Power device for penetration sounding and soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a power device for penetration sounding and a soil body three-dimensional deformation field testing device in the technical field of indoor calibration devices, the power device for penetration sounding comprises a speed measuring instrument, a transmitting tube and an adapter which are sequentially connected along the same axis, and the side face of the adapter is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve, a small air chamber, a second electromagnetic valve and an air source. The air chamber is further provided with a pressure sensor used for detecting the air pressure in the air chamber. One side, far away from the launching tube, of the adapter is provided with a bomb loading port used for loading a penetrometer into the launching tube, and the bomb loading port is connected with a plug used for plugging the bomb loading port; a loading fixing piece for fixing the penetrometer is arranged in the adapter or the launching tube so as to prevent the penetrometer from freely falling in the loading process; the minimum variable quantity of the pressure in the air chamber can be reduced, the incidence speed of the penetrometer can be changed in a small range, and the situation that the penetrometer enters the soil tank at different speeds in the actual environment is accurately simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of indoor calibration devices, and in particular to a power device for penetration probing and a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device. Background Art

[0002] CN116124637A discloses a complete set of technical systems for remote and rapid survey of ground mechanics in disaster areas and other areas that are difficult for personnel to reach using impact penetration probes. The penetration probe can be carried by unmanned aerial vehicles to measure parameters such as resistance, acceleration, penetration depth, etc. in the field environment. The indoor calibration device completes the calibration of the interpretation of theoretical solutions and simulation solutions, and establishes a model database for the interpretation of typical ground mechanics parameters, thereby interpreting the measured resistance, acceleration-time curves, etc. into ground mechanics parameters.

[0003] The air chamber in the power system of the indoor calibration device is relatively large, which can push the initial velocity of the probe to 30m / s to 150m / s. Considering that the flight altitude of the penetrometer in the actual working environment of the field is about 100m, the velocity of the penetrometer entering the soil is in the range of 35m / s to 50m / s, which is basically near the initial range of the original design. When simulating the penetrometer's different velocity injection in the actual environment, the change in injection velocity is generally less than 5m / s.

[0004] Since the air chamber in the power system is relatively large and the maximum working air pressure is also very large, when inflating the air chamber, even a slight adjustment of the valve will cause a large change in the air pressure in the air chamber, which will cause the speed of the launched penetrometer to differ by 10m / s. It is impossible to change the incident speed within a small range, and it is difficult to accurately simulate the different speeds of the penetrometer in the actual environment.

[0005] Furthermore, the penetrometer of the indoor calibration device can only test its own acceleration and resistance-time curve by internal sensors, and cannot obtain parameters such as velocity field and displacement field of the soil during the penetration process, and cannot perform three-dimensional deformation measurement of the soil. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power device for penetration probing and a three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing indoor calibration device cannot change the incident velocity of the penetrometer within a small range and cannot perform three-dimensional deformation measurement of the soil.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides a power device for driving a penetrometer, comprising a velocimeter, a transmitting tube and an adapter connected in sequence along the same axis, a first solenoid valve, a small air chamber, a second solenoid valve and an air source are connected in sequence to the side of the adapter, and a pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure in the air chamber is also installed on the air chamber;

[0008] A loading port for loading the penetrometer into the launch tube is provided on a side of the adapter away from the launch tube, and a plug for sealing the loading port is connected to the loading port;

[0009] A loading fixture for fixing the penetrometer is provided in the adapter or the launch tube to prevent the penetrometer from falling freely during the loading process.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the loading fixture comprises a hook and a rope, the hook is fixedly mounted on the plug, one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the penetrometer, and the other end is hung on the hook.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loading and fixing device includes an inflatable cushion, a reversing valve and a pressure regulating valve connected in sequence, the pressure regulating valve is connected to the air source, and the inflatable cushion is arranged in an air cushion groove in the launching tube, so that the inflatable cushion can expand or shrink to fix or release the penetrometer.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a safety valve is further installed between the air chamber and the second solenoid valve.

[0013] The present invention further provides a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing, comprising a soil trough box, a half-section penetrometer and the above-mentioned power device, wherein the power device is installed on a launching frame, and the soil trough box is located directly below the power device;

[0014] The semi-section penetrometer includes a body and a circular spring holder located at the end of the body. One side of the body is arranged as an axial section that can fit with the transparent glass surface of the soil trough box to observe the displacement of the penetrometer and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a high-speed camera for shooting video images of the penetration instrument penetrating the soil trough box is installed on the outer side of the transparent glass of the soil trough box, and light sources for fill light for the high-speed camera are arranged on both sides of the high-speed camera.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the high-speed camera is connected to a control computer via a wireless bridge. The control computer is equipped with camera control software and analysis software. The camera control software is responsible for sending the high-speed camera parameters and obtaining the real-time preview screen of the camera. The analysis software is used to process the video image taken by the high-speed camera to obtain the motion dimension of the penetrometer and fit the motion trajectory of the penetrometer.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device also includes a dual-pulse laser and a dual-pulse synchronization controller, and the dual-pulse synchronization controller can accurately synchronize the pulses of the dual-pulse laser and the high-speed camera; two high-speed cameras are provided to realize three-dimensional field quantity testing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention can reduce the minimum change of the pressure in the air chamber through the cooperation of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, the small air chamber, the transmitting tube and the velocimeter, and can more accurately control the air pressure in the air chamber, thereby enabling the incident speed of the penetrometer to vary within a small range, accurately simulating the different speeds of the penetrometer incident on the soil trough box in the actual environment.

[0020] The present invention is provided with a semi-section penetrometer, the axial section of which can be fitted with the transparent glass surface of the soil trough box to observe the displacement of the penetrometer and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process, and can perform three-dimensional deformation measurement of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A right side schematic diagram of

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power device in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adapter and the launch tube when the loading fixing member in the present invention is set as an inflatable cushion;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adapter and the launch tube when the loading fixing member in the present invention is configured as a hook and a hanging rope;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the semi-cut penetrometer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a gas path principle diagram of the launch penetrometer in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a gas injection process and emission process flow chart of the penetrometer in the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the camera, the light source and the penetrometer in the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the camera and the control computer in the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional field quantity measurement diagram of the soil body in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil trough box in the present invention.

[0034] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0035] 1-speed meter, 2-launching tube, 3-adapter, 4-first solenoid valve, 5-air chamber, 6-second solenoid valve, 7-pressure sensor, 8-loading port, 9-plug, 10-penetrator, 11-hook, 12-sling, 13-inflatable cushion, 14-reversing valve, 15-pressure regulating valve, 16-air cushion groove, 17-safety valve, 18-launching rack, 19-soil trough box, 20-body, 21-circular bullet support, 22-axial section, 23-high-speed camera, 24-light source, 25-wireless bridge, 26-control computer, 27-dual-pulse laser, 28-gas control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention specifically provides a power device for driving a penetrometer, comprising a velocimeter 1, a transmitting tube 2 and an adapter 3 connected in sequence along the same axis, a first solenoid valve 4, a small air chamber 5, a second solenoid valve 6 and an air source are connected in sequence to the side of the adapter 3, and a pressure sensor 7 for detecting the air pressure in the air chamber 5 is also installed on the air chamber 5;

[0038] A loading port 8 for loading a penetrometer 10 into the launch tube 2 is provided on a side of the adapter 3 away from the launch tube 2, and a plug 9 for sealing the loading port 8 is connected to the loading port 8;

[0039] A loading fixture for fixing the penetrometer 10 is provided in the adapter 3 or the launch tube 2 to prevent the penetrometer 10 from falling freely during the loading process.

[0040] The above-mentioned air chamber 5 is a small air chamber. Compared with the large air chamber, not only the maximum working air pressure is reduced, but also when the small air chamber is inflated, the air intake solenoid valve opens at the same angle, and the change in the air pressure in the air chamber 5 is small. The air pressure in the air chamber 5 can be accurately controlled, and the incident speed of the penetrometer 10 can be changed in a small range, accurately simulating the different speeds of the penetrometer in the actual environment.

[0041] The method of launching the penetrometer 10 using the above-mentioned power device is as follows:

[0042] First, load the penetrometer 10 into the launch tube 2 through the loading port 8 on the adapter 3, fix the penetrometer 10 in the launch tube 2 through the loading fixture, and then seal the loading port 8 with the plug 9.

[0043] Then, the gas injection and emission operations are completed through the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 6 and the pressure sensor 7 on both sides of the gas chamber 5, as follows:

[0044] When injecting gas, the second solenoid valve 6 is opened, the first solenoid valve 4 is closed, and the gas source injects gas into the gas chamber 5. When the pressure sensor 7 reaches the set valve chamber gas injection pressure, it means that the gas chamber 5 is full, and the second solenoid valve 6 is closed;

[0045] During launch, the first solenoid valve 4 is opened, the second solenoid valve 6 is closed, and the high-pressure gas in the air chamber 5 enters the launch tube 2, specifically, the space between the end of the penetrometer 10 and the plug 9. The penetrometer 10 is pushed under high pressure and ejected downward along the launch tube 2. When the pressure sensor 7 returns to normal pressure, it means that the launch of the penetrometer 10 is completed, and the first solenoid valve 4 is closed to complete a penetration test.

[0046] When launching the penetrometer 10, the speed meter 1 can detect the exit speed of the penetrometer 10. According to the exit speed of the penetrometer 10 detected by the speed meter 1 and the pressure of the air chamber 5 detected by the pressure sensor 7, a relationship between pressure and speed can be established, which is convenient for accurately adjusting the pressure of the air chamber 5.

[0047] By adjusting the pressure in the air chamber 5 during gas injection, the penetrometer 10 can be shot into the soil trough box 19 at different speeds. The greater the pressure in the air chamber 5, the faster the shooting speed of the penetrometer 10. This can accurately simulate the penetrometer 10 shooting into the soil trough box 19 at different speeds in actual environment.

[0048] In summary, the present invention can reduce the minimum change in pressure in the air chamber 5 through the cooperation of the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 6, the pressure sensor 7, the air chamber 5, the launching tube 2 and the speed meter 1, and can more accurately control the air pressure in the air chamber 5, thereby enabling the incident speed of the penetrometer 10 to vary within a small range, accurately simulating the different speeds of the penetrometer incident on the soil trough box 19 in an actual environment.

[0049] The present invention also adds safety measures to the launch process control, and the permission password needs to be entered during operation to complete the launch.

[0050] Structural design and dimensions such as Figure 1 As shown. The gas chamber 5, the launch tube 2 and other components are installed on the trapezoidal bracket and connected and fixed to the on-site steel structure bottom plate beam by fixing the pipe clamp. The gas control box 28 is located directly below the trapezoidal bracket. The gas pipeline is laid from bottom to top and is connected to the gas path components using a 304 seamless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 10mm and a ferrule joint. The volume of the gas chamber 5 is 2L, the launch tube 2 is 1.4m long, the height of the trapezoidal bracket is 1m, the width is 0.6m, and the overall height of the structure is 1.8m.

[0051] The air chamber 5 and the adapter 3 are connected by a solenoid valve with a DN65 flange structure to control the airflow direction. The fixed flange adopts a connection structure of 6 M20 coarse thread bolts. The launch tube 2 is a 1.4m long round tube with an inner hole diameter of 55mm. The plug 9 is an M72 coarse thread plug with an external hexagonal design, and an M10 internal hexagonal hole is added in the center of the outer side of the plug 9 to facilitate disassembly during loading. The speed meter 1 is installed at the outlet of the launch tube 2 and is a threaded connection.

[0052] The impact test piece is about 600mm long, installed vertically downward and has no outer diameter sealing surface. Two ways of loading and fixing the parts are designed, as follows:

[0053] The first type, the loading fixture includes a hook 11 and a hanging rope 12, the hook 11 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the plug 9, one end of the hanging rope 12 is fixedly connected to the penetrometer 10, and the other end is hung on the hook 11. When loading, the penetrometer 10 is hung with the hanging rope 12 and loaded into the launch tube 2, which is simple and convenient.

[0054] It should be noted that the suspension rope 12 is simply tied to the hook 11, and the knot is easy to be pulled open. When launching, the penetrometer 10 pulls the suspension rope 12, which can make the suspension rope 12 easily break away from the hook 11, and the suspension rope 12 is launched together with the penetrometer 10.

[0055] The second type, the loading and fixing part includes an inflatable cushion 13, a reversing valve 14 and a pressure regulating valve 15 connected in sequence. The pressure regulating valve 15 is connected to the air source and is used to adjust the air pressure in the inflatable cushion 13, that is, to adjust the amount of air inflated into the inflatable cushion 13 by the air source. The inflatable cushion 13 is arranged in an air cushion groove 16 in the launching tube 2, so that the inflatable cushion 13 can expand or shrink to fix or release the penetrometer 10.

[0056] Specifically, two inflatable cushions 13 are provided, and the two inflatable cushions 13 are arranged in parallel and coaxially with the launch tube 2. The state of the inflatable cushions 13 can be switched by the reversing valve 14. When the inflatable cushions 13 are inflated, they can clamp the penetrometer 10 to prevent free fall during loading; when they are deflated, they can release the penetrometer 10 so that the penetrometer 10 can be launched normally.

[0057] The outside of the inflatable cushion 13 is connected to the low-pressure air of 0.2 MPa through a PU tube, and the PU tube passes through the launching tube 2 horizontally.

[0058] Furthermore, a safety valve 17 is installed between the air chamber 5 and the second solenoid valve 6. When the air pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the safety valve 17 will open and exhaust air to the outside to protect the safety of the pipeline.

[0059] The pressure regulating valve 15, the second solenoid valve 6, the safety valve 17, the reversing valve 14 and the pressure sensor 7 are all installed in the air control box 28. The air control box 28 is a 4U chassis equipped with a display screen. The maximum operating pressure of all valves is ≤5MPa, the opening pressure of the safety valve 17 is 5MPa, and the range of the pressure sensor 7 is 0MPa~10MPa. The high-pressure pipeline is introduced into the air inlet of the drive mechanism through a T-type three-way connector on site, and the solenoid valve is remotely controlled to realize the corresponding function. For the convenience of operation, a hole is opened on the front panel of the air control box 28 to reserve the position of the operating handle of the reversing valve 14. The front panel is installed with a butterfly nut that is easy to disassemble for easy maintenance.

[0060] The present invention further provides a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing, comprising a soil trough box 19, a semi-section penetrometer 10 and the above-mentioned power device, wherein the power device is installed on a launching frame 18, and the soil trough box 19 is located directly below the power device;

[0061] The semi-section penetrometer 10 includes a body 20 and a circular spring holder 21 at the end of the body 20. One side of the body 20 is provided with an axial section 22 that can fit with the transparent glass surface of the soil trough box 19 to observe the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

[0062] The details are as follows:

[0063] The function of the semi-section penetrometer is to allow the axial section 22 of the penetrometer 10 to penetrate the soil along the glass during the impact penetrometer 10 test. Since one side of the matching soil trough box 19 is completely transparent glass, researchers can observe the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process. The high-speed camera of the digital image correlation DIC test device can record the three-dimensional deformation process. The structure of the semi-section penetrometer 10 is as follows: Figure 8 The semi-section penetrometer 10 retains the spring support 21 to meet the installation requirements and limit function.

[0064] In order to meet the needs of observing the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process, in addition to designing the penetrometer 10 as a semi-section structure, the specific lateral surface of the new soil trough box 19 is designed to be transparent tempered glass, which is convenient for the DIC test device to capture images of the penetration process for calculating the soil displacement field and velocity field. The structure and size of the transparent soil trough box 19 are as follows: Fig.12 As shown. All steel is made of sus304 steel, and the glass is tempered glass, which is bonded by double 10mm thick glass. The box has the functions of water leakage prevention and shockproof, and its stainless steel surface is mechanically polished, and the vibration plate of the vibration table is blackened.

[0065] The DIC test device consists of a high-speed camera 23, a light source 24, a wireless bridge 25, a control computer 26, a lens, a tripod, and analysis software. The high-speed camera 23 collects the motion details of the high-speed moving rigid body by setting a reasonable sampling frame rate, and the light source 24 is responsible for supplementing the light for the high-speed camera 23. Fig. 9 shown.

[0066] Due to the complexity of on-site wiring, the high-speed camera 23 communicates with the control computer 26 through a wireless bridge 25; the control computer 26 is installed with camera control software and analysis software, and the camera control software is responsible for sending camera parameters and obtaining the real-time preview image of the camera. The data transmission link is as follows: Fig.10 The analysis software processes the video images taken by the high-speed camera 23, automatically obtains the velocity, acceleration, displacement and other motion dimensions of the high-speed moving rigid body, and fits the motion trajectory of the rigid body; the tripod is used to set up the camera, and the analysis software can support single-eye and binocular analysis, pixel calibration, checkerboard calibration, total station calibration, multi-camera video stitching and other functions.

[0067] In order to realize DIC field quantity test, a dual-pulse laser 27, DIC analysis software, and dual-pulse synchronous controller are provided. The dual-pulse laser 27 can emit a sheet of light from the bottom to the top of the soil trough box through a light guide arm to facilitate three-dimensional field quantity test. The dual-pulse synchronous controller can achieve precise synchronization of the pulses of the laser and the high-speed camera 23. When one camera is used, a planar field quantity test (2D2C) can be realized, and when two cameras are used, a three-dimensional field quantity test (2D3C) can be realized. The soil flow field measurement diagram is shown in the figure below. Fig.11 shown.

[0068] The high-speed camera 23 has a full-frame resolution of 2560×1920, a full-frame shooting frame rate of 2000 frames (1000 pairs of images in double-pulse DIC mode), and supports ROI function, which can increase the shooting frame rate by reducing the image resolution. The camera memory is 64GB, and it can shoot continuously for 6 seconds when shooting at full frame and full frame rate. It supports memory partitioning and can shoot multiple sets of videos. The light source 24 is two 200W LED fill lights without flicker, which can be used with a customized spotlight to evenly fill the shooting target. A 2M high pneumatic bracket is provided to support the light source 24. The camera and light source 24 are as follows: Fig. 9 shown.

[0069] The analysis software supports: 1. Dimensional measurement of rigid body velocity, acceleration, displacement, etc.; 2. Export of analysis data in csv format; 3. Monocular and binocular analysis; 4. Checkerboard, total station, pixel scale calibration; 5. Multi-camera image stitching; 6. GAMMA correction; 7. DEMOSIC and other image processing; 8. Video editing.

[0070] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power device for driving a penetrometer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tachometer (1), a transmitting tube (2) and an adapter (3) connected in sequence along the same axis, a first electromagnetic valve (4), a small air chamber (5), a second electromagnetic valve (6) and an air source are connected in sequence to the side of the adapter (3), and a pressure sensor (7) for detecting the air pressure in the air chamber (5) is also installed on the air chamber (5); A loading port (8) for loading a penetrometer (10) into the launching tube (2) is provided on a side of the adapter (3) away from the launching tube (2), and a plug (9) for sealing the loading port (8) is connected to the loading port (8); A loading fixture for fixing the penetrometer (10) is provided in the adapter (3) or the launch tube (2) to prevent the penetrometer (10) from falling freely during the loading process.

2. A power device for driving a penetrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading fixture comprises a hook (11) and a hanging rope (12); the hook (11) is fixedly mounted on the plug (9); one end of the hanging rope (12) is fixedly connected to the penetrometer (10), and the other end is hung on the hook (11).

3. A power device for driving a penetrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and fixing member comprises an inflatable cushion (13), a reversing valve (14) and a pressure regulating valve (15) which are connected in sequence, wherein the pressure regulating valve (15) is connected to the air source, and the inflatable cushion (13) is arranged in an air cushion groove (16) in the launching tube (2), so that the inflatable cushion (13) can expand or contract to fix or release the penetrometer (10).

4. A power device for driving a penetrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety valve (17) is also installed between the air chamber (5) and the second solenoid valve (6).

5. A soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing, characterized in that: It comprises a soil trough box (19), a half-section penetrometer (10) and a power device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power device is installed on a launching frame (18), and the soil trough box (19) is located directly below the power device; The semi-section penetrometer (10) comprises a body (20) and a circular spring holder (21) located at the end of the body (20); one side of the body (20) is provided as an axial section (22) capable of being fitted with a transparent glass surface of the soil trough box (19) so as to observe the displacement of the penetrometer (10) and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

6. The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A high-speed camera (23) for capturing a video image of the penetration instrument (10) penetrating the soil trough box (19) is installed on the outer side of the transparent glass of the soil trough box (19), and light sources (24) for providing fill light for the high-speed camera (23) are arranged on both sides of the high-speed camera (23).

7. The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The high-speed camera (23) is connected to a control computer (26) via a wireless bridge (25). The control computer (26) is equipped with camera control software and analysis software. The camera control software is responsible for sending parameters of the high-speed camera (23) and obtaining a real-time preview image of the camera. The analysis software is used to process the video image taken by the high-speed camera (23) to obtain the motion dimension of the penetrometer (10) and fit the motion trajectory of the penetrometer (10).

8. The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The soil body three-dimensional deformation field testing device also includes a dual-pulse laser (27) and a dual-pulse synchronization controller, wherein the dual-pulse synchronization controller can accurately synchronize the pulses of the dual-pulse laser (27) and the high-speed camera (23); Two high-speed cameras (23) are provided to realize three-dimensional field quantity testing.

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