Water and soil conservation monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, discloses a system and a method for water and soil conservation monitoring, and aims to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of water and soil loss through dynamic real-time monitoring and comprehensive evaluation. The method comprises the steps that soil basic parameters and environment real-time parameters are collected, the soil stability is calculated, and the water and soil loss risk is evaluated according to the soil stability; when the water and soil loss risk exceeds a threshold value, soil stability scoring is carried out according to the soil stability and the soil basic parameters; when the soil stability score is lower than a set threshold value, evaluating the vegetation restoration capability, and evaluating the regional water and soil conservation efficiency in combination with the water and soil loss risk and the vegetation restoration capability; and judging whether to trigger early warning or not according to a water and soil conservation efficiency evaluation result. By introducing multi-dimensional evaluation mechanisms such as soil stability, stability score, vegetation recovery capability and the like, an accurate and dynamic water and soil conservation monitoring scheme is provided, and the method has relatively high real-time performance, reliability and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to a system and method for soil and water conservation monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global climate change and changes in land use patterns, the problem of soil erosion has become increasingly prominent around the world, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. This phenomenon not only leads to land degradation and a decline in agricultural production, but may also induce natural disasters such as mudslides and floods, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and human living environment. Therefore, soil and water conservation has become a key research area in soil protection, agricultural production, and ecological and environmental protection. At present, soil and water conservation monitoring mainly relies on traditional ground observations and manual survey methods, which often make it difficult to achieve real-time and comprehensive monitoring of soil erosion conditions, and have obvious deficiencies in dynamic prediction.

[0003] In view of this, there is an urgent need to develop a new soil and water conservation monitoring technology to more effectively address the challenges posed by soil erosion. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a system and method for soil and water conservation monitoring, which aims to achieve dynamic prediction, monitoring and early warning of soil and water loss by collecting basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters, combined with an innovative soil stability and soil and water loss risk assessment mechanism.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for soil and water conservation monitoring, comprising:

[0006] Collecting basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters, and obtaining soil stability according to the real-time environmental parameters, and assessing the risk of soil erosion according to the soil stability; wherein the real-time environmental parameters include vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall and runoff;

[0007] When the assessment result of the soil erosion risk is greater than a preset soil erosion risk threshold, a soil stability score is performed according to the soil stability and soil basic parameters; wherein the soil basic parameters include soil moisture, slope and slope direction;

[0008] When the soil stability score result is less than the stability score threshold, the vegetation restoration capacity is evaluated according to the real-time environmental parameters; and then the regional soil and water conservation efficiency is evaluated according to the evaluation results of the vegetation restoration capacity, the evaluation results of the soil erosion risk and the real-time environmental parameters;

[0009] Based on the relationship between the evaluation results of regional soil and water conservation effectiveness and the threshold of effectiveness evaluation results, it is determined whether to trigger an early warning.

[0010] Preferably, the soil stability is calculated by the following formula:

[0011] ;

[0012] Among them, S soil Indicates soil stability, reflecting the soil's ability to resist erosion under natural conditions; V cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the extent to which the soil surface is covered by plants; D roots Indicates the root depth, reflecting the average depth of the plant root system; P rain Indicates rainfall in millimeters, reflecting the amount of precipitation in a certain period of time; Q runoff Indicates runoff, in cubic meters per second, reflecting the volume of surface water flow; β erosion It represents the empirical coefficient, which is used to measure the influence of rainfall and runoff on soil erosion.

[0013] Preferably, the soil erosion risk is calculated by the following formula:

[0014] ;

[0015] Among them, R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion, reflecting the possibility of soil loss under certain rainfall and runoff conditions; E soil It indicates the amount of soil erosion, reflecting the amount of soil loss per unit area, in kilograms per square meter; S soil It indicates soil stability and reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion.

[0016] Preferably, the soil stability score is calculated by the following formula:

[0017] ;

[0018] Among them, S score It indicates soil stability score, which reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion; H soil Indicates soil moisture in percentage, reflecting the water content in the soil; θ slope Indicates the slope, in degrees, reflecting the slope angle of the soil area; φ aspect Indicates the slope direction, in degrees, reflecting the direction of the slope; γ slope Indicates the influence coefficient of slope on soil stability; δ aspect Represents the influence coefficient of slope aspect on soil stability.

[0019] Preferably, the regional soil and water conservation efficiency is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] ;

[0021] Among them, E effect It represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures in the region; R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion, reflecting the potential risk of soil erosion in the area; S score V represents the soil stability score, reflecting the stability of the soil; cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the protectiveness of the soil; α restore It represents the influence coefficient of vegetation restoration capacity and reflects the contribution of vegetation restoration to soil and water conservation efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, the soil and water loss risk threshold is dynamically adjusted according to historical data and regional characteristics, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] Among them, R threshold (t) represents the soil and water loss risk threshold, reflecting the threshold of soil and water loss at a given time point; D history (t−i) represents historical rainfall, runoff, and erosion data, reflecting the relevant parameters in a certain period of time in the past; α i Represents the weight coefficient of historical data, which is used to adjust the impact of data in different time periods on threshold prediction.

[0025] Preferably, the vegetation restoration capacity is calculated by the following formula:

[0026] ;

[0027] Among them, C restore V represents the vegetation recovery capacity, reflecting the ability of vegetation in the region to restore soil and water conservation; cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the protective effect of plants on the soil; D roots Indicates the root depth, which affects the soil consolidation capacity; β restore It represents the vegetation restoration impact coefficient, which is used to measure the impact of vegetation restoration on soil stability and soil erosion.

[0028] Preferably, the warning triggering condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0029] ;

[0030] Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting whether it has reached a high risk state of soil and water loss; E effect (t) represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting the effectiveness of regional soil and water conservation measures; S score (t) represents the soil stability score, which reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion; Vcover (t) represents the vegetation coverage rate, which reflects the coverage capacity of regional vegetation.

[0031] Preferably, based on the relationship between the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency and the efficiency evaluation result threshold, judging whether to trigger an early warning includes:

[0032] When W warning (t)≥,W threshold When , the judgment result is to trigger an early warning;

[0033] Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency; W threshold Indicates the threshold value of the performance evaluation result.

[0034] The present invention also proposes a soil and water conservation monitoring system for implementing the soil and water conservation monitoring method mentioned above.

[0035] Preferably, the soil and water conservation monitoring system comprises:

[0036] A data acquisition module is used to collect basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters in real time. The basic soil parameters include soil moisture, slope, and slope direction. The real-time environmental parameters include vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall, and runoff.

[0037] A soil stability calculation module, used to calculate soil stability according to the real-time environmental parameters;

[0038] The soil erosion risk assessment module is used to calculate the soil erosion risk based on the calculated soil stability and real-time environmental parameters such as rainfall and runoff;

[0039] Soil stability scoring module, used to calculate soil stability score based on soil erosion risk assessment results;

[0040] Vegetation restoration capacity assessment module, used to assess the vegetation restoration capacity of a region;

[0041] Regional soil and water conservation effectiveness assessment module, which is used to calculate the regional soil and water conservation effectiveness based on soil stability score, vegetation restoration capacity and soil erosion risk assessment results;

[0042] The early warning judgment module is used to determine whether to trigger a soil erosion warning based on the regional soil and water conservation efficiency and soil stability score.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] Real-time dynamic monitoring technology: This study achieved real-time monitoring of regional soil erosion conditions by collecting environmental parameters (such as rainfall, runoff, vegetation coverage, root depth, etc.) in real time, which can identify potential risks in a timely manner and issue early warnings.

[0045] Comprehensive assessment method for soil erosion risk: This study combines soil stability with the soil stability scoring mechanism, calculates the soil erosion risk assessment results through a specific formula, accurately assesses the stability of soil under different environmental conditions, and provides a scientific basis for soil erosion prevention and control.

[0046] Accurate assessment method for soil and water conservation effectiveness: The regional soil and water conservation effectiveness assessment method proposed in this study comprehensively considers vegetation restoration capacity, soil erosion risk and soil stability. It can more accurately evaluate regional soil and water conservation effectiveness and provide scientific guidance for the formulation of subsequent soil and water conservation measures.

[0047] Construction of intelligent early warning system: Based on the results of soil erosion risk assessment and soil stability score, the intelligent early warning system constructed in this study can predict high-risk areas, trigger the early warning mechanism, assist relevant departments to take timely response measures, and effectively prevent the occurrence of soil erosion disasters.

[0048] Wide adaptability and application prospects: The soil and water conservation monitoring technology proposed in this study is suitable for a variety of terrains, climates and ecological conditions, showing good adaptability and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for soil and water conservation monitoring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0052] See also Figure 1This embodiment provides a method for soil and water conservation monitoring, including:

[0053] Collecting basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters, and obtaining soil stability according to the real-time environmental parameters, and assessing the risk of soil erosion according to the soil stability; wherein the real-time environmental parameters include vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall and runoff;

[0054] When the assessment result of the soil erosion risk is greater than a preset soil erosion risk threshold, a soil stability score is performed according to the soil stability and soil basic parameters; wherein the soil basic parameters include soil moisture, slope and slope direction;

[0055] When the soil stability score result is less than the stability score threshold, the vegetation restoration capacity is evaluated according to the real-time environmental parameters; and then the regional soil and water conservation efficiency is evaluated according to the evaluation results of the vegetation restoration capacity, the evaluation results of the soil erosion risk and the real-time environmental parameters;

[0056] Based on the relationship between the evaluation results of regional soil and water conservation effectiveness and the threshold of effectiveness evaluation results, it is determined whether to trigger an early warning.

[0057] It can be seen that this embodiment proposes a method for monitoring soil and water conservation conditions, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0058] First, it is necessary to collect basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters. By analyzing these real-time environmental parameters, the stability of the soil can be obtained. Based on the soil stability, the risk of soil erosion is further assessed; among these real-time environmental parameters, key indicators such as vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall and runoff are particularly included.

[0059] Next, if the assessed soil erosion risk exceeds the pre-set soil erosion risk threshold, a soil stability score is required based on soil stability and basic soil parameters. Basic soil parameters mainly include important indicators such as soil moisture, slope and slope aspect.

[0060] Once the soil stability score is below the stability score threshold, the next step is to evaluate the vegetation recovery capacity based on the real-time environmental parameters. After evaluating the vegetation recovery capacity, the soil and water conservation efficiency in the area is comprehensively evaluated in combination with the assessment results of soil erosion risk and the real-time environmental parameters.

[0061] Finally, based on the comparison between the evaluation results of regional soil and water conservation efficiency and the threshold of efficiency evaluation results, it is judged whether it is necessary to trigger the early warning mechanism so as to take corresponding soil and water conservation measures in time.

[0062] It can be understood that this embodiment provides a comprehensive and systematic soil and water conservation monitoring method, which not only takes into account the basic characteristics of the soil, but also fully integrates the influence of real-time environmental parameters, making the assessment of soil and water loss risk more accurate and comprehensive. Through meticulous analysis steps, from the calculation of soil stability to the assessment of soil and water loss risk, to the soil stability score and the judgment of vegetation recovery capacity, each step provides a solid foundation for the final soil and water conservation effectiveness assessment. The application of this method will help improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil and water conservation work, and provide strong support for the protection of the ecological environment and sustainable development.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil stability is calculated by the following formula:

[0064] ;

[0065] Among them, S soil Indicates soil stability, reflecting the soil's ability to resist erosion under natural conditions; V cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the extent to which the soil surface is covered by plants; D roots Indicates the root depth, reflecting the average depth of the plant root system; P rain Indicates rainfall in millimeters, reflecting the amount of precipitation in a certain period of time; Q runoff Indicates runoff, in cubic meters per second, reflecting the volume of surface water flow; β erosion It represents the empirical coefficient, which is used to measure the influence of rainfall and runoff on soil erosion.

[0066] It can be seen that this embodiment comprehensively considers multiple factors such as vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall, runoff, etc., and uses empirical coefficients for weighted calculation to obtain a quantitative index of soil stability. This index can more accurately reflect the soil's ability to resist erosion under natural conditions, and provides a scientific basis for the assessment of soil and water loss risks. In addition, this method also implements a hierarchical management and early warning mechanism for soil and water conservation conditions by setting soil and water loss risk thresholds and stability score thresholds, which helps to timely discover and respond to potential soil and water loss problems. This comprehensive and systematic monitoring method not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of soil and water conservation work, but also provides strong support for the protection and sustainable development of the ecological environment.

[0067] It is understandable that in the process of monitoring the soil and water conservation status, this embodiment also pays special attention to the real-time and accuracy of the data. Through advanced sensor technology and data acquisition systems, basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters can be obtained in real time, ensuring the timeliness and reliability of the evaluation results. At the same time, the method also fully considers the impact of regional differences and climate change on the soil and water conservation status, and by flexibly adjusting the empirical coefficient and threshold, the evaluation results are more in line with the actual situation, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the early warning mechanism.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil erosion risk is calculated by the following formula:

[0069] ;

[0070] Among them, R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion, reflecting the possibility of soil loss under certain rainfall and runoff conditions; E soil It indicates the amount of soil erosion, reflecting the amount of soil loss per unit area, in kilograms per square meter; S soil It indicates soil stability and reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion.

[0071] It can be seen that this embodiment further quantifies the possibility of soil and water loss through the soil and water loss risk formula, combines soil erosion with soil stability, and provides a more accurate mathematical model for risk assessment. The application of this formula makes the assessment of soil and water loss risk no longer rely on subjective judgment or empirical estimation, but has a more objective and scientific basis. At the same time, the formula also takes into account the dynamic relationship between soil erosion and soil stability, reflects the changing law of soil loss risk under different conditions, and provides strong support for the formulation of targeted soil and water conservation measures. This method of comprehensively considering multiple factors and using mathematical models for quantitative assessment not only improves the scientificity and accuracy of soil and water conservation work, but also injects new vitality into the protection and sustainable development of the ecological environment.

[0072] It is understandable that this embodiment also incorporates intelligent technical means in the process of monitoring soil and water conservation. By introducing artificial intelligence algorithms and big data analysis technology, the collected soil basic parameters and environmental real-time parameters can be deeply mined and analyzed, further improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. The application of these technical means not only improves the monitoring efficiency, but also makes the early warning mechanism more sensitive and intelligent, and can detect and warn potential soil and water loss risks at the first time.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil stability score is calculated by the following formula:

[0074] ;

[0075] Among them, S score It indicates soil stability score, which reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion; H soil Indicates soil moisture in percentage, reflecting the water content in the soil; θ slope Indicates the slope, in degrees, reflecting the slope angle of the soil area; φ aspect Indicates the slope direction, in degrees, reflecting the direction of the slope; γ slope Indicates the influence coefficient of slope on soil stability; δ aspect Represents the influence coefficient of slope aspect on soil stability.

[0076] It can be seen that this embodiment comprehensively considers multiple factors such as soil moisture, slope, slope direction, etc., and uses the influence coefficient for weighted calculation to obtain a quantitative index for soil stability scoring. This indicator can more accurately reflect the soil's ability to resist erosion under different conditions, and provides a scientific basis for soil stability assessment. By setting a stability score threshold, the stability of the soil can be further judged, which provides an important reference for taking corresponding soil and water conservation measures. The application of this method not only improves the accuracy and reliability of soil stability assessment, but also provides strong support for the formulation of targeted soil and water conservation plans. At the same time, the scoring system also fully considers the influence of regional differences and soil characteristics. By flexibly adjusting the influence coefficient, the evaluation results are more in line with the actual situation, which helps to achieve the precision and scientific nature of soil and water conservation work.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the regional soil and water conservation efficiency is calculated by the following formula:

[0078] ;

[0079] Among them, E effect It represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures in the region; R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion, reflecting the potential risk of soil erosion in the area; S score V represents the soil stability score, reflecting the stability of the soil; cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the protectiveness of the soil; α restore It represents the influence coefficient of vegetation restoration capacity and reflects the contribution of vegetation restoration to soil and water conservation efficiency.

[0080] It is understandable that this embodiment takes into account multiple factors such as soil erosion risk, soil stability, vegetation coverage, and vegetation restoration capacity by constructing a quantitative evaluation model for regional soil and water conservation efficiency. This model not only reveals the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, but also deeply analyzes the inherent connection between various factors and their synergistic effect on soil and water conservation efficiency. Through quantitative evaluation, the actual effect of the region in soil and water conservation can be intuitively understood, providing a scientific basis for further optimizing soil and water conservation measures and improving regional ecological quality.

[0081] At the same time, the model also embodies the concept of ecological restoration and protection. The influence coefficients of vegetation coverage and vegetation restoration capacity emphasize the important role of vegetation in soil and water conservation. This not only helps us realize the protective role of vegetation on soil, but also reminds us that when formulating soil and water conservation measures, we should fully consider the restoration and protection of vegetation to achieve a virtuous cycle of ecology and sustainable development.

[0082] In addition, this example also demonstrates the broad application prospects of quantitative evaluation in soil and water conservation. By building a scientific quantitative evaluation system, we can more accurately grasp the regional soil and water conservation status and provide strong support for government decision-making, scientific research and public education. This will not only help improve the scientificity and accuracy of soil and water conservation work, but also help promote the construction of ecological civilization and sustainable development in the whole society.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil and water loss risk threshold is dynamically adjusted according to historical data and regional characteristics, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0084] ;

[0085] Among them, R threshold (t) represents the soil and water loss risk threshold, reflecting the threshold of soil and water loss at a given time point; D history (t−i) represents historical rainfall, runoff, and erosion data, reflecting the relevant parameters in a certain period of time in the past; α i Represents the weight coefficient of historical data, which is used to adjust the impact of data in different time periods on threshold prediction.

[0086] It can be understood that this embodiment dynamically adjusts the soil and water loss risk threshold by introducing historical data and regional characteristics, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of the assessment. Historical rainfall, runoff, and erosion data, as important input parameters, can reflect the soil and water loss conditions in the region in the past, and provide an important basis for predicting future soil and water loss risks. At the same time, by setting weight coefficients and reasonably weighting data in different time periods, the prediction results are more in line with the actual situation, which helps us to formulate soil and water conservation measures more scientifically and reduce the risk of soil and water loss.

[0087] This method of dynamically adjusting the soil and water loss risk threshold not only reflects respect for history and consideration of reality, but also demonstrates the wisdom of scientific prediction and decision-making. By continuously optimizing and adjusting the assessment model, we can more accurately grasp the regional soil and water loss situation and provide strong support for the formulation of targeted soil and water conservation plans.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the vegetation restoration capacity is calculated by the following formula:

[0089] ;

[0090] Among them, C restore V represents the vegetation recovery capacity, reflecting the ability of vegetation in the region to restore soil and water conservation; cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the protective effect of plants on the soil; D roots Indicates the root depth, which affects the soil consolidation capacity; β restore It represents the vegetation restoration impact coefficient, which is used to measure the impact of vegetation restoration on soil stability and soil erosion.

[0091] It can be understood that this embodiment comprehensively evaluates the recovery capacity of vegetation in soil and water conservation by comprehensively considering multiple dimensions such as vegetation coverage, root depth, and vegetation restoration influence coefficient. Vegetation coverage is an indicator that directly reflects the status of soil protection, and its level is directly related to the risk of soil erosion. The root depth determines the consolidation effect of vegetation on the soil. The deeper the root system, the stronger the soil's ability to resist erosion. The vegetation restoration influence coefficient further quantifies the improvement effect of vegetation restoration on soil stability and soil erosion, which helps us to more deeply understand the important role of vegetation restoration in soil and water conservation.

[0092] This quantitative assessment method not only improves our understanding of vegetation restoration capacity, but also provides an important basis for formulating scientific and reasonable vegetation restoration strategies. By accurately assessing the vegetation restoration capacity of different regions, we can implement vegetation restoration measures in a targeted manner, effectively improve the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, and promote the virtuous cycle and sustainable development of the ecology.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, the warning trigger condition is calculated by the following formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting whether it has reached a high risk state of soil and water loss; E effect (t) represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, reflecting the effectiveness of regional soil and water conservation measures; S score(t) represents the soil stability score, which reflects the soil's ability to resist erosion; V cover (t) represents the vegetation coverage rate, which reflects the coverage capacity of regional vegetation.

[0096] It is understandable that this embodiment accurately sets the early warning triggering conditions by comprehensively considering multiple factors such as regional soil and water conservation efficiency, soil stability score, and vegetation coverage. Regional soil and water conservation efficiency is a key indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of soil and water conservation measures, and its level directly determines whether the region faces a high risk of soil and water loss. The soil stability score further quantifies the soil's anti-erosion ability and provides an important reference for assessing the risk of regional soil and water loss. The vegetation coverage rate intuitively reflects the coverage of regional vegetation, and its changes have an important impact on soil protection and soil and water loss conditions. By incorporating these factors into the calculation formula of the early warning triggering conditions, we can more accurately judge whether the region has reached a high risk state of soil and water loss, and take effective measures to intervene in time, thereby avoiding the occurrence of soil and water loss and protecting the safety and stability of the regional ecological environment. The setting of this early warning triggering condition not only improves our early warning ability for soil and water loss risks, but also provides an important basis for formulating targeted soil and water conservation strategies.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the relationship between the evaluation result of regional water and soil conservation efficiency and the efficiency evaluation result threshold, determining whether to trigger an early warning includes:

[0098] When W warning (t)≥,W threshold When , the judgment result is to trigger an early warning;

[0099] Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency; W threshold Indicates the threshold value of the performance evaluation result.

[0100] It is understandable that in this embodiment, a clear threshold value W of the performance evaluation result is set. threshold , which provides a quantitative standard for judging whether a region triggers an early warning. warning (t) When this threshold is reached or exceeded, the system will determine that the warning state has been triggered, reminding us that we need to pay attention to the risk of soil erosion in the area. The introduction of this judgment mechanism makes the warning process more objective and accurate, avoiding the subjectivity and uncertainty of human judgment. At the same time, it also provides strong support for timely intervention measures, ensuring that effective measures can be taken for prevention and control before risks occur, thereby minimizing the impact of soil erosion on the ecological environment and agricultural production.

[0101] This embodiment also proposes a soil and water conservation monitoring system, which is used to implement the soil and water conservation monitoring method described above. The soil and water conservation monitoring system includes:

[0102] A data acquisition module is used to collect basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters in real time. The basic soil parameters include soil moisture, slope, and slope direction. The real-time environmental parameters include vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall, and runoff.

[0103] A soil stability calculation module, used to calculate soil stability according to the real-time environmental parameters;

[0104] The soil erosion risk assessment module is used to calculate the soil erosion risk based on the calculated soil stability and real-time environmental parameters such as rainfall and runoff;

[0105] Soil stability scoring module, used to calculate soil stability score based on soil erosion risk assessment results;

[0106] Vegetation restoration capacity assessment module, used to assess the vegetation restoration capacity of a region;

[0107] Regional soil and water conservation effectiveness assessment module, which is used to calculate the regional soil and water conservation effectiveness based on soil stability score, vegetation restoration capacity and soil erosion risk assessment results;

[0108] The early warning judgment module is used to determine whether to trigger a soil erosion warning based on parameters such as regional soil and water conservation efficiency and soil stability score.

[0109] It can be seen that this embodiment further proposes a system for soil and water conservation monitoring, which can effectively implement the soil and water conservation monitoring method mentioned above. The soil and water conservation monitoring system mainly includes the following key modules:

[0110] The data acquisition module mainly collects basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters in real time. Basic soil parameters include key indicators such as soil moisture, slope, and slope direction, while real-time environmental parameters include important data such as vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall, and runoff.

[0111] Soil stability calculation module, which calculates soil stability based on the collected real-time environmental parameters. Through accurate calculation, the stability of the soil under the current environmental conditions can be evaluated;

[0112] Soil and water loss risk assessment module, which is responsible for evaluating the risk of soil and water loss using calculated soil stability and real-time environmental parameters such as rainfall and runoff. This assessment is of great significance for preventing and controlling soil and water loss;

[0113] Soil stability scoring module: This module further calculates the soil stability score based on the results of soil erosion risk assessment. This score can intuitively reflect the stability of the soil and provide important reference for decision makers;

[0114] Vegetation Restoration Capacity Assessment Module, whose main task is to assess the vegetation restoration capacity in a specific area. Vegetation restoration capacity is an important indicator to measure the ecological restoration potential of a region;

[0115] Regional water and soil conservation effectiveness assessment module, which integrates soil stability score, vegetation restoration capacity and soil erosion risk assessment results to calculate the water and soil conservation effectiveness of the region. This effectiveness assessment is crucial for formulating effective water and soil conservation strategies;

[0116] The early warning judgment module determines whether it is necessary to trigger a soil erosion warning based on the regional soil and water conservation efficiency, soil stability score and other related parameters. The establishment of an early warning mechanism plays an important role in taking timely measures to prevent soil erosion.

[0117] It can be understood that the soil and water conservation monitoring system proposed in this embodiment realizes comprehensive monitoring and early warning of soil and water loss risks through the collaborative work between various modules. The data acquisition module ensures the real-time and accuracy of the data, providing a solid foundation for subsequent evaluation. The soil stability calculation module, the soil and water loss risk assessment module and the soil stability scoring module together constitute a quantitative assessment system for soil stability and soil and water loss risks, making the assessment results more scientific and reliable. The vegetation restoration capacity assessment module and the regional soil and water conservation efficiency assessment module further consider the ecological restoration potential and the overall soil and water conservation efficiency, providing a more comprehensive basis for formulating targeted soil and water conservation strategies. The early warning judgment module, as the core of the entire system, can trigger early warnings in a timely manner according to the assessment results, winning precious time for timely intervention measures. In summary, the soil and water conservation monitoring system and method proposed in this embodiment not only improve the accuracy and objectivity of soil and water loss risk early warnings, but also provide strong technical support and scientific guidance for soil and water conservation work.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0119] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0121] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for soil and water conservation monitoring, characterized in that: include: Collecting basic soil parameters and real-time environmental parameters, and obtaining soil stability according to the real-time environmental parameters, and assessing the risk of soil erosion according to the soil stability; wherein the real-time environmental parameters include vegetation coverage, root depth, rainfall and runoff; When the assessment result of the soil erosion risk is greater than a preset soil erosion risk threshold, a soil stability score is performed according to the soil stability and soil basic parameters; wherein the soil basic parameters include soil moisture, slope and slope direction; When the soil stability score result is less than the stability score threshold, the vegetation restoration capacity is evaluated according to the real-time environmental parameters; and then the regional soil and water conservation efficiency is evaluated according to the evaluation results of the vegetation restoration capacity, the evaluation results of the soil erosion risk and the real-time environmental parameters; Based on the relationship between the evaluation results of regional soil and water conservation effectiveness and the threshold of effectiveness evaluation results, it is determined whether to trigger an early warning.

2. The soil and water conservation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil stability is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, S soil Indicates soil stability; V cover Indicates vegetation coverage; D roots Indicates the root depth; P rain Indicates rainfall in millimeters; Q runoff Indicates runoff in cubic meters per second; β erosion Represents the empirical coefficient.

3. The soil and water conservation monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil erosion risk is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion; E soil Indicates soil erosion in kilograms per square meter; S soil Indicates soil stability.

4. The soil and water conservation monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil stability score is calculated using the following formula: ； Among them, S score Indicates soil stability score; H soil Represents soil moisture in percentage; θ slope Indicates the slope in degrees; φ aspect Indicates the slope direction, in degrees; γ slope Indicates the influence coefficient of slope on soil stability; δ aspect Represents the influence coefficient of slope aspect on soil stability.

5. The method for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The soil and water conservation efficiency of the region is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, E effect represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency; R erosion Indicates the risk of soil erosion; S score Indicates soil stability score; V cover Represents vegetation coverage; α restore Indicates the influence coefficient of vegetation restoration ability.

6. The method for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil and water loss risk threshold is dynamically adjusted according to historical data and regional characteristics. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ； Among them, R threshold (t) represents the soil and water loss risk threshold; D history (t−i) represents the historical rainfall, runoff, and erosion data in a certain period of time in the past; α i Represents the weight coefficient of historical data.

7. The method for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vegetation restoration capacity is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, C restore Indicates the vegetation recovery capacity; V cover Indicates vegetation coverage, reflecting the protective effect of plants on the soil; D roots Indicates the root depth; β restore Represents the vegetation restoration impact coefficient.

8. The method for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The warning triggering condition is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency; E effect (t) represents the regional soil and water conservation efficiency; S score (t) represents soil stability score; V cover (t) represents the vegetation coverage.

9. The method for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the relationship between the evaluation results of regional soil and water conservation effectiveness and the threshold of effectiveness evaluation results, it is judged whether to trigger an early warning, including: When W warning (t)≥,W threshold When , the judgment result is to trigger an early warning; Among them, W warning (t) represents the evaluation result of regional soil and water conservation efficiency; W threshold Indicates the threshold value of the performance evaluation result.

10. A soil and water conservation monitoring system, characterized in that: Used to implement the soil and water conservation monitoring method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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