A method and device for determining the state of health of a battery

Abstract

This specification provides a method and device for determining the state of health of a battery, which can be used in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Receive a state determination instruction for a target battery; in response to the state determination instruction, determine a target acoustic wave characteristic value according to multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction and the signal characteristic value corresponding to each target received signal; determine a target state characteristic value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the parameters in the relationship formula between the acoustic wave characteristic value and the state characterization value according to the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of the test battery; determine the state of health value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery. Based on the above method, according to the target characterization value mapping rule, the state of health value of the battery can be determined more efficiently and quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to a method and device for determining the state of health of a battery. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electrochemical energy storage, batteries are highly regarded for their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect, and have been widely used in fields such as grid energy storage, new energy vehicles, and electronic devices. However, due to factors such as battery inconsistency and environmental abuse, batteries will inevitably experience aging and attenuation during operation. If not discovered and processed in a timely manner, it may lead to safety accidents. Currently, for the determination of the state of health of batteries, there are still problems of poor real-time performance, low efficiency, and low accuracy.

[0003] In response to the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This specification provides a method and device for determining the state of health of a battery, which solves the problems of long time consumption and poor real-time performance in the existing method for determining the state of health of a battery, and provides a non-destructive, efficient, and low-cost method and device for determining the state of health of a battery to quickly and accurately determine the state of health of the battery.

[0005] This specification provides a method for determining the state of health of a battery, including:

[0006] Receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0007] In response to the state determination instruction, obtaining multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target acoustic wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each target received signal;

[0008] According to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, determining a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0009] According to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value, determining the battery health state value of the target battery.

[0010] In one embodiment, before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the following steps are included:

[0011] Obtain the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the multiple groups of received signals;

[0012] According to the signal characteristic values of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state, determine the acoustic wave characteristic values corresponding to the test battery and each health state;

[0013] According to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, determine the state characterization values corresponding to the test battery and each health state;

[0014] According to the state characterization values corresponding to the test battery and each health state and the acoustic wave characteristic values, perform a fitting process on the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0015] In one embodiment, the signal characteristic values include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor, and the target acoustic wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0016] In one embodiment, determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value includes:

[0017] Determine the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, is the target state characterization value, , , , are the preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform intensities of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0020] In one embodiment, determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery includes:

[0021] Determine the state of health value of the target battery according to the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] wherein, is the state of health value of the target battery, is the target state characterization value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0024] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0025] Determine the impact factor according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Determine the skewness factor according to the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] wherein, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values of the n signal points of the target received signal.

[0030] In one embodiment, the multiple groups of received signals are collected by a plurality of ultrasonic receiving sensors pre-arranged on the test battery according to a preset arrangement rule for the ultrasonic signals emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting sensor; wherein, the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on the preset arrangement rule, and the distance between each ultrasonic receiving sensor and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is the same.

[0031] This specification provides a device for determining the state of health of a battery, including:

[0032] An instruction receiving module, configured to receive a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0033] An instruction response module, configured to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine a target acoustic wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each target received signal;

[0034] A characterization value determination module, configured to determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process on the state characterization values corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic values, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0035] A health state determination module, configured to determine a battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery.

[0036] This specification also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, a battery health state determination method is implemented.

[0037] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed, a battery health state determination method is implemented.

[0038] Based on a method for determining the state of health of a battery provided in this specification, a state determination instruction for a target battery is received; in response to the state determination instruction, multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction are acquired, and a target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each target received signal; according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process based on the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of a test battery, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value, the battery health state value of the target battery is determined. In this way, on the one hand, according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined, so as to determine the health state value of the target battery through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, etc., and while reducing the battery test cost, ensure the accuracy of determining the battery health state. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting based on the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be determined quickly and accurately, thereby improving the determination efficiency and determination accuracy of the battery health state value of the target battery. Compared with the existing health state estimation method based on capacity, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance. Description of the Drawings

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining the state of health of a battery provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of arranging ultrasonic sensors according to a preset arrangement rule provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural composition diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0043] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining the state of health of a battery provided by an embodiment of this specification. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this specification.

[0045] The state of health value (SOH) of a battery can be used to evaluate the degree of battery aging. For example, the ratio of the current maximum available capacity of the battery to the maximum available capacity when the battery is completely healthy can be determined as the SOH. Among them, the current maximum available capacity of the battery can be obtained by charging the battery to a full charge state at a constant current and constant voltage at a constant temperature, then discharging it to the cut-off voltage in a constant current mode, and recording the total ampere-hours during the discharging process. Then, at least 3 charge-discharge cycles are performed. Finally, the average value of the total ampere-hours during the charge-discharge cycle process can be determined as the current maximum available capacity of the battery. However, in the above test process, if an accurate measurement of the current capacity of the battery is required, special test equipment and strict test conditions are needed, such as a constant temperature environment, a standardized charge-discharge program, etc. In addition, since the battery usually operates in a dynamic charge-discharge or shallow charge-discharge state, the above method often cannot be applied in the actual battery service scenario.

[0046] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and non-destructive battery state monitoring method to improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery state of health. This method should be able to monitor in the actual use scenario, without special test equipment and strict test conditions, and at the same time be able to accurately and real-time evaluate the state of health of the battery. Furthermore, potential safety problems can be discovered in time, and corresponding measures can be taken to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery service.

[0047] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the embodiments of this specification provide a method for determining the state of health of a battery. Specifically, this method is specifically applied to the server side. Specifically, this method may include the following content:

[0048] S101: Receive a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0049] S102: In response to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine a target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature values corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0050] S103: Determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave feature value; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process according to the state characterization values and acoustic wave feature values corresponding to the test battery and each health state, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave feature value is determined according to the signal feature values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to the test battery and each health state;

[0051] S104: Determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery.

[0052] Among them, the target battery can be any battery that needs to be monitored for its health state. For example, the target battery can be a lithium-ion battery, such as a square lithium-ion battery or a soft-pack lithium-ion battery, etc.

[0053] Among them, the above multiple groups of target received signals can be collected by a plurality of ultrasonic receiving sensors pre-arranged on the working surface of the target battery according to a preset arrangement rule for the ultrasonic signals emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting sensor.

[0054] Specifically, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor on the target battery can emit ultrasonic signals according to a specific frequency and waveform, and multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors on the target battery will synchronously collect the target received signals. The target received signals can be used to analyze the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves inside the target battery, so as to realize the monitoring and evaluation of key parameters such as the internal structure state and defect position of the battery.

[0055] Among them, the above first initial state characterization value can be a reference value used to evaluate the performance and state of the target battery in the initial state, and the above battery health state value (State of Health, SOH) can be used to evaluate the aging degree of the target battery.

[0056] In some embodiments, receiving the state determination instruction for the target battery, specifically in implementation, may include:

[0057] Determine the monitoring period of the target battery according to the battery type of the target battery, and trigger the state determination instruction for the target battery according to the monitoring period of the target battery.

[0058] For example, the server may obtain a monitoring period corresponding to the battery type of the target battery according to a preset correspondence between the battery type and the monitoring period, where the preset correspondence between the battery type and the monitoring period may be determined based on the historical aging data of different types of batteries. In this way, according to the battery type of the target battery, a status determination instruction for the target battery can be triggered specifically, saving monitoring resources and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0059] In some implementations, to determine the target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature value corresponding to each of the target received signals, specifically, it may include:

[0060] Using a preset feature value extraction model, determine the target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature value corresponding to each of the target received signals.

[0061] Among them, the preset feature value extraction model may be a model constructed according to a preset machine learning algorithm. For example, the preset feature value extraction model may be a model constructed according to machine learning algorithms such as neural network algorithms and Transformer algorithms.

[0062] In addition, before determining the target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature value corresponding to each of the target received signals, specifically, it may further include:

[0063] S1: Perform feature enhancement processing on the target received signal, and perform noise removal processing on the enhanced target received signal to obtain a denoised target received signal;

[0064] S2: Perform signal feature extraction processing on the denoised target received signal to obtain the signal feature value corresponding to the target received signal.

[0065] For example, multi-scale feature enhancement processing may be performed on the target received signal, and denoising processing may be performed on the enhanced target received signal through denoising algorithms such as wavelet transform.

[0066] Specifically, the server may determine a resampling algorithm (such as uniform resampling, random resampling, and sliding window resampling, etc.) for performing feature enhancement processing according to the signal frequency and signal-to-noise ratio of the target received signal, and process the target received signal through the determined resampling algorithm to obtain an enhanced target received signal. Among them, the server may perform feature enhancement and reconstruction processing during the resampling of the target received signal.

[0067] Then, the server may use the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm to perform multi-scale decomposition and denoising processing on the feature-enhanced target received signal.

[0068] In some embodiments, after determining the state of health value of the target battery based on the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery, specifically in implementation, the method may further include:

[0069] In the case where the state of health value of the target battery is less than a preset state of health threshold, determine a protection strategy for the target battery and trigger the execution of the protection strategy.

[0070] Among them, the above protection strategy may include one or more strategies such as limiting the maximum charging current and discharge rate, reducing the thermal load (such as lowering the upper limit of the operating temperature), strengthening anomaly detection (such as monitoring the internal resistance mutation or thermal runaway signal), limiting the voltage, and restricting the use.

[0071] For example, when the SOH of the target battery is lower than 70%, a voltage limit strategy can be executed. For example, the charging voltage of the target battery can be limited to 90% of the rated value, and high-frequency temperature monitoring can be enabled. If the SOH of the target battery is lower than 50%, a restricted use strategy can be executed, that is, the restricted use mode of the target battery can be triggered, and only low-power output is allowed.

[0072] In addition, in the case where the state of health value of the target battery is less than a preset state of health threshold, an alarm message can also be output to the user to prompt the user to replace the target battery or perform maintenance on the target battery, and monitoring data can be provided to the user to support subsequent diagnosis and analysis. Based on the above method, the safety risk can be effectively reduced, and the overuse of aging batteries leading to failures or accidents can be prevented.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, on the one hand, by determining the target acoustic wave characteristic value according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, and determining the state of health value of the target battery through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors can be avoided, and while reducing the battery test cost, the accuracy of determining the state of health of the battery can be ensured. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be determined quickly and accurately, thereby improving the determination efficiency and determination accuracy of the state of health value of the target battery. Compared with the existing capacity-based state of health estimation method, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0074] In some embodiments, before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, specifically in implementation, the method may further include the following:

[0075] S1: Obtain the first battery health state values corresponding to each health state of the test battery, and the multiple groups of received signals;

[0076] S2: Determine the acoustic wave characteristic values corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal characteristic values of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state;

[0077] S3: Determine the state characterization values corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery;

[0078] S4: Perform a fitting process on the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule according to the state characterization values and the acoustic wave characteristic values corresponding to each health state of the test battery, to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, by utilizing the internal relationship between the battery health state and the acoustic wave characteristics, and performing a fitting process on the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule according to the state characterization values and the acoustic wave characteristic values of the test battery in different health states, a target characterization value mapping rule closer to the actual situation can be constructed, which can effectively improve the accuracy and applicability of the target characterization value mapping rule. Thus, through the target characterization value mapping rule, accurate assessment and real-time monitoring of the battery health state can be achieved, measurement errors can be reduced, the reliability and efficiency of health state assessment can be improved, and a scientific basis for battery management and maintenance is provided.

[0080] In some embodiments, the signal characteristic values include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor, and the target acoustic wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0081] Among them, the above waveform intensity may refer to the energy or amplitude size of the acoustic wave signal at the receiving sensor, and can be used to reflect the attenuation degree of the acoustic wave during propagation; the above flight time may refer to the propagation time of the acoustic wave from the ultrasonic transmitting sensor to the ultrasonic receiving sensor; the above impact factor can be used to measure the characteristic value of the sudden peak in the signal waveform, such as the impact factor can be represented by the ratio of the peak value to the average amplitude of the signal; the above skewness factor can be used to describe the statistical characteristic value of the symmetry of the signal waveform shape, and can reflect the skewness degree of the signal amplitude distribution relative to the mean value.

[0082] Specifically, the above signal characteristic values can be used to characterize the propagation characteristics of the acoustic wave signal in the test battery, and multi-dimensional information for analyzing the internal state of the test battery can be provided through the signal characteristic values. For example, the waveform intensity and the flight time can be used to evaluate the material uniformity and integrity of the test battery, the impact factor can be used to evaluate the local defects or damages of the test battery, and the skewness factor can be used to reflect the change in waveform symmetry, so as to reflect the dynamic evolution of the internal microstructure of the test battery.

[0083] In some embodiments, when specifically implementing the method of determining the target state characteristic value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the following contents may further be included:

[0084] Determine the target state characteristic value corresponding to the target battery according to the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] Wherein, is the target state characteristic value, , , , are the preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform intensities of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0087] In some embodiments, when specifically implementing the method of determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characteristic value and the target state characteristic value of the target battery, the following contents may further be included:

[0088] Determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, is the battery health state value of the target battery, is the target state characteristic value, is the first initial state characteristic value.

[0091] In some embodiments, when specifically implementing the method, the following contents may further be included:

[0092] Determine the impact factor according to the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] Determine the skewness factor according to the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] where is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values of the n signal points of the target received signal.

[0097] In some embodiments, the multiple groups of received signals can be obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by an ultrasonic transmitting sensor by a plurality of ultrasonic receiving sensors pre-arranged on the test battery according to a preset arrangement rule; wherein, the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor can be arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on the preset arrangement rule, and the distance between each ultrasonic receiving sensor and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is the same.

[0098] Specifically, for example, as Figure 2 shown, the distance d1 between the ultrasonic receiving sensor 1 and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is equal to the distance d2 between the ultrasonic receiving sensor 2 and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor.

[0099] Among them, the working surfaces of different types of test batteries can be different. For example, for a square hard shell battery, the working surface can be the top of the battery cover or the largest side surface, and for a soft package lithium ion battery, the working surface can be the largest surface of the battery area.

[0100] Among them, the material of the above ultrasonic transmitting sensor can be a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the above ultrasonic receiving sensor can be at least one of an electret, a piezoelectric ceramic, and a (Microelectro Mechanical Systems, MEMS) sensor.

[0101] Among them, the center frequency of the above ultrasonic transmitting sensor can be 50 KHz - 5 MHz.

[0102] Among them, the above preset arrangement rule can be an equally spaced linear arrangement rule, a matrix arrangement rule, a circular arrangement rule, etc., so that the distance between each ultrasonic receiving sensor and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor remains the same through the preset arrangement rule. This arrangement can effectively reduce the measurement error caused by uneven sensor distribution and optimize the signal transmission and reception efficiency.

[0103] For example, in the central area of the working surface of the test battery, ultrasonic transmitters and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers can be arranged symmetrically in a "cross" shape, or, according to the matrix arrangement rule, the ultrasonic emission sensor can be placed at the center of the array, and multiple receiving sensors can be evenly distributed around the ultrasonic transmitter at a fixed grid spacing. Or, according to the circular arrangement rule, the ultrasonic emission sensor can be arranged at the center of the circle, and multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors can be evenly distributed along the circumference to form multi-path coverage.

[0104] Furthermore, the specific preset arrangement rules can be adjusted according to the size, shape, and signal requirements of the test battery. For example, for a larger square battery, the ultrasonic transmitter and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers can be arranged according to the matrix arrangement rule to ensure that the ultrasonic signal can cover the working surface of the test battery and improve the resolution and uniformity of the signal through multi-point acquisition. For cylindrical or irregularly shaped batteries, circular or arc arrangement rules can be adopted. For example, ultrasonic transmitters and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers can be evenly distributed along the surface of the test battery at equal intervals to ensure the symmetry of the acoustic wave propagation path and the stability of the measurement. In addition, to adapt to complex working scenarios, an intelligent arrangement rule with dynamic adjustment can also be introduced to re-optimize the sensor distribution according to the real-time monitoring results, thereby further improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring.

[0105] Furthermore, the arrangement rules of the ultrasonic receiving sensors on the test battery are usually optimized according to the requirements of target detection, signal coverage range, and resolution requirements. Among them, the preset arrangement rules can be regular arrays (such as linear arrangement, rectangular grid, circular array) or irregular distributions (such as random distribution or adaptive distribution) to ensure the comprehensive acquisition of ultrasonic signals in the key areas inside the battery. The preset arrangement rules need to comprehensively consider the sensor spacing, signal propagation path, target resolution, as well as possible structural noise and boundary effects to achieve efficient signal acquisition and accurate assessment of the battery's health status, while avoiding signal overlap or blind spots.

[0106] In this way, by arranging the ultrasonic transmitter and multiple ultrasonic signal receivers according to the preset arrangement rules, not only can the accuracy and coverage of signal acquisition be improved, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of signal transmission, but also the flexible arrangement can adapt to different battery shapes and application scenarios, enhancing the adaptability and sensitivity of the monitoring system. In addition, the accuracy of fault detection can be improved, facilitating the construction of an efficient signal analysis model, and providing reliable support for battery health status assessment, safety guarantee, and lifespan extension.

[0107] As can be seen from the above, a method for determining the state of health of a battery provided by an embodiment of this specification is based on a method for determining the state of health of a battery provided by this specification. A state determination instruction for a target battery is received; in response to the state determination instruction, multiple sets of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction are acquired, and a target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to each target received signal; according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process according to the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of a test battery, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values of multiple sets of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value, the battery health state value of the target battery is determined. In this way, on the one hand, according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined, so that the health state value of the target battery can be determined through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by means such as structural modification or built-in sensors, and while reducing the battery test cost, ensure the accuracy of determining the battery health state. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting based on the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be determined quickly and accurately, thereby improving the determination efficiency and determination accuracy of the battery health state value of the target battery. Compared with the existing health state estimation method based on capacity, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0108] Referring to Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of this specification also provides a specific electronic device. Among them, the electronic device includes a network communication port 301, a processor 302, and a memory 303. The above structures are connected by internal cables so that each structure can perform specific data interaction.

[0109] Among them, the network communication port 301 can specifically be used to receive a state determination instruction for a target battery.

[0110] The processor 302 can specifically be configured to, in response to the status determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the status determination instruction, and determine a target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature values corresponding to each of the target received signals; determine a target status representation value corresponding to the target battery according to a target representation value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave feature value, where the target representation value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process based on the status representation values and acoustic wave feature values corresponding to the test battery in each health state, the status representation value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial status representation value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave feature value is determined according to the signal feature values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to the test battery in each health state; determine the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial status representation value and the target status representation value of the target battery.

[0111] The memory 303 can specifically be configured to store corresponding instruction programs.

[0112] Based on the above method, the related structural performance of the electronic device can be effectively utilized, the data processing speed of the electronic device can be improved, and the method for determining the battery health state can be efficiently implemented.

[0113] In this embodiment, the network communication port 301 can be bound to different communication protocols, so as to send or receive different data, which is a virtual port. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, or a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for mail data communication. In addition, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or a communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM, CDMA, etc.; it can also be a Wifi chip; it can also be a Bluetooth chip.

[0114] In this embodiment, the processor 302 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can be in the form of, for example, a microprocessor or a processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (such as software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, etc. This specification does not make any limitations.

[0115] In this embodiment, the memory 303 may include multiple levels. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory. In an integrated circuit, a circuit with a storage function that has no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc. In a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory module, a TF card, etc.

[0116] This embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above battery health state determination method. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which when executed, implement the following: receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery; in response to the state determination instruction, obtaining multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target acoustic wave feature value according to the signal feature value corresponding to each target received signal; determining a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave feature value, where the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process on the state characterization value and the acoustic wave feature value corresponding to each health state of a test battery, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave feature value is determined according to the signal feature values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value and the target state characterization value of the target battery.

[0117] In this embodiment, the above storage medium includes but is not limited to a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a cache, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a memory card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be set according to the standards specified by the communication protocol and is used for an interface for network connection communication.

[0118] In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0119] Refer to Figure 4 , at the software level, this embodiment of the present specification also provides a battery health state determination device, which specifically may include the following structural modules:

[0120] An instruction receiving module 401, configured to receive a state determination instruction for a target battery;

[0121] An instruction response module 402, configured to, in response to the status determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the status determination instruction, and determine a target acoustic wave feature value according to a signal feature value corresponding to each of the target received signals;

[0122] A characterization value determination module 403, configured to determine a target status characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave feature value; wherein, the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by performing a fitting process according to the status characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave feature value, the status characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value of the test battery and an initial status characterization value, and the acoustic wave feature value is determined according to signal feature values of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery;

[0123] A health state determination module 404, configured to determine a battery health state value of the target battery according to a first initial status characterization value of the target battery and the target status characterization value.

[0124] In some embodiments, before the above-mentioned instruction response module 402, specifically in implementation, obtain the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery, and the multiple groups of received signals; determine the acoustic wave feature value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal feature values of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state; determine the status characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial status characterization value of the test battery; perform a fitting process on preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule according to the status characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave feature value, to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

[0125] In some embodiments, specifically in implementation, the signal feature value includes waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor, and the target acoustic wave feature value is the difference between signal feature values of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0126] In some embodiments, for the above-mentioned characterization value determination module 403, specifically in implementation, determine the target status characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] wherein, is the target status characterization value, 、 、 、 are the preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform intensities of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals.

[0129] In some embodiments, when the above-mentioned health state determination module 404 is specifically implemented, the battery health state value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] where, is the battery health state value of the target battery, is the target state characterization value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0132] In some embodiments, when specifically implemented, it further includes:

[0133] The impact factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula:

[0136]

[0137] where, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, and n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values of the n signal points of the target received signal.

[0138] In some embodiments, when specifically implemented, it further includes: The multiple groups of received signals are collected by a plurality of ultrasonic receiving sensors pre-arranged on the test battery according to a preset arrangement rule for the ultrasonic signals emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting sensor; wherein, the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on the preset arrangement rule, and the distance between each ultrasonic receiving sensor and the ultrasonic transmitting sensor is the same.

[0139] It should be noted that the units, devices, modules, etc. illustrated in the above embodiments can be specifically implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. For the convenience of description, when describing the above devices, they are divided into various modules according to functions and described separately. Of course, when implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules implementing the same function can be realized by the combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0140] As can be seen from the above, based on a battery health state determination device provided by an embodiment of this specification, on the one hand, according to the signal characteristic value corresponding to the target received signal, the target acoustic wave characteristic value is determined, so as to determine the health state value of the target battery through the target acoustic wave characteristic value of the target battery, which can avoid the problem of battery damage caused by structural modification or built-in sensors, etc., and while reducing the battery test cost, ensure the accuracy of battery health state determination. On the other hand, according to the target characterization value mapping rule obtained by fitting the test data (i.e., the state characterization value and the acoustic wave characteristic value) of the test battery, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery can be determined quickly and accurately, thereby improving the determination efficiency and determination accuracy of the battery health state value of the target battery. Compared with the existing health state estimation method based on capacity, it has the advantage of strong real-time performance.

[0141] In a specific scenario example, a battery health state determination method and device provided by this specification can be applied to solve the problems of long time consumption and poor real-time performance in the existing battery health state determination method, and provide a non-destructive, efficient, and low-cost battery health state determination method and device to quickly and accurately determine the health state of the battery. The specific implementation process can include the following content.

[0142] S1: Taking the test battery as shown in Figure 2 as an example, in the central area of the working surface of the test battery, an ultrasonic emission sensor can be arranged, and ultrasonic receiving sensors (i.e., ultrasonic receiving sensor 1 and ultrasonic receiving sensor 2) can be respectively arranged at equal intervals at both ends of the center to ensure that the above three sensors are on the same horizontal line and parallel to the bottom line of the working surface of the test battery;

[0143] S2: Through the ultrasonic excitation module of the ultrasonic emission sensor, emit fixed-frequency excitation pulses, and at the same time collect the received signals received by the ultrasonic reception sensor 1 and the ultrasonic reception sensor 2. After filtering and amplifying the collected multiple groups of received signals, collect the time-domain waveforms corresponding after cycles, and denote them as and respectively, and perform post-processing and analysis on the waveforms;

[0144] S3: Collect multiple groups of received signals of the test battery in different health states, and based on the multiple groups of received signals, determine the signal characteristic values of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state, so as to determine the state characterization values corresponding to the test battery and each health state according to the signal characteristic values. For example, the state characterization value of the test battery can be calculated using the differences in the intensities of the two waveforms, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor.

[0145] Specifically, first, arrange the ultrasonic emission sensor in the central area of the working surface of the battery to be tested, and arrange two ultrasonic reception sensors at both ends equidistantly from the center, ensuring that the sensors are on the same horizontal line and parallel to the bottom line of the working surface; it can be understood that for a square hard-shell battery, the working surface is the top of the battery cover or the largest side surface; for a soft-pack battery, the working surface is the largest surface of the battery; for example, the battery is a square hard-shell battery (with a thickness between 10 mm and 50 mm), and at the same time record the initial intensities of the two waveforms, flight time, impact factor, and skewness factor of the battery, and calculate the differences of the four characteristic values .

[0146] After the ultrasonic pulse is transmitted through the battery by the ultrasonic transmitter, it is received by two ultrasonic receivers, and the ultrasonic transmission signals in different SOH states are collected by the signal acquisition module. After filtering and amplifying the signals, collect the acoustic wave signals corresponding after cycles, and denote them as and respectively, and perform post-processing and analysis on the waveforms.

[0147] Calculate the difference in the intensities of the two ultrasonic waves received after processing, and denote it as ; calculate the difference in the flight times of the two ultrasonic waves received and denote it as ; calculate the difference in the impact factors of the two ultrasonic waves received, and denote it as ; calculate the difference in the flight times of the two ultrasonic waves received, and denote it as .

[0148] In some embodiments, eigenvalue extraction can introduce a multi-scale feature fusion algorithm, such as integrating time-domain features (such as waveform intensity, time of flight), frequency-domain features (such as spectral distribution), and statistical features (such as impact factor, skewness factor), to construct a multi-dimensional feature vector. At the same time, the feature weight calculation method based on information entropy can adaptively adjust the importance of different features, evaluate the discriminative ability of features through information entropy and information gain, and perform weight normalization to optimize the relative contribution of features. In addition, combined with the feature anomaly detection module, outliers and extreme values in the measurement process can be effectively identified and processed to ensure the reliability and accuracy of feature data. This method comprehensively improves the diversity, robustness, and model adaptability of feature extraction, providing a more reliable basic support for subsequent signal analysis and decision-making.

[0149] Determine the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the following formula:

[0150]

[0151] Wherein, is the target state characterization value, , , , are the preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform intensities of the multi-group target received signals, is the difference between the times of flight of the multi-group target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multi-group target received signals, is the difference between the skewness factors of the multi-group target received signals.

[0152] Determine the state of health value of the target battery according to the following formula:

[0153]

[0154] Wherein, is the state of health value of the target battery, is the target state characterization value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0155] In some embodiments, the ambient temperature range during the test process is 15~50°C, and the ambient temperature is kept constant during the test. The central frequencies of the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are 50 KHz - 5 MHz, making it easy to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio transmitted ultrasonic signals. Both the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are focused ultrasonic transducers with a focal length of 1 cm to 4 cm, which can be well matched to the battery thickness. Based on the good directivity and penetrability of ultrasonic waves, there is a potential relationship between the change in the signal characteristic value after the sound wave transmits through the battery and the battery health state. Thus, the characterization parameters of the battery SOH are calculated, and by establishing the relationship between the battery SOH and the change in the characterization parameter value, the battery SOH can be obtained.

[0156] In some embodiments, first, under the condition of 25°C, the battery is subjected to charge and discharge cycles, ultrasonic signals are collected, and the actual SOH at this time is recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0157] Table 1:

[0158]

[0159] Correspond the calculated SOH value containing A, B, C, and D to the actual SOH value and list the four-variable equation;

[0160] Solve the equation to obtain the preset parameters A = 0.152; B = 1.732; C = 8.6; D = 15.113.

[0161] Under this temperature condition, the model equation of the characterization parameter (i.e., the target characterization value mapping rule) is .

[0162] The calculation formula for the battery SOH (i.e., the battery health state value) is:

[0163]

[0164] Where, is the battery health state value of the target battery, is the target state characterization value, is the first initial state characterization value.

[0165] Calculating the SOH values in the above table using this model, it is found that they are close to the actual measurement data.

[0166] Using this model to measure the SOH of the battery after 200 cycles under the conditions of 40°C and 50°C, the test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0167] Table 2:

[0168]

[0169] After the battery was cycled 200 times at 40°C, various parameters were substituted into the model formula to calculate its SOH as 96.2%, and the actual measurement was 95.9%; when measured under the condition of 50°C, the SOH calculated by the model equation was 95.6%, and the actual measurement was 95.3%. The model calculation is relatively close to the actual measurement data, indicating that the formula has high accuracy.

[0170] Based on the above embodiments, by arranging ultrasonic transmitting and receiving sensors on the battery surface to obtain signals for characterization, there is no need to modify the battery structure or install built-in sensors, which has the advantages of non-destructive and low cost. The obtained parameter is the change in the ultrasonic signal characteristic value before and after battery cycling, overcoming the disadvantages of the existing state-of-health estimation method based on capacity that requires a standard test regime or test equipment, with strong real-time performance and being more easily embedded in the battery management system. At the same time, in the present invention, the battery SOH characterization parameter is obtained through a certain calculation formula from the difference between two ultrasonic signal characteristic values, with higher accuracy and being able to reflect the minute changes inside the battery.

[0171] Although this specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, based on conventional or non-creative means, there may be more or fewer operation steps. The step order listed in the embodiments is only one way among many step execution orders and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment). The term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, product or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, product or device. Without further limitation, it does not exclude the existence of additional identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product or device including the said elements. The words "first", "second", etc. are used to denote names and do not represent any specific order.

[0172] Those skilled in the art also know that in addition to implementing the controller in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the controller to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. to achieve the same function. Therefore, such a controller can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be regarded as both software modules for implementing the method and the structures within the hardware component.

[0173] As can be seen from the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc, etc., and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for determining a battery health state, characterized in that: include: receiving a state determination instruction for a target battery; In response to the state determination instruction, acquiring multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determining a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; According to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to the first battery health state value and the initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; Determining a battery health state value of the target battery according to a first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value; The determining, according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery includes: According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined: in, is the target state representation value, A, B, C, D are preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, The difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals; The signal characteristic values ​​include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the method includes: Acquire the first battery health state value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the multiple groups of received signals; Determining the acoustic wave characteristic value corresponding to each health state of the test battery according to the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state; Determine the state characterization value of the test battery corresponding to each health state according to the first battery health state value of the test battery and the initial state characterization value of the test battery; According to the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the preset parameters in the target characterization value mapping rule are fitted to obtain the target characterization value mapping rule.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining the battery health state value of the target battery according to the first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value includes: The battery health status value of the target battery is determined according to the following formula: Wherein, SOH is the battery health status value of the target battery, is the target state representation value, is the first initial state characterization value.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: The impact factor is determined according to the following formula: The skewness factor is determined according to the following formula: in, is the signal value of the i-th point on the target received signal, n is the number of signal points in the target received signal, is the average value of the signal values ​​of n signal points of the target received signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple groups of received signals are obtained by collecting ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic transmitting sensors from multiple ultrasonic receiving sensors that are pre-arranged on the test battery according to preset arrangement rules; wherein the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors are arranged on the working surface of the test battery based on preset arrangement rules, and the distance between each of the ultrasonic receiving sensors and the ultrasonic transmitting sensors is the same.

6. A battery health status determination device, characterized in that: include: An instruction receiving module, used for receiving an instruction for determining the state of a target battery; An instruction response module, configured to respond to the state determination instruction, obtain multiple groups of target received signals carried in the state determination instruction, and determine a target sound wave characteristic value according to a signal characteristic value corresponding to each of the target received signals; A characterization value determination module, used to determine a target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery according to a target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value; wherein the target characterization value mapping rule is obtained by fitting the state characterization value corresponding to each health state of the test battery and the acoustic wave characteristic value, the state characterization value is determined according to a first battery health state value and an initial state characterization value of the test battery, and the acoustic wave characteristic value is determined according to the signal characteristic values ​​of multiple groups of received signals corresponding to each health state of the test battery; A health state determination module, configured to determine a battery health state value of the target battery according to a first initial state characterization value of the target battery and the target state characterization value; The determining, according to the target characterization value mapping rule and the target acoustic wave characteristic value, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery includes: According to the following formula, the target state characterization value corresponding to the target battery is determined: in, is the target state representation value, A, B, C, D are preset parameters, is the difference between the waveform strengths of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the flight times of the multiple groups of target received signals, is the difference between the impact factors of the multiple groups of target received signals, The difference between the skewness factors of the multiple groups of target received signals; The signal characteristic values ​​include waveform intensity, flight time, impact factor and skewness factor, and the target sound wave characteristic value is the difference between the signal characteristic values ​​of the multiple groups of target received signals.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the battery health status determination method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer instructions are stored thereon, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining the battery health status as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

Images