Device and method for reducing explosive excitation noise

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for reducing explosive excitation noise, the device comprises an explosive column, a detonating piece is arranged in the explosive column, the detonating piece can detonate the explosive column, the outer side of the explosive column is sleeved with a pressure-resistant sleeve, a lead is fixedly connected to the detonating piece, and the explosive column is fixedly connected with the pressure-resistant sleeve. And the lead extends out of the side wall of the compression-resistant sleeve. The method has the effects that the intensity of lateral vibration excited by the explosive source is reduced, and noise generated by near-surface vibration is weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and in particular to a device and method for reducing explosive excitation noise. Background Art

[0002] Onshore oil and gas seismic exploration is often located in complex surface areas such as mountains, deserts, and loess plateaus. Explosive sources are the most commonly used excitation sources for onshore seismic exploration. The explosion of explosives generates huge energy, forming a violent shock wave that instantly acts on the surrounding rock and soil. The rock and soil near the explosion area are shattered, forming a severe destructive effect. The remaining small part of the energy propagates to the surrounding areas in the form of medium deformation, forming seismic waves.

[0003] For oil and gas exploration, ground detectors receive seismic waves that propagate upward or laterally from the explosion point. These seismic information are considered noise in oil and gas exploration. Only seismic waves that propagate downward can generate reflected seismic information through the interface of underground media and return to the ground detectors. These are considered effective seismic waves (reflected waves, refracted waves, diffraction waves, cross-section waves, etc.).

[0004] In order to seek the best excitation effect, many scholars have conducted a large number of experiments on factors such as explosive explosion speed, excitation charge dosage, charge column diameter, medium of excitation surrounding rock, excitation well depth, impedance coupling between explosives and surrounding rock, combined excitation, and well sealing methods. The optimal excitation parameters are determined through the seismic signal characteristics obtained from the experimental data.

[0005] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the lateral vibration intensity excited by the explosive source in the prior art is large, and the noise generated by the vibration near the surface is relatively large. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to reduce the intensity of lateral vibrations excited by explosive sources and weaken the noise generated by vibrations near the surface, the present application provides a device for reducing noise excited by explosives.

[0007] The present application provides a device for reducing the noise caused by explosives, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A device for reducing explosive excitation noise includes an explosive column, wherein a detonating component is arranged inside the explosive column, and the detonating component can detonate the explosive column. A pressure-resistant sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the explosive column, and a lead is fixedly connected to the detonating component, and the lead extends from the side wall of the pressure-resistant sleeve.

[0009] Optionally, the present application also discloses a method for reducing explosive excitation noise, comprising:

[0010] S1: Numerical simulation to select appropriate explosive external pressure-resistant casing;

[0011] S2: Field provocation test.

[0012] Optionally, the numerical simulation for selecting a suitable explosive external pressure-resistant casing includes:

[0013] S11: according to the type of explosives used in oil and gas exploration, the size, density and detonation velocity parameters of the explosive column of the explosive source are obtained, and the explosion pressure is obtained according to the relationship between the explosion pressure and the density, detonation velocity, amount and length of the explosive column;

[0014] S12: collecting different types of the pressure-resistant casing, obtaining parameters of the tensile strength, casing outer diameter, and casing wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing, and calculating the maximum pressure strength that different types of pressure-resistant casing can withstand and the initial impact pressure of the pressure-resistant casing wall;

[0015] S13: Select a pressure-resistant casing according to the peak pressure of the explosive column, the outer diameter of the explosive column and the total length of all explosive columns.

[0016] Optionally, the field provocation test includes:

[0017] S21: Select the explosive excitation test location for oil and gas exploration, drill the excitation well according to the test requirements, and arrange equally spaced detectors to receive and monitor the vibration amplitude of the seismic waves generated by the explosive excitation;

[0018] S22: The explosive column to be used is loaded into the selected pressure-resistant casing and fixed, placed in the excitation well, and the well is sealed with rock and soil, the detonating element detonates the explosive column, and a group of equally spaced geophones are used to record the vibration amplitude of the ground;

[0019] S23: directly connect the used explosive columns and place them in another excitation well nearby, and fill the well with rock and soil, detonate the explosive columns with the detonating element, and record the vibration amplitude of the ground with a group of equally spaced detectors;

[0020] S24: Analyze the amplitude spectrum of the 200ms period below the first arrival wave recorded twice by the detector at the same distance to obtain the amplitude strength of different frequencies, judge the effect of open hole explosion of explosive column and pressure casing added to explosive column on reducing the vibration of near-surface rock and soil, and adjust the reasonable excitation charge and pressure casing parameters.

[0021] Optionally, in S13, the pressure-resistant casing can withstand a pressure greater than an initial impact pressure of the pressure-resistant casing wall.

[0022] Optionally, the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant casing is larger than the outer diameter of the explosive column.

[0023] Optionally, the calculation formula of the explosion pressure is:

[0024]

[0025] Where: P e is the explosion pressure, v is the detonation velocity of the explosive, t is the explosion time, ρ is the density of the explosive, L is the total length of the explosive column, and d is the outer diameter of the explosive column.

[0026] Optionally, the maximum pressure strength that the pressure-resistant casing can withstand is calculated as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Where: P a is the maximum pressure strength; σ is the tensile strength; H is the wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing; D is the outer diameter of the pressure-resistant casing.

[0029] Optionally, the calculation formula for the initial pressure impact of the pressure-resistant casing wall is:

[0030]

[0031] Where: P r is the initial impact pressure; D is the outer diameter of the pressure-resistant casing; H is the wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing; d is the outer diameter of the charge.

[0032] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. By establishing the explosive property parameters, the explosive source column is placed in the pressure-resistant casing to quickly attenuate the lateral pressure of the explosive explosion, reduce the vibration intensity of the medium near the surrounding rock, and reduce the near-surface excitation noise.

[0034] 2. The excitation of explosives in the casing can also enhance the downward energy intensity of the explosive explosion, thereby covering the effect of the explosive excitation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for reducing explosive excitation noise in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for reducing explosive excitation noise in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of selecting a suitable external casing for explosives by numerical simulation of a method for reducing explosive excitation noise in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a field excitation test of a method for reducing explosive excitation noise in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. pressure-resistant casing; 2. explosive column; 3. detonator; 4. fuse; 5. filling material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0041] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0043] The present application embodiment discloses a device for reducing the noise of explosive excitation. Figure 1 A device for reducing the noise of explosive excitation includes a pressure-resistant casing 1, which is a hollow cylindrical structure. An explosive column 2 is arranged inside the pressure-resistant casing 1, and a detonator 3 is buried in the explosive column 2. The detonator 3 is used to detonate the explosive column 2. A lead 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the detonator 3, and the detonation of the detonator 3 is controlled by the lead 4.

[0044] The pressure-resistant casing 1 is placed in a well, a filler 5 is buried in the well, and a lead 4 extends out of the well.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 The present application also provides a method for reducing explosive excitation noise, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1: Numerical simulation to select appropriate explosives and external pressure-resistant casing 1;

[0047] S2: Field provocation test.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , wherein the numerical simulation of selecting suitable explosives for external pressure-resistant casing 1 includes the following steps:

[0049] S11: According to the type of explosives used in oil and gas exploration, the size, density, detonation velocity and other parameters of the explosive column 2 of the earthquake source are obtained, and the explosion pressure is calculated according to the relationship between the explosion pressure and the density, detonation velocity, amount and length of the explosive column 2.

[0050] The calculation formula of explosion pressure is:

[0051]

[0052] Where: P eis the explosion pressure, v is the detonation velocity of the explosive, t is the explosion time, ρ is the density of the explosive, L is the total length of the explosive, and d is the outer diameter of the explosive column.

[0053] S12: Collect different types of pressure-resistant casing 1, such as steel pipes, rubber pipes, etc., obtain parameters such as tensile strength σ, casing outer diameter D, casing wall thickness H, etc. of the pressure-resistant casing 1, and calculate the maximum pressure strength P that different types of pressure-resistant casing 1 can withstand a And the initial impact pressure P of the pressure-resistant casing 1 wall r The calculation formula is as follows;

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] S13: According to the peak pressure of the explosive column 2, the outer diameter of the explosive column 2 and the total length of all the explosive columns 2, a pressure-resistant casing 1 is selected, which can withstand a pressure greater than the initial impact pressure of the wall of the pressure-resistant casing 1, and the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant casing 1 is greater than the outer diameter of the explosive column 2, that is:

[0057] P a >P r

[0058] d <D-H

[0059] In one embodiment, the explosive parameters used in a certain work area are as follows: the explosive detonation velocity v is 4000m / s, t is the explosion action time 0.006s, ρ is the explosive density 0.0011kg / m3, L is the total length of the explosive column 2 1.2m, d is the outer diameter of the explosive column 0.06m, and the explosion pressure is calculated as follows:

[0060]

[0061] From the collected materials for the pressure-resistant casing 1, a steel pipe material is found, whose tensile strength σ is 840MPa, the outer diameter D of the casing is 0.135m, and the wall thickness H of the casing is 0.015m. Calculate the maximum strength P that the pressure-resistant casing 1 can withstand a And the initial impact pressure P of the pressure-resistant casing 1 wall r ,as follows

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] According to the calculation results of the selected steel pipe material, the maximum pressure that the steel pipe material can withstand is greater than the maximum pressure that the steel pipe wall can withstand, and the inner diameter of the casing is greater than the outer diameter of the explosive column 2.

[0065] P a(186MPa)>P r (178MPa)

[0066] d(0.06m) <D-H(0.12m)

[0067] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 The field challenge test includes the following steps:

[0068] S21: Select the location of the explosive column 2 excitation test for oil and gas exploration, drill an excitation well of a certain depth according to the test requirements, and arrange a certain length of equally spaced detectors to receive and monitor the vibration amplitude strength of the seismic wave generated by the explosive column 2;

[0069] S22: The explosive column 2 used is loaded into the selected pressure-resistant casing 1 and fixed, and is placed in the excitation well, and the well is sealed with rock and soil, and the detonator 3 detonates the explosive column 2, and a group of equally spaced geophones record the vibration amplitude of the ground;

[0070] S23: directly connect the used explosive column 2 and place it in another excitation well nearby, and fill the well with rock and soil, detonate the explosive column 2 with a detonator 3, and record the vibration amplitude of the ground with a group of equally spaced detectors;

[0071] S24: Analyze the amplitude spectra of the 200ms time period below the first arrival wave recorded twice by the detector at the same distance to obtain the amplitude strength of different frequencies, judge the effect of the open hole explosion of the explosive column 2 and the pressure casing 1 outside the explosive column 2 on reducing the vibration of the near-surface rock and soil, adjust the reasonable excitation amount and parameters of the pressure casing 1, reduce the vibration of the near-surface rock and soil, and improve the excitation effect.

[0072] In the present invention, the term "plurality" means at least two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Claims

1. A device for reducing noise caused by explosives, characterized in that: The invention comprises an explosive column (2), wherein a detonating element is arranged inside the explosive column (2), and the detonating element can detonate the explosive column (2); a pressure-resistant sleeve (1) is sleeved on the outer side of the explosive column (2); a lead (4) is fixedly connected to the detonating element, and the lead (4) extends from the side wall of the pressure-resistant sleeve (1).

2. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise, characterized in that: The device for reducing explosive excitation noise as claimed in claim 1, the method comprising: S1: Numerical simulation to select a suitable explosive external pressure-resistant casing (1); S2: Field provocation test.

3. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 2, characterized in that: The numerical simulation for selecting a suitable explosive external pressure-resistant casing includes: S11: according to the type of explosive column (2) used for oil and gas exploration, the size, density and detonation velocity parameters of the explosive column (2) of the explosive source are obtained, and according to the relationship between the explosion pressure and the density of the explosive, the detonation velocity and the amount of explosives, and the length of the explosive column (2), the explosion pressure is obtained; S12: collecting different types of the pressure-resistant casing (1), obtaining parameters of the tensile strength, outer diameter and wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing (1), and calculating the maximum pressure strength that different types of pressure-resistant casing (1) can withstand and the initial impact pressure of the wall of the pressure-resistant casing (1); S13: Select a pressure-resistant casing (1) according to the peak pressure of the explosive column (2), the outer diameter of the explosive column (2) and the total length of all the explosive columns (2).

4. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 2, characterized in that: The field provocation test includes: S21: Select the explosive excitation test location for oil and gas exploration, drill the excitation well according to the test requirements, and arrange equally spaced detectors to receive and monitor the vibration amplitude of the seismic waves generated by the explosive excitation; S22: The explosive column (2) is loaded into the selected pressure-resistant casing (1) and fixed, placed in the excitation well, and the well is sealed with rock and soil. The detonating element detonates the explosive column (2), and a group of equally spaced geophones are used to record the vibration amplitude of the ground; S23: directly connect the used explosive column (2) and place it in another excitation well nearby, and fill the well with rock and soil, detonate the explosive column (2) with the detonating element, and record the vibration amplitude of the ground with a group of equally spaced detectors; S24: Analyze the amplitude spectrum of the time period 200ms below the first arrival wave recorded twice by the detector at the same distance to obtain the amplitude strength of different frequencies, judge the effect of open hole explosion of explosive column (2) and the effect of explosive column (2) plus pressure casing (1) on reducing the vibration of near-surface rock and soil, and adjust the reasonable excitation charge and pressure casing (1) parameters.

5. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S13, the pressure-resistant casing (1) can withstand a pressure greater than the initial impact pressure of the wall of the pressure-resistant casing (1).

6. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure-resistant casing (1) is greater than the outer diameter of the explosive column (2).

7. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the explosion pressure is: Where: P e is the explosion pressure, v is the detonation velocity of the explosive, t is the explosion time, ρ is the density of the explosive, L is the total length of the explosive column, and d is the outer diameter of the explosive column.

8. The method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the maximum pressure strength that the pressure-resistant casing (1) can withstand is: Where: P a is the maximum pressure strength; σ is the tensile strength; H is the wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing; D is the outer diameter of the pressure-resistant casing.

9. A method for reducing explosive excitation noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the initial pressure impact on the wall of the pressure-resistant casing (1) is: Where: P r is the initial impact pressure; D is the outer diameter of the pressure-resistant casing; H is the wall thickness of the pressure-resistant casing; d is the outer diameter of the charge.

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