Flight low-altitude wind shear early warning method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and discloses a flight low-altitude wind shear early warning method. A meteorological data set and an environment data set are collected and preprocessed, the meteorological data set comprises wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environment data set comprises terrain height data and surface roughness data; processing the meteorological data set and the environment data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and classifying the wind shear prediction reference value to obtain a wind shear prediction result; analyzing the wind shear prediction result to obtain a wind shear decision result; the wind shear decision-making result is displayed, the meteorological information in the designated area on the ground is inquired by being connected with the ground meteorological management platform, and on the whole, the method has the remarkable advantages of being high in auxiliary prediction capacity, good in auxiliary decision-making effect and capable of greatly improving the flight safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and more specifically, to a method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear of a flight. Background Art

[0002] Wind shear is an atmospheric phenomenon, which refers to the change of wind vector (wind direction, wind speed) in horizontal and / or vertical distance in the air. Wind shear can be divided into horizontal wind shear, vertical wind shear and vertical wind shear according to wind direction. The existence of vertical wind shear can cause damage to bridges, high-rise buildings and aviation. Wind shear occurring at low altitude is an important risk factor during the takeoff and landing phases of an aircraft, and is known as the "invisible killer". With the rapid development of my country's economy in recent years, aviation, as a highly efficient means of travel, has also been used by the vast majority of people in my country. During the aviation process, it is easily affected by various factors. Among them, wind shear, as an atmospheric phenomenon, can easily become a major risk factor for aviation flight.

[0003] The patent with application publication number CN115862388B discloses a method, device, equipment and storage medium for low-altitude wind shear warning of flights. The method obtains the wind shear warning point of the target airport through the flight approach procedure of the target airport, and then receives the ADS-B message sent by the target flight, and tracks the position of the target flight in real time according to the ADS-B message. When it is detected that the target flight passes through the wind shear warning point and there is currently low-altitude wind shear at the target airport, a low-altitude wind shear warning is issued. Therefore, when the above method realizes the low-altitude wind shear warning function of flights, a low-altitude wind shear warning is only issued when both the target flight passes through the wind shear warning point and there is currently low-altitude wind shear at the target airport, thereby reducing the false alarm rate.

[0004] However, although the above-mentioned low-altitude wind shear warning method, device, equipment and storage medium for flights have a certain degree of warning effect on ground wind shear through the meteorological data provided by the ground, it is difficult to solve the rapid response required by the staff when facing wind shear during flight takeoff and landing. Usually, wind shear will cause certain shaking, stalling or pushing to the aircraft. Such emergencies can easily make people lose their ability to think in a short period of time, making it difficult to quickly respond to wind shear by changing the fuselage state, which can easily lead to major flight accidents.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a flight low-altitude wind shear warning method to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition module is used to collect meteorological data sets and environmental data sets and perform preprocessing. The meteorological data sets include wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data sets include terrain height data and surface roughness data.

[0008] Furthermore, the method of collecting the meteorological data set and the environmental data set includes:

[0009] By installing a wind speed gradiometer, the wind speed at a preset height in a specified area is collected to obtain wind speed data;

[0010] By connecting to the meteorological platform, the rate of temperature change with altitude in the specified area is collected to obtain atmospheric stability data;

[0011] By installing a laser rangefinder, the terrain height in the specified area is collected to obtain terrain height data;

[0012] By installing a laser scanner, the roughness index of the ground undulation in the specified area is collected to obtain the surface roughness data;

[0013] The preprocessing methods include data cleaning, data denoising and data normalization;

[0014] A data processing module is used to process the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and to classify and obtain a wind shear prediction result;

[0015] Furthermore, the steps of processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set include:

[0016] Q1: By substituting into the calculation formula: Get the wind shear reference value, where Aa is the vertical shear coefficient of wind speed, Ab is the wind speed at the reference height, Ac is the wind speed data, Ad is the reference height, and Ae is the correction coefficient;

[0017] Q2: Collect K groups of historical wind shear reference values ​​as sample sets, and divide the sample sets into 70% K training sets, 15% K test sets, and 15% K validation sets;

[0018] Q3: Establish a wind shear classification model based on the training set, obtain the historical wind shear reference value in the training set, preset the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and randomly select three data points in the training set as the primary cluster centers, representing the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3 respectively;

[0019] Q4: By substituting the formula Get the distance between data items, calculate the distance between the data items in the training set and the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and assign the data items to the nearest primary cluster center to obtain three intermediate cluster centers, where x and y are the coordinate values ​​of the data points, xb and yb are the values ​​of the two data points on b sub-data items, and m is the number of primary cluster centers;

[0020] Q5: Calculate the mean of the three intermediate cluster centers respectively and calculate them again as the new primary cluster centers;

[0021] Q6: Repeat Q4 and Q5 until the preset number of iterations is reached to obtain a wind shear degree classification model;

[0022] Q7: Input the wind shear reference value into the wind shear degree classification model, and output the wind shear prediction reference value;

[0023] Further, the classification methods include:

[0024] A preset intensity threshold interval (W1, W2) is provided. When the wind shear prediction reference value is less than W1, a caution signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W1 and less than W2, a warning signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W2, an emergency warning signal is generated.

[0025] A caution signal contains a set of fields representing low wind shear intensity, a warning signal contains a set of fields representing moderate wind shear intensity, and an emergency warning signal contains a set of fields representing high wind shear intensity;

[0026] Pack caution signals, warning signals and emergency warning signals to obtain wind shear forecast results;

[0027] The wind shear warning module is used to analyze the wind shear prediction results and obtain the wind shear decision results;

[0028] Further, the wind shear prediction results are analyzed in the following ways:

[0029] When the wind shear prediction result is a caution signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is a warning signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is an emergency warning signal, an emergency warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit;

[0030] The attention message includes an explanation that the front is about to enter a low-speed wind shear area, reminding staff to prepare countermeasures, listen to ground weather reports, and pay close attention to whether the instrument is in an abnormal state;

[0031] The warning message includes an explanation that the aircraft is about to enter a medium-speed wind shear area. During the takeoff phase, the crew is required to be alert to airspeed fluctuations, use maximum takeoff thrust, and read the deviation of the vertical flight track instrument. During the landing phase, the crew is required to choose a runway that can avoid the wind shear area, increase the appropriate amount of airspeed correction, or increase the airspeed suddenly.

[0032] The emergency warning message includes a description of the strong wind shear area ahead, requiring the crew to temporarily suspend the flight during the take-off phase, and requiring the crew to stop landing and perform a go-around during the landing phase;

[0033] Pack attention SMS, warning SMS and emergency warning SMS to get wind shear decision results;

[0034] The user interface module is used to display the wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform;

[0035] Further, S1: collecting a meteorological data set and an environmental data set, and preprocessing them, the meteorological data set includes wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data set includes terrain height data and surface roughness data;

[0036] S2: Processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and classifying them to obtain a wind shear prediction result;

[0037] S3: Analyze the wind shear prediction results to obtain wind shear decision results;

[0038] S4: Display wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform.

[0039] The technical effects and advantages of the low-altitude wind shear warning method for flights of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] The present invention processes the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain the wind shear prediction reference value, which can assist the staff to predict the occurrence of wind shear and determine the intensity of wind shear. The wind shear decision result obtained by analyzing the wind shear prediction result can assist the staff to quickly complete the response measures according to the intensity of wind shear, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of flight accidents. Through the established user interface module, the intensity and location of wind shear can be displayed, reminded and queried, which greatly reduces the safety threat of wind shear to aircraft. Generally speaking, the present invention has the significant advantages of strong auxiliary prediction ability, good auxiliary decision effect and greatly improved flight safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear for flights. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] See also Figure 1 As shown, a low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights described in this embodiment includes:

[0046] The data acquisition module is used to collect meteorological data sets and environmental data sets and perform preprocessing. The meteorological data sets include wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data sets include terrain height data and surface roughness data.

[0047] Furthermore, the methods for collecting meteorological data sets and environmental data sets include:

[0048] By installing a wind speed gradiometer, the wind speed at a preset height in a specified area is collected to obtain wind speed data;

[0049] By connecting to the meteorological platform, the rate of temperature change with altitude in the specified area is collected to obtain atmospheric stability data;

[0050] By installing a laser rangefinder, the terrain height in the specified area is collected to obtain terrain height data;

[0051] By installing a laser scanner, the roughness index of the ground undulation in the specified area is collected to obtain the surface roughness data;

[0052] The preprocessing methods include data cleaning, data denoising and data normalization;

[0053] A data processing module is used to process the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and to classify and obtain a wind shear prediction result;

[0054] Further, the steps of processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set include:

[0055] Q1: By substituting into the calculation formula: Get the wind shear reference value, where Aa is the vertical shear coefficient of wind speed, Ab is the wind speed at the reference height, Ac is the wind speed data, Ad is the reference height, and Ae is the correction coefficient;

[0056] It should be explained that the vertical shear coefficient of wind speed is the value obtained by weighted multiplication of atmospheric stability data and surface roughness data, and the correction coefficient is the correction value composed of time change, wind direction change, atmospheric stability data, terrain height data and surface roughness data;

[0057] Q2: Collect K groups of historical wind shear reference values ​​as sample sets, and divide the sample sets into 70% K training sets, 15% K test sets, and 15% K validation sets;

[0058] Q3: Establish a wind shear classification model based on the training set, obtain the historical wind shear reference value in the training set, preset the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and randomly select three data points in the training set as the primary cluster centers, representing the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3 respectively;

[0059] Q4: By substituting the formula Get the distance between data items, calculate the distance between the data items in the training set and the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and assign the data items to the nearest primary cluster center to obtain three intermediate cluster centers, where x and y are the coordinate values ​​of the data points, xb and yb are the values ​​of the two data points on b sub-data items, and m is the number of primary cluster centers;

[0060] Q5: Calculate the mean of the three intermediate cluster centers respectively and calculate them again as the new primary cluster centers;

[0061] Q6: Repeat Q4 and Q5 until the preset number of iterations is reached to obtain a wind shear degree classification model;

[0062] Q7: Input the wind shear reference value into the wind shear degree classification model, and output the wind shear prediction reference value;

[0063] Further classification methods include:

[0064] A preset intensity threshold interval (W1, W2) is provided. When the wind shear prediction reference value is less than W1, a caution signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W1 and less than W2, a warning signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W2, an emergency warning signal is generated.

[0065] A caution signal contains a set of fields representing low wind shear intensity, a warning signal contains a set of fields representing moderate wind shear intensity, and an emergency warning signal contains a set of fields representing high wind shear intensity;

[0066] Pack caution signals, warning signals and emergency warning signals to obtain wind shear forecast results;

[0067] The wind shear warning module is used to analyze the wind shear prediction results and obtain the wind shear decision results;

[0068] Further, the methods for analyzing the wind shear prediction results include:

[0069] When the wind shear prediction result is a caution signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is a warning signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is an emergency warning signal, an emergency warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit;

[0070] The attention message includes an explanation that the front is about to enter a low-speed wind shear area, reminding staff to prepare countermeasures, listen to ground weather reports, and pay close attention to whether the instrument is in an abnormal state;

[0071] The warning message includes an explanation that the aircraft is about to enter a medium-speed wind shear area. During the takeoff phase, the crew is required to be alert to airspeed fluctuations, use maximum takeoff thrust, and read the deviation of the vertical flight track instrument. During the landing phase, the crew is required to choose a runway that can avoid the wind shear area, increase the appropriate amount of airspeed correction, or increase the airspeed suddenly.

[0072] The emergency warning message includes a description of the strong wind shear area ahead, requiring the crew to temporarily suspend the flight during the take-off phase, and requiring the crew to stop landing and perform a go-around during the landing phase;

[0073] Pack attention SMS, warning SMS and emergency warning SMS to get wind shear decision results;

[0074] The user interface module is used to display the wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform;

[0075] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are that the wind shear prediction reference value obtained by processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set can assist the staff in predicting the occurrence of wind shear and determining the intensity of wind shear. The wind shear decision result obtained by analyzing the wind shear prediction result can assist the staff in quickly completing response measures based on the intensity of wind shear, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of flight accidents. Through the established user interface module, the intensity and location of wind shear can be displayed, reminded and queried, greatly reducing the safety threat of wind shear to aircraft. Generally speaking, the present invention has the significant advantages of strong auxiliary prediction capability, good auxiliary decision effect and greatly improved flight safety.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] See also Figure 2 As shown, the part not described in detail in this embodiment is described in Example 1, and a method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear of a flight is provided, including: S1: collecting a meteorological data set and an environmental data set, and preprocessing them, the meteorological data set includes wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data set includes terrain height data and surface roughness data;

[0078] S2: Processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and classifying them to obtain a wind shear prediction result;

[0079] S3: Analyze the wind shear prediction results to obtain wind shear decision results;

[0080] S4: Display wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the operation mode of the above-mentioned low-altitude wind shear warning method for flights is implemented.

[0083] Since the electronic device introduced in this embodiment is an electronic device used to implement a method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear for a flight in the embodiment of this application, based on the method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear for a flight introduced in the embodiment of this application, a person skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation of the electronic device of this embodiment and its various variations, so how the electronic device implements the method in the embodiment of this application is not described in detail here. As long as a person skilled in the art implements an electronic device used in a method for early warning of low-altitude wind shear for a flight in the embodiment of this application, it belongs to the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0085] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technical users in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect meteorological data sets and environmental data sets and perform preprocessing. The meteorological data sets include wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data sets include terrain height data and surface roughness data. A data processing module is used to process the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and to classify and obtain a wind shear prediction result; The wind shear warning module is used to analyze the wind shear prediction results and obtain the wind shear decision results; The user interface module is used to display the wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform.

2. A low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights according to claim 1, characterized in that: Methods for collecting meteorological and environmental datasets include: By installing a wind speed gradiometer, the wind speed at a preset height in a specified area is collected to obtain wind speed data; By connecting to the meteorological platform, the rate of temperature change with altitude in the specified area is collected to obtain atmospheric stability data; By installing a laser rangefinder, the terrain height in the specified area is collected to obtain terrain height data; By installing a laser scanner, the roughness index of the ground undulation in the specified area is collected to obtain the surface roughness data; The preprocessing methods include data cleaning, data denoising and data normalization.

3. A low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps for processing meteorological and environmental datasets include: Q1: By substituting into the calculation formula: Get the wind shear reference value, where Aa is the vertical shear coefficient of wind speed, Ab is the wind speed at the reference height, Ac is the wind speed data, Ad is the reference height, and Ae is the correction coefficient; Q2: Collect K groups of historical wind shear reference values ​​as sample sets, and divide the sample sets into 70% K training sets, 15% K test sets, and 15% K validation sets; Q3: Establish a wind shear classification model based on the training set, obtain the historical wind shear reference value in the training set, preset the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and randomly select three data points in the training set as the primary cluster centers, representing the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3 respectively; Q4: By substituting the formula Get the distance between data items, calculate the distance between the data items in the training set and the low-speed data cluster M1, medium-speed data cluster M2 and high-speed data cluster M3, and assign the data items to the nearest primary cluster center to obtain three intermediate cluster centers, where x and y are the coordinate values ​​of the data points, xb and yb are the values ​​of the two data points on b sub-data items, and m is the number of primary cluster centers; Q5: Calculate the mean of the three intermediate cluster centers respectively and calculate them again as the new primary cluster centers; Q6: Repeat Q4 and Q5 until the preset number of iterations is reached to obtain a wind shear degree classification model; Q7: Input the wind shear reference value into the wind shear degree classification model, and output the wind shear prediction reference value.

4. A low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights according to claim 3, characterized in that: The classification methods include: A preset intensity threshold interval (W1, W2) is provided. When the wind shear prediction reference value is less than W1, a caution signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W1 and less than W2, a warning signal is generated. When the wind shear prediction reference value is greater than W2, an emergency warning signal is generated. A caution signal contains a set of fields representing low wind shear intensity, a warning signal contains a set of fields representing moderate wind shear intensity, and an emergency warning signal contains a set of fields representing high wind shear intensity; Package caution signals, warning signals and emergency warning signals to get wind shear forecast results.

5. A low-altitude wind shear warning system for flights according to claim 4, characterized in that: Methods for analyzing wind shear forecast results include: When the wind shear prediction result is a caution signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is a warning signal, a warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; when the wind shear prediction result is an emergency warning signal, an emergency warning SMS is sent to the staff receiving end through the communication unit; The attention message includes an explanation that the front is about to enter a low-speed wind shear area, reminding staff to prepare countermeasures, listen to ground weather reports, and pay close attention to whether the instrument is in an abnormal state; The warning message includes an explanation that the aircraft is about to enter a medium-speed wind shear area. During the takeoff phase, the crew is required to be alert to airspeed fluctuations, use maximum takeoff thrust, and read the deviation of the vertical flight track instrument. During the landing phase, the crew is required to choose a runway that can avoid the wind shear area, increase the appropriate amount of airspeed correction, or increase the airspeed suddenly. The emergency warning message includes a description of the strong wind shear area ahead, requiring the crew to temporarily suspend the flight during the take-off phase, and requiring the crew to stop landing and perform a go-around during the landing phase; Pack attention SMS, warning SMS and emergency warning SMS to get wind shear decision results.

6. A flight low-altitude wind shear warning method, implemented according to any one of the flight low-altitude wind shear warning systems described in claims 1-5, characterized in that: S1: Collect meteorological data sets and environmental data sets and perform preprocessing. The meteorological data sets include wind speed data and atmospheric stability data, and the environmental data sets include terrain height data and surface roughness data. S2: Processing the meteorological data set and the environmental data set to obtain a wind shear prediction reference value, and classifying them to obtain a wind shear prediction result; S3: Analyze the wind shear prediction results to obtain wind shear decision results; S4: Display wind shear decision results and query the meteorological information in the specified area on the ground by connecting to the ground meteorological management platform.

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