Radiating unit and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a radiation unit and a base station antenna. The radiation unit comprises a radiation body and a feed structure, the feed structure is connected to one side of the radiation body and comprises a balun and a feed core, a first feed cavity is formed in the balun, and the feed core is at least partially inserted in the first feed cavity and used for feeding a feed signal input from the outside into the radiation body; a first through hole communicated with the first feed cavity is formed in the side wall of the balun; and the phase shifting medium is at least partially inserted into the first feed cavity in a sliding manner from the first through hole along a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to the plane where the radiator is located. The phase shifting medium is located on one side of the feed structure, the space dimension below the radiator is fully utilized, the feed structure and the phase shifting medium are integrated, the phase of the radiation unit can be adjusted, and miniaturization of the antenna is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a radiation unit and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] The spatial resources of base station antennas are extremely limited. Many radiating units of different frequencies need to be in the same array, and different feeding networks also need to be integrated into the same base station antenna. These accelerations have led to the space inside the antenna becoming smaller and smaller. In addition, with the industry trend of the development of antenna miniaturization, a technical solution to the problem of limited internal space in the antenna is urgently required. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problem or at least partially solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a radiation unit and a base station antenna.

[0004] The first aspect of the present application provides a radiation unit, comprising:

[0005] Radiators,

[0006] A feeding structure, wherein the feeding structure is connected to one side of the radiator, and the feeding structure comprises a balun and a feeding core, a first feeding cavity is formed in the balun, and the feeding core is at least partially inserted in the first feeding cavity, and is used to feed an externally input feeding signal to the radiator; a first through hole communicating with the first feeding cavity is provided on a side wall of the balun;

[0007] A phase shifting medium, comprising a plug-in structure and a connecting portion, wherein at least a portion of the plug-in structure is slidably inserted from the first through hole into the first feeding cavity along a first direction; the connecting portion is located outside the first feeding cavity and fixedly connected to the plug-in structure;

[0008] A transmission structure, wherein the transmission structure moves along a second direction, a slide groove is provided on the transmission structure, the slide groove is arranged at an angle with the second direction, and the connecting part can be slidably arranged in the slide groove to drive the phase-shifting medium to move along the first direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are parallel to the plane where the radiator is located.

[0009] In some embodiments, the transmission structure includes a first connecting plate, the first connecting plate is inclined relative to the second direction, and the sliding groove is arranged on the first connecting plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the transmission structure also includes a second connecting plate, which is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate along the second direction, and the second connecting plate is parallel to the second direction. A second through hole is provided on the second connecting plate, and the second through hole is connected to the slide groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connecting portion includes a connecting rod and a connecting head, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting head is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting rod, and the connecting head passes through the second through hole so that the connecting rod can enter the slide groove and slide with the slide groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple first feeding cavities, each of which has a feeding core, and the number of the plug-in structures is equal to that of the first feeding cavities, and the plug-in structures are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first feeding cavities.

[0013] In some embodiments, the feed core includes a first feed part and a second feed part connected to each other, the first feed part is connected to the radiator, the second feed part is arranged in the first feed cavity, and the second feed part is arranged in a serpentine shape along the length direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plug-in structure includes a main body portion and a plug-in mating portion, the plug-in mating portion is arranged on a side of the main body portion facing away from the connecting portion, a plug-in slot opened along a first direction is formed on the plug-in mating portion, and the second feeding portion is located in the plug-in slot.

[0015] In some embodiments, a depth of the plugging slot along the first direction is greater than or equal to a dimension of the second feeding portion along the first direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the transmission structure also includes a third connecting plate and a fourth connecting plate, wherein the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate are respectively connected to the ends of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, and one end of the fourth connecting plate away from the second connecting plate is bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate to form a bending portion, and the bending portion and the third connecting plate are located in the same plane.

[0017] In some embodiments, a pull rod is further included, the pull rod is arranged along the second direction, and the bending portion and the third connecting plate are respectively fitted and fixed to the pull rod.

[0018] In some embodiments, the radiator includes multiple pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, each pair of dipoles includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm that are relatively arranged; the balun is also provided with a second feeding cavity, and the first feeding cavity and the second feeding cavity are respectively arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm in a pair of dipoles; one end of the feed core is passed through the first feeding cavity, and the other end of the feed core is passed through the second feed core.

[0019] A second aspect of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising a substrate and any one of the above-mentioned radiation units, wherein the radiation units are located on the same side of the substrate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages:

[0021] The radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a slidable phase-shifting medium in the first feeding cavity, thereby changing the size of the phase-shifting medium in the first feeding cavity, that is, changing the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity. Compared with the prior art of adjusting the phase of the radiation unit by means of a phase shifter, the embodiment of the present application can change the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity by setting the movement of the phase-shifting medium, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiation unit, thereby avoiding the problem of poor stability of the radiation unit caused by the random bending of the coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiation unit. At the same time, the phase-shifting medium is located on one side of the feeding structure, making full use of the spatial dimension below the radiator, integrating the feeding structure and the phase-shifting medium, and adjusting the phase of the radiation unit, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a general assembly diagram of the radiation unit described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a general assembly diagram of the radiation unit described in the embodiment of the present application (excluding the radiator);

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the radiation unit described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the coordination between the feed core and the phase shift medium described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the coordination between the phase shifting medium and the transmission structure described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the coordination of the phase shifting medium and the transmission structure described in the embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the travel change of the phase shift medium described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the feeding structure described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed core described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the phase shifting medium described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the transmission structure described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull rod described in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a multi-radiation unit array according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of a multi-radiation unit array described in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Among them, 1, balun; 11, second feeding cavity; 12, first feeding cavity; 121, first through-hole; 2, feeding core; 21, second feeding part; 22, first feeding part; 3, phase-shifting medium; 31, plug-in structure; 32, connecting part; 31a, main body; 31b, plug-in mating part; 311, dielectric sheet; 312, plug-in slot; 321, connecting rod; 322, connector; 4, transmission structure; 4a, first connecting plate; 4b, second connecting plate; 4c, third connecting plate; 4d, fourth connecting plate; 41, second through-hole; 42, slide groove; 43, sliding mating surface; 44, first connecting hole; 5, pull rod; 51, second connecting hole; 6, radiator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0040] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0041] The patent application with application number: CN201410070329.5 and invention name: Phase Shifting System discloses a phase shifting system for changing the phase of a signal output to at least two radiating elements, including at least two phase shifters for providing signals to the radiating elements, and the phase shifters have phase shifting components for moving to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifters. The system also includes: a phase shifting driving device, which is respectively connected to the phase shifting components of each phase shifter to synchronously link each phase shifting component so that the phase shifting components move at different rates to form a differential continuous phase distribution between the signals of the radiating elements. In the above manner, the present invention can utilize a combination of multiple phase shifters to form a phase shifting system with a large number of ports, and each port can form a differential continuous phase distribution. The patent only proposes to introduce a radiating unit into the phase shifting system and change the phase of the radiating unit by a phase shifter.

[0042] The patent application with application number: CN202320495864.X and invention name: A multi-frequency electrically tunable filter antenna unit discloses a multi-frequency electrically tunable filter antenna unit, including a transmission structure, a feed network board with a power-dividing feed network, a phase shifter integrated on the feed network board, and a slice driven by the transmission structure to slide on the phase shifter. The feed network board is also provided with a radiation unit, and the phase shifter and the power-dividing feed network are both distributed on one side of the feed network board where the radiation unit is provided. Through the coordination of the cavity filter, the transmission structure, the feed network board, the phase shifter, and the slices of the phase shifter, the functions of multi-frequency and electrical tuning are realized, which greatly optimizes the coverage of the 5G network; the slices of the phase shifter are fixed by the transmission structure, and the transmission structure is driven by the motor to drive the slices of the phase shifter to slide on the phase shifter, thereby realizing the function of electrical downtilt; the calibration network board is integrated, which can effectively solve the current complex communication network's demand for different frequency bands. This is equivalent to disclosing a feed network board with a power division feed network and a phase shifter on the same side as the radiation unit, and adjusting the electrical downtilt angle by driving the slices on the phase shifter through the transmission structure.

[0043] The publication number is: CN 117748162 A, and the invention name is: Patent of Radiating Unit, Antenna and Base Station, which discloses that the radiating unit includes a radiator, a feeding structure connected to the radiator, and a dielectric block, the feeding structure includes a balun and a feeding core arranged in a feeding cavity formed by the balun, and the feeding core is used to feed the external input feeding signal to the radiator; the dielectric block is arranged at one end of the balun away from the radiator, and can slide in the feeding cavity to change the dielectric constant in the feeding cavity. The present application can adjust the phase of the radiating unit by setting a dielectric block in the radiating unit, which not only avoids the problem of poor stability of the radiating unit due to the random bending of the coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiating unit, but also solves the problem that the connection between the phase shifter and multiple radiating units makes the layout structure of the antenna complicated, resulting in low antenna production efficiency. Therefore, the radiating unit provided by the present application can effectively improve the stability of the antenna and the production efficiency of the antenna. That is to say, the radiating unit substrate is used as the cavity, and the feeding medium reciprocates perpendicularly to the radiator in the cavity, and the phase of the radiating unit is adjusted by changing the dielectric constant in the feeding cavity. The feeding medium in this technology is located on the side of the feeding structure away from the radiator, and reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the radiator, occupying the space on the antenna perpendicular to the substrate, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0044] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a radiating unit, which adjusts the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity by setting a phase-shifting medium, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiating unit. The radiating unit provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates the phase shifter and the feeding structure, and the phase-shifting medium is located on one side of the feeding structure, does not occupy the height space of the radiating unit, fully utilizes the spatial dimension below the radiator, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0045] Specifically, Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0046] The radiator 6 may be a half-wave radiator 6, a folded radiator 6, a single-polarized radiator 6, or a dual-polarized radiator 6;

[0047] A feeding structure, the feeding structure is connected to one side of the radiator 6, and the feeding structure includes a balun 1 and a feeding core 2, a first feeding cavity 12 is formed in the balun 1, and the feeding core 2 is at least partially inserted in the first feeding cavity 12, and is used to feed an external input feeding signal to the radiator 6; a first through hole 121 connected to the first feeding cavity 12 is provided on the side wall of the balun 1;

[0048] Taking the dual-polarized radiator 6 as an example, the dual-polarized radiator 6 includes two pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, and each group of dipoles includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm that are arranged opposite to each other. The balun 1 is located below the radiator 6 and supports the radiator 6. The balun 1 is provided with a first feeding cavity 12 and a second feeding cavity 11, wherein the first feeding cavity 12 is arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm, and the second feeding cavity 11 is arranged corresponding to the second radiating arm. The ends of the first feeding cavity 12 and the second feeding cavity 11 connected to the radiator 6 are both open, so that the feeding core 2 can be inserted into the first feeding cavity 12 and the second feeding cavity 11.

[0049] The radiation unit further includes a phase shifting medium 3 , at least a portion of which is slidably inserted from the first through hole 121 into the first feeding cavity 12 along a first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the plane where the radiator 6 is located.

[0050] The phase shifter changes the phase of the radiating unit by electrical length. Since the propagation speed of the feeding signal in different media is different, the phase shifting medium can be slid into the first feeding cavity 12 to change the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12, thereby adjusting the propagation speed of the first feeding signal in the first feeding cavity 12, that is, the electrical length is equivalently changed to achieve the purpose of changing the phase of the radiating unit, so as to achieve the purpose of replacing the phase shifter. For example, before the radiating unit starts working, the target equivalent electrical length can be determined according to the target phase, the target transmission speed of the feeding signal in the first feeding cavity 12 can be determined according to the target equivalent electrical length, and the target dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12 can be determined according to the target transmission speed, and then the target depth of the phase shifting medium 3 that should be slid into the first feeding cavity 12 can be determined based on the target dielectric constant, and the insertion of the phase shifting medium 3 into the first feeding cavity 12 can be controlled based on the mechanical structure and the target depth.

[0051] The radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a radiator 6, a feeding structure and a phase-shifting medium 3. The phase-shifting medium 3 is at least partially inserted into the first feeding cavity 12. By sliding the phase-shifting medium 3, the depth of the phase-shifting medium 3 inserted into the first feeding cavity 12 is changed, and the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiation unit. Compared with the prior art in which the phase of the radiation unit is adjusted by a phase shifter, the embodiment of the present application can change the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12 by setting the movement of the phase-shifting medium 3, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiation unit, thereby avoiding the problem of poor stability of the radiation unit caused by the randomness of the bendability of the coaxial line connecting the phase shifter and the radiation unit. Compared with the solution in which the phase-shifting medium 3 is located at one end of the feeding structure away from the radiator 6, the phase-shifting medium 3 in the embodiment of the present application is located on one side of the feeding structure, making full use of the spatial dimension below the radiator 6, integrating the feeding structure and the phase-shifting medium 3, and adjusting the phase of the radiation unit, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase-shifting medium 3 includes a plug-in structure 31 and a connecting portion 32, the plug-in structure 31 can be slidably inserted into the first feeding cavity 12, and the connecting portion 32 is located outside the first feeding cavity 12; the radiation unit also includes a transmission structure 4, the transmission structure 4 moves along the second direction, and a slide groove 42 is provided on the transmission structure 4, the slide groove 42 is arranged at an angle to the second direction, and the connecting portion 32 is slidably arranged in the slide groove 42 to drive the phase-shifting medium 3 to move along the first direction. During the movement of the phase-shifting medium 3 along the first direction, the depth of the plug-in structure 31 inserted into the first feeding cavity 12 is changed, thereby changing the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12, thereby adjusting the phase of the radiation unit.

[0053] The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are parallel to the plane where the radiator 6 is located. In this way, both the transmission structure 4 and the phase shifting medium 3 move in a plane parallel to the radiator 6, and do not occupy the space perpendicular to the radiator 6, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna. Figure 3 As described above, X represents the second direction and Y represents the first direction.

[0054] It should be noted that the phase shift medium 3 can move along the first direction, can move along the second direction, or move along a direction that is at an angle to the first direction or the second direction. Specifically, the direction in which the phase shift medium 3 moves can be reasonably designed by setting the setting direction and setting angle of the slide groove 42. In the following, the embodiment of the present application will be described by taking the movement of the phase shift medium 3 along the first direction as an example.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the transmission structure 4 includes a first connecting plate 4a, the first connecting plate 4a is tilted relative to the second direction, and the slide groove 42 is arranged on the first connecting plate 4a. Specifically, the slide groove 42 penetrates the first connecting plate 4a along the thickness direction of the first connecting plate 4a, and the connecting portion 32 passes through the slide groove 42 and can slide along the length direction of the slide groove 42. The first connecting plate 4a is tilted to reduce the space occupied by the first connecting plate 4a in the first direction and the second direction.

[0056] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the transmission structure 4 further includes a second connecting plate 4b, which is disposed on one side of the first connecting plate 4a along the second direction, and the second connecting plate 4b is parallel to the second direction, and a second through hole 41 is disposed on the second connecting plate 4b, and the second through hole 41 is connected to the slide groove 42. The second through hole 41 is used to allow the connecting portion 32 to penetrate from one side of the transmission structure 4 to the other side, so that the connecting portion 32 can enter the slide groove 42 and slide along the slide groove 42.

[0057] Combination Figures 4 to 6As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the connecting portion 32 includes a connecting rod 321 and a connecting head 322, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting head 322 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting rod 321, that is, the projected area of ​​the connecting head 322 on the second connecting plate 4b is larger than the projected area of ​​the connecting rod 321 on the second connecting plate 4b. The size of the second through hole 41 is slightly larger than the size of the connecting head 322, so that the connecting head 322 can pass through the second through hole 41, and the width of the slide 42 is slightly larger than the width of the connecting rod 321 and smaller than the width of the connecting head 322, so that the connecting rod 321 can slide in the slide 42 and cannot fall out of the slide 42.

[0058] The two ends of the slide groove 42 are two limit travel positions formed by the sliding of the connecting part 32. When in use, the connecting part 32 reciprocates between the two limit travel positions of the slide groove 42. The second through hole 41 is located outside the travel of the connecting part 32. Even if the connecting part 32 slides to the limit travel position, the connecting part 32 will not fall off from the second through hole 41.

[0059] When the connecting rod 321 slides in the sliding groove 42, the connecting head 322 makes sliding friction contact with the sliding matching surface 43 on the first connecting plate 4a.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple first feeding cavities 12 , each of which is provided with a feeding core 2 , and the number of plug-in structures 31 is equal to that of the first feeding cavities 12 , and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first feeding cavities 12 .

[0061] Specifically, taking a dual-polarized radiation unit as an example, two first feeding cavities 12 and two second feeding cavities 11 are correspondingly arranged for one dual-polarized radiation unit, the number of the feeding cores 2 is two, the two feeding cores 2 are respectively arranged corresponding to a group of dipoles, and one end of the feeding core 2 is inserted into the first feeding cavity 12, and the other end of the feeding core 2 is inserted into the second feeding cavity 11, and the number of the plug-in structures 31 is two, which are respectively inserted into the two first feeding cavities 12. The plug-in structures 31 can move synchronously or asynchronously to adjust the dielectric constants in the corresponding first feeding cavities 12 respectively.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the feed core 2 includes a first feed part 22 and a second feed part connected to each other, the first feed part 22 is connected to the radiator 6, the second feed part is arranged in the first feed cavity 12, and the second feed part is arranged in a serpentine bend along the length direction. Specifically, the feed core 2 is a linear feed sheet as a whole, one end of the feed core 2 is inserted into the second feed cavity 11, and the other end first extends upward, then bends across the radiator 6 and goes deep into the first feed cavity 12, and makes a serpentine bend in the first feed cavity 12. The part of the feed core 2 that makes a serpentine bend in the first feed cavity 12 forms the second feed part, and the rest forms the first feed part 22. The first feed part 22 and the second feed part are made of the same material, and of course different materials can also be used, and they are electrically connected together by welding or other methods. The second feed parts in different first feed cavities 12 can be made of the same material or different materials.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the first feeding cavity 12 is rectangular, circular, elliptical, etc., and the cross-sectional shape of the second feeding cavity 11 may be the same as or different from the cross-sectional shape of the first feeding cavity 12. Exemplarily, in some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the first feeding cavity 12 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the second feeding cavity 11 is circular, the second feeding core 2 is located in the first feeding cavity 12, and there is a gap between the second feeding core 2 and the inner wall of the first feeding cavity 12, and when the plug-in structure 31 is inserted into the first feeding cavity 12, it is located in the gap formed between the second feeding core 2 and the inner wall of the first feeding cavity 12.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the plug-in structure 31 includes a main body portion 31a and a plug-in fitting portion 31b, the plug-in fitting portion 31b is disposed on a side of the main body portion 31a facing away from the connecting portion 32, a plug-in slot 312 is formed on the plug-in fitting portion 31b and is opened along a first direction, and the second feeder is located in the plug-in slot 312. Specifically, the plug-in fitting portion 31b includes two dielectric sheets 311 disposed opposite to each other, a plug-in slot 312 is formed between the two dielectric sheets 311, and a spacing between the two dielectric sheets 311, that is, a width of the plug-in slot 312 is greater than a thickness of the second feeder, so that the second feeder 21 can be slidably plugged into the plug-in slot 312.

[0065] The main body 31a is a plate-like structure, and the main body 31a is located outside the balun 1 and is arranged opposite to the side wall of the balun 1 on which the first through hole 121 is opened. The connecting portion 32 is arranged on the side of the main body 31a facing away from the balun 1, and the dielectric sheet 311 is arranged on the side of the main body 31a facing the balun 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the plug-in slots 312 is two, and the number of the corresponding dielectric sheets 311 is four. Two dielectric sheets 311 form a pair of plug-in slots 312, and the dielectric sheets 311 pass through the first through hole 121 on the balun 1 and enter the first feeding cavity 12. Each first feeding cavity 12 is correspondingly provided with two first through holes 121, respectively for the corresponding two dielectric sheets 311 to pass through.

[0066] It should be noted that the number of dielectric sheets 311 may be determined according to the actual electrical design scheme, and is generally twice the number of the first feeding cavities 12 .

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the depth of the insertion slot 312 along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the second feeding portion 21 along the first direction. Therefore, the dielectric sheet 311 can be directly arranged opposite to the feeding structure in the second direction, and the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12 can be adjusted by changing the area of ​​the feeding structure inserted into the first feeding cavity 12.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the transmission structure 4 also includes a third connecting plate 4c and a fourth connecting plate 4d, and the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d are respectively connected to the ends of the first connecting plate 4a and the second connecting plate 4b. Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c is connected to the end of the first connecting plate 4a, and the fourth connecting plate 4d is connected to the end of the second connecting plate 4b; the fourth connecting plate 4d is arranged along the second direction, and one end of the fourth connecting plate 4d away from the second connecting plate 4b is bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate 4b to form a bending portion, and the bending portion and the third connecting plate 4c are located in the same plane.

[0069] The transmission structure 4 can be simplified into Figure 7 The triangle in the second direction, the stroke L of the transmission structure 4, the stroke H of the first direction and the angle α form a triangle. In the design scheme, the stroke L of the second direction and the stroke H of the first direction are both determined, and according to the Pythagorean theorem, the angle α is also determined.

[0070] The first connecting plate 4a on the transmission structure 4 is the hypotenuse of a triangle, and the slide groove 42 is a rectangular hole arranged along the length direction of the first connecting plate 4a; when the transmission structure 4 moves along the second direction, the sliding matching surface on the transmission structure 4 and the connecting head 322 perform sliding friction, driving the phase-shifting medium 3 to move along the first direction, thereby realizing the stroke L in the second direction and the stroke H in the first direction.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the radiation unit also includes a pull rod 5, which is arranged along the second direction, and the bending portion and the third connecting plate 4c are respectively fitted and fixed to the pull rod 5. An external force is applied to the pull rod 5 to move the pull rod 5 in the second direction, which can drive the transmission structure 4 fixedly connected to the pull rod 5 to move synchronously in the second direction, and then realize the transformation of the stroke in the second direction and the stroke in the first direction through the phase shifting medium 3, drive the phase shifting medium 3 to move in the first direction, and then change the dielectric constant in the first feeding cavity 12, adjust the phase of the radiation unit, and play the role of a phase shifter.

[0072] Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d are respectively provided with a first connecting hole 44, and a second connecting hole 51 is provided at a corresponding position of the pull rod 5. The fastener passes through the first connecting hole 44 and the second connecting hole 51 to fix the pull rod 5 and the transmission structure 4 together.

[0073] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the projections of the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d on the pull rod do not interfere with the projections of the slide groove 42 on the pull rod. Specifically, the third connecting plate 4c and the fourth connecting plate 4d do not affect the sliding of the connecting portion 32 in the slide groove 42.

[0074] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a base station antenna, including a substrate and the radiation unit in the above embodiment, wherein the radiation unit is arranged on the substrate and located on the same side of the substrate. The base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the above radiation unit, and will not be described again.

[0075] For example, Fig.13 As shown, the base station antenna includes an array of 9 radiation elements. When the pull rod moves along the direction of arrow X for a distance X, Figure 5 The dielectric sheet 311 in the corresponding 1#~4# radiation unit travels along the direction of arrow Y for a distance Y1, and the dielectric sheet 311 in the corresponding 6#~9# radiation unit travels along the opposite direction of arrow Y for a distance Y2. (When 1#~4# and 6#~9# use the same phase-shifting medium 3, Y1 and Y2 have the same value; when 1#~4# and 6#~9# use different phase-shifting media 3, Y1 and Y2 have different values). By moving the dielectric sheet 311 along the Y-axis direction in the first feeding cavity 12, the phase of the phase shifter is changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the electrical downtilt angle.

[0076] For example, Fig.14 As mentioned above, when the pull rod moves along the direction of arrow X, Figure 5The dielectric sheet 311 in the corresponding 2#~9# radiation unit travels a distance Y along the direction of arrow Y (when 1#~9# use the same phase-shifting medium 3, the travel distances of all feeding sheets 311 are the same; when 1#~9# use different phase-shifting media 3, the travel distances of all feeding sheets 311 are different). The dielectric sheet 311 travels along the Y-axis direction in the first feeding cavity 12 to change the phase of the phase shifter, thereby realizing the adjustment of the electrical downtilt angle.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0078] "Vertical", "horizontal", "top" or "bottom", "upper", "middle", "lower" and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0079] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0080] The term "and / or" in the present invention is inclusive, for example, "A; and / or B" means only A, or only B, or both A and B. "Multiple" means two or more.

[0081] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: include: Radiator (6), A feeding structure, the feeding structure being connected to one side of the radiator (6), and the feeding structure comprising a balun (1) and a feeding core (2), wherein a first feeding cavity (12) is formed in the balun (1), and the feeding core (2) is at least partially inserted in the first feeding cavity (12) for feeding an externally inputted feeding signal to the radiator (6); a first through hole (121) communicating with the first feeding cavity (12) is provided on a side wall of the balun (1); A phase shifting medium (3) comprising a plug-in structure and a connecting portion, wherein at least a portion of the plug-in structure is slidably inserted from the first through hole (121) into the first feeding cavity (12) along a first direction; and the connecting portion is located outside the first feeding cavity and fixedly connected to the plug-in structure; A transmission structure (4), wherein the transmission structure (4) moves along a second direction, a slide groove (42) is provided on the transmission structure (4), the slide groove (42) is arranged at an angle with the second direction, and the connecting portion (32) can be slidably arranged in the slide groove (42) to drive the phase shifting medium (3) to move along the first direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are parallel to the plane where the radiator (6) is located.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure (4) comprises a first connecting plate (4a), the first connecting plate (4a) is arranged obliquely relative to the second direction, and the sliding groove (42) is arranged on the first connecting plate (4a).

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission structure (4) further comprises a second connecting plate (4b), the second connecting plate (4b) being arranged on one side of the first connecting plate (4a) along a second direction, and the second connecting plate (4b) being parallel to the second direction, and the second connecting plate (4b) being provided with a second through hole (41), and the second through hole (41) being connected to the slide groove (42).

4. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting portion (32) includes a connecting rod (321) and a connecting head (322), wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting head (322) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting rod (321), and the connecting head (322) passes through the second through hole (41) so that the connecting rod (321) can enter the sliding groove (42) and slide in cooperation with the sliding groove (42).

5. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of first feeding cavities (12), each of which is provided with a feeding core (2), and the number of the plug-in structures (31) is equal to that of the first feeding cavities (12), and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first feeding cavities (12).

6. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed core (2) comprises a first feed part (22) and a second feed part (21) which are connected to each other, the first feed part (22) is connected to the radiator (6), the second feed part (21) is arranged in the first feed cavity (12), and the second feed part (21) is arranged in a serpentine shape along the length direction.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plug-in structure (31) comprises a main body portion (31a) and a plug-in mating portion (31b), wherein the plug-in mating portion (31b) is arranged on a side of the main body portion (31a) that is away from the connecting portion (32), and a plug-in slot (312) is formed on the plug-in mating portion (31b) and is opened along a first direction, and the second feeding portion (21) is located in the plug-in slot (312).

8. The radiation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The depth of the plug-in slot (312) along the first direction is greater than or equal to the dimension of the second power feeding portion (21) along the first direction.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission structure (4) further comprises a third connecting plate (4c) and a fourth connecting plate (4d), wherein the third connecting plate (4c) and the fourth connecting plate (4d) are respectively connected to the ends of the first connecting plate (4a) and the second connecting plate (4b), and an end of the fourth connecting plate (4d) away from the second connecting plate (4b) is bent in a direction away from the second connecting plate (4b) to form a bent portion, and the bent portion and the third connecting plate (4c) are located in the same plane.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also comprises a pull rod (5), the pull rod (5) being arranged along the second direction, and the bent portion and the third connecting plate (4c) being respectively fitted and fixed to the pull rod (5).

11. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator (6) comprises a plurality of pairs of orthogonally arranged dipoles, each pair of dipoles comprising a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged opposite to each other; the balun (1) is further provided with a second feeding cavity (11), the first feeding cavity (12) and the second feeding cavity (11) being arranged corresponding to the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm in a pair of dipoles, respectively; one end of the feed core (2) is inserted into the first feeding cavity (12), and the other end of the feed core (2) is inserted into the second feed core (2).

12. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate and the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the radiation units are located on the same side of the substrate.

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