A UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device

Abstract

The present application discloses a UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device, comprising a reconnaissance and direction finding processing unit, an interference signal generating unit, a main control computer, and an interference antenna array; the reconnaissance and direction finding processing unit provides the system with relevant information of wireless communication signals, and the relevant information of the wireless communication signals is judged and processed by the main control computer; the main control computer receives the relevant information of the wireless communication signal sent by the reconnaissance and direction finding unit, analyzes it, and outputs corresponding control instructions to control the interference signal generating unit according to preset conditions, so as to generate targeted blocking interference signals; the interference signal generating unit is an intelligent interference source, which receives the control signal of the main control computer, generates corresponding interference signals, converts the frequency to the corresponding interference frequency through the radio frequency channel, and then converts the analog signal into a segmented power amplifier through the D / A, and transmits it directionally through the corresponding band interference antenna to block the wireless communication link of the opponent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of electronic engineering technology, and specifically relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle communication reconnaissance jamming payload device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electronic countermeasures, wireless communication countermeasures have always been a hot topic and one of the difficulties. The first reason is that the frequency range of wireless communication is relatively large, occupying frequency bands from tens of megahertz to tens of gigahertz. With the development of electronic device technology, the frequency range seems to be further expanded. The second is that the three-dimensional wireless communication has brought about a more complex wireless communication environment. Ground-to-ground, ground-to-air, air-to-air, outer space communications, sea communications, underwater, underground communications, etc., have created an extremely complex electromagnetic environment for wireless communication, making it extremely difficult to counter interference in wireless communication. In order to block the wireless communication link in time, all-round, wide-band, and high-power wireless interference in the air is a relatively effective countermeasure. Limited by the technical conditions of the equipment, it is difficult to effectively cover interference blocking in the time domain, frequency domain, and all directions. Application Contents

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device, which basically covers the commonly used frequencies of general wireless communications. The reconnaissance and positioning system accurately determines the incoming wave direction of the enemy's wireless communication by means of phase comparison (interferometer) direction finding. The jamming antenna array selects the corresponding frequency antenna servo drive to point to a given angle, and adopts the corresponding jamming mode according to the communication standard, which can effectively block the wireless communication link.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: The present application discloses a UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device, which comprises a reconnaissance direction finding processing unit, a jamming signal generating unit, a main control computer, and a jamming antenna array; wherein the reconnaissance direction finding processing unit provides the system with relevant information of wireless communication signals, and the relevant information of the wireless communication signals is judged and processed by the main control computer; The main control computer receives the relevant information of the wireless communication signal sent by the reconnaissance and direction finding unit, analyzes the information, and outputs corresponding control instructions to control the interference signal generating unit according to preset conditions, so as to generate a targeted blocking interference signal; The interference signal generating unit is an intelligent interference source, which receives the control signal of the main control computer and includes a first FPGA chip. The first FPGA chip generates a corresponding interference signal according to the control signal, which is converted to a corresponding interference frequency through the radio frequency channel, and then converted into an analog signal by a D / A and a segmented power amplifier, and transmitted directionally through a corresponding band interference antenna to block the wireless communication link of the opponent.

[0005] Furthermore, the reconnaissance and direction-finding processing unit is provided with a receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna includes a two-band direction-finding antenna, and the two-band direction-finding antenna uses a phase comparison direction-finding method to respectively receive and determine the direction of wireless communication signals; The switch amplifier component amplifies and filters the wireless communication signal. After reaching the set signal level, the signal is sent to the five-channel receiving module for channel sorting, down-conversion, and classification processing. The signal is then sent to the intermediate frequency processor for A / D conversion of the intermediate frequency signal, and the data is analyzed and processed. The relevant information of the wireless communication signal is sent to the main control computer for further analysis and judgment.

[0006] Furthermore, the five-channel receiving module and the intermediate frequency processing module are both composed of a second FPGA chip and its associated circuits.

[0007] Furthermore, the relevant information of the wireless communication signal includes the direction of the incoming wave, the signal frequency, and the modulation mode information.

[0008] Furthermore, the reconnaissance and direction-finding processing unit adopts a phase comparison direction-finding mechanism. When each wireless communication signal reaches the receiving antenna, the direction of the incoming wave is determined by measuring the incoming wave phase and phase difference.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving antenna includes a 0.03GHz-6GHz antenna and a 6GHz-18GHz antenna, wherein the 0.03GHz-6GHz antenna adopts a planar spiral low-frequency broadband antenna, and the 6GHz-18GHz antenna adopts a broadband omnidirectional antenna.

[0010] Furthermore, the interference signal includes: a narrowband aiming noise interference signal, a swept frequency noise interference signal, a broadband blocking noise interference signal, and a comb noise interference signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the interference signal generating unit includes an interference signal generating module, a radio frequency channel, a branch power amplifier, an antenna and a servo mechanism thereof.

[0012] Furthermore, the branch power amplifier is composed of three sections of power amplifiers: 0.03GHz-0.5GHz, 0.5GHz-3.8GHz, and 3.8GHz-18GHz, and the segmented amplification corresponds to three groups of interference radiation antennas.

[0013] Furthermore, the interference antenna array adopts a log-periodic antenna.

[0014] Beneficial effects of this application: The UAV communication reconnaissance and jamming payload device of this application mainly uses the UAV mounting method to conduct reconnaissance and direction finding of the target, and guides the jammer to conduct directional signal interference on the target according to the reconnaissance and direction finding results, which effectively solves the problem of wireless communication interference. The characteristics of the UAV-mounted wireless communication reconnaissance and jamming payload device are: first, the UAV has a long airborne time and is maneuverable and flexible; second, it has a wide field of view for aerial reconnaissance, and can implement all-round, multi-mode three-dimensional coverage interference on enemy communication equipment from a high position, providing effective electronic information support for us. This application works in the ultra-wideband frequency range of 30MHz-18000MHz, which basically covers the commonly used frequencies of general wireless communications. The reconnaissance and positioning system accurately determines the incoming wave direction of the enemy's wireless communication by phase comparison (interferometer) direction finding. The jamming antenna array selects the corresponding frequency antenna servo drive to point to a given angle, and adopts the corresponding jamming mode according to the communication standard, which can effectively block the wireless communication link. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device for this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a phase comparison detection direction finding antenna array; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of narrow-band aiming noise; Figure 4 It is the frequency characteristic of swept frequency interference; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of swept frequency noise interference; Figure 6 is the broadband blocking noise bandwidth diagram; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the continuous blocking interference spectrum; The solid line is the signal spectrum, and the dotted line is the interference spectrum; Figure 8 This is the theoretical output signal diagram of comb noise interference. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present application is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The contents mentioned in the implementation modes are not intended to limit the present application.

[0017] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device of the present application comprises a reconnaissance direction finding processing unit, a jamming signal generating unit, a main control computer, and a jamming antenna array; wherein the reconnaissance direction finding processing unit provides the system with relevant information of the wireless communication signal, and the relevant information of the wireless communication signal is judged and processed by the main control computer; The main control computer receives the relevant information of the wireless communication signal sent by the reconnaissance and direction finding unit, analyzes the information, and outputs corresponding control instructions to control the interference signal generating unit according to preset conditions, so as to generate a targeted blocking interference signal; The interference signal generating unit is an intelligent interference source, which receives the control signal of the main control computer and includes a first FPGA chip. The first FPGA chip generates a corresponding interference signal according to the control signal, which is converted to a corresponding interference frequency through the radio frequency channel, and then converted into an analog signal by a D / A and a segmented power amplifier, and transmitted directionally through a corresponding band interference antenna to block the wireless communication link of the opponent.

[0018] Embodiment 1:

[0019] The composition of the UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it consists of a reconnaissance and direction finding processing unit, an interference signal generating unit and a main control computer, a receiving antenna array, an interference antenna array (including servo drive) and a power supply.

[0020] The reconnaissance and direction-finding processing unit provides the system with information such as the direction of the wireless communication signal, signal frequency, and modulation mode, which are then processed by the main control computer. The 2-band direction-finding antenna uses the phase comparison direction-finding method to receive and determine the direction of the wireless communication signal, which is amplified and filtered in the switch amplifier component. After reaching a certain signal level, it is sent to the five-channel receiving module for channel sorting, down-conversion, classification processing, etc., and then sent to the intermediate frequency processor for A / D conversion of the intermediate frequency signal, and analyzes and processes the data, and sends the direction, frequency, modulation mode and other information of the wireless signal to the main control computer for further analysis and judgment. The five-channel receiving module and the intermediate frequency processing module are both composed of FPGA and its auxiliary circuits. Their powerful data processing function provides a guarantee for the rapid reception and processing of complex data information.

[0021] The main control computer is the central mechanism of the UAV communication reconnaissance and jamming payload device. The wireless communication signal data sent by the reconnaissance and direction-finding unit is further analyzed, judged and processed in the main control computer. According to the preset conditions, the corresponding control instructions are output to control the jamming signal generating unit to generate targeted blocking jamming signals.

[0022] The jamming signal generating unit is an intelligent jamming source. Under the control of the main control computer, the FPGA of the jamming signal generating module can generate corresponding jamming signals according to the instructions, which are converted to the corresponding jamming frequency through the RF channel, and then converted into analog signals by D / A and then transmitted to the segmented power amplifier. The jamming antenna of the corresponding band is transmitted in a direction to block the enemy's wireless communication link. The direction of the jamming antenna is controlled by the main control computer, and its direction data is provided by the reconnaissance direction finding unit.

[0023] Phase comparison direction finding is an interferometer direction finding system. Its direction finding accuracy is higher than that of amplitude comparison direction finding. It is generally used for accurate determination of the position of a target by an aerial platform. Phase comparison direction finding is based on the fact that when radio waves from different directions arrive at the direction finding antenna array during travel, the phases received by each direction finding antenna unit are different, resulting in a phase difference between them. By measuring the phase of the incoming wave and the phase difference, the direction of the incoming wave can be determined. In the interferometer direction finding method, the phase of the induced voltage of the direction finding antenna is directly measured, and then the phase difference is solved. Its mathematical formula is basically the same as that of amplitude comparison direction finding. The present application uses an antenna array composed of multiple antennas, such as Figure 2 As shown. 0.03GHz-6GHz uses a planar spiral low-frequency broadband antenna, and 6GHz-18GHz uses a broadband omnidirectional antenna. Within the working frequency range and 360-degree direction of the direction-finding antenna array, points are set according to a certain rule. At the same time, sample groups are established at frequency intervals and azimuth intervals. When finding the direction, the measured data is correlated and interpolated with the sample group to obtain the direction of the incoming wave signal. Interferometer direction finding is a relatively good direction finding system in contemporary times and a relatively mature technology. It is widely used in medium and short-range direction finding and positioning.

[0024] The switch amplifier component divides and amplifies the wireless communication signals received by each antenna and sends them to the five-channel receiving module for preliminary analysis and processing to obtain the basic frequency, modulation method and other information of each communication signal. After down-conversion and A / D conversion, they are sent to the intermediate frequency signal processing module for further identification and processing.

[0025] The intermediate frequency signal processing module is the processing mechanism for direction finding results. The analysis circuit composed of FPGA chips has powerful data processing capabilities. It can conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment on the intermediate frequency digital signal sent from the previous level, especially the phase difference of the signal received from each antenna, so as to obtain the direction data of the incoming wave and send it to the main control computer.

[0026] The main control computer is the equipment control center, which determines the frequency of the interference source, the interference method and the direction of the interference antenna based on the data sent by the superior.

[0027] The interference signal generating unit is composed of an interference signal generating module, a radio frequency channel, a branch power amplifier, an antenna and its servo mechanism, etc.

[0028] The core components of the interference signal generation module are FPGA and its auxiliary circuits. Various interference mode signals can be determined by the main control computer according to the information such as the direction of the communication signal wave, the number of communication signals, and the signal level. The interference signal of this application is mainly active suppression interference. The main types of interference signals are: narrowband aiming noise interference, swept frequency noise interference, broadband blocking noise interference, comb noise interference, etc.

[0029] 1. Narrowband targeted noise jamming is a communication jamming that suppresses a certain channel of the enemy. The jamming spectrum width only occupies the bandwidth of one channel and accurately overlaps with the signal spectrum. The jamming energy can be fully used to suppress this channel, and the jamming power utilization rate is high. Since the best jamming pattern can be adopted, the jamming efficiency is high. Its characteristics are: it only interferes with a certain channel, but not other channels, so it does not affect the communication and reconnaissance of the enemy. Targeted jamming refers to the carrier frequency of the jamming, that is, the center frequency of the jamming coincides with the signal frequency, and the spectrum width of the jamming and signal is basically the same.

[0030] Narrowband interference is a type of electromagnetic interference with a bandwidth lower than the bandwidth of a specific measuring instrument, receiver or sensitive device. Narrowband targeted interference has a bandwidth 2-3 times that of the receiver. When interfering, the system needs to first detect the working frequency, and then align the frequency of the jammer with the frequency for interference. Since the interference bandwidth is slightly larger than the bandwidth of the receiver, even if there is a certain frequency aiming error, the interference bandwidth can cover the bandwidth. Targeted interference has high interference efficiency because the interference energy is more concentrated in frequency and the energy loss outside the bandwidth is small. The parameters that can be set are as follows:

[0031] The theoretical output signal of narrowband noise interference is as follows: Figure 3 The center frequency of the output interference signal is consistent with the set center frequency value, and the output signal noise bandwidth is consistent with the noise bandwidth setting value.

[0032] 2. Sweep-frequency noise interference. Sweep-frequency noise interference is a combination of two methods: aiming interference and blocking interference. It refers to the interference caused by the carrier frequency of the jammer sweeping through all frequency signals in a wide frequency band at a certain speed, bandwidth and frequency sweeping sequence. Figure 4 shown.

[0033] The figure shows the frequency variation characteristics of the swept frequency interference signal, where the horizontal and vertical axes are time t and frequency f0, f1 and f2 respectively, and the highest and lowest frequencies that the swept frequency signal can cover, and T is the repetition period. Sweep frequency interference has many advantages. It does not have too high requirements for the transmission power, avoiding power waste; it is also relatively flexible, and good interference effects can be obtained in different systems by appropriately setting parameters as needed.

[0034] The frequency sweep jamming system is a highly automated jamming system. It stores the pre-jammed channels (frequencies) in advance and repeatedly scans them within a certain frequency range. When the signal of the preset channel (frequency) appears, it can automatically and randomly jam. It has the characteristics of short jamming response time, jamming can be carried out during maneuvers, and automated management.

[0035] The jammer periodically scans each channel in a certain frequency band, and suppresses electromagnetic signals in all places in the frequency band one by one. If the frequency sweep speed is selected moderately, multiple electronic devices within the frequency sweep range can be periodically subjected to strong interference within a certain period of time. This is the most commonly used jammer with good results. The parameters that can be set are as follows:

[0036] The theoretical output signal form of swept frequency noise interference is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , according to the specified noise bandwidth, the sweep speed can be set to perform repetitive noise interference within the sweep bandwidth.

[0037] Broadband blocking noise interference. Broadband blocking noise interference is also called blocking interference, and its interference radiation spectrum is very wide. It can usually cover the entire operating frequency band of the enemy communication station. Blocking interference is an interference signal with a transmission bandwidth much larger than the bandwidth of the receiver selector, which prevents the receiver from receiving useful signals. Since the blocking interference bandwidth is relatively wide, the requirements for frequency guidance accuracy are low, and the frequency guidance equipment is simple. In addition, due to its wide bandwidth, it is easy to interfere with frequency diversity receivers at the same time. Its disadvantage is that the internal interference power density is low, and the blocking interference will also affect its own electromagnetic communications and electronic support measures. The parameters that can be set are as follows:

[0038] The output signal form of broadband blocking noise interference theory is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the set noise bandwidth is filled with noise, covering the simulated target.

[0039] Comb noise interference. Comb noise interference is a type of blocking interference. Within the blocking bandwidth, continuous blocking interference transmits interference signals throughout the frequency band and suppresses the communication signals within the frequency band. The spectrum is evenly distributed. Comb blocking interference is an interference band that is comb-shaped. Only communication signals that fall within these frequency bands are interfered with. The interference band can be fixed or mobile. When using comb blocking interference, the "comb teeth" must coincide with the spectrum of the target signal. To this end, it is necessary to pre-detect the channel spacing of the interfered signal. If the channel spacing is inconsistent with the spacing of adjacent "comb teeth", or the signal spectrum cannot coincide with the "comb teeth", continuous interference should be used. The schematic diagram of the continuous blocking interference spectrum is shown below. Figure 7 shown.

[0040] The parameters that can be set are as follows:

[0041] Note: (spectrum width + spectrum interval) * (spectrum number - 1) <= 500MHz.

[0042] The theoretical output signal of comb noise interference is as follows: Figure 8 , the measured value of the number of spectrum bars is consistent with the set value of the number of spectrum bars, the measured value of the spectrum width is consistent with the set value of the spectrum width, and the measured value of the spectrum interval is consistent with the set value of the spectrum interval.

[0043] The RF channel converts the digital signal sent by the interference signal generation module into a targeted RF interference frequency by D / A conversion and up-conversion. It is mainly composed of FPGA and its auxiliary circuits.

[0044] The 3-way power amplifiers are composed of three sections of power amplifiers: 0.03GHz-0.5GHz, 0.5GHz-3.8GHz, and 3.8GHz-18GHz. The segmented amplification corresponds to three groups of interference radiation antennas, amplifying the RF interference signal sent by the RF channel to the RF power required to suppress the interference, and radiating it out from the antenna of the corresponding frequency band.

[0045] The antenna servo system is controlled by the main control computer to drive the antenna of the corresponding frequency band to point in the direction of the incoming wave of the wireless communication signal.

[0046] To meet the azimuth requirements, the interference antenna needs to be equipped with a servo mechanism for rotation tracking. This application uses the MSV3 motor. The MS series high-performance brushless motor is equipped with a DS series drive system that uses a 32-bit high-performance MCU, combined with an optimized version of SVPWM control technology, and is designed for high-precision, high-response, and high-torque application scenarios. The integrated design of the motor and drive facilitates user system integration. The drive integrates a high-precision absolute encoder, combined with a simple and easy-to-use dual closed-loop control algorithm, which greatly improves the accuracy of position and speed feedback.

[0047] The interference transmitting antenna adopts a logarithmic periodic antenna, which is arranged in front and back positions. The logarithmic periodic antenna has high gain, high power resistance, and large bandwidth, which can meet the requirements of pointing at the target at a large angle.

[0048] There are many specific application paths for the present application. The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device, characterized in that: The payload device comprises a reconnaissance and direction finding processing unit, an interference signal generating unit, a main control computer, and an interference antenna array; wherein the reconnaissance and direction finding processing unit provides the system with relevant information of the wireless communication signal, and the relevant information of the wireless communication signal is judged and processed by the main control computer; The main control computer receives the relevant information of the wireless communication signal sent by the reconnaissance and direction finding unit, analyzes the information, and outputs corresponding control instructions to control the interference signal generating unit according to preset conditions, so as to generate a targeted blocking interference signal; The interference signal generating unit is an intelligent interference source, which receives the control signal of the main control computer and includes a first FPGA chip. The first FPGA chip generates a corresponding interference signal according to the control signal, which is converted to a corresponding interference frequency through the radio frequency channel, and then converted into an analog signal by a D / A and a segmented power amplifier, and transmitted directionally through a corresponding band interference antenna to block the wireless communication link of the opponent.

2. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reconnaissance and direction-finding processing unit is provided with a receiving antenna, and the receiving antenna includes a two-band direction-finding antenna, and the two-band direction-finding antenna uses a phase comparison direction-finding method to respectively receive and determine the direction of wireless communication signals; The switch amplifier component amplifies and filters the wireless communication signal. After reaching the set signal level, the signal is sent to the five-channel receiving module for channel sorting, down-conversion, and classification processing. The signal is then sent to the intermediate frequency processor for A / D conversion, and the data is analyzed and processed. The relevant information of the wireless communication signal is sent to the main control computer for further analysis and judgment.

3. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The five-channel receiving module and the intermediate frequency processing module are both composed of a second FPGA chip and its auxiliary circuits.

4. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The relevant information of the wireless communication signal includes the direction of the incoming wave, the signal frequency, and the modulation mode information.

5. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reconnaissance and direction-finding processing unit adopts a phase comparison and direction-finding mechanism. When each wireless communication signal reaches the receiving antenna, the direction of the incoming wave is determined by measuring the incoming wave phase and phase difference.

6. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The receiving antenna comprises a 0.03GHz-6GHz antenna and a 6GHz-18GHz antenna, wherein the 0.03GHz-6GHz antenna adopts a planar spiral low-frequency broadband antenna, and the 6GHz-18GHz antenna adopts a broadband omnidirectional antenna.

7. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The interference signals include: narrowband aiming noise interference signals, frequency sweeping noise interference signals, broadband blocking noise interference signals, and comb noise interference signals.

8. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The interference signal generating unit comprises an interference signal generating module, a radio frequency channel, a branch power amplifier, an antenna and a servo mechanism thereof.

9. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The branch power amplifier is composed of three sections of power amplifiers, namely 0.03GHz-0.5GHz, 0.5GHz-3.8GHz, and 3.8GHz-18GHz, and the segmented amplification corresponds to three groups of interference radiation antennas.

10. The UAV communication reconnaissance jamming payload device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interference antenna array adopts a logarithmic periodic antenna.

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