Tomato grafting seedling raising method in high-humidity environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solanaceous fruit grafting seedling raising, in particular to a tomato grafting seedling raising method in a high-humidity environment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the processed protein additive; preparing a matrix modifier; tomato sleeve grafting seedling raising. The substrate modifier prepared by compounding the microbial agent and the wormcast is introduced into the tomato culture substrate, the wormcast contains necessary plant nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and micronutrients such as calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc, the growth requirements of tomatoes can be met, and after being compounded, the wormcast and the microbial agent can be gradually released, so that the growth of the tomatoes is promoted. The tomato grafting nutrient solution has a certain slow-release effect, avoids root burning caused by overnutrition and excessive metabolism of tomato seedlings in a high-humidity environment, can continuously provide nutrients in the subsequent grafting process, and improves the success rate of tomato grafting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tomato grafting seedling raising, and in particular to a tomato grafting seedling raising method in a high humidity environment. Background Art

[0002] Tomato production requires seedling raising and transplanting. Tomato cultivation is usually divided into spring and autumn. Therefore, the time for tomato seedling raising is mainly winter and summer. In early spring, there are many rainy days in the southern region, the light intensity is weak, and the humidity is high. Therefore, tomato grafting seedling raising is often carried out in a high humidity environment before and after. In this environment, the grafted seedlings are prone to leggy growth, severe aerial rooting, and seedling death, resulting in a low survival rate of the grafted seedlings and poor commercial quality. The solution of the prior art is to improve the survival rate of tomatoes by centralized scale management and controlling environmental factors such as humidity and temperature in the greenhouse.

[0003] However, this method of regulating the environment cannot improve the resistance of tomatoes to environmental stress. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for raising tomato grafted seedlings in a high humidity environment, which improves the success rate of grafting by improving the environmental stress resistance of grafted tomato seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a tomato grafting seedling raising method in a high humidity environment.

[0005] A tomato grafting seedling raising method in a high humidity environment comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Preparation of processed protein additives

[0007] Take black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor for extraction, take out the filter paper after the extraction, remove the solvent, and obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder, take neutral protease and trypsin into a conical flask respectively, add black soldier fly defatted protein powder, then add distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, water bath, shake, inactivate the enzyme after the water bath, centrifuge and take the supernatant to obtain a treated protein additive;

[0008] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0009] The treated protein additive, yeast extract and sodium chloride are mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, Bacillus Velez S3-1 is inoculated into the liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain a microbial agent, the microbial agent is added to earthworm castings and mixed evenly, and then sealed and cultured in a light incubator to obtain a substrate improver after 7 days of cultivation;

[0010] S3: Tomato seedlings grafted in tubes

[0011] By adding matrix improver to the tomato culture matrix, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion is regulated, the stem thickness of the rootstock and scion is matched, a bevel is cut above the cotyledon of the rootstock to ensure that the height of the whole tray of rootstock seedlings is consistent, the incision is flat and in the same direction, and the bevel is cut with a blade under the first true leaf of the scion. The incision is flat and the size matches the incision of the rootstock. The sleeve is put on the rootstock, and then the scion is inserted into the sleeve. The bevel is in the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock incision, and the incision is tightly combined with the rootstock incision. Place it in the healing room for the first 3 days after grafting and cultivate it. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer it to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plant no longer wilts after seeing the light. After 7-8 days of wound healing, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 15-18 days.

[0012] Furthermore, step S1 prepares the processed protein additive, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1.1: Take 5-8 parts by mass of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of a clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80-85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, ether and acetone respectively, pour them into three spherical extraction bottles, and extract for 6-12 hours;

[0014] S1.2: After the extraction is completed, take out the filter paper and put it into a 65-70℃ oven to remove the solvent to obtain the black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0015] S1.3: Take 5000U / g neutral protease and trypsin respectively into a conical flask, add 2-3 parts by mass of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20-25 parts by volume of distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, and then put it into a 40-50℃ water bath for 2-3 hours, shaking every 20 minutes for 5-10 minutes;

[0016] S1.4: After the water bath is completed, inactivate the enzyme at 100-105°C for 10-15 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000-5200 r / min for 10-15 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

[0017] Furthermore, step S2 of preparing a matrix modifier comprises the following steps:

[0018] S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L treated protein additive, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L sodium chloride, and adjust the pH value of the culture medium to 7.2-7.4. Inoculate Bacillus Velezii S3-1 into the liquid culture medium and culture it at 28-30°C and 200-220 r / min for 20-22 h until the bacterial liquid concentration reaches 1.785×10 7 CFU / mL, obtained microbial agent;

[0019] S2.2: Take 50 parts by volume of microbial agent, add earthworm castings and mix evenly, seal and place in a 30-32℃ light incubator, cultivate with 13h light and 11h dark, and obtain the substrate improver after 7 days of cultivation.

[0020] Furthermore, step S3 of raising tomato seedlings by grafting in sleeve tubes comprises the following steps:

[0021] S3.1: By adding matrix improver to the tomato culture matrix, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion is regulated to make the stem thickness of the rootstock and scion matched, the rootstock reaches a stem diameter ≥ 0.4cm, the plant height is 15-18cm, the stem is thick, the internodes are short, the rootstock grows 5-6 true leaves, the scion grows 4-5 true leaves, the leaf color is dark and shiny, the leaves are thick and stretched, the root system is well-developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

[0022] S3.2: Cut a 30°-45° bevel 0.5 cm above the cotyledons of the stock, with a bevel length of 0.5-0.8 cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts on the entire tray of stock seedlings is consistent, the cuts are flat and in the same direction;

[0023] S3.3: Use a blade to make a 30°-45° bevel 1-2 cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cutting off two leaves and one heart or three leaves and one heart. The bevel is 0.5-0.8 cm long, and the incision is smooth and the size matches the incision of the rootstock.

[0024] S3.4: Put a 1-1.2 cm long sleeve on the stock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel in the same direction as the bevel of the stock cut, and make the cut fit tightly with the cut of the stock;

[0025] S3.5: Place the plants in the healing room for the first 3 days after grafting, keep the temperature at 24℃-26℃, turn on the supplementary light, cover with white film, press tightly around, and ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer them to the seedbed for healing, lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening, and remove the sunshade net when the plants are no longer wilting after being exposed to light. After the wound heals in 7-8 days, harden the seedlings and plant them in 15-18 days.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S1.3, the amount of neutral protease and trypsin is 1-5 parts by weight.

[0027] Furthermore, the application rate of earthworm castings in step S2.2 is 1-1.2 kg / m 3 .

[0028] Furthermore, the amount of matrix modifier added in step S3.1 is 1 kg / m 3 .

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention introduces a matrix improver prepared by combining a microbial agent and earthworm castings into a tomato culture matrix. The earthworm castings contain essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc., which can meet the needs of tomato growth. Moreover, after the earthworm castings and the microbial agent are combined, they are gradually released and have a certain slow-release effect, thereby avoiding overnutrition and root burn caused by excessive metabolism in tomato seedlings under a high humidity environment, and can continuously provide nutrients in the subsequent grafting process, thereby improving the success rate of tomato grafting.

[0031] 2. In the matrix modifier prepared by the present invention, the microbial agent is a protein additive prepared by defatting and enzymatic treatment of black soldier fly powder. Black soldier fly larvae are rich in high-quality protein and have a relatively balanced amino acid composition, which is an ideal raw material for preparing peptone. In addition, black soldier flies have a fast reproduction speed, a short growth cycle, and can survive in a variety of environments, so the breeding cost is low. Compared with traditional animal and plant protein extraction methods, the production cost of black soldier fly protein is more economical. After adding the protein additive, it can selectively promote the reproduction of Bacillus Velez S3-1, thereby improving the advantages of Bacillus Velez S3-1, making the main flora in the bacterial liquid Bacillus Velez S3-1, thereby promoting the microbial agent to provide environmental stress resistance for tomato grafted seedlings after combining with earthworm castings, and improving the success rate of tomato grafting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a tomato grafting seedling raising method in a high humidity environment adopted by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a detailed description of a tomato grafting seedling raising method under a high humidity environment provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] A tomato grafting seedling raising method under high humidity environment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0037] S1: Preparation of processed protein additives

[0038] S1.1: Take 5 parts by mass of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of a clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80 parts by volume of petroleum ether, ether and acetone respectively, pour them into three spherical extraction bottles, and extract for 6 hours;

[0039] S1.2: After the extraction is completed, the filter paper is taken out and placed in a 65°C oven to remove the solvent to obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0040] S1.3: Take 5000U / g neutral protease and trypsin respectively into a conical flask, add 2 parts by mass of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir evenly with a glass rod and place in a 40℃ water bath for 2 hours, shaking for 5 minutes every 20 minutes;

[0041] S1.4: After the water bath is completed, inactivate the enzyme at 100°C for 10 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000r / min for 10 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

[0042] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0043] S2.1: 10 g / L treated protein additive, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L sodium chloride were mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, and the pH value of the culture medium was adjusted to 7.2. Bacillus Velezii S3-1 was inoculated into the liquid culture medium and cultured at 28°C and 200 r / min for 20 h until the bacterial liquid concentration reached 1.785 × 10 7 CFU / mL, obtained microbial agent;

[0044] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial agent at 1 kg / m 3 Add the earthworm castings to the mixture in an even mixture at an application rate of 1000 mg / kg and seal the mixture in a 30°C light incubator with 13 h of light and 11 h of darkness. After 7 days of cultivation, the substrate improver was obtained.

[0045] S3: Tomato seedlings grafted in tubes

[0046] S3.1: By adding 1kg / m 3 The substrate improver can regulate the growth of tomato rootstock and scion, so that the rootstock and scion have matching stem diameters. The rootstock has a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, a strong stem, short internodes, 5 true leaves for the rootstock, and 4 true leaves for the scion. The leaves are dark and shiny, thick and stretched, the root system is well-developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

[0047] S3.2: Cut a 30° bevel 0.5 cm above the cotyledon of the stock, with a length of 0.5 cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts on the entire tray of stock seedlings is consistent, the cuts are flat, and the direction is the same;

[0048] S3.3: Use a blade to make a 30° bevel 1 cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cutting off two leaves and one heart. The bevel is 0.5 cm long and the incision is smooth and the size matches the incision of the rootstock.

[0049] S3.4: Put a 1 cm long sleeve on the stock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel in the same direction as the bevel of the stock cut, and make the cut fit tightly with the cut of the stock;

[0050] S3.5: Place the grafted plants in the healing room for the first 3 days, keep the temperature at 24℃, turn on the supplementary light, cover with white film, press tightly on all sides to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer them to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plants no longer wilt after being exposed to light. After the wounds heal in 7 days, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 15 days.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] A tomato grafting seedling raising method under high humidity environment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0053] S1: Preparation of processed protein additives

[0054] S1.1: Take 8 parts by mass of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of a clean filter paper, fold it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, ether and acetone respectively, pour them into three spherical extraction bottles, and extract for 6 hours;

[0055] S1.2: After the extraction is completed, the filter paper is taken out and placed in a 65°C oven to remove the solvent to obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0056] S1.3: Take 5000U / g neutral protease and trypsin respectively into a conical flask, add 3 parts by mass of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 25 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir evenly with a glass rod and place in a 40℃ water bath for 2 hours, shaking for 5 minutes every 20 minutes;

[0057] S1.4: After the water bath is completed, inactivate the enzyme at 100°C for 10 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000r / min for 10 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

[0058] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0059] S2.1: 10 g / L treated protein additive, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L sodium chloride were mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, and the pH value of the culture medium was adjusted to 7.2. Bacillus Velezii S3-1 was inoculated into the liquid culture medium and cultured at 28°C and 200 r / min for 20 h until the bacterial liquid concentration reached 1.785 × 107 CFU / mL, obtained microbial agent;

[0060] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial agent at 1.2 kg / m 3 Add the earthworm castings to the mixture in an even mixture at an application rate of 1000 mg / kg and seal the mixture in a 30°C light incubator with 13 h of light and 11 h of darkness. After 7 days of cultivation, the substrate improver was obtained.

[0061] S3: Tomato seedlings grafted in tubes

[0062] S3.1: By adding 1kg / m 3 The substrate improver can regulate the growth of tomato rootstock and scion, so that the rootstock and scion have matching stem diameters. The rootstock has a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, a strong stem, short internodes, 5 true leaves for the rootstock, and 4 true leaves for the scion. The leaves are dark and shiny, thick and stretched, the root system is well-developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

[0063] S3.2: Cut a 30° bevel 0.5 cm above the cotyledon of the stock, with a length of 0.5 cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts on the entire tray of stock seedlings is consistent, the cuts are flat, and the direction is the same;

[0064] S3.3: Use a blade to make a 30° bevel 1 cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cutting off two leaves and one heart. The bevel is 0.5 cm long and the incision is smooth and the size matches the incision of the rootstock.

[0065] S3.4: Put a 1 cm long sleeve on the stock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel in the same direction as the bevel of the stock cut, and make the cut fit tightly with the cut of the stock;

[0066] S3.5: Place the grafted plants in the healing room for the first 3 days, keep the temperature at 24℃, turn on the supplementary light, cover with white film, press tightly on all sides to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer them to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plants no longer wilt after being exposed to light. After the wounds heal in 7 days, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 15 days.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] A tomato grafting seedling raising method under high humidity environment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0069] S1: Preparation of processed protein additives

[0070] S1.1: Take 5 parts by mass of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of a clean filter paper, fold it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80 parts by volume of petroleum ether, ether and acetone respectively, pour them into three spherical extraction bottles, and extract for 12 hours;

[0071] S1.2: After the extraction is completed, the filter paper is taken out and placed in a 70°C oven to remove the solvent to obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder;

[0072] S1.3: Take 5000U / g neutral protease and trypsin respectively into a conical flask, add 2 parts by mass of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20 parts by volume of distilled water. Stir evenly with a glass rod and place in a 50℃ water bath for 3 hours, shaking for 10 minutes every 20 minutes;

[0073] S1.4: After the water bath is completed, inactivate the enzyme at 105°C for 15 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5200 rpm for 15 minutes, and collect the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

[0074] S2: Preparation of matrix modifier

[0075] S2.1: 10 g / L treated protein additive, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L sodium chloride were mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, and the pH value of the culture medium was adjusted to 7.4. Bacillus Velezii S3-1 was inoculated into the liquid culture medium and cultured at 30°C and 220 r / min for 22 h to make the bacterial liquid concentration reach 1.785×10 7 CFU / mL, obtained microbial agent;

[0076] S2.2: Take 50 volumes of microbial agent at 1 kg / m 3 Add the application amount of earthworm castings and mix evenly. After sealing, cultivate in a 32°C light incubator with 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness. After 7 days of cultivation, the substrate improver is obtained.

[0077] S3: Tomato seedlings grafted in tubes

[0078] S3.1: By adding 1kg / m 3 The substrate improver can regulate the growth of tomato rootstock and scion, so that the rootstock and scion have matching stem diameters. The rootstock has a stem diameter of ≥0.4cm, a plant height of 15-18cm, a thick stem, short internodes, the rootstock has 6 true leaves, the scion has 5 true leaves, the leaf color is dark and shiny, the leaves are thick and stretched, the root system is well-developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

[0079] S3.2: Cut a 45° bevel 0.5 cm above the cotyledon of the stock, with a length of 0.8 cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts on the entire tray of stock seedlings is consistent, the cuts are flat and in the same direction;

[0080] S3.3: Use a blade to make a 45° bevel 2 cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cutting off two leaves and one heart. The bevel is 0.5 cm long and the incision is smooth and the size matches the incision of the rootstock.

[0081] S3.4: Put a 1.2 cm long sleeve on the stock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel in the same direction as the bevel of the stock cut, and make the cut fit tightly with the cut of the stock;

[0082] S3.5: Place the grafted plants in the healing room for the first 3 days, keep the temperature at 26℃, turn on the supplementary light, cover with white film, press tightly on all sides to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer them to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plants no longer wilt after seeing the light. After the wounds heal in 8 days, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 18 days.

[0083] Comparative Example 1:

[0084] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 1 is that no earthworm castings are added in step S2.2, specifically: "S2.2: Take 50 parts by volume of microbial agent, seal it and place it in a 30°C light incubator, cultivate it according to 13h light and 11h dark, and obtain the matrix improver after 7 days of cultivation", and the other steps remain unchanged, which is Comparative Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 2:

[0086] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that, in step S2.1, no protein processing additive is added, but tryptone is added, and tryptone is a commercially available product, specifically: "S2.1: 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L sodium chloride are mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, and the pH value of the culture medium is adjusted to 7.2, and Bacillus Velez S3-1 is inoculated into the liquid culture medium, and cultured at 28°C and 200 r / min for 20 h, so that the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1.785×10 7 CFU / mL, and obtain the microbial agent". The remaining steps remain unchanged, which is Comparative Example 2.

[0087] Tomato grafting was performed using the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, with 20 plants in each group. The survival rates of the grafted tomatoes were statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089] Survival rate (%) Example 1 90 Example 2 95 Example 3 85 Comparative Example 1 70 Comparative Example 2 75

[0090] The survival rates of Examples 1-3 are above 85%, while the survival rates of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are 70% and 75%, respectively. It can be seen that the present invention introduces earthworm castings to continuously provide nutrients in the tomato grafting process, thereby improving the success rate of tomato grafting. In addition, the protein additive prepared by defatting and enzyme-treating black soldier fly powder can promote the reproduction of Bacillus Velez S3-1 better than commercially available tryptone, thereby improving the advantages of Bacillus Velez S3-1, providing stress resistance for tomato grafted seedlings, and improving the success rate of tomato grafting.

[0091] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation of processed protein additives Take black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor for extraction, take out the filter paper after the extraction, remove the solvent, and obtain black soldier fly defatted protein powder, take neutral protease and trypsin into a conical flask respectively, add black soldier fly defatted protein powder, then add distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, water bath, shake, inactivate the enzyme after the water bath, centrifuge and take the supernatant to obtain a treated protein additive; S2: Preparation of matrix modifier The treated protein additive, yeast extract and sodium chloride are mixed to prepare a liquid culture medium, Bacillus Velez S3-1 is inoculated into the liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain a microbial agent, the microbial agent is added to earthworm castings and mixed evenly, and then sealed and cultured in a light incubator to obtain a substrate improver after 7 days of cultivation; S3: Tomato seedlings grafted in tubes By adding matrix improver to the tomato culture matrix, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion is regulated, the stem thickness of the rootstock and scion is matched, a bevel is cut above the cotyledon of the rootstock to ensure that the height of the whole tray of rootstock seedlings is consistent, the incision is flat and in the same direction, and the bevel is cut with a blade under the first true leaf of the scion. The incision is flat and the size matches the incision of the rootstock. The sleeve is put on the rootstock, and then the scion is inserted into the sleeve. The bevel is in the same direction as the bevel of the rootstock incision, and the incision is tightly combined with the rootstock incision. Place it in the healing room for the first 3 days after grafting and cultivate it. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer it to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plant no longer wilts after seeing the light. After 7-8 days of wound healing, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 15-18 days.

2. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1: preparing a processed protein additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1: Take 5-8 parts by mass of black soldier fly powder, put it in the center of a clean filter paper, seal it tightly, put it in a Soxhlet extractor, measure 80-85 parts by volume of petroleum ether, ether and acetone respectively, pour them into three spherical extraction bottles, and extract for 6-12 hours; S1.2: After the extraction is completed, take out the filter paper and put it into a 65-70℃ oven to remove the solvent to obtain the black soldier fly defatted protein powder; S1.3: Take 5000U / g neutral protease and trypsin respectively into a conical flask, add 2-3 parts by mass of black soldier fly defatted protein powder, and then add 20-25 parts by volume of distilled water, stir evenly with a glass rod, and then put it into a 40-50℃ water bath for 2-3 hours, shaking every 20 minutes for 5-10 minutes; S1.4: After the water bath is completed, inactivate the enzyme at 100-105°C for 10-15 minutes, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 5000-5200 r / min for 10-15 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain the treated protein additive.

3. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S2: preparing a matrix modifier, comprising the following steps: S2.1: Prepare a liquid culture medium by mixing 10 g / L of treated protein additive, 5 g / L of yeast extract and 10 g / L of sodium chloride, and adjust the pH value of the culture medium to 7.2-7.

4. Inoculate in liquid culture medium and culture at 28-30℃ and 200-220r / min for 20-22h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1.785×10 7 CFU / mL, obtained microbial agent; S2.2: Take 50 parts by volume of microbial agent, add earthworm castings and mix evenly, seal and place in a 30-32℃ light incubator, cultivate with 13h light and 11h dark, and obtain the substrate improver after 7 days of cultivation.

4. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S3, tomato casing grafting seedling cultivation, comprises the following steps: S3.1: By adding matrix improver to the tomato culture matrix, the growth of tomato rootstock and scion is regulated to make the stem thickness of the rootstock and scion matched, the rootstock reaches a stem diameter ≥ 0.4cm, the plant height is 15-18cm, the stem is thick, the internodes are short, the rootstock grows 5-6 true leaves, the scion grows 4-5 true leaves, the leaf color is dark and shiny, the leaves are thick and stretched, the root system is well-developed, there are many white roots, and there are no diseases and insect pests. S3.2: Cut a 30°-45° bevel 0.5 cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock, with a length of 0.5-0.8 cm, to ensure that the height of the cuts on the entire tray of rootstock seedlings is consistent, the cuts are flat and in the same direction; S3.3: Use a blade to make a 30°-45° bevel 1-2 cm below the first true leaf of the scion, cutting off two leaves and one heart or three leaves and one heart. The bevel is 0.5-0.8 cm long, and the incision is smooth and the size matches the incision of the rootstock. S3.4: Put a 1-1.2 cm long sleeve on the stock, then insert the scion into the sleeve, with the bevel in the same direction as the bevel of the stock cut, and make the cut fit tightly with the cut of the stock; S3.5: Place the plants in the healing room for the first 3 days after grafting. Keep the temperature at 24℃-26℃, turn on the supplementary light, cover with white film, press tightly on all sides to ensure that the leaf humidity is above 95%. On the 4th day after grafting, transfer them to the seedbed for healing. Lift the film once in the morning, noon and evening. Remove the shade net when the plants no longer wilt after seeing the light. After 7-8 days of wound healing, harden the seedlings and transplant them in 15-18 days.

5. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1.3, the amount of neutral protease and trypsin is 1-5 parts by weight.

6. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The application rate of earthworm castings in step S2.2 is 1-1.2 kg / m 3 .

7. The method for raising tomato seedlings by grafting in a high humidity environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of matrix modifier added in step S3.1 is 1 kg / m 3 .

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