Application of Heteroseiulus fusiformis in prevention and treatment of leguminous plant Granithrips megacephalus

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological prevention and control, in particular to application of hambiiulus fusiformis to prevention and control of leguminous plant megalustris megacephala. According to the application of the hambiiulus fusiformis to prevention and treatment of the leguminous plant meglumo thrips, the hambiiulus fusiformis is released into the leguminous plant so that the leguminous plant meglumo thrips can be effectively prevented and treated, and compared with chemical prevention and treatment, the method is safe and effective; a new way is provided for prevention and treatment of the megaluthrips usitatus, and a new direction is also provided for application of the fusiform amblyseius.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to application of Lactoseiidae fusiformis in controlling leguminous plant Thrips beanus. Background Art

[0002] Lasioseius belongs to the genus Lasioseius of the family Ascidae, class Arachnida (Jiang et al., 2015). It was first discovered in rice fields in California, USA in 1958 (Kennett, 1958). Its generation cycle includes five stages: egg, larva, first nymph, second nymph, and adult. The specific morphology of each stage is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0003] At present, there are few reports on natural enemies of Hairy Seius mites at home and abroad, and there are few patents. As a local natural enemy in Hainan Province, Hairy Seius mites have a very broad application prospect.

[0004] Bean thrips is the number one pest on fruits and vegetables in Hainan Province and Southeast Asian countries, especially on leguminous crops. The excessive use of chemical pesticides in cowpeas is basically caused by the control of bean thrips, so it is urgent to find a biological control method that can replace chemical pesticides to control bean thrips.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention aims to provide application of fusiformis mite in preventing and controlling leguminous plant Macrothrips beanus.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention provides application of the fusiform mites in preventing and controlling the leguminous plant Macrothrips beanus.

[0009] Preferably, the method for controlling Macrothrips beanensis in leguminous plants using the fusiform mites is: releasing the fusiform mites into the leguminous plants.

[0010] Preferably, the number ratio of Lactoiseius fusiformis to Thrips bean is 1:2-10.

[0011] The invention also provides the use of a biological preparation containing the fusiform mites in preventing and controlling Macrothrips beanensis of the leguminous plant.

[0012] The present invention also provides a biological preparation with Trichoseiidae fusiformis, the biological preparation comprising Trichoseiidae fusiformis and a matrix;

[0013] The ratio of the amount of hair-seius mites added to the substrate is 10 to 20 heads: 1g.

[0014] Preferably, the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 110 parts of wheat bran, 6 to 8 parts of yeast powder, and 2 to 4 parts of white sugar;

[0015] The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps: mixing wheat bran, yeast powder and white sugar to obtain the matrix.

[0016] The invention also provides a method for preparing the biological agent, which comprises mixing the fusiform mites with a matrix to obtain the biological agent containing the fusiform mites.

[0017] The invention also provides application of the biological agent in preventing and controlling leguminous plant Thrips beanus.

[0018] Preferably, the method for using the biological agent to control Macrothrips beanus in the leguminous plant is: applying the biological agent to the leguminous plant.

[0019] Preferably, the application amount of the biological agent applied to the leguminous plants is 4-8 kg / mu.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention provides an application of the fusiform mites in preventing and controlling the leguminous plant Macrothrips bean. The method of the present invention can effectively prevent and control the leguminous plant Macrothrips bean, and the method of the present invention is safer and more effective than chemical control;

[0022] The fusiform hair-seius mite of the present invention is easy to breed, has low cost, and has a wide range of application prospects;

[0023] The invention provides a new approach for the prevention and treatment of Macrothrips beanus and also provides a new direction for the application of Trichoseiidae. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The morphology of each life cycle of the fusiform mites, where a is the egg, b is the young mite, c is the first nymph, d is the second nymph, and e is the adult mite (the left is the female and the right is the male);

[0025] Figure 2 The survival and mortality rates of Trichoseiidae fusiformis mites feeding on different foods;

[0026] Figure 3 is the male-female ratio of Trichoseiidae when feeding on different foods;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the functional response of the fusiform mites to the predation of the first-instar nymphs of Thrips cephalotaxus;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the effect of releasing fusiform mites in the field to control bean thrips. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The invention provides application of the fusiform mites in preventing and controlling the leguminous plant Macrothrips beanus.

[0030] In the present invention, the method for controlling Macrothrips beanensis of leguminous plants with the fusiform mites is as follows: releasing the fusiform mites into the leguminous plants.

[0031] In the present invention, the ratio of the number of Lactoiseius fusiformis to that of Thrips bean is 1:2 to 10, preferably 1:4 to 8, and more preferably 1:6.

[0032] In the present invention, the leguminous plant is preferably cowpea;

[0033] The bean thrips is preferably a first-instar nymph;

[0034] In the present invention, the release period is any period, preferably the seedling stage and / or the blooming stage of the leguminous plant;

[0035] The release frequency is once every 8 to 12 days, for 2 to 3 times in a row; preferably once every 10 days, for 3 times in a row;

[0036] The release time is: on sunny days, release at 9:00-10:00 am every day, preferably at 9:00 am every day; or release at 3:00-5:00 pm every day, preferably at 4:00 pm every day; release at any time on cloudy days.

[0037] The invention also provides the use of a biological preparation containing the fusiform mites in preventing and controlling Macrothrips beanensis of the leguminous plant.

[0038] The present invention also provides a biological preparation with Trichoseiidae fusiformis, the biological preparation comprising Trichoseiidae fusiformis and a matrix;

[0039] The ratio of the amount of the fusiform mites to the substrate added is 10 to 20 heads: 1 g, preferably 13 to 17 heads: 1 g, and more preferably 15 heads: 1 g.

[0040] In the present invention, the matrix includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0041] 90 to 110 parts of wheat bran, preferably 95 to 105 parts, more preferably 100 parts;

[0042] Yeast powder 6-8 parts, preferably 6.5-7.5 parts, more preferably 7 parts;

[0043] 2 to 4 parts of white sugar, preferably 2.5 to 3.5 parts, more preferably 3 parts;

[0044] The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps: mixing wheat bran, yeast powder and white sugar to obtain the matrix.

[0045] In the present invention, before the wheat bran, yeast powder and white granulated sugar are mixed, the yeast powder and the white granulated sugar need to be beaten into powder.

[0046] The invention also provides a method for preparing the biological agent, which comprises mixing the fusiform mites with a matrix to obtain the biological agent containing the fusiform mites.

[0047] The invention also provides application of the biological agent in preventing and controlling leguminous plant Thrips beanus.

[0048] In the present invention, the method for using the biological agent to control leguminous plants, Thrips leguminosae, is as follows: applying the biological agent to the leguminous plants.

[0049] In the present invention, the application amount of the biological agent applied to the leguminous plants is 4-8 kg / mu, preferably 5-7 kg / mu, and more preferably 6 kg / mu;

[0050] In the present invention, the biological agent is used at any time, preferably during the seedling stage and / or flowering stage of leguminous plants;

[0051] The frequency of application of the biological agent is once every 8 to 12 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times; preferably once every 10 days, for 3 consecutive times;

[0052] The administration time of the biological agent is: on sunny days, it is released at 9:00-10:00 a.m. every day, preferably at 9:00 a.m. every day; or it is released at 3:00-5:00 p.m. every day, preferably at 4:00 p.m. every day;

[0053] Apply at any time on cloudy days.

[0054] In the present invention, the leguminous plant is preferably cowpea; and the bean thrips is preferably a first-instar nymph.

[0055] In the present invention, it is prohibited to spray spectral chemical insecticides and mites within 12 to 16 days after applying the biological agent; preferably, it is prohibited to spray spectral chemical insecticides and mites within 13 to 15 days, and more preferably, it is prohibited to spray spectral chemical insecticides and mites within 14 days.

[0056] In the present invention, the biological preparation can be stored at 5 to 15°C. If the storage time exceeds 8 to 12 days, the number of Trichoseiidae in the biological preparation needs to be retested.

[0057] The storage temperature is preferably 8-12° C., more preferably 10° C.; the storage time is preferably 9-11 days, more preferably 10 days.

[0058] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1: Rearing of Trichoseiidae

[0060] The fusiform mites were fed with sweet fruit mites and bean thrips as food for one generation, and sufficient food (5 first-instar nymphs of bean thrips or 10 sweet fruit mites) was provided to the fusiform mites every day until the fusiform mites grew into adult mites; the results are shown in Table 1;

[0061] After feeding the mites for one generation, the survival rate, mortality rate and male-female ratio of the mites were calculated. Figures 2-3 As shown;

[0062] The survival rate of Trichoseiidae fusiformis = number of survivors / initial feeding number;

[0063] Mortality rate = 1-survival rate;

[0064] The female-male ratio of the food consumed by the fusiform hair-seiid mites = the number of remaining female fusiform hair-seiid mites / the number of remaining male fusiform hair-seiid mites.

[0065] Table 1 Effects of different foods on the developmental period of Trichoseiidae

[0066]

[0067] From Table 1 and Figures 2-3 It can be seen that the fusiform hair-seiid mites can complete their life cycle when feeding on the forage mite sweet fruit mite and bean thrips. The generation period when feeding on bean thrips is higher than that when feeding on sweet fruit mite. There is basically no difference in the survival rate of the fusiform hair-seiid mites between the two foods (both are 80%), and there is no significant difference in the male-female ratio (the male-female ratio of bean thrips is 2:1; the male-female ratio of sweet fruit mite is 13:5). Therefore, both sweet fruit mite and bean thrips can be used as feed for fusiform hair-seiid mites.

[0068] Example 2 Predation of Lachnoseiidae on Thrips leucoderma

[0069] Female adult hair-shaped mites that had emerged for 3 days and had mated were starved for 24 hours and then placed in the experimental chambers individually. Each chamber was placed with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 newly hatched first-instar nymphs of Thrips leucoderma. The chambers were placed in an intelligent artificial climate chamber (PRX-350C, Ningbo Haishu Saifu Experimental Instrument Factory) at 25±1℃, RH (60±5)%, and 16L:8D. After 24 hours, the predatory mites were observed for predatory feeding. Each treatment was repeated 10 times. The predation was statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Figure 4 shown.

[0070] Table 2 Predation of the fusiform mites on first-instar nymphs of Thrips fasciatus at different densities

[0071] Prey density (head) Prey quantity (head) 5 3.60±0.16c 10 6.70±0.26b 15 6.80±0.20b 20 7.00±0.15ab 25 7.10±0.18ab 30 7.40±0.16a

[0072] As can be seen from Table 2, the predation of the fusiform hair-seiid mite on the first-instar nymphs of the bean thrips at low density was as follows: with the increase of prey density, the predation of the fusiform hair-seiid mite increased significantly (P < 0.05); when the prey density was greater than 20, the predatory mite's predation gradually stabilized; when the prey density was the highest, the predation could reach 7.40 ± 0.16 heads;

[0073] from Figure 4 It can be seen that when the initial prey density is low, the predation rate of fusiform mites on the first-instar nymphs of Thrips bean is relatively high.

[0074] according to Figure 4 The binomial logistic regression coefficient and predation functional response parameter were established based on the curve. The specific data are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0075] Table 3 Logistic regression coefficient estimates of the functional response of Trichoseiidae to first-instar nymphs of Thrips cephalus

[0076]

[0077] Table 4. Predation functional response parameters of the fusiform mites on the first instar nymphs of Thrips bean

[0078]

[0079] As can be seen from Table 3, the estimated value of P1 is -0.0775, and the result is less than 0, so the predation of the first-instar nymphs of Macrothrips bean by the fusiform mites shows a functional response type II;

[0080] As can be seen from Table 4, when the fusiform mites took the first-instar nymphs of Macrothrips beanus as prey, the attack rate in the predation functional response parameters was 0.83, the treatment time was 0.074d, and the maximum daily predation was 13.51 heads.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] A biological agent with Trichoseiidae

[0083] 70g of yeast powder and 30g of white sugar were mixed into powder, and then mixed with 1000g of wheat bran and 17600 hair-like mites to obtain a biological agent.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] A biological agent with Trichoseiidae

[0086] 80g of yeast powder and 20g of white sugar are mixed into powder, and then mixed with 900g of wheat bran and 12,000 Trichoseiidae to obtain a biological agent.

[0087] Example 5

[0088] A biological agent with Trichoseiidae

[0089] 60g of yeast powder and 40g of white sugar were mixed into powder, and then mixed with 1100g of wheat bran and 21600 hair-like mites to obtain a biological agent.

[0090] Example 6 Field test of Trichoseiidae

[0091] According to patent CN116035036A "Application of New Small Seiyu Mites in Controlling Bean Thrips of Leguminosae Plants", when cowpeas just enter the seedling stage, the occurrence density of bean thrips in cowpeas is 2 to 5 heads / plant, with an average of 3.5 heads / plant. Use plant protection drones to spray the biological preparation described in Example 3, with a spraying amount of 4.0 kg / mu. If it is sunny, spray at 4 pm every day, and if it is cloudy, spray all day long; when cowpeas just enter the flowering period, the occurrence density of bean thrips is 6 to 10 heads / plant, with an average of 8 heads / plant. Use plant protection drones to spray the biological preparation described in Example 3 (fusiform hairy seiyu mites), with a spraying amount of 8.0 kg / mu. If it is sunny, spray at 9 am every day, and if it is cloudy, spray all day long, release once every 10 days, and spray three times continuously during the flowering period. Spraying of broad-spectrum chemical insecticides and acaricides is prohibited within 14 days of spraying biological preparations. The control group (CK group) was not sprayed with the biological agent described in Example 3; the control effect of the biological agent on Macrothrips leucoderma was observed. The specific control effect is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0092] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the number of Thrips leucophylla after spraying the biological agent described in Example 3 is significantly less than that of the control group.

[0093] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides the use of Trichoseiidae in controlling the leguminous plant Macrothrips bean, and the method of the present invention can effectively control the leguminous plant Macrothrips bean, and the method of the present invention is safer and more effective than chemical control.

[0094] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of the fusiform mites in controlling the bean thrips of the leguminous plant.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preventing and controlling Macrothrips beanensis of leguminous plants by using the fusiform mites is as follows: releasing the fusiform mites into the leguminous plants.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number ratio of the fusiform mites to the bean thrips is 1:2~10.

4. The application of biological agents containing fusiform mites in the prevention and control of bean thrips in the leguminous plant.

5. A biological agent containing Trichoseiidae, characterized in that: The biological agent includes Trichoseiidae fusiformis and a matrix; The ratio of the amount of hair-seius mites added to the substrate is 10 to 20 heads: 1g.

6. The biological agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The matrix comprises the following components by weight: 90 to 110 parts of wheat bran, 6 to 8 parts of yeast powder, and 2 to 4 parts of white sugar; The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps: mixing wheat bran, yeast powder and white sugar to obtain the matrix.

7. The method for preparing the biological agent according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The fusiformis mites are mixed with a matrix to obtain a biological preparation containing the fusiformis mites.

8. Use of the biological agent according to claim 5 or 6 in controlling leguminous plants Macrothrips beanus.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for using the biological agent to prevent and control Macrothrips beanus in leguminous plants is as follows: applying the biological agent to the leguminous plants.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The application amount of the biological agent to leguminous plants is 4-8 kg / mu.

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