Dry direct seeding management method for changing water-saving and drought-resistant low-yield rice field into high-yield rice field in yellow flood area

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry direct seeding management method for changing a water-saving and drought-resistant rice low-yield field into a high-yield field in a yellow flood area, which comprises the following steps of: firstly ploughing, then rotatably returning previous wheat straws to the field by using a straw decay-promoting fungicide, fertilizing a base fertilizer for the second time, adding a soil conditioner and a slow-release high-water-absorption seed coating agent for seed dressing, then seeding, and changing the use period of a vigorous growth control agent. The overgrowing control agent is applied during first-time closed weeding to prevent lodging, and nitrogen control, potassium increase, stalk strengthening and grain saturation are carried out in the middle and later periods until the water-saving and drought-resistant rice is mature. According to the method, a deep and fertile plowing layer with appropriate acid and alkali is cultivated in a rotary mode after plowing, nutrition is continuously supplied to a root layer with the thickness of about 40 cm in each growth period of the water-saving and drought-resistant rice, and a good high-yield foundation is laid for increasing effective ears and preventing premature senility; seed coating agents containing drought-resistant agents are used for seed dressing before sowing, and the drought resistance and disease and pest resistance of the seeds are enhanced; the vigorous growth control agent is added during closed weeding after sowing, and the height control and lodging resistance of the water-saving and drought-resistant rice are promoted while weeding is conducted. The method effectively improves the heading rate of the water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the yellow flood area, prevents the technical problems of large-group lodging, premature senility, yield reduction and the like, and enables the low-yield field in the yellow flood area to stably obtain ultrahigh yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water-saving and drought-resistant rice, and in particular relates to a dry direct seeding management method for converting low-yield fields of water-saving and drought-resistant rice into high-yield fields in the Yellow River flooding area. Background Art

[0002] Water-saving and drought-resistant rice is a new type of cultivated rice bred by introducing the water-saving and drought-resistant characteristics of upland rice on the basis of the progress of rice technology. In April 2016, two agricultural industry standards, "Terms of Water-saving and Drought-resistant Rice" (NY / T2862-2015) and "Technical Specifications for Identification of Drought Resistance of Water-saving and Drought-resistant Rice" (NY / T2863-2015), were officially promulgated and implemented. Water-saving and drought-resistant rice integrates the high yield and high quality of rice with the water-saving and drought-resistant properties of upland rice. In paddy fields, it does not need to be flooded during the entire growth period. Its yield and rice quality are basically the same as those of rice, but it can save more than 50% of water. In low-lying dryland fields and water-deficient rice fields, dry direct seeding can be carried out like planting wheat. It has a good ability to resist drought. When encountering drought during critical periods, appropriate water supplementation is sufficient. In terms of cultivation and management, it is simple and easy, with high input-output ratio, and is very suitable for mechanized operations. The water-saving and drought-resistant rice varieties that have been approved for planting in the Yellow River flooding areas include: Hanyou 3015 (Nationally Approved Rice 20200312), Hanyou 116 (Nationally Approved Rice 20200313), Hanyou 761 (Nationally Approved Rice 20243142) and other varieties.

[0003] For a long time, the yield of low-lying dryland fields after wheat harvest and water-deficient rice fields in the Yellow River flooding area north of the main irrigation canal in northern Jiangsu, Huaibei in Anhui, eastern Henan, and southern Shandong has been low and unstable. In particular, low-lying dryland fields have traditionally been planted with corn and soybeans. The most notable feature of these drylands is that waterlogging occurs when it rains in summer, causing a significant reduction in crop yields or even a total crop failure. In recent years, new varieties of water-saving and drought-resistant rice have been promoted in the Yellow River flooding area, enabling these low-yield fields that rely on the weather to harvest to obtain a relatively stable rice yield. However, due to the poor quality of soil preparation in the Yellow River flooding area, the difficulty in controlling the basic seedlings, the high salinity and alkali content, the serious return of salt and alkali in the soil during dry weather, and the insufficient number of ears, coupled with the generally high straw of water-saving and drought-resistant rice varieties, and the lodging in the later period, the yield of water-saving and drought-resistant rice has been hovering around 400kg / mu. To achieve high yields (600-650kg / mu) on the basis of the current cultivation level, it is necessary to increase the amount of fertilizer (especially nitrogen fertilizer), and lodging has become the norm when the yield is high.

[0004] The main reasons for the unstable high yield of water-saving and drought-resistant rice are: 1) Poor land preparation quality, the nutrient structure of the tillage layer does not match the high-yield demand: the straw is fully returned to the field, the soil tillage layer is shallow, the straw and soil are unevenly mixed, and it is difficult to harrow, compact, and level the soil after rotary tillage. It does not retain moisture and fertilizer, and it is easy to cause the soil to be empty, resulting in soil leakage and hanging seedlings. Once the moisture conditions cannot keep up, it is difficult for the rice seedlings to grow and develop normally.

[0005] 2) Severe lodging in the middle and late stages: To achieve super high yields, water-saving and drought-resistant rice must have a high population density (the number of ears per mu must exceed 190,000 to 200,000), but at super high population density, the stems of water-saving and drought-resistant rice, especially the internodes at the base, are long, weak and prone to disease. Rain, wind, disease or heavy ears can easily cause large-scale lodging. To achieve super high yields, water-saving and drought-resistant rice must increase the amount of fertilizer. If nitrogen is heavy and potassium is light, it is easy to cause excessive growth of stems and leaves, resulting in uncoordinated vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and finally lodging, resulting in a significant drop in yield.

[0006] 3) The period from sowing to jointing is restricted by salinity and alkali: the Yellow River flooding area is mostly saline-alkali soil, with a high pH value (7.5-8.5), alkaline soil, low soil fertility and poor physical and chemical properties. For water-saving and drought-resistant rice, once drought occurs after sowing, salt and alkali will return. If such fields are not irrigated in time, the emergence rate and seedling rate will decrease, and the proportion of yellowing and albino seedlings will be high, affecting the normal growth of water-saving and drought-resistant rice.

[0007] 4) Inconsistency between the front and back: Slow growth in the seedling stage, insufficient vegetative growth, rapid growth in the jointing and heading stage, ineffective tillering is difficult to control, and the number of effective ears does not meet the standard. The fruit setting rate and head rice rate are low in the later stage.

[0008] Therefore, insufficient effective panicles of water-saving and drought-resistant rice, lodging in the middle and late stages, salinity and alkali in the seedling stage, and uncoordinated growth in the early and late stages are the main reasons for the inability to obtain super-high yields or the unstable super-high yields, which seriously hinder the further increase in the yield of water-saving and drought-resistant rice.

[0009] How to tap the potential for increasing the yield of water-saving and drought-resistant rice through more reasonable and scientific soil, pesticide, fertilizer and water management methods so that the low-yield fields in this area can stably obtain super-high yields is a technical problem that still needs to be further resolved. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dry direct seeding management method for transforming low-yield fields of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields, which can achieve super high yield without lodging and stabilize the per-acre yield of water-saving and drought-resistant rice at 700 kg or above.

[0011] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A dry direct seeding management method for converting low-yield fields of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Plough first and then hoe, return all the wheat straw from the previous crop to the field, and create a 30-35cm deep, fertile, and acid-base appropriate tillage layer: S11. Spread wheat straw evenly on the desired sowing plot before deep plowing, and evenly spread the following fertilizers on the surface: 10kg / mu of straw rot-promoting bacteria agent, 2kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 1kg / mu of borax, and 40kg / mu of potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, and deep plow the soil 30-35cm after spreading; S12. Spread 5-10kg / mu of soil conditioner, 15kg / mu of urea, 50kg / mu of phosphate fertilizer, 20-25kg / mu of potassium sulfate, and 2-4t / mu of organic fertilizer on the surface after deep plowing, and then crush the surface soil with a rotary flattening and rotary crushing; S2. Mix seeds with a seed dressing agent containing a drought-resistant agent: Mix seeds with 350g / mu of seed dressing agent per acre of water-saving and drought-resistant rice seeds before sowing, and sow after drying; S3. Watering after sowing: After sowing, irrigate the required plots of land to make the moisture content of the cultivated layer reach 70-80% of the soil field water holding capacity; S4. Change the application period of growth control agent to prevent lodging: 2 to 3 days after sowing, add 10% 10% chloranthazole 20ml / mu during the first closed weeding; S5. Potassium supplementation in the middle and late stages: Apply pure potassium at 5-7.5 kg / mu during the jointing and booting stage, and apply 550 g / L liquid potassium 2-3 times before the heading and flowering in combination with pest control, 50-100 g / mu each time; S6. Water three times: seedling emergence, heading formation, and filling. No irrigation is required when the water holding capacity of the tillage layer is 65-70%. During the ear differentiation period, the rice leaves curl due to drought and water shortage in the field. If they cannot fully open the next day, water should be added in time. S7. Follow conventional field management and pest and disease control methods until the water-saving and drought-resistant rice matures.

[0012] Preferably, in step S11, a five-furrow plow is used for deep plowing, and in step S12, a rotary tiller is used for leveling the ground surface.

[0013] Preferably, in step S11, the straw-rotting-promoting microbial agent is a granular product containing three or more species of fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, etc., and the number of effective bacteria is ≧50 million / g.

[0014] Preferably, in step S12, the phosphate fertilizer is 50 kg / mu of superphosphate.

[0015] Preferably, the organic fertilizer in step S12 is decomposed pig manure, cow manure, or edible fungus residue.

[0016] Preferably, in S2, the sowing rate of water-saving and drought-resistant rice is 1.75-2.25 kg / mu.

[0017] Preferably, the sowing time of the S2 water-saving and drought-resistant rice is selected from June 5 to 10 every year.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, the seed coating agent is a slow-release highly water-absorbent seed coating agent, the matrix of which is a water-retaining agent and a slow-release agent, and the auxiliary agents include fungicides, insecticides, and plant growth regulators.

[0019] Preferably, in S4, the herbicide used in the first closed application is 48% butralin 200-250 g / mu.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Ploughing first and then rotary tillage, returning all the wheat straw from the previous crop to the field, and innovating the cultivation technology of a deep, fertile, and acid-base appropriate (soil pH <7.9) tillage layer: Cultivating a deep, fertile tillage layer can promote the root growth of water-saving and drought-resistant rice, enhance its ability to retain fertilizer and water, and effectively prevent premature aging. It is a key technology for water-saving and drought-resistant rice to achieve super-high yields. Most of the soil in the Yellow River flooding area has a shallow tillage layer and a deep pear bottom layer, which limits the root growth of water-saving and drought-resistant rice and its absorption of nutrients and water. In recent years, with the ban on straw burning and the full return of straw to the field, the soil tillage layer is shallow, the straw and soil are unevenly mixed, and it is difficult to harrow, compact, and level after rotary tillage. It does not retain moisture and fertilizer, and it is easy to cause the soil to be emptied, resulting in wind-leaking soil and hanging root seedlings. Once the moisture content is not enough, it is difficult for the rice seedlings to grow and develop normally, which further reduces the tillage quality when sowing water-saving and drought-resistant rice in this area. At present, the practice of high-yield and super-high-yield is to till the soil to a depth of 15 to 18 cm, and it is not possible to deepen the soil layer at one time to avoid reducing crop yields. The present invention combines organic fertilizers with chemical fertilizers, uses superphosphate for phosphate fertilizers, combines straw with straw-promoting bacteria, applies base fertilizer twice, and tills soil conditioners into the soil. It successfully cultivates a 15-18 cm thick tillage layer into a 30-35 cm deep, fertile, acid-base suitable fertile tillage layer at one time. This technology has four breakthroughs: 1) High nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are combined with different phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and straw-promoting bacteria. The present invention finds the basis for fertilizing and utilizing straw to prevent crop lodging from the nutritional theory. Practice also proves that high-amount application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium prevents crops from lodging, breaking through the bottleneck of not daring to apply heavy fertilizers to water-saving and drought-resistant rice, and giving full play to the yield-increasing effect of the number of ears per mu; 2) The base fertilizer is applied twice to quickly mature the raw soil turned to the tillage layer, and fertilize the raw soil that is deeply turned to the surface again. Through the integration of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the influence of raw soil on the emergence and growth of water-saving and drought-resistant rice is eliminated, and the 15-18cm thick tillage layer is thickened to 30-35cm at one time; 3) Fertilizer is deeply applied, and the tillage layer is thickened by 1 times, which improves the fertilizer utilization rate. Because the crop root system has the characteristic of growing toward fertilizer, the root system is promoted to grow to the deep layer, and the crop's anti-lodging ability is significantly enhanced; 4) The deep application of straw rot-promoting bacteria and the shallow application of soil conditioners can promote the decomposition of straw and cultivate a fertile tillage layer. At the same time, it can also reduce alkali and salt, regulate soil pH, improve soil aggregate structure, increase seedling rate, and reduce the occurrence of yellowing and albino seedlings.

[0021] (2) Seed coating technology innovation: Before sowing, a seed coating agent prepared with water-retaining agent and slow-release agent as the matrix is ​​added with fungicides, insecticides and plant growth regulators. After sowing, the seeds can quickly absorb water and form a 1.5-2 cm water-storing medicine ball at the root, which ensures the water supply required for seed germination and seedlings, significantly improves the drought resistance of seeds, and promotes early germination, more germination and good seedlings. The plant growth regulators and micro-fertilizers contained in the seed coating agent can also coordinate water, fertilizer and air at the root, balance the water and electrolyte metabolism in the rice seedlings, and is conducive to the growth of the root system and the occurrence of tillering, which effectively ensures the strong seedlings and roots. The fungicides and insecticides in the seed coating agent also provide a safe barrier for the invasion of pests and diseases on the seeds and the surrounding areas. The seed coating agent is a slow-release and highly water-absorbent seed coating agent. It was previously used on the seedling pad field for raising seedlings. It is the first time to be used in the field preparation of water-saving and drought-resistant rice for direct seeding in the field.

[0022] (3) Changing the use period of growth control agents to prevent lodging: In the past, growth control agents were used during seed dressing or before rice jointing. When used during seed dressing, farmers have difficulty controlling the concentration, which poses a threat to normal seedling emergence; when used before or after jointing, it is very easy to suppress excessive growth and affect yield. Adding 10% vinafloprolol 20ml / mu to control growth during the first closed weeding after sowing water-saving and drought-resistant rice can effectively avoid the above risks. It not only has a good growth control effect, but is also easy to operate, saving time and effort. Vinafloprolol is a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency plant growth regulator with both bactericidal and weed control functions. Vinafloprolol can be absorbed by seeds, roots, and buds, and circulates between organs, inhibiting cell elongation, shortening internodes, dwarfing plants, and enhancing stress resistance. The appropriate time of use will take the initiative to strengthen the stalks and resist lodging of water-saving and drought-resistant rice. The closed herbicide used is 48% butralin 200-250g / mu, which is mixed with 10% oxathiapiprolin 20ml / mu in a barrel. They can enhance each other's synergy. While removing weeds, it can also promote the root growth, tillering, height control and lodging resistance of water-saving and drought-resistant rice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples. Example

[0024] 1. Test location: Xiaoxiao Family Farm, Jiexun Village, Chengji Town, Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province. The previous crop was wheat. The field infrastructure is complete and the irrigation and drainage capacity is good. The test soil is sandy loam, and the basic physical and chemical properties are as follows: 2. Trial period: June 2023 to October 2023 3. Test process: The wheat will be harvested on June 4, 2023, and 10 acres of land south of Lianma Road will be selected for super-high yield demonstration.

[0025] Experimental group: Apply basal fertilizer on June 5, 2023 to create a deep and fertile tillage layer: 10kg / mu of straw decay-promoting bacteria, 2kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 1kg / mu of borax, and 25kg / mu of potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 compound fertilizer are evenly spread on the surface, and then use a five-furrow plow to deep plow the soil by 35cm; then 15kg / mu of urea, 50kg / mu of phosphate fertilizer, 25kg / mu of potassium sulfate, 10kg / mu of soil conditioner, 2t / mu of pig manure, and 1t / mu of edible fungus residue are spread on the deep plowed surface, and then use a rotary tiller to level and crush the surface soil.

[0026] The water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety selected on June 5, 2023 is Hanyou 761. The seeds used are mixed with a slow-release, highly water-absorbent seed coating agent (Hanyu Baonanny, developed by the Lixiahe Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Province) for seed coating. After coating, dry them for later use.

[0027] The seeds will be sown on June 6, 2023. After sowing, the sown plots will be irrigated to keep the moisture content of the tillage layer at 80% of the field water holding capacity of the soil.

[0028] During the first closed weeding after sowing water-saving and drought-resistant rice on June 9, 2023, add 10% chlorfenapyr 20 ml / mu to 48% butralin 250 g / mu herbicide and mix it with 60 kg / mu of water and spray evenly.

[0029] On August 15, 2023, apply 7.5kg / mu of pure potassium during the jointing and heading stage of water-saving and drought-resistant rice. Apply 550g / L liquid potassium twice before full heading and flowering in combination with pest and disease control, 80g / mu each time. Follow conventional field management and pest and disease control methods until the water-saving and drought-resistant rice matures.

[0030] There were four rainfalls during the booting and grain filling stages, and no additional irrigation (watering) was done.

[0031] Plant samples will be collected for planting on September 30, 2023, and harvested for yield calculation on October 19, 2023.

[0032] Control group: The water-saving and drought-resistant rice varieties and sowing rates were the same as those of the experimental group. The sowing date was June 6, 2023. Conventional soil, pesticide, fertilizer and water management was adopted (the fertilizer application rate was 15 kg / mu of urea and 25 kg / mu of potassium chloride type 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. The fertilizer was spread on the surface and then the soil was tilled to 15 cm. Sowing was done directly without irrigation. Plant samples were collected for seed testing on September 30, 2023, and harvested on October 19, 2023 for yield calculation.

[0033] Experimental results: After the test soil in the experimental group was treated by the method of this application, its basic physical and chemical properties were as follows: As can be seen from the table, the physical and chemical properties of the topsoil improved significantly before and after implementation: organic matter increased by 25.2%, total nitrogen increased by 31.9%, available phosphorus increased by 13.1%, available potassium increased by 24.2%, and the pH value decreased from 8.13 before implementation to 7.81 after implementation, a decrease of 4.09%.

[0034] Compared with the water-saving and drought-resistant rice plants in the control group, the experimental group has a large population of water-saving and drought-resistant rice plants, and the plants are evenly upright throughout the growth period until maturity, with hybrid advantages. No plants have fallen over in the whole field, and the plants mature 2 days later than the control. The control group had fallen over in the whole field by the time of harvest. As shown in the table below, the plant height of the water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the experimental group decreased by 5.4%, the number of panicles per mu increased by 6.5%, the thousand-grain weight increased by 13.6%, the number of grains per panicle decreased by 0.6%, and the actual yield was 779.33kg / mu, which was 28.9% higher than the conventional soil, pesticide, fertilizer and water management of water-saving and drought-resistant rice. See the table below: In summary, the technology of the present invention can effectively improve the heading rate of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area, prevent technical problems such as large-scale lodging and premature yield loss, and enable low-yield fields in this area to stably obtain super-high yields. Example

[0035] The test site is Pengtan Village, Nanji Town, Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province. The previous crop is wheat. The field infrastructure is complete and the irrigation and drainage capacity is good. The test soil is two-compound soil, and the basic physical and chemical properties are as follows: The experimental time and process are the same as those in Example 1.

[0036] Experimental results: After the test soil in the experimental group was treated by the method of this application, the changes in its basic physical and chemical properties are as follows: As can be seen from the table, the physical and chemical properties before and after implementation have improved significantly: organic matter increased by 15.7%, total nitrogen increased by 26 .9%, available phosphorus increased by 13.03%, available potassium increased by 28.6%, and the pH value dropped from 7.97 before implementation to 7.65 after implementation, a decrease of 4.18%.

[0037] Compared with the control group of water-saving and drought-resistant rice, the experimental group of water-saving and drought-resistant rice plant height decreased by 4.7%, the number of panicles per mu increased by 9.3%, the thousand-grain weight increased by 12.4%, the number of grains per panicle decreased by 0.1%, the actual yield was 797.46kg / mu, and no plants fell over in the whole field. Compared with the conventional soil, pesticide, fertilizer and water management, the yield increased by 26.9%. The control group also fell over in the whole field by the time of harvest. See the table below: Conclusion: In summary, the technology of the present invention can effectively improve the heading rate of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area, prevent technical problems such as large-scale lodging and premature yield loss, and enable low-yield fields in this area to stably obtain super-high yields.

Claims

1. A method for direct seeding management of low-yield water-saving and drought-resistant rice fields in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Plough first and then hoe, return all the wheat straw from the previous crop to the field, and create a deep, fertile, and acid-base appropriate tillage layer: S11. Spread wheat straw evenly on the desired sowing plot before deep plowing, and evenly spread the following fertilizers on the surface: 10kg / mu of straw rot-promoting bacteria agent, 2kg / mu of zinc sulfate, 1kg / mu of borax, and 40kg / mu of potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, and deep plow the soil 30-35cm after spreading; S12. Spread 5-10kg / mu of soil conditioner, 15kg / mu of urea, 50kg / mu of phosphate fertilizer, 20-25kg / mu of potassium sulfate, and 2-4t / mu of organic fertilizer on the surface after deep plowing, and then crush the surface soil with a rotary flattening and rotary crushing; S2. Mix seeds with a seed dressing agent containing a drought-resistant agent: Mix seeds with 350g / mu of seed dressing agent per acre of water-saving and drought-resistant rice seeds before sowing, and sow after drying; S3. Watering after sowing: After sowing, irrigate the required plots of land to make the moisture content of the cultivated layer reach 70-80% of the soil field water holding capacity; S4. Change the application period of growth control agent to prevent lodging: 2 to 3 days after sowing, add 10% 10% chloranthazole 20ml / mu during the first closed weeding; S5. Potassium supplementation in the middle and late stages: Apply pure potassium at 5-7.5 kg / mu during the jointing and booting stages, and apply 550 g / L liquid potassium 2-3 times before the heading and flowering in combination with pest control, 50-100 g / mu each time; S6. Water three times: seedling emergence, heading formation, and filling. No irrigation is required when the water holding capacity of the tillage layer is 65-70%. During the ear differentiation period, the rice leaves curl due to drought and water shortage in the field. If they cannot fully open the next day, water should be added in time. S7. Follow conventional field management and pest and disease control methods until the water-saving and drought-resistant rice matures.

2. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S11, a five-furrow plow is used for deep plowing, and in the step S12, a rotary tiller is used for leveling and crushing the ground surface.

3. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S11, the straw decay promoting microorganism agent is a granular product containing three or more components such as fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes, and the number of effective bacteria is ≥ 50 million / g.

4. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate.

5. The method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the soil conditioner is deep-sea salt-tolerant bacteria and seaweed polysaccharides, brown algae oligosaccharides, biochemical fulvic acid and other ingredients.

6. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the organic fertilizer is decomposed pig manure, cow manure, and edible fungus residue.

7. The method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the sowing rate of water-saving and drought-resistant rice is 1.75-2.25 kg / mu.

8. The method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the seed coating agent is a slow-release highly water-absorbent seed coating agent, the matrix of which is a water-retaining agent and a slow-release agent, and the auxiliary agents include bactericides, insecticides, and plant growth regulators.

9. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the sowing time of water-saving and drought-resistant rice is selected from June 5 to 10 every year.

10. A method for managing dry direct seeding of water-saving and drought-resistant rice in the Yellow River flooding area into high-yield fields as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the herbicide used in the first closed application is 48% butralin 200-250 g / mu.