Method for preventing and treating pear fire blight spots of bergamot pear trunks

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating pear fire blight spots on a trunk of bergamot pears, which comprises the following steps: preparation of a medicament combination liquid: diluting bacillus amyloliquefaciens with clear water by 300-400 times, diluting multi-manganese zinc with clear water by 400-500 times, mixing uniformly diluted medicaments according to the weight ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens to multi-manganese zinc of (1-1.5): (1-1.5), and preparing a medicament mixed liquid for later use; when the trunk is attacked in June every year, aiming at pear fire disease spots on the trunk of the bergamot pear, sawing off diseased bark at the pus drainage part of the trunk by using an electric saw until the xylem of the trunk is not damaged; dipping the prepared medicament mixed solution by using a brush, uniformly smearing scabs, and smearing for the second time after one week. The method is simple, convenient and rapid, low in cost and high in operability, the control effect can reach 100% under the condition that the tree body has withered symptoms due to the disease spots on the trunk, and the control effect can be about 75% when the tree body has withered symptoms is gradually recovered or sprouts and shoots are formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a new method for simply and quickly preventing and treating fire blight spots on a fragrant pear trunk. Background Art

[0002] There are various ways for pear fire blight to spread, including through wounds, rain, aerosols, soil and pollen. Leaves, fruits, inflorescences, side branches and trunks can all be infected. Among them, the infection of the trunk of fragrant pear by the fire blight bacteria is the main cause of tree death.

[0003] The existing prevention and control of fire blight of apricot mainly relies on chemical pesticides. Although they have certain preventive effects, they are easy to cause pesticide residues, endanger human health, and destroy the ecological balance. In addition, the long-term use of pesticides to prevent and control fire blight can easily make pathogens resistant, increasing the difficulty of fire blight prevention and control. Biological control uses secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms to prevent and control diseases, which can effectively solve the problem of pesticide residues, will not make pathogens resistant, is harmless to the human body, and will not cause environmental pollution. Studies have shown that Pantoea agglomerans E352 can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of fire blight of apricot by producing polyketide diphenhydramine and dipeptide pasteurium, but it is not easy to colonize in the field, especially in saline-alkali environments.

[0004] For example, Chinese authorized patent CN112358366B discloses a composite bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating apricot fire blight, and its preparation method and application, by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Candida guilliermondii in a specific mass ratio, and compounding a certain amount of cow dung, sheep dung, mushroom residue, fulvic acid, and grape dregs to prepare the composite bacterial fertilizer. The technical scheme of the composite bacterial fertilizer that can be used to prevent and treat apricot fire blight creatively proposed by the present invention, while forming a stable microecology and ensuring a high number of live bacteria through the compounding of bacterial species in a specific ratio, can not only promote plant growth but also have a significant effect on preventing and treating apricot fire blight, and can be applied in saline-alkali land, and can reduce the risk of pear trees being infected with apricot fire blight.

[0005] For another example, Chinese authorized patent CN115029269B discloses an antagonistic bacterium of amylovora that produces lipopeptide antibiotics, and its fermentation method and application, which belong to the field of agricultural microbial technology. The strain has been deposited in the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Committee, and is classified and named Bacillus Velez, with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 24843. The lipopeptide antibiotics produced by the strain have significant antagonistic effects and excellent disease prevention effects on amylovora, have a certain tolerance to high temperature, acid and alkali, protease, and ultraviolet rays, and have a fast growth and reproduction speed, strong competitiveness, can be produced cheaply, and have good development and application prospects. The present invention also discloses a fermentation method for improving the production of lipopeptide antibiotics by the strain, which is low-cost and easy to operate, and can improve the effect in the biological control of amylovora, and provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the industrial fermentation production of the strain and the research and development of amylovora biological pesticides.

[0006] However, the prevention and control methods disclosed in the prior art require the use of special strains, which are relatively costly. Especially when the main trunk is diseased, how to prevent and control it is still a huge challenge. Based on this, the Xinjiang Academy of Forestry’s Autonomous Region Fragrant Pear Industry Technology System post expert team has conducted 5 years of experimental research and developed a new amyloliquefaciens budding bacillus that is highly effective in preventing and controlling the main trunk lesions of fragrant pear fire blight, solving the problem of pear fire blight infecting the main trunk of fragrant pear trees and causing tree death. The relevant content has been protected by a patent application, and the patent application number is 202411889193.0. The content of the prior application is incorporated into the specification of this application as part of this application.

[0007] On the basis of the prior application, the inventors of the present application conducted further research and found that adding an appropriate amount of polymanganese zinc to the amyloliquefaciens strain can further prevent and control the pear fire blight spots on the main trunk of the fragrant pear. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a new method for simply and quickly preventing and treating the fire blight spots on the trunk of fragrant pear. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention relates to a method for preventing and treating fire blight spots on the trunk of a fragrant pear, which comprises the following steps:

[0010] ① Preparation of the combined liquid of the agent: dilute Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 300-400 times with clean water, and dilute poly-manganese zinc 400-500 times with clean water, mix the evenly diluted agents at a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5 between Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and poly-manganese zinc, and prepare the mixed liquid of the agent for standby use; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with an address of CGMCC No.28054, a preservation date of July 28, 2023, and a classification name of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;

[0011] ②When the main trunk is infected in June each year, use an electric saw to cut off the diseased bark at the pus-oozing part of the trunk, without damaging the xylem of the trunk.

[0012] ③ Use a brush to dip the prepared mixed liquid and apply it evenly to the lesions. Apply it a second time after 1 week.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 10 billion / g.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the polymanganese zinc is 40-60%.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a combined agent for preventing and treating fire blight spots on the trunk of fragrant pear, the agent comprising Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and polymanganese zinc, the weight ratio of the two being 1-1.5:1-1.5; the concentration of polymanganese zinc in the polymanganese zinc is 40-60%; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit number is CGMCC No.28054, and the deposit date is July 28, 2023.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the above-mentioned combined agent in preventing and controlling pear fire blight spots on the trunk of fragrant pear, the agent comprises Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and polymanganese zinc, and the weight ratio of the two is 1-1.5:1-1.5; the concentration of polymanganese zinc in the polymanganese zinc is 40-60%; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with a preservation number of CGMCC No.28054 and a preservation date of July 28, 2023.

[0017] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens belongs to the genus Bacillus, is a bacterium with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, has a strong ability to produce secondary metabolites, and can produce a variety of antibacterial substances. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was originally discovered and identified by Priest, and the model strain is ATCC23350. In recent years, with the discovery of the ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to inhibit fungi and bacteria, relevant scholars have successively isolated and identified new strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from plants and soil materials in different regions. The present invention unexpectedly found that the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain of the present invention has a good effect on preventing and controlling the fire blight spots on the main trunk of fragrant pear.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] ① The method of the present invention is simple, fast, low-cost and highly operable.

[0020] ② If the main trunk lesions have not yet caused the tree to die, the prevention effect can reach 100%. If the tree has already shown dieback symptoms, the tree can be gradually recovered, or new buds can be sent out and new branches can be formed, with a prevention effect of about 75%.

[0021] ③ Through trial demonstration in areas where pear fire blight occurs in Xinjiang, this technology can effectively solve the problem of tree death caused by disease in the main trunk of Xinjiang fragrant pear trees.

[0022] ④ The present invention screens out a specific Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which has a good effect on preventing and treating the pear fire blight spots on the main trunk of the fragrant pear. By combining with multi-manganese zinc, the pear fire blight spots on the main trunk of the fragrant pear can be synergistically prevented and treated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 : Experiment on the prevention and treatment of trunk lesions by applying medicine;

[0024] Figure 2 : Healing of trunk lesions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following preferred embodiments are combined with the accompanying drawings to describe in detail the specific implementation methods, technical solutions, features and effects of the present invention. The specific features, structures, or characteristics of the multiple embodiments in the following description can be combined in any appropriate form.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens used in the embodiment of the present invention is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 28054 and a deposit date of July 28, 2023. The strain is provided by Northwest University.

[0028] Prevention and treatment methods:

[0029] ① Test drug combination: 10 billion / g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 50% polymanganese zinc.

[0030] ②Preparation of the combined liquid of the agents: 1 kg of 10 billion / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens diluted 350 times with clean water, and 1 kg of 50% multi-manganese zinc diluted 450 times with clean water. Mix the diluted agents evenly and prepare the mixed liquid of the agents for use.

[0031] ③When the main trunk is diseased in June each year, 60 pear trees with diseased main trunks in the field are selected. Each tree has one lesion with similar diameters and the tree age and vigor are basically the same. For the pear fire blight lesions on the main trunk of the fragrant pear, a portable electric saw is used to cross-saw the diseased bark at the pus-oozing part of the trunk without damaging the xylem of the trunk. Figure 1 shown.

[0032] ④ Use a brush to dip the prepared mixed liquid of the medicine and evenly apply it to the lesions. Apply it for the second time after 1 week. The lesions applied with the above-mentioned mixed liquid are treated, and the lesions applied with the same weight of 10 billion / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 50% multi-manganese zinc are used as the control. Set 10 repetitions for treatment and control respectively. Observe the healing of the lesions every 15 days, and measure the size of the lesions with the cross method to grasp the dynamics of lesion healing, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cure rate of the lesions was calculated at the end of August of that year. The incidence rate was calculated based on the expansion / healing of the original lesions in the second year's pear growing season, and the control effect was calculated. The results are shown in the following table.

[0033] Table 1: Statistics of control effects

[0034]

[0035] Calculation formula for prevention effect:

[0036] It can be seen that the two agents (preparations) provided by the present invention have a certain control effect on the pear fire blight lesions on the trunk, and the control effect is above 60%. Among them, the mixed solution of the two agents has the best control effect, and the control effect reaches 100%.

[0037] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the above claims.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating fire blight spots on the trunk of a fragrant pear, comprising the following steps: ① Preparation of the combined liquid of the drug: dilute Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 300-400 times with clean water, and dilute poly-manganese zinc 400-500 times with clean water, mix the evenly diluted drugs at a weight ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5 between Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and poly-manganese zinc, and prepare the mixed liquid of the drugs for standby use; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with a deposit number of CGMCC No.28054 and a deposit date of July 28, 2023; ②When the main trunk is infected in June each year, use an electric saw to cut off the diseased bark at the pus-oozing part of the trunk, without damaging the xylem of the trunk. ③ Use a brush to dip the prepared mixed liquid and apply it evenly to the lesions. Apply it a second time after 1 week.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 10 billion / gram.

3. according to the method for claim 1, the concentration of described polymanganese zinc is 40-60%.

4. A combination agent for preventing and treating pear fire blight spots on the trunk of fragrant pear, the agent comprising Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and polymanganese zinc, the weight ratio of the two being 1-1.5:1-1.5; the concentration of polymanganese zinc in the polymanganese zinc is 40-60%; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Culture Collection Administration, with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 28054 and a deposit date of July 28, 2023.

5. Use of the combined agent according to claim 4 in preventing and treating fire blight spots on the trunk of fragrant pear.

6. The use according to claim 5, comprising recovering trees with dieback symptoms and / or allowing new buds to sprout and form new branches.

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