Preparation method of fermented feed and fermented feed prepared by same

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of feed preparation, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a fermented feed and the fermented feed prepared by the method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding water into a fermentation substrate to enable the water content of the fermentation substrate to reach 50-70%, adding a compound enzyme preparation, uniformly mixing, sterilizing, cooling to normal temperature, inoculating a zymophyte solution, uniformly mixing, and performing constant-temperature fermentation to obtain the feed additive, and S2, uniformly mixing the feed additive with a basic feed to obtain the fermented feed. The fermented feed provided by the invention has relatively high nutritional value and functionality, and can significantly enhance the growth performance and health level of animals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of feed preparation, and more specifically, to a method for preparing fermented feed and the fermented feed prepared by the method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of animal husbandry, my country's feed grain resources are in short supply. Every year, 40-50% of raw grain is directly used in the feed processing process. The problems of feed grain shortage and competition between people and animals for grain are becoming increasingly prominent. In 2020, my country imported a total of 142.621 million tons of grain, of which 100.3282 million tons of soybeans were imported, an increase of 11.7% year-on-year. Faced with the increasingly severe situation of competition between animal husbandry and people for grain and severe restrictions on the development of animal husbandry by feed raw material suppliers, the development and utilization of unconventional feed resources and the improvement of feed utilization are the key to breaking through the shortage of feed grain; reducing anti-nutritional factors in various raw materials and improving the decomposition efficiency of macromolecular proteins and energy substances are effective ways to improve feed utilization. The traditional corn-soybean meal feed diet formula and breeding management technology have reached a bottleneck, and new technologies, products and models are urgently needed to drive the sustainable development of the industry.

[0003] Among the numerous challenges and choices, fermented feed operations have emerged. Fermented feed is a feed that is made by processing feed raw materials with a variety of beneficial microorganisms or complex enzymes. It is also a new, green and safe biological substitute that can effectively reduce anti-nutritional factors in feed, improve the palatability of feed, increase the digestibility and utilization of feed by animals, stabilize the dynamic balance of animal intestinal microorganisms, and enhance immunity. At present, there are many fermented feeds on the market based on different raw materials and preparation methods, but these fermented feeds often rely on a single or limited type of enzymes or strains, resulting in low substrate utilization and poor fermentation efficiency, which reduces the promoting effect of fermented feed on animal growth and affects the growth and development of animals. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for preparing a fermented feed and the fermented feed prepared by the method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a fermented feed, which adopts the following technical scheme: A method for preparing a fermented feed comprises the following steps: S1, adding water to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 50-70%, adding a composite enzyme preparation, mixing evenly, and then sterilizing, the amount of the composite enzyme preparation is 0.010-0.072wt% of the fermentation substrate, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the fermentation broth, the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth is 2-10vol%, mixing evenly, and then fermenting at a constant temperature to obtain a feed additive; the composite enzyme preparation includes at least two of pectinase, lipase, protease, xylanase, mannanase, glucanase and cellulase; the fermentation broth includes at least two of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus crispatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis; S2. Evenly mix the feed additive with the basic feed to obtain a fermented feed. The amount of the feed additive is 10-20wt% of the basic feed.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application uses a composite enzyme preparation and a fermentation liquid to ferment the fermentation substrate, which can combine the two technologies of microbial fermentation and enzymolysis, decompose the macromolecular substances in the feed through the pretreatment of the enzyme, and provide a more easily usable substrate for the microorganisms, thereby accelerating the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms, significantly shortening the fermentation cycle, improving the fermentation efficiency, enhancing the utilization rate of the substrate, and improving the fermentation effect. And the use of a composite enzyme preparation and a fermentation liquid to ferment the fermentation substrate can not only decompose anti-nutritional factors, but also produce a variety of beneficial metabolites, such as organic acids, vitamins, amino acids, etc. These substances can improve the flavor and nutritional value of the feed, improve the digestion and absorption rate of animals, and enhance the growth performance of animals.

[0007] Among them, the composite enzyme preparation of the present application adopts at least two of pectinase, lipase, protease, xylanase, mannanase, glucanase and cellulase, which can effectively decompose complex organic substances, promote the release of nutrients, and enhance the digestion and absorption rate of feed. The fermentation broth of the present application adopts at least two of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus crispatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis, which can produce a variety of beneficial metabolites during the fermentation process, further improving the nutritional value and safety of the feed. In addition, the present application also optimizes the process parameters such as the water content of the fermentation substrate and the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth, ensuring that the fermentation process can be carried out efficiently and stably, improving the utilization rate of the substrate, obtaining high-quality fermentation products, thereby enhancing the growth performance of the animal.

[0008] Preferably, the fermentation substrate includes 70-140 parts of corn husk, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 2-8 parts of sweet potato residue, 1.5-2.5 parts of bamboo powder, 30-40 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 1-2 parts of bilberry leaf powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of platycodon powder, and 0.01-0.02 parts of astragalus powder.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application optimizes the component ratio of the fermentation substrate, especially adds bamboo powder, eucommia leaf powder, blueberry leaf powder, platycodon powder and astragalus powder, thereby improving the nutritional value and functionality of the feed and enhancing the growth performance and health level of animals.

[0010] Preferably, the weight ratio of the blueberry leaf powder to the platycodon powder is 1:(0.6-1.0).

[0011] Preferably, the weight ratio of the blueberry leaf powder to the platycodon powder is 1:0.8.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application further optimizes the ratio of bilberry leaf powder and platycodon powder, which can give full play to the synergistic effect between the two, improve the antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of fermented feed, thereby improving the intestinal health of animals, enhancing the immunity of animals, and improving the growth performance and health level of animals. Specifically, bilberry leaf powder is a bilberry leaf extract, which is rich in antioxidants and multivitamins, and platycodon powder is a platycodon extract, which is rich in polysaccharide components. The optimization of the ratio of the two can significantly enhance the release and stability of active ingredients in feed. It has been proved by experiments that when the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder and platycodon powder is 1:0.8, the synergistic effect between the two is the strongest, so that the fermented feed has the best effect on improving the growth performance of animals.

[0013] Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation comprises pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of (0.8-1.2):1:(0.8-1.2).

[0014] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present application further adopts a mixture of pectinase, glucanase and cellulase as a composite enzyme preparation to ferment the fermentation substrate of the present application, which can give full play to the synergistic effect between the three, improve the decomposition efficiency of the fermentation substrate, and promote the release of nutrients, thereby improving the quality and nutritional value of the final fermented feed.

[0015] Preferably, the fermentation broth comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:(0.7-1.3):1:1.

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present application further adopts a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis as the fermentation liquid to ferment the fermentation substrate of the present application, which can give full play to the synergistic effect between the four strains, effectively improve the biological activity in the fermentation process, thereby improving the quality and functionality of the fermented feed, and then improving the digestion and absorption ability and immunity of animals, and promoting the growth and development of animals.

[0017] Preferably, in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 60-65%.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the moisture content in the fermentation process can be controlled more accurately, so that the moisture content of the fermentation substrate is maintained within the optimal range, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency of the complex enzyme preparation and the fermentation liquid. This not only helps to speed up the fermentation speed, but also effectively improves the quality and nutritional value of the final fermented feed, ensuring that it has good palatability and absorption and digestion properties.

[0019] Preferably, in S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth is 5-7 vol%.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application further optimizes the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria solution, making the fermentation process more stable and efficient, and improving the fermentation effect.

[0021] Preferably, in S1, the temperature of constant temperature fermentation is 35-37°C and the time is 48-72h.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the application controls the temperature of constant temperature fermentation within the range of 35-37°C, which can effectively promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the fermentation liquid, improve the fermentation efficiency and product quality. At the same time, the fermentation time is set to 48-72h, which ensures the full progress of the fermentation process, so that the nutrients in the fermentation substrate are converted into beneficial substances to the maximum extent, thereby improving the nutritional value and functionality of the final fermented feed and promoting the growth and development of animals.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a fermented feed prepared by the above preparation method.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application significantly improves the degradation rate of anti-nutritional factors in the fermentation substrate by adding a specific proportion of compound enzyme preparations and multi-strain fermentation broth, thereby improving the overall nutritional value and digestion and absorption efficiency of the feed, promoting the growth and development of animals, and improving the growth performance of animals; 2. The fermentation substrate of the present application adds bamboo powder, eucommia leaf powder, bilberry leaf powder, platycodon powder and astragalus powder to conventional corn husk and soybean meal, and optimizes the ratio, which significantly improves the nutritional value and functionality of the feed and enhances the growth performance and health level of animals; 3. The composite enzyme preparation of the present application includes a variety of enzymes, which can effectively decompose macromolecular proteins, cellulose and other complex carbohydrates, making the fermentation products easier to metabolize and utilize in animals, thereby improving the conversion rate of feed; 4. The present application uses a specific proportion of multi-strain fermentation liquid, which not only enhances the palatability and stability of the feed, but also promotes the balance of the animal's intestinal microecology, further improving the animal's immune function and growth performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in this application are all commercially available products.

[0027] The basic feed in the fermented feed of the present application can be configured according to the type of animal being fed. In the specific implementation of the present application, taking feeding of weaned piglets as an example, the granules are prepared with reference to the NRC (2012) nutritional requirement standard. The specific composition and nutritional composition are shown in Table 1. The crude protein in the nutritional level is the measured value, and the rest are calculated values; Table 1 Basic diet composition and nutritional composition The premix provided per kilogram of basic feed includes: copper 20-50g, iron 28-75g, zinc 20-44g, manganese 5-15g, iodine 200-1000mg, selenium 50-200mg, vitamin A 1000000-4000000IU, vitamin D3 15000-1000000IU, vitamin E 2500-13500IU, vitamin K3 2.5mg, vitamin B 12 10mg, vitamin B1 0.67g, vitamin B2 2g, vitamin B6 0.7g, niacin 10g, D-pantothenic acid 6g, biotin 25mg.

[0028] The fermentation substrate of the present application includes 70-140 parts of corn husk, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 2-8 parts of sweet potato residue, 1.5-2.5 parts of bamboo powder, 30-40 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 1-2 parts of bilberry leaf powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of platycodon powder, and 0.01-0.02 parts of astragalus powder; In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:(0.6-1.0); In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:0.8; Among them, the moisture content of bamboo powder is 1% and the effective ingredient content is 99%; Eucommia leaf powder, which is brown-yellow in appearance, is extracted from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides, a plant of the Eucommia family, and is obtained after spray drying, with an active ingredient content of 10%; Bilberry leaf powder, which is brown-yellow in appearance, is extracted from the leaves of bilberry and is made after spray drying, with an active ingredient content of 10%; Platycodon grandiflorum powder, which is brown-yellow in appearance, is extracted from the dried roots and is made after spray drying, with an active ingredient content of 10%; Astragalus powder is brown-yellow in appearance and is obtained by water extraction and spray drying. The active ingredient content is 10%.

[0029] The composite enzyme preparation of the present application comprises at least two of pectinase, lipase, protease, xylanase, mannanase, glucanase and cellulase; In a preferred embodiment, the complex enzyme preparation comprises pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of (0.8-1.2):1:(0.8-1.2); Among them, the enzyme activity of pectinase is ≥30000U / g, the enzyme activity of glucanase is ≥50000U / g, and the enzyme activity of cellulase is ≥100000U / g.

[0030] The fermented bacterial liquid of the present application comprises at least two of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus crispatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis; In a preferred embodiment, the fermentation broth comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:(0.7-1.3):1:1; Among them, Lactobacillus plantarum has the appearance of white powder, has the special smell of probiotics, is not corrupt, has no peculiar smell, has a drying loss rate of ≤7%, and has a viable bacterial count of 1.05×10 11 cfu / g; The appearance of Bacillus coagulans is white powder, with the special smell of probiotics, no corruption, no odor, the drying loss rate is ≤7%, and the number of viable bacteria is 1.21×10 11 cfu / g; The appearance of brewer's yeast is light yellow powder, and the viable count is 2.00×10 11 cfu / g; The appearance of Bacillus subtilis is white powder, with the special smell of probiotics, no corruption, no odor, the drying loss rate is ≤7%, and the number of viable bacteria is 1.24×10 11 cfu / g.

[0031] Example 1.1 A method for preparing a fermented feed comprises the following steps: S0, 7kg corn husk, 2kg soybean meal, 0.2kg sweet potato residue, 0.25kg bamboo powder, 3kg eucommia leaf powder, 0.2kg blueberry leaf powder, 0.02kg platycodon powder and 0.002kg astragalus powder were mixed to obtain a fermentation substrate; S1. Add water to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 50%, add compound enzyme preparation (the weight ratio of pectinase, glucanase and cellulase is 0.8:1:1.2), mix well, and sterilize at 121°C for 15 minutes under high pressure. The amount of compound enzyme preparation is 0.01% of the total weight of the fermentation substrate. After cooling to room temperature, inoculate the fermentation liquid (the weight ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis is 1:0.7:1:1, and the total viable count is 1.79×10 10 cfu / g), the inoculation amount of the fermentation liquid is 2% (V / V), after being mixed evenly, the mixture is fermented at a constant temperature of 35°C for 48 hours to obtain a feed additive; S2. Evenly mix the feed additive with the basic feed to obtain fermented feed. The amount of the feed additive is 10% of the total weight of the basic feed.

[0032] Example 1.2 A method for preparing a fermented feed comprises the following steps: S0, 14kg corn husk, 1kg soybean meal, 0.8kg sweet potato residue, 0.15kg bamboo powder, 4kg eucommia leaf powder, 0.1kg blueberry leaf powder, 0.2kg platycodon powder and 0.001kg astragalus powder were mixed to obtain a fermentation substrate; S1. Add water to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 70%, add compound enzyme preparation (the weight ratio of pectinase, glucanase and cellulase is 1.2:1:0.8) and mix well, then sterilize at 121°C for 15 min under high pressure, the dosage of compound enzyme preparation is 0.072% of the total weight of the fermentation substrate, and inoculate fermentation liquid (the weight ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1.3:1:1, and the total viable count is 1.79×10 10 cfu / g), the inoculation amount of the fermentation liquid is 10% (V / V), after being mixed evenly, the mixture is fermented at a constant temperature of 37°C for 72 hours to obtain a feed additive; S2. Evenly mix the feed additive with the basic feed to obtain fermented feed. The amount of the feed additive is 20% of the total weight of the basic feed.

[0033] Example 1.3 A method for preparing a fermented feed comprises the following steps: S0, 10.5kg corn husk, 1.5kg soybean meal, 0.5kg sweet potato residue, 0.2kg bamboo powder, 3.5kg eucommia leaf powder, 0.15kg blueberry leaf powder, 0.11kg platycodon powder and 0.0015kg astragalus powder were mixed to obtain a fermentation substrate; S1. Add water to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 60%, add compound enzyme preparation (the weight ratio of pectinase, glucanase and cellulase is 1:1:1), mix well, and sterilize at 121°C for 15 minutes under high pressure. The dosage of compound enzyme preparation is 0.041% of the total weight of the fermentation substrate. After cooling to room temperature, inoculate fermentation liquid (the weight ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1:1:1, and the total viable count is 1.79×10 10 cfu / g), the inoculation amount of the fermentation liquid is 6% (V / V), after being mixed evenly, the mixture is fermented at a constant temperature of 36°C for 60 hours to obtain a feed additive; S2. Evenly mix the feed additive with the basic feed to obtain fermented feed. The amount of the feed additive is 15% of the total weight of the basic feed.

[0034] Example 2.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:0.2, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg and platycodon powder is 0.03 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0035] Example 2.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:0.4, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg and platycodon powder is 0.06 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0036] Example 2.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:0.6, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg and platycodon powder is 0.09 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0037] Example 2.4 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:0.8, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg and platycodon powder is 0.12 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0038] Example 2.5 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:1, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg, and platycodon powder is 0.15 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0039] Example 2.6 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that the weight ratio of bilberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is 1:1.2, that is, bilberry leaf powder is 0.15 kg and platycodon powder is 0.18 kg, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0040] Example 3.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which differs from Example 1.3 in that a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 is replaced by a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing lipase, protease and xylanase in a weight ratio of 1:1:1, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0041] Example 3.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which differs from Example 1.3 in that a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 is replaced by a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing pectinase, lipase, protease, cellulase, xylanase and glucanase in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:0.1:1:5:1, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0042] Example 3.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which differs from Example 1.3 in that a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 is replaced by a composite enzyme preparation prepared by mixing pectinase, lipase, protease, cellulase and glucanase in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:0.1:1:1, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0043] Example 4.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Bacillus coagulans, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0044] Example 4.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Bacillus coagulans in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Lactobacillus plantarum, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0045] Example 4.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Bacillus coagulans in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Lactobacillus crispatus, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0046] Example 4.4 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Lactobacillus crispatus, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0047] Example 4.5 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0048] Example 4.6 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis in the fermentation bacterial liquid is replaced by Bacillus coagulans, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0049] Example 5.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 50%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0050] Example 5.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 55%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0051] Example 5.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 65%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0052] Example 5.4 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 70%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0053] Example 6.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria liquid is 2% (V / V), and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0054] Example 6.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria liquid is 5% (V / V), and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0055] Example 6.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria liquid is 7% (V / V), and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0056] Example 6.4 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria liquid is 10% (V / V), and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0057] Example 7.1 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the temperature of constant temperature fermentation is 27°C and the time is 96 hours, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0058] Example 7.2 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the temperature of constant temperature fermentation is 42° C. and the time is 24 hours, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0059] Example 7.3 A method for preparing fermented feed, which is different from Example 1.3 in that: in S1, the constant temperature fermentation time is 56 hours, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0060] Comparative Example 1.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S1, no complex enzyme preparation is added, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0061] Comparative Example 1.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S1, the fermentation broth only includes Bacillus coagulans, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0062] Comparative Example 2.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 45%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0063] Comparative Example 2.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 75%, and the rest is the same as Example 1.3.

[0064] Performance Testing 340 weaned piglets of the same batch, healthy, well-developed, with no significant difference in initial body weight, average body weight of (14 ± 0.4) kg, and 23 days old (Du × Chang × Da) were randomly divided into 34 groups, 10 piglets in each group (half male and half female), and fed with basal diet (i.e., the basal diet in Table 1 was fed as a control group), fermented feed of the above embodiments 1.1-7.3 and comparative example 1.1-2.2, respectively, and the test period was 28 days. Before the formal test, all piglets used the basal diet in Table 1 for a preliminary test for 7 days. During the test, the piglets were raised in a sterilized fully enclosed temperature-controlled room. The piglets were fed 4 times a day (08:00, 14:00, 18:00 and 20:00), and they were free to eat and drink water. Check the trough every day to ensure that there is always feed in the trough to ensure free feeding and minimize feed waste. The temperature was controlled at (28±1)℃ in the first week of the experiment, and then gradually decreased to 25℃ until the end of the experiment. No vaccination or antibiotics were given to the pigs during the entire experiment.

[0065] (1) Growth performance measurement: All pigs were weighed on an empty stomach before 08:00 on the first and 28th day of the experiment, and the starting and ending weights were recorded for calculating the average daily weight gain (ADR) = (average ending weight of each group - average starting weight of each group) / experimental time; (2) Diarrhea rate: During the test period, the health of all pigs was observed every day, the total number of diarrhea cases in each group of pigs was counted (the same pigs were counted repeatedly), and the diarrhea rate of each group of pigs was calculated. Diarrhea rate (%) = total number of diarrhea piglets in each group during the test period / (total number of piglets in each group during the test period × number of test days) × 100%; (3) Disease status: The health status of all pigs was observed every day during the experiment, and the number of sick pigs in each group during the experiment was recorded; The above test results are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2 Test results Data Analysis: As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Examples 1.1-1.3 of the present application is 504.26-518.34 g, which is much higher than 232.14 g of the control group, the diarrhea rate is 8.33-11.79%, which is much lower than 19.05% of the control group, and the number of sick heads is 1-2, which is much lower than 5 heads of the control group. The test results show that the fermented feed prepared by Examples 1.1-1.3 of the present application can improve the growth performance and health level of animals.

[0067] The difference between Examples 2.1-2.6 and Example 1.3 is that the weight ratio of cranberry leaf powder to platycodon powder is different. It can be seen from Table 2 that the ratio between cranberry leaf powder and platycodon powder will affect the nutritional value of the fermented feed, thereby affecting the growth performance and health performance of the animals. When the weight ratio of cranberry leaf powder and platycodon powder is further optimized to 1:(0.6-1.0), the growth performance and health level of the animals can be further improved. When the weight ratio of cranberry leaf powder and platycodon powder is 1:0.8, the growth performance and health level of the animals are better.

[0068] The difference between Examples 3.1-3.3 and Example 1.3 is that the ingredients of the composite enzyme preparations are different. As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Examples 3.1-3.3 is lower than that of Example 1.3, and the diarrhea rate is higher than that of Example 1.3. The test results show that compared with the mixed use of other types of enzymes, the mixed use of pectinase, glucanase and cellulase can give full play to the synergistic effect of each other and improve the growth performance and health level of animals. If more types of enzymes are added on the basis of these three enzymes, it will affect the synergistic effect between the three enzymes, so that the growth performance and health level of animals will be reduced.

[0069] The difference between Examples 4.1-4.6 and Example 1.3 is that the components of the fermentation broth are different. As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Examples 4.1-4.6 is lower than that of Example 1.3, and the diarrhea rate is higher than that of Example 1.3. The test results show that compared with the mixed use of other types of strains, the mixed use of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis can give full play to the synergistic effect between each other, improve the fermentation effect of the fermentation substrate of the present application, thereby improving the growth performance and health level of the animal. If a certain strain is not added or a certain strain is replaced, the fermentation effect of the fermentation substrate of the present application will be affected, thereby reducing the growth performance and health level of the animal.

[0070] The difference between Examples 5.1-5.4 and Example 1.3 is that the moisture content in the fermentation substrate is different. As can be seen from Table 2, the moisture content will affect the nutritional value of the fermented feed, thereby affecting the growth performance and health performance of the animal. When the moisture content is further optimized to 60-65%, the growth performance and health level of the animal can be further improved.

[0071] The difference between Examples 6.1-6.4 and Example 1.3 is that the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth is different. As can be seen from Table 2, the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth will affect the nutritional value of the fermented feed, thereby affecting the growth performance and health performance of the animal. When the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth is further optimized to 5-7 vol%, the growth performance and health level of the animal can be further improved.

[0072] The difference between Examples 7.1-7.3 and Example 1.3 is that the conditions of constant temperature fermentation are different. It can be seen from Table 2 that both the fermentation temperature and the fermentation time will affect the fermentation effect of the fermented feed, thereby affecting the growth performance and health performance of the animals. When the optimized constant temperature fermentation time is 56h, the growth performance and health level of the animals can be further improved.

[0073] The difference between Comparative Example 1.1 and Example 1.3 is that only the fermentation bacteria liquid is used to ferment the fermentation substrate. As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Comparative Example 1.1 is significantly lower than that of Example 1.3, and the diarrhea rate is significantly higher than that of Example 1.3. The test results show that the present application uses a composite enzyme preparation and a fermentation bacteria liquid to ferment the substrate, which can significantly improve the fermentation effect of the fermentation substrate, thereby improving the growth performance and health level of the animal.

[0074] The difference between Comparative Example 1.2 and Example 1.3 is that only a single type of fermentation bacteria liquid is used to ferment the fermentation substrate. As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Comparative Example 1.2 is significantly lower than that of Example 1.3, and the diarrhea rate is significantly higher than that of Example 1.3. The test results show that the present application uses multiple types of fermentation bacteria liquid, which can give full play to the synergistic effect between multiple strains, thereby improving the fermentation effect, and then improving the growth performance and health level of animals.

[0075] The difference between Comparative Examples 2.1-2.2 and Example 1.3 is that the moisture content in the fermentation substrate is different. As can be seen from Table 2, the daily weight gain of Comparative Examples 2.1-2.2 is lower than that of Example 1.3, and the diarrhea rate is higher than that of Example 1.3. The test results show that the high or too high moisture content in the fermentation substrate of the present application will affect the fermentation effect of the fermented feed, thereby reducing the growth performance and health level of the animal.

[0076] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fermented feed, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, adding water to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 50-70%, adding a composite enzyme preparation, mixing evenly, and then sterilizing, the amount of the composite enzyme preparation is 0.010-0.072wt% of the fermentation substrate, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the fermentation broth, the inoculation amount of the fermentation broth is 2-10vol%, mixing evenly, and then fermenting at a constant temperature to obtain a feed additive; the composite enzyme preparation includes at least two of pectinase, lipase, protease, xylanase, mannanase, glucanase and cellulase; the fermentation broth includes at least two of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus crispatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis; S2. Evenly mix the feed additive with the basic feed to obtain a fermented feed. The amount of the feed additive is 10-20wt% of the basic feed.

2. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight, the fermentation substrate includes 70-140 parts of corn husk, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 2-8 parts of sweet potato residue, 1.5-2.5 parts of bamboo powder, 30-40 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 1-2 parts of bilberry leaf powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of platycodon powder, and 0.01-0.02 parts of astragalus powder.

3. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the blueberry leaf powder to the platycodon powder is 1:(0.6-1.0).

4. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the blueberry leaf powder to the platycodon powder is 1:0.

8.

5. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite enzyme preparation comprises pectinase, glucanase and cellulase in a weight ratio of (0.8-1.2):1:(0.8-1.2).

6. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermented bacterial liquid comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:(0.7-1.3):1:

1.

7. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, water is added to the fermentation substrate to make its water content reach 60-65%.

8. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the inoculation amount of the fermentation liquid is 5-7 vol%.

9. The method for preparing a fermented feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the temperature of constant temperature fermentation is 35-37° C. and the time is 48-72 hours.

10. A fermented feed prepared by the method for preparing a fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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