Feed for mutton sheep in saline-alkali soil as well as preparation method and application of feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed for mutton sheep in saline-alkali soil as well as a preparation method and application of the feed, the feed makes full use of saline-alkali soil elytrigia elongata resources, turns waste into wealth, reduces the feed cost, effectively solves the problem that feed in the current market is insufficient, and has remarkable economic value and social significance. Meanwhile, the feed is high in nutritional value and balanced in matching, the preparation method is simple and convenient, and operation of various farmers and feed production enterprises is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, and in particular to a feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the mutton breeding industry has flourished, the breeding scale has continued to expand, and the number of sheep slaughtered and the output of mutton have shown a steady growth trend. This has been accompanied by a sharp increase in the demand for feed, making the contradiction between feed supply and demand more and more obvious. It is particularly noteworthy that the saline-alkali land has severely restricted the normal growth of vegetation due to excessive salinity and poor soil structure, resulting in a scarcity of high-quality forage resources. Faced with this challenge, mutton farmers in saline-alkali land generally rely on external purchases of feed to make up for the lack of forage, which undoubtedly exacerbates the pressure on the rising breeding costs.

[0003] The characteristics of Elytrium longipedum with a well-developed root system, cold resistance, drought tolerance, and relatively salt-alkali tolerance make it play an important role in preventing soil erosion and consolidating soil and slope protection, so it is often used in ecological restoration projects. At the same time, its tall plants, lush growth, and rich nutrition also make it one of the grasses with higher feeding value. However, in comparison with conventional high-quality forages such as rice straw and corn silage, herbivorous livestock often show a higher preference for the latter. Therefore, the potential of Elytrium longipedum as a feed resource has not been fully studied and developed.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep, and a preparation method and application thereof. The feed replaces part of the traditional feed with long-spiked wheatgrass, which not only improves the palatability but also reduces the feed cost. At the same time, the feed of the present invention can meet the growth needs of saline-alkali land mutton sheep.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a feed for meat sheep in saline-alkali land, wherein the raw materials include, by mass percentage: 8-24% of long-spiked wheat straw, 0-27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10-21% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda, and 1% of stone powder.

[0008] Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) DRDewey is a plant of the Poaceae family and the genus Thinopyrum, also known as Thinopyrum elongatum. It is native to southern Europe, Asia Minor and Russia, and was introduced to North America from Turkey and Russia in Europe. It is mostly planted in the warm areas of western North America. It is cold-resistant and drought-resistant, easy to plant, and often used in greening construction of wasteland, sandy land, etc.; it has a well-developed root system, effectively prevents soil erosion, and plays a role in consolidating soil and protecting slopes, so it is often used in ecological restoration and road slope protection. At the same time, it has rich nutritional value and high nutritional value. The nutritional components at maturity are shown in Table 1:

[0009] Table 1 Nutritional components of Elytrinum longipedum at maturity

[0010] Nutritional Information content(%) Crude Protein 7.59 Crude fat 1.48 Dry matter 91.57

[0011] In order to apply mature elytrimus to the field of animal feed, especially saline-alkali land mutton feed, the present invention determines other components to be matched with mature elytrimus through experiments, determines the optimal degree of crushing of mature elytrimus, screens the optimal addition ratio, and prepares the above-mentioned feed. The feed effectively utilizes the elytrimus resources unique to saline-alkali land, turns waste into treasure, reduces feed costs, and has significant economic value and social significance. At the same time, the feed also has good palatability and can meet the growth needs of saline-alkali land mutton.

[0012] In addition, the rice straw in the above feed can be replaced by corn silage or other forage. When the feed contains rice straw, the raw materials include, by mass percentage: 8-24% of long-spiked wheatgrass, 11-27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda, and 1% of stone powder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the content of Elymus elongatus in the above raw materials is 8%, and the content of rice straw is 27%.

[0014] In some embodiments, the content of Elymus elongatus in the above raw materials is 16%, and the content of rice straw is 19%.

[0015] In some embodiments, the content of Elymus elongatus in the above raw materials is 24%, and the content of rice straw is 11%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the Elytrimus elongatus is a mature Elytrimus elongatus.

[0017] In some embodiments, the premix contains vitamins, amino acids and trace elements;

[0018] The trace element is selected from at least one of copper, iron, calcium, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium.

[0019] In some embodiments, each kilogram of the premix includes 1200 mg of iron, 300 mg of copper, 25 g of amino acids, 100 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500 mg of manganese, 1700 mg of zinc, 150 mg of calcium iodate, 1500 mg of sodium selenite, and 3000 mg of multivitamins.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep, which comprises: crushing the mature Elymus elongatus into pieces of 3-4 cm in length, and then mixing the above-mentioned raw materials in proportion.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a method for raising saline-alkali land mutton sheep, which comprises feeding the saline-alkali land mutton sheep with the above-mentioned feed.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a feed formula suitable for feeding saline-alkali land mutton sheep by combining raw materials such as long-spiked wheatgrass, rice straw, corn, and corn silage. The feed makes full use of the long-spiked wheatgrass resources in saline-alkali land, turns waste into treasure, reduces feed costs, and effectively solves the problem of insufficient feed in the current market, which has significant economic value and social significance. At the same time, the feed of the present invention has high nutritional value, balanced matching, and a simple and convenient preparation method, which is easy for various breeders and feed production companies to operate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0025] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep provided in this embodiment has the following raw material components by mass percentage:

[0028] 8% of Elymus japonicus, 27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda and 1% of stone powder.

[0029] Among them, each kilogram of premix includes 1200mg iron, 300mg copper, 25g amino acids, 100g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500mg manganese, 1700mg zinc, 150mg calcium iodate, 1500mg sodium selenite, and 3000mg multivitamins.

[0030] The preparation method of the feed provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0031] (1) The ingredients are obtained according to the following weight percentages: 8% of long-spiked wheat straw, 27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda, and 1% of stone powder;

[0032] (2) Crush the long spike wheat straw into a suitable size, mix it with rice straw, corn, corn silage, soybean meal, wheat bran, premix, baking soda and stone powder, and stir evenly.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] The feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep provided in this embodiment has the following raw material components by mass percentage:

[0035] 16% of Elymus japonicus, 19% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda and 1% of stone powder.

[0036] Among them, each kilogram of premix includes 1200mg iron, 300mg copper, 25g amino acids, 100g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500mg manganese, 1700mg zinc, 150mg calcium iodate, 1500mg sodium selenite, and 3000mg multivitamins.

[0037] The preparation method of the feed provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] (1) The ingredients are obtained according to the following weight percentages: 16% of long-spiked wheat straw, 19% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda, and 1% of stone powder;

[0039] (2) Crush the long spike wheat straw into a suitable size, mix it with rice straw, corn, corn silage, soybean meal, wheat bran, premix, baking soda and stone powder, and stir evenly.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep provided in this embodiment has the following raw material components by mass percentage:

[0042] 24% of Elymus japonicus, 11% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda and 1% of stone powder.

[0043] Among them, each kilogram of premix includes 1200mg iron, 300mg copper, 25g amino acids, 100g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500mg manganese, 1700mg zinc, 150mg calcium iodate, 1500mg sodium selenite, and 3000mg multivitamins.

[0044] The preparation method of the feed provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] (1) The ingredients are obtained according to the following weight percentages: 24% of long-spiked wheat straw, 11% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda, and 1% of stone powder;

[0046] (2) Crush the long spike wheat straw into a suitable size, mix it with rice straw, corn, corn silage, soybean meal, wheat bran, premix, baking soda and stone powder, and stir evenly.

[0047] Experimental Example 1

[0048] (1) Experimental location: Yellow River Estuary Beach Sheep Industry Technology Research Institute.

[0049] (2) Experimental design: 60 Hu sheep, ewes, 3-4 months old, with similar body weight (30kg), and in good health, were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 15 in each group, and each group had a separate pen; the four groups were the control group and experimental groups I, II, and III. Experimental groups I, II, and III were fed the feeds in Examples 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention, respectively, and the control group sheep were fed with the control group feed with rice straw instead of long-spiked wheatgrass. The feeding methods and feeding management methods of the four groups were the same. The experimental sheep were weighed every month, and the average daily weight gain of the experimental sheep was calculated after feeding for about 120 days.

[0050] Among them, the weight percentage composition of the control group feed is: 35% rice straw, 25% corn, 10% corn silage, 16% soybean meal, 10% wheat bran, 2% premix, 1% baking soda, and 1% stone powder; each kilogram of premix includes 1200mg iron, 300mg copper, 25g amino acids, 100g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500mg manganese, 1700mg zinc, 150mg calcium iodate, 1500mg sodium selenite, and 3000mg multivitamins.

[0051] (3) Experimental results

[0052] Table 2 shows the results of each group of experiments.

[0053] Table 2 Effects of the control group diet and the diets prepared in Examples 1-3 on the growth performance of Hu sheep

[0054] project Control group Test I Experiment II Test III SEM P-value Initial weight, kg 21.41 22.02 21.48 22.23 0.25 0.593 Final weight, kg 40.96 42.16 41.69 44.26 0.58 0.229 Daily weight gain, g / d 157.69 162.42 163.01 176.09 4.20 0.473 Material weight ratio 7.84 7.63 7.62 7.10 0.21 0.644 Daily feed intake, g 1179.91 1201.09 1195.27 1203.78 13.70 0.929

[0055] As can be seen from Table 2: Compared with the control group, the daily weight gain of the Hu sheep fed with the feed of Examples 1-3 is higher, and the higher the amount of Elytrimus sibiricum added, the greater the daily weight gain. This shows that Elytrimus sibiricum can better meet the growth needs of Hu sheep. There is no significant difference in the daily feed intake values ​​of Hu sheep in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3, which proves that Elytrimus sibiricum does not affect the feeding of Hu sheep and has good palatability. From the data of feed-to-weight ratio, the feed-to-weight ratio of Hu sheep in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 is relatively different, among which the feed-to-weight ratio of Hu sheep in Examples 1-3 is lower than that in the control group, and the higher the amount of Elytrimus sibiricum added, the lower the feed-to-weight ratio.

[0056] Experimental Example 2

[0057] (1) Experimental location: Yellow River Estuary Beach Sheep Industry Technology Research Institute.

[0058] (2) Experimental design: 30 male sheep, 3-4 months old, with similar body weight (35 kg) and good health, were randomly divided into 2 groups, each with 15 sheep, and each group had a separate pen; the 2 groups were the control group and experiment I. Experiment I was fed with the feed in Example 1 of the present invention, and the sheep in the control group were fed with the control group feed rice straw instead of long-spiked wheat straw. The feeding method and feeding management method of the two groups were the same. The experimental sheep were weighed every month, and the average daily weight gain of the experimental sheep was calculated after feeding for about 60 days. The weight percentage composition of the control group feed was: 35% rice straw, 25% corn, 10% corn silage, 16% soybean meal, 10% wheat bran, 2% premix, 1% baking soda, and 1% stone powder.

[0059] (3) Experimental results

[0060] Table 3 shows the results of each group of experiments.

[0061] Table 3 Effects of the control group diet and the diet prepared in Example 1 on the growth performance of snowflake sheep.

[0062] project Control group Test I SEM P-value Initial weight, kg 30.53 26.97 0.70 0.009 Final weight, kg 45.51 41.36 0.97 0.03 Daily weight gain, g / d 234.09 224.78 9.95 0.649 Material weight ratio 6.29 6.57 0.32 0.678 Daily feed intake, g 1395.40 1395.05 18.61 0.993

[0063] The daily weight gain of the snowflake sheep in Example 1 was lower than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference, indicating that the addition of long spike wheatgrass had a lower effect on the daily weight gain of the snowflake sheep. The daily feed intake of the snowflake sheep in Example 1 was less than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference, indicating that the addition of long spike wheatgrass had a lower effect on the daily feed intake of the snowflake sheep, with no significant difference, and also proved that long spike wheatgrass has good palatability.

[0064] Experimental Example 3

[0065] (1) Experimental location: Yellow River Estuary Beach Sheep Industry Technology Research Institute.

[0066] (2) Experimental design: 15 Xuehu hybrid sheep, ewes, of similar weight and good physical condition, were fed in a pen and fed with the feed in Example 1 of the present invention. The experimental sheep were weighed every month, and the average daily weight gain of the experimental sheep was calculated after about 60 days of feeding.

[0067] (3) Experimental results

[0068] Table 4 shows the experimental results.

[0069] Table 4 Diet prepared in Example 1, growth performance data of Xuehu hybrid sheep

[0070] project Test I Initial weight, kg 39.98 Final weight, kg 54.46 Daily weight gain, g / d 226.31 Material weight ratio 7.90 Daily feed intake, g 1738.51

[0071] The diet prepared in Example 1 can help the Xuehu hybrid sheep grow normally, and the daily weight gain value is much higher than that of the Hu sheep, but between the Snowflake sheep control group and the experimental group. The feed-to-weight ratio and daily feed intake of the Hu sheep are higher than those of the Hu sheep and the Snowflake sheep. The growth performance data of the Xuehu hybrid sheep show that the addition of long-spiked wheatgrass can maintain the normal growth of the Xuehu hybrid sheep.

[0072] Corresponding indicators

[0073] In Experimental Examples 1-2, there was no significant difference in the daily feed intake of the control groups of the Hu sheep and Snowflake sheep experimental combinations, indicating that the addition of Elymus longus did not change the appetite or feeding habits of the Hu sheep. In Experimental Examples 1-2, there was no significant difference in the daily weight gain of the control groups of the Hu sheep and Snowflake sheep experimental combinations, indicating that the addition of Elymus longus has no effect on the normal growth of Snowflake sheep and Hu sheep. In Experimental Example 3, the daily weight gain of the Snow-Hu hybrid sheep was much higher than that of the Hu sheep, but between the Snowflake sheep control group and the experimental group, indicating that the addition of Elymus longus can maintain the normal growth of the Snow-Hu hybrid sheep. In summary, as a feed additive, Elymus longus can replace part of the traditional feed in daily feeding to reduce feed costs while maintaining the normal growth performance of the Hu sheep, Snowflake sheep and Snow-Hu hybrid sheep.

[0074] The feed formula provided by the present invention is suitable for feeding saline-alkali land mutton sheep, which makes full use of the saline-alkali land long-spiked wheatgrass resources, turns waste into treasure, reduces feed costs, effectively solves the problem of insufficient feed in the current market, and has significant economic value and social significance. The formula has high nutritional value, balanced matching, simple preparation and low cost.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the raw materials include: 8-24% of long-spiked wheat straw, 0-27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10-21% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda and 1% of stone powder.

2. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials of the feed include: 8-24% of long-spiked wheat straw, 11-27% of rice straw, 25% of corn, 10% of corn silage, 16% of soybean meal, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of premix, 1% of baking soda and 1% of stone powder.

3. The feed according to claim 2, characterized in that The raw material contains 8% of Elymus elongatus and 27% of rice straw.

4. The feed according to claim 2, characterized in that The content of Elymus elongatus in the raw material is 16%, and the content of rice straw is 19%.

5. The feed according to claim 2, characterized in that The content of Elymus elongatus in the raw material is 24%, and the content of rice straw is 11%.

6. The feed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The elytrimus foetida is mature elytrimus foetida.

7. The feed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The premix contains vitamins, amino acids and trace elements; The trace element is selected from at least one of copper, iron, calcium, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium.

8. The feed according to claim 7, characterized in that Each kilogram of the premix includes 1200 mg of iron, 300 mg of copper, 25 g of amino acids, 100 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1500 mg of manganese, 1700 mg of zinc, 150 mg of calcium iodate, 1500 mg of sodium selenite, and 3000 mg of multivitamins.

9. The method for preparing a feed for saline-alkali land mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The components of the raw materials are mixed.

10. A method for raising mutton sheep in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The method comprises: feeding saline-alkali land sheep with the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 8.