Optical storage energy charging fire fighting system and fire fighting control method

Abstract

The invention provides a light storage and energy charging fire fighting system and a fire fighting control method, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage. The light storage energy charging fire extinguishing system comprises a plurality of charging stations, and one charging station is used for charging one electric vehicle; the plurality of fire fighting spaces are not communicated with one another, and each fire fighting space is correspondingly arranged below one charging station; an isolation device is arranged between each charging station and the fire-fighting space; the driving device is connected with the isolation device and used for driving the isolation device to be opened or closed so as to communicate or isolate the charging station and the fire-fighting space. The fire-fighting device is arranged in the fire-fighting space and is used for extinguishing fire in the fire-fighting space; the monitoring module is used for acquiring real-time data in the charging station; and the control module is connected with the monitoring module, the fire fighting device and the driving device, and the control module controls starting or stopping of the fire fighting device and the driving device according to data collected by the monitoring module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic energy storage technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage and charging fire fighting system and a fire fighting control method. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source. Photovoltaic panels can directly convert sunlight into electrical energy to charge electric vehicles. However, the probability of power battery fire is relatively high during the charging period and the static stage after charging.

[0003] For electric vehicles that catch fire, the existing technology mainly monitors the battery status through the battery management system (BMS), and is equipped with special fire extinguishing devices at the charging station or inside the vehicle, and the fire fighting system of the charging station is linked to the vehicle monitoring system. Once a fire occurs in the vehicle, the fire fighting system can respond quickly, and the fire sprinklers will spray water on the burning vehicle to reduce the temperature. However, before the fire extinguishing operation is carried out in the charging shed, it is impossible to isolate the burning electric vehicle from other vehicles in time, making it very easy for adjacent electric vehicles to be ignited, and the fire will spread, which may eventually cause the fire to get out of control and cause more serious losses and harm.

[0004] Therefore, a solar energy storage and charging fire fighting system is needed to at least solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] A technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is: how to isolate the burning electric vehicle in time to prevent it from igniting adjacent electric vehicles and causing the fire to get out of control.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solar energy storage fire-fighting system, comprising: a plurality of charging stations, one charging station is used to charge an electric vehicle; a plurality of fire-fighting spaces, the plurality of fire-fighting spaces are not connected to each other, and each fire-fighting space is arranged under a corresponding charging station; an isolation device, an isolation device is arranged between each charging station and the fire-fighting space; a driving device, the driving device is connected to the isolation device, and is used to drive the isolation device to open or close to connect or isolate the charging station and the fire-fighting space; a fire-fighting device, the fire-fighting device is arranged in the fire-fighting space, and is used to extinguish a fire in the fire-fighting space; a monitoring module, the monitoring module is used to obtain real-time data in the charging station; and a control module, the control module is respectively connected to the monitoring module, the fire-fighting device and the driving device, and the control module controls the start or stop of the fire-fighting device and the driving device according to the data collected by the monitoring module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the isolation device includes an isolation plate arranged in a horizontal direction, the isolation plate is used for the charging station and the fire protection space, and is used to support the tram; the isolation plate is slidingly connected to the side wall of the fire protection space, and the isolation plate is connected to the driving device. The isolation plate can translate under the drive of the driving device to connect the charging station and the fire protection space.

[0008] In some embodiments, the solar energy storage fire fighting system further includes: a plurality of support plates, the plurality of support plates are arranged at intervals, and the support plates are arranged in a vertical direction, and the plurality of support plates, isolation plates and the ground enclose a fire fighting space; the fire fighting space is a rectangular cube structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting device includes an air source device and / or a water source device; the air source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space; the air source device and / or the water source device are connected to the fire-fighting space through a connecting pipe, and are used to fill the fire-fighting space with inert gas and / or water.

[0010] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke composition sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor, and an infrared thermal imager; and the monitoring module is disposed above the charging station.

[0011] In some embodiments, the solar storage and charging fire fighting system also includes: a charging unit, the charging unit includes a photovoltaic module and a storage battery, the photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the storage battery, and can convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery; the storage battery is arranged below the charging station and below the ground, and the storage battery is used to charge the electric vehicle; the charging station is provided with a switch unit, the switch unit is communicatively connected to the control module, and the switch unit can receive instructions from the control module to control the on and off of the electrical connection between the storage battery and the electric vehicle.

[0012] The disclosed embodiment also provides a fire control method, including: a monitoring module acquires real-time data in a charging station, the real-time data including at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke composition data and flame data; the monitoring module uploads the data to a control module, and the control module analyzes and determines whether there is a fire hazard in the electric vehicle based on the data; if so, the isolation device is controlled to be opened to allow the electric vehicle to enter the fire protection space, and when the electric vehicle completely enters the fire protection space, the isolation device is controlled to be closed and the fire protection device is controlled to be opened to extinguish the fire in the electric vehicle in the fire protection space; if not, the electric vehicle is kept charging normally.

[0013] In some embodiments, a temperature data model is established based on case data of temperature changes when a tram catches fire and case data of temperature changes when a tram is charging at different weather temperatures; temperature data corresponding to each charging station is collected in real time, and multiple temperature data are input into the temperature data model for comparison, and the risk level is determined based on the output result of the temperature data model; if the risk level is high, it is determined that the tram has a fire hazard and the tram is extinguished; if the risk level is medium, the collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are analyzed and judged; if the risk level is low, the tram is kept charging normally.

[0014] In some embodiments, a smoke composition data model and a smoke concentration data model are respectively established based on the case data of smoke composition and the case data of smoke concentration generated when a tram catches fire; the smoke composition data and the smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected in real time, and multiple smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are respectively input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model for comparison, and it is determined whether the tram has a fire hazard based on the output results of the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model.

[0015] In some embodiments, if the smoke component data lacks data that does not exist in at least one of the smoke component data models and the smoke concentration data model, the smoke component data is collected multiple times, and the smoke concentration data is collected at the same time, and the change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained from the multiple collections is recorded, and it is determined whether the tram has a fire hazard based on the change gradient; if the smoke component data contains data that does not exist in the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, then in the process of synchronously collecting the smoke concentration data, the abnormal gas components are marked and input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model as a factor interfering with gas detection when the smoke component data and smoke concentration data are collected next time.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the solar energy storage fire fighting system provided by the present disclosure can quickly isolate the burning vehicle from other unaffected vehicles in the early stage of a fire through an independent fire fighting space and isolation device, effectively avoiding the ignition of adjacent vehicles, preventing the fire from spreading, and greatly reducing the possibility of large-scale losses caused by the fire. The monitoring module can monitor the abnormal state of the tram in real time, and the control module can respond quickly based on these data, start the fire fighting device in time, and intervene before the fire breaks out on a large scale. It can extinguish the flame more quickly, reduce the duration of the fire, and reduce the degree of damage to the vehicle and surrounding facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the solar energy storage and charging fire fighting system disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state where the electric vehicle is located in the fire protection space in the solar energy storage charging fire protection system disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the fire control method disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Charging station; 2. Fire-fighting space; 3. Isolation device; 4. Fire-fighting device; 5. Monitoring module; 6. Support plate; 7. Photovoltaic module; 8. Storage battery; 9. Electric car; 10. Bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

[0024] The present disclosure provides these embodiments to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] In addition, the words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" does not mean vertical in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements.

[0027] It should also be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0028] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, for example, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0029] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0030] Given that solar energy is used in electric vehicle charging scenarios, electric vehicles are prone to power battery fires during charging and static stages, and existing technologies make it difficult to isolate the burning vehicle from other vehicles when extinguishing the fire.

[0031] The disclosed embodiment sets up multiple independent charging stations, with corresponding firefighting spaces below, isolation devices and drive devices in the middle, and firefighting devices in the firefighting spaces. The monitoring module collects multiple types of real-time data from the charging stations, and the control module connects to related devices and starts according to the data. When a fire breaks out, the electric vehicle can be quickly isolated and extinguished, which can solve the problem of difficult-to-control fire spread, improve fire protection, and reduce the risk of losses.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The present disclosure provides a solar energy storage fire fighting system. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes: a plurality of charging stations 1, one charging station 1 is used to charge an electric car 9; a plurality of fire-fighting spaces 2, the plurality of fire-fighting spaces 2 are not connected to each other, and each fire-fighting space 2 is correspondingly arranged under a charging station 1; an isolation device 3, an isolation device 3 is arranged between each charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2; a driving device, the driving device is connected to the isolation device 3, and is used to drive the isolation device 3 to open or close to connect or isolate the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2; a fire-fighting device 4, the fire-fighting device 4 is arranged in the fire-fighting space 2, and is used to extinguish a fire in the fire-fighting space 2; a monitoring module 5, the monitoring module 5 is used to obtain real-time data in the charging station 1; and a control module, the control module is respectively connected to the monitoring module 5, the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device, and the control module controls the start or stop of the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device according to the data collected by the monitoring module 5.

[0034] The solar energy storage fire fighting system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied in the scene of a parking lot with the function of charging electric vehicles 9 by solar power generation. A plurality of charging stations 1 can be set up in the parking lot, for example, 10 charging stations 1 are distributed in an array. An independent fire fighting space 2 is constructed under each charging station 1, and these fire fighting spaces 2 can be isolated by fireproof materials to ensure that they are not interconnected. Between each charging station 1 and its corresponding fire fighting space 2, an isolation device 3 is installed, such as an electric rolling door as the isolation device 3, and the driving device is a motor connected to the electric rolling door and a related transmission mechanism.

[0035] The fire-fighting device 4 may use an efficient automatic fire-extinguishing nozzle and be equipped with a corresponding fire-extinguishing medium storage tank, such as dry powder or carbon dioxide, or other fire-extinguishing agents suitable for extinguishing battery fires, or water, inert gas, etc. The monitoring module 5 may include a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a data acquisition interface of a battery management system (BMS), etc. These sensors are distributed at key locations of the charging station 1, such as near the battery pack of the electric vehicle 9, around the charging line, etc., and can collect data such as temperature changes, smoke concentration, battery voltage and current abnormalities, etc. in real time.

[0036] The control module is the "brain" of the entire system, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), an industrial control computer (industrial computer) or a microcontroller (single-chip microcomputer), etc., and can be connected to the monitoring module 5, the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device through a wired or wireless communication network. When a tram 9 enters the charging station 1 and starts charging, the monitoring module 5 continues to collect data. Assume that during the charging process, the battery of a tram 9 has a sharp rise in temperature and smoke due to thermal runaway. The monitoring module 5 can quickly transmit these abnormal data to the control module. The control module first determines the fire risk according to the preset logic. Once it is determined that there is a large fire risk, the driving device is immediately started, the electric rolling door is opened, and the tram 9 falls into the fire-fighting space 2, isolating the charging station 1 where the burning tram 9 is located from other areas. At the same time, the control module starts the fire-fighting device 4, and the fire-extinguishing nozzle sprays the fire-fighting agent into the fire-fighting space 2 to extinguish the burning vehicle, suppress the spread of the fire and finally put out the fire.

[0037] Through the independent fire fighting space 2 and the isolation device 3, the burning vehicle can be quickly isolated from other unaffected vehicles at the early stage of the fire, effectively avoiding the ignition of adjacent vehicles, preventing the fire from spreading, and greatly reducing the possibility of large-scale losses caused by the fire. In addition, the monitoring module 5 can monitor the abnormal state of the tram 9 in real time, and the control module can respond quickly based on these data, and start the fire fighting device 4 in time to intervene before the fire breaks out on a large scale. Compared with the traditional linkage fire fighting system that relies only on manual discovery or is relatively lagging, it can extinguish the flame more quickly, reduce the duration of the fire, and reduce the degree of damage to the vehicle and surrounding facilities, such as reducing the risk of battery explosion and reducing the degree of burning of the vehicle structure, thereby reducing maintenance costs and property losses.

[0038] In some embodiments, the isolation device 3 includes an isolation plate arranged in a horizontal direction, the isolation plate is used for the charging station 1 and the fire protection space 2, and is used to support the tram 9; the isolation plate is slidingly connected to the side wall of the fire protection space 2, and the isolation plate is connected to the driving device. The isolation plate can translate under the drive of the driving device to connect the charging station 1 and the fire protection space 2.

[0039] In the solar photovoltaic energy storage parking lot, each charging station 1 is provided with an isolation device 3. For example, the charging station 1 is a rectangular platform, and an independent fire fighting space 2 corresponds to the bottom thereof. The isolation plate can be made of a high temperature resistant and strong metal material, and horizontally spans between the charging station 1 and the fire fighting space 2. Its size is adapted to the plane size of the charging station 1, and is sufficient to stably support the electric vehicle 9.

[0040] The two side edges of the isolation plate can be slidably connected to the side wall of the fire fighting space 2 through a guide rail, the guide rail is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fire fighting space 2, the isolation plate is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the guide rail has good smoothness and stability, ensuring that the isolation plate will not get stuck or offset during translation. The driving device can be an electric push rod or a transmission chain mechanism driven by a motor, which is installed on one side wall of the fire fighting space 2 and firmly connected to the isolation plate. For example, the fire fighting space 2 can be set below the ground, and the isolation plate can be translated along the guide rail toward the ground below the charging station 1, and a moving space is set below the ground corresponding to the isolation plate.

[0041] When the electric car 9 is charged normally, the isolation plate is in the initial position, completely enclosing the fire fighting space 2, isolating the charging station 1 from the fire fighting space 2, and preventing the equipment or environment in the fire fighting space 2 from interfering with the charging operation under normal circumstances. Once the monitoring module 5 detects that the electric car 9 on the charging station 1 has signs of fire and transmits the signal to the control module, the control module immediately starts the drive device. The drive device starts to work, pushing the isolation plate to move horizontally along the guide rail to the ground below the charging station 1, gradually exposing the fire fighting space 2, so that the electric car 9 can fall into the fire fighting space 2, and then the isolation plate can be driven in reverse to close the fire fighting space 2, thereby effectively isolating the burning vehicle from other vehicles in space, preventing the fire from spreading to adjacent vehicles, and protecting the safety of other vehicles that have not caught fire.

[0042] The isolation board not only plays an isolation role but also serves as a support platform for the electric car 9. This integrated design makes the structure more compact and stable, and there is no need to set up additional complex support structures and special isolation facilities, which saves the space layout of the charging station 1, is conducive to setting up more charging stations 1 in a limited space, and improves the space utilization rate of the parking lot.

[0043] In some embodiments, the isolation plates are a pair, and the pair of isolation plates are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the driving device can drive the pair of isolation plates to move closer to and away from each other along the first direction. Since the trolley 9 itself has a certain weight, when the driving device starts and causes the isolation plates to translate, under the action of friction, the trolley 9 has the possibility of moving with the isolation plates. By allowing a pair of isolation plates to move in opposite directions, the directions of the friction forces generated between the trolley 9 and the two isolation plates are also opposite, so that the two sets of friction forces can offset each other. This ensures that the trolley 9 will not produce displacement deviations due to friction during the movement of the isolation plates, thereby accurately falling into the firefighting space 2 below.

[0044] In some embodiments, the solar energy storage fire fighting system further includes: a plurality of support plates 6, the plurality of support plates 6 are arranged at intervals, and the support plates 6 are arranged in a vertical direction, and the plurality of support plates 6, isolation plates and the ground enclose a fire fighting space 2; the fire fighting space 2 is a rectangular cube structure.

[0045] A plurality of support plates 6 are arranged in the vertical direction, and these support plates 6 are distributed at intervals, their tops are connected to the isolation plates, and their bottoms are fixed to the ground. Taking a charging station 1 as an example, it is assumed that there are four support plates 6 located at the four corners of the rectangle, which together with the horizontal isolation plates and the ground enclose a fire fighting space 2 with a rectangular cube structure. The isolation plate serves as the "lid" at the top, which closes the space under normal conditions. When a fire occurs and the isolation plate is opened by translation as designed, the rectangular fire fighting space 2 is completely exposed, and the fire fighting device 4 inside can perform fire extinguishing operations on the burning tram 9 that may fall from above.

[0046] The rectangular fire fighting space 2 formed by the support plate 6, the isolation plate and the ground is structurally stable. The rectangular shape is regular, and the forces on each surface are uniform, so it can withstand large pressure and impact force. Whether it is to withstand the weight of the tram 9 above when there is no fire in daily life, or to withstand the water flow impact and explosion impact force during the fire fighting process when a fire occurs, the structure can be kept intact, ensuring that the fire fighting operation can be carried out in a relatively stable and closed environment, and the fire fighting effect will not be affected by structural deformation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting device 4 includes an air source device and / or a water source device; the air source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space 2; the air source device and / or the water source device are connected to the fire-fighting space 2 through a connecting pipe, and are used to fill the fire-fighting space 2 with inert gas and / or water.

[0048] In the configuration of the fire-fighting device 4 corresponding to each fire-fighting space 2 of the solar energy storage and charging fire-fighting system, the gas source device can be a high-pressure inert gas storage tank, such as a gas storage tank group filled with nitrogen or argon, and the water source device can be a fire-fighting pool connected to the municipal water supply system or independent of it and a matching high-pressure water pump. These gas source devices and water source devices are uniformly placed in a specific area outside the fire-fighting space 2, such as a fire-fighting equipment room centrally set up at the edge corner of the parking lot.

[0049] The gas source device and / or water source device are connected to each fire fighting space 2 through a high-pressure and high-temperature resistant connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is reasonably arranged inside the fire fighting space 2 and is provided with multiple nozzles or air outlets. When the monitoring module 5 detects that a certain charging station 1 has a fire risk and notifies the control module, the control module determines whether to start the gas source device or the water source device or both at the same time according to the type and scale of the fire. If the gas source device is started, the high-pressure inert gas is quickly filled into the fire fighting space 2 along the connecting pipe, quickly displacing the air therein, reducing the oxygen concentration, and inhibiting the combustion reaction of the battery fire; if the water source device is started, the high-pressure water pump transports water into the fire fighting space 2 through the connecting pipe, and uses the cooling and suffocation effect of water to extinguish the fire; if both are started at the same time, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of inert gas and water can be exerted. Multiple through holes can be set on the isolation plate, and while filling the fire fighting space 2 with gas or liquid, the gas in the fire fighting space 2 can be ensured to be discharged, so that the pressure in the fire fighting space 2 is stable.

[0050] Both inert gas and water have good fire extinguishing properties. Inert gas can quickly reduce the oxygen content in the fire fighting space 2 without being conductive or corrosive. Inert gas can use low-temperature gas to effectively suppress the combustion of flammable gases and battery thermal runaway reactions commonly seen in electric vehicle 9 fires, and has significant effects on extinguishing electrical fires and preventing re-ignition. Water has a strong ability to absorb heat and cool down, and can quickly cool high-temperature batteries and the surrounding environment to prevent the fire from spreading further. Placing the gas source device and the water source device outside the fire fighting space 2 prevents them from being directly exposed to high temperature, high pressure and possible explosion hazards when a fire occurs, reduces the risk of equipment damage, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0051] By setting up an air source device and a water source device, the solar energy storage and charging fire fighting system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can flexibly choose to start the air source device, the water source device or a combination of the two to extinguish the fire according to different fire scenes and battery types. For example, for the initial, smaller-scale battery thermal runaway smoke situation, inert gas can be used to suppress it first to prevent water stains from causing further damage to the battery and charging equipment; and for the situation where the fire is larger and there is already obvious flame burning, the air source and water source devices can be started at the same time to give full play to the fire extinguishing advantages of both and achieve rapid and effective control of the fire. This flexible fire extinguishing strategy can better adapt to the complex and changeable electric vehicle 9 charging fire situation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 5 includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke composition sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor, and an infrared thermal imager; the monitoring module 5 is disposed above the charging station 1 .

[0053] A monitoring module 5 is arranged above each charging station 1 , and a bracket 10 is provided above the charging station 1 , and the monitoring module 5 is connected to the bracket 10 .

[0054] For example, the temperature sensor can be a high-precision thermistor sensor, which is installed above the charging station 1 near the battery pack of the electric vehicle 9. It can accurately monitor the temperature change of the battery during the charging process in real time. Its measurement range can cover the range from normal temperature to the high temperature range where the battery may experience thermal runaway, such as -20℃ to 800℃, so as to promptly detect abnormal battery overheating. The smoke component sensor uses an advanced mass spectrometry sensor, which is installed on the side of the ceiling of the charging station 1. It can accurately analyze the various chemical components contained in the smoke, such as whether there are specific organic components produced by the combustion of the electrolyte, so as to determine the specific situation of the battery combustion and the possible degree of danger. The smoke concentration sensor is a photoelectric sensor, which is located in the center position just above the charging station 1. It is extremely sensitive to changes in smoke concentration. Even a very small increase in smoke can be quickly captured and converted into an electrical signal output. The flame sensor uses an ultraviolet flame sensor, which is installed at a high position on the edge of the charging station 1. It can quickly detect ultraviolet radiation in the flame and immediately issue an alarm signal once a flame is generated. The infrared thermal imager can be fixed slightly above the charging station 1 and shoot downward at a certain angle. It has a high resolution and can clearly generate a thermal image of the entire charging station 1, intuitively showing the temperature distribution differences. It can not only find the overheating area of ​​the battery as a whole, but also detect the temperature imbalance between the battery cells inside the battery.

[0055] Through the coordinated work of various types of sensors, the charging station 1 is comprehensively monitored from multiple dimensions such as temperature change, smoke composition and concentration, flame generation, and thermal imaging. The temperature sensor warns of the temperature change trend of battery thermal runaway in advance, buying time for early intervention; the smoke composition sensor accurately determines the type and danger level of battery combustion by analyzing the chemical composition, which helps to formulate targeted fire fighting strategies; the smoke concentration sensor detects the appearance of smoke in time and quickly initiates the fire fighting response; the flame sensor detects the open flame at the first time and quickly activates the fire extinguishing device; the infrared thermal imager provides a macro and detailed heat distribution, assists in locating the fire source and assessing the direction of fire spread. The sensors complement and verify each other, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring, and effectively reducing the probability of false alarms and missed alarms.

[0056] In some embodiments, the solar storage and charging fire fighting system also includes: a charging unit, the charging unit includes a photovoltaic module 7 and a storage battery 8, the photovoltaic module 7 is electrically connected to the storage battery 8, and can convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery 8; the storage battery 8 is arranged below the charging station 1 and below the ground, and the storage battery 8 is used to charge the electric vehicle 9; the charging station 1 is provided with a switch unit, the switch unit is communicatively connected to the control module, and the switch unit can receive instructions from the control module to control the on and off of the electrical connection between the storage battery 8 and the electric vehicle 9.

[0057] The photovoltaic module 7 is installed in an open area of ​​a parking lot or charging station, such as the roof of the parking lot or the surrounding open space, to fully receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. This electrical energy is transmitted to the storage battery 8 for storage. The storage battery 8 is placed in the pre-excavated underground space under each charging station 1. This underground space has been specially treated with moisture-proof, waterproof, heat dissipation, etc. to ensure that the storage battery 8 can operate stably.

[0058] The surface of each charging station 1 is provided with a connection device adapted to the charging interface of the tram 9, and is also equipped with a switch unit. The switch unit maintains close contact with the control module through wired or wireless communication. When the tram 9 enters the charging station 1 and is connected to the charging interface, the control module will send instructions to the switch unit according to the preset charging logic and the preliminary detection results of the battery status of the tram 9. For example, when it is detected that the battery power of the tram 9 is too low and there is no abnormality, the control module sends a closing instruction to the switch unit, and the switch unit connects the circuit between the storage battery 8 and the tram 9 to start the charging process; if the monitoring module 5 detects that the battery is abnormally hot or smoking during the charging process, the control module will immediately send a disconnection instruction to the switch unit to cut off the charging circuit in time to prevent the danger from further expanding.

[0059] By integrating the charging unit and the fire protection system in the same solar storage charging system, each part cooperates with and influences each other. Placing the storage battery 8 under the charging station 1 not only saves ground space and makes the layout of the charging station 1 more compact and reasonable, but also facilitates integration design with other components of the fire protection system such as the fire protection space 2 and the isolation device 3. For example, when a fire occurs, the underground storage battery 8 layout can reduce interference with fire protection operations. At the same time, the isolation and fire extinguishing measures of the fire protection system can also protect the underground storage battery 8 from damage due to the fire, thereby improving the integration and overall performance of the entire solar storage charging fire protection system.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gas source device can be connected to the underground space where the storage battery 8 is located. When the storage battery 8 shows signs of fire or thermal runaway, the control module can immediately start the gas source device. At this time, the high-pressure inert gas in the gas source device, such as nitrogen or argon, will flow into the space where the storage battery 8 is located at a high speed along the connecting pipe. Due to the large amount of inert gas injected, the original air in the space is quickly squeezed out, causing the oxygen concentration to drop sharply. In a low-oxygen environment, the combustion reaction of the storage battery 8 fire is significantly suppressed due to the lack of an oxidant, thereby effectively preventing the further spread and expansion of the fire. The solar storage charging fire fighting system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can not only extinguish the electric vehicle 9, but also extinguish the storage battery 8, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The present disclosure provides a fire control method. Figure 3 As shown, it includes: the monitoring module obtains real-time data in the charging station, and the real-time data includes at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke composition data and flame data; the monitoring module uploads the data to the control module, and the control module analyzes and determines whether there is a fire hazard in the tram according to the data; if there is, the isolation device is controlled to be opened to allow the tram to enter the fire protection space. When the tram completely enters the fire protection space, the isolation device is controlled to be closed and the fire protection device is opened to extinguish the fire in the tram in the fire protection space; if there is no fire hazard, the tram is kept charging normally.

[0063] During the operation of the solar energy storage fire protection system, the monitoring module continuously carries out data collection. For example, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the electric vehicle battery and the surrounding environment in the charging station once per second, obtaining temperature data accurate to 0.1°C; the smoke concentration sensor continuously detects the concentration of smoke particles in the air, and immediately transmits the concentration change data once smoke is generated; the smoke composition sensor uses advanced spectral analysis technology to analyze the chemical composition data contained in the smoke; the flame sensor is always alert to the appearance of flames, and once a flame is detected, it quickly feedbacks the flame data.

[0064] These data are transmitted to the control module in real time, and the control module analyzes and judges according to the preset algorithm and threshold. For example, when the battery temperature exceeds 60℃ and the heating rate is greater than 2℃ / second, or the smoke concentration exceeds a certain standard value, or a specific dangerous smoke component is detected, or a flame is found, it is determined that the electric vehicle has a fire hazard.

[0065] When it is determined that there is a fire hazard, the control module quickly sends a command to the drive device to drive the isolation device to open the isolation plate, allowing the tram to fall into the fire fighting space under the action of gravity. After the sensor detects that the tram has completely entered, the control module closes the isolation plate and starts the fire fighting device at the same time. For example, if it is an electrical fire, the gas source device is started first to inject inert gas into the fire fighting space; if the fire is large and has a tendency to spread, the water source device is started at the same time to cool down and extinguish the fire.

[0066] If the control module determines after analysis that there is no fire hazard, the normal operation of the charging system is maintained and the monitoring module continues to monitor the data to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0067] Through the comprehensive collection and analysis of multiple types of data, it is possible to detect and identify fire hazards in the very early stages of a fire, even when they just appear (such as when the battery temperature rises abnormally), which greatly improves the accuracy and timeliness of fire warnings compared to single data monitoring methods. After identifying fire hazards, the isolation and fire extinguishing procedures are quickly initiated to effectively prevent the fire from spreading to surrounding vehicles and facilities, control the fire losses to a minimum, and protect the safety and stability of the entire solar storage and charging system.

[0068] In some embodiments, a temperature data model is established based on case data of temperature changes when a tram catches fire and case data of temperature changes when a tram is charging at different weather temperatures; temperature data corresponding to each charging station is collected in real time, and multiple temperature data are input into the temperature data model for comparison, and the risk level is determined based on the output result of the temperature data model; if the risk level is high, it is determined that the tram has a fire hazard and the tram is extinguished; if the risk level is medium, the collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are analyzed and judged; if the risk level is low, the tram is kept charging normally.

[0069] First, a large amount of historical case data on temperature changes when electric vehicles catch fire is collected. These data cover temperature curves under different battery types, charging stages, fire causes, etc. At the same time, case data on temperature changes during normal charging of electric vehicles under various weather and temperature environments (such as high temperature, severe cold, and normal temperature) are collected. Based on this rich data, a temperature data model is established using machine learning algorithms (such as neural network algorithms).

[0070] When the solar energy storage fire fighting system is running, the temperature data of the electric vehicle battery and the surrounding environment are collected in real time through the temperature sensors distributed at each charging station, for example, a data point is collected every 30 seconds. These multiple temperature data sequences collected in real time are input into the established temperature data model for comparison and analysis.

[0071] The model outputs the corresponding risk level based on multiple factors such as the similarity between the input data and historical case data, the temperature change trend, etc. For example, if the input temperature data shows a rapid rise and is highly similar to the temperature change in a typical fire case, the model determines that the risk level is high; if the temperature has a certain degree of abnormal fluctuation, but does not reach a dangerous rapid rise state, it may be determined as a medium risk; if the temperature data is basically stable within the normal charging temperature range, it is determined to be a low risk.

[0072] When the risk level is high, the system directly determines that there is a fire hazard in the tram, and the control module immediately activates the isolation device and fire-fighting device to extinguish the fire in the tram to prevent the further development of the fire. If the risk level is medium, the system further analyzes the collected smoke composition data (such as detecting whether there are special components produced by electrolyte combustion through mass spectrometry) and smoke concentration data (determining the amount of smoke and its changing trend), and comprehensively judges whether there are fire hazards and the potential severity of the fire, so as to take more accurate response measures, such as increasing the monitoring frequency or preparing fire-fighting resources in advance. If the risk level is low, the system maintains the normal charging state of the tram, and the monitoring module continues to collect data to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0073] By establishing a temperature data model based on a large amount of case data, the fire risk during the charging process of electric vehicles can be more accurately assessed. Instead of relying solely on simple temperature threshold judgments, the trend of temperature changes, similarities with historical fire cases and other factors are comprehensively considered to achieve a detailed classification of fire risks. Different response strategies are adopted for different risk levels to avoid overreaction (such as no need to start firefighting procedures for low-level risks) and underreaction (such as rapid initiation of fire extinguishing for high-level risks), improve the accuracy and rationality of firefighting system processing, and effectively reduce false alarms and missed reports. This data model-based risk assessment method can detect potential risks in advance based on temperature change trends when fire hazards have not yet been clearly manifested as intuitive phenomena such as smoke and flames, especially the judgment and further analysis mechanism of intermediate risks, which provides the possibility of taking preventive measures in advance. Since the temperature data model is established based on case data of different weather temperature environments and various types of electric vehicle batteries, it can adapt well to complex and changeable practical application scenarios. Whether it is a tram used in cold areas or in hot areas, whether it is a new high-performance battery or a traditional battery, the system can accurately assess the risk according to its specific temperature change law, ensure that the fire protection system can function effectively under various conditions, and guarantee the fire safety of tram charging.

[0074] In some embodiments, a smoke composition data model and a smoke concentration data model are respectively established based on the case data of smoke composition and the case data of smoke concentration generated when a tram catches fire; the smoke composition data and the smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected in real time, and multiple smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are respectively input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model for comparison, and it is determined whether the tram has a fire hazard based on the output results of the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model.

[0075] During the system construction phase, case data on smoke composition and corresponding smoke concentration when many trams caught fire were collected. These data come from a wide range of sources and may include battery combustion conditions of trams of different brands and models, as well as smoke information generated at different charging stages and different causes of fire. Using these data, data mining and machine learning techniques are used to construct smoke composition data models and smoke concentration data models respectively. For example, for the smoke composition data model, the convolutional neural network algorithm in deep learning can be used to analyze and model the types and proportions of various chemical components contained in the smoke (such as electrolyte decomposition products, plastic combustion products, etc.); for the smoke concentration data model, a time series analysis algorithm can be used to construct a model based on the change pattern of smoke concentration over time.

[0076] During actual operation, the high-precision smoke composition sensors and smoke concentration sensors equipped at each charging station work continuously. The smoke composition sensors can accurately detect the content of various chemical components in the smoke, while the smoke concentration sensors monitor the density of the smoke in real time. For example, data is collected every 10 seconds, and the real-time collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are input into the corresponding models respectively. The smoke composition data model will compare the input data with the smoke composition data in historical cases to analyze the similarity and anomalies of their chemical composition; the smoke concentration data model will make judgments based on factors such as the concentration value of the input data, the trend of change, and the degree of matching with historical cases.

[0077] The combined output of the two models is used to determine whether the tram has a fire hazard. For example, if the smoke composition data model detects certain dangerous chemical components (such as a large amount of flammable and toxic hydrofluoric acid gas, which may be produced when some lithium batteries burn) and the smoke concentration data model shows that the smoke concentration rises rapidly and exceeds a certain threshold, the system will determine that the tram has a fire hazard.

[0078] The specially established smoke composition data model and smoke concentration data model can make a more accurate judgment on the hidden dangers of tram fires. The smoke composition data model can deeply analyze the chemical composition in the smoke and accurately identify the dangerous components closely related to battery combustion, thereby providing early warning of possible serious fire risks. The smoke concentration data model provides additional judgment basis from the perspective of the amount of smoke. The combination of the two avoids the limitations of single indicator judgment, greatly improves the accuracy of fire hazard judgment, and effectively reduces the misjudgment rate.

[0079] Different types of electric vehicle batteries will produce different smoke components and concentration change characteristics when burning. The model established based on a large amount of case data can adapt well to this diversity. Whether it is common lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, or emerging solid-state batteries, as well as conditions under different charging power and charging environments (such as high temperature and humid environment), the system can accurately analyze and judge the smoke data based on the model, ensuring that fire hazards can be effectively monitored under various complex working conditions to ensure the safety of charging facilities and electric vehicles.

[0080] In some embodiments, if the smoke component data lacks data that does not exist in at least one of the smoke component data models and the smoke concentration data model, the smoke component data is collected multiple times, and the smoke concentration data is collected at the same time, and the change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained from the multiple collections is recorded, and it is determined whether the tram has a fire hazard based on the change gradient; if the smoke component data contains data that does not exist in the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, then in the process of synchronously collecting the smoke concentration data, the abnormal gas components are marked and input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model as a factor interfering with gas detection when the smoke component data and smoke concentration data are collected next time.

[0081] During the monitoring process of the solar energy storage charging fire protection system, when the smoke composition data collected for the first time is analyzed and found to lack at least one typical data existing in the pre-built smoke composition data model and smoke concentration data model, for example, the trace gas component produced by the decomposition of a certain electrolyte that is expected to appear in the early stage of the battery fire in the model is not detected. At this time, the system will quickly collect smoke composition data multiple times in a short period of time, such as once every 2 seconds, and continue to collect smoke concentration data. After each collection of smoke concentration data, the difference between the two adjacent data is calculated to obtain the change gradient of the smoke concentration data. If it is found that the gradient of the smoke concentration change shows a continuous increase and exceeds a certain preset threshold, even if some typical smoke components do not appear, it can be determined that the tram may have a fire hazard. The system will correspondingly increase the monitoring level or initiate some auxiliary fire warning measures, such as notifying nearby staff to conduct on-site inspections or increase the frequency of monitoring other data of the charging station.

[0082] When the smoke composition data contains data that does not originally exist in the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model, for example, when nicotine and other gases generated by smoking in the parking lot are detected. During the synchronous collection of smoke concentration data, the system will automatically mark this abnormal gas component. Then the data information containing the abnormal gas component is input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model, and the parameters and judgment logic of the model are updated. In this way, when the smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are collected again in the future, the system will be able to consider this abnormal gas component as a factor that interferes with gas detection, avoid misjudgment or missed judgment due to the newly emerged gas components, and improve the accuracy and adaptability of the entire system to judge fire hazards under new batteries or special working conditions.

[0083] The possible mismatch between smoke composition data and the model is carefully analyzed and processed. Whether it is the lack of typical data or the presence of unknown data, there are corresponding detection and judgment mechanisms. Through multiple acquisitions and gradient analysis, fire hazards can be more accurately judged in complex smoke composition change scenarios, reducing misjudgments caused by data anomalies, ensuring that the fire protection system can accurately identify dangerous situations and respond in a timely manner at the early stage of a fire, effectively protecting the safety of charging facilities and the surrounding environment.

[0084] So far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0085] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.

Claims

1. A solar energy storage fire fighting system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of charging stations (1), one of the charging stations (1) being used to charge one electric vehicle (9); A plurality of fire-fighting spaces (2), wherein the plurality of fire-fighting spaces (2) are not interconnected, and each of the fire-fighting spaces (2) is correspondingly arranged below one of the charging stations (1); An isolation device (3), wherein one isolation device (3) is provided between each charging station (1) and the fire fighting space (2); A driving device, the driving device is connected to the isolation device (3) and is used to drive the isolation device (3) to open or close so as to connect or isolate the charging station (1) and the fire fighting space (2); A fire-fighting device (4), the fire-fighting device (4) being arranged in the fire-fighting space (2) and used for extinguishing fire in the fire-fighting space (2); A monitoring module (5), the monitoring module (5) being used to obtain real-time data in the charging station (1); and A control module, the control module being respectively connected to the monitoring module (5), the fire-fighting device (4) and the driving device, and the control module controlling the start or stop of the fire-fighting device (4) and the driving device according to the data collected by the monitoring module (5).

2. The solar energy storage fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation device (3) comprises an isolation plate arranged in a horizontal direction, the isolation plate is used for the charging station (1) and the fire fighting space (2), and is used to support the electric vehicle (9); The isolation plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the fire fighting space (2), and the isolation plate is connected to the driving device. The isolation plate can be driven by the driving device to translate to connect the charging station (1) and the fire fighting space (2).

3. The solar energy storage fire fighting system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of support plates (6), wherein the plurality of support plates (6) are arranged at intervals and arranged in a vertical direction, and the plurality of support plates (6) are combined with the isolation plates and the ground to form the fire fighting space (2); The fire fighting space (2) is a rectangular cube structure.

4. The solar energy storage fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire fighting device (4) comprises an air source device and / or a water source device; The air source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire fighting space (2); The gas source device and / or the water source device are connected to the fire fighting space (2) via a connecting pipe and are used to fill the fire fighting space (2) with inert gas and / or water.

5. The solar energy storage fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module (5) comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke component sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor and an infrared thermal imager; The monitoring module (5) is arranged above the charging station (1).

6. The solar energy storage fire fighting system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: A charging unit, the charging unit comprising a photovoltaic module (7) and a storage battery (8), the photovoltaic module (7) being electrically connected to the storage battery (8) and capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery (8); The storage battery (8) is arranged below the charging station (1) and below the ground, and the storage battery (8) is used to charge the electric vehicle (9); The charging station (1) is provided with a switch unit, which is in communication connection with the control module, and the switch unit can receive instructions from the control module to control the on and off of the electrical connection between the storage battery (8) and the electric vehicle (9).

7. A fire control method, characterized in that: include: The monitoring module acquires real-time data in the charging station, wherein the real-time data includes at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke composition data and flame data; The monitoring module uploads the data to the control module, and the control module analyzes and determines whether there is a fire hazard in the electric vehicle based on the data; If it exists, the isolation device is controlled to be opened to allow the tram to enter the fire protection space. When the tram completely enters the fire protection space, the isolation device is controlled to be closed and the fire protection device is opened to extinguish the fire of the tram in the fire protection space; If not present, the electric vehicle is kept charged normally.

8. The fire control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Establishing a temperature data model based on the case data of temperature changes when the electric vehicle catches fire and the case data of temperature changes during charging of the electric vehicle at different weather temperatures; Collect temperature data corresponding to each charging station in real time, input a plurality of the temperature data into the temperature data model for comparison, and determine the risk level according to the output result of the temperature data model; If the risk level is high, it is determined that the tram has a fire hazard, and the tram is extinguished; If the risk level is medium, the collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are analyzed and judged; If the risk level is low, the electric vehicle is kept charged normally.

9. The fire control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: According to the smoke composition case data and smoke concentration case data generated when the tram is on fire, a smoke composition data model and a smoke concentration data model are respectively established; The smoke composition data and smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected in real time, and a plurality of the smoke composition data and the smoke concentration data are respectively input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model for comparison, and it is determined whether the tram has a fire hazard according to the output results of the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model.

10. The fire control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the smoke component data lacks at least one of the data in the smoke component data model and the data in the smoke concentration data model, the smoke component data is collected multiple times, and the smoke concentration data is collected at the same time, and the change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained by the multiple collections is recorded, and whether there is a fire hazard in the tram is determined based on the change gradient; If the smoke component data contains data that does not exist in the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, the abnormal gas components are marked during the process of synchronously collecting the smoke concentration data and are input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model as factors that interfere with gas detection when the smoke component data and smoke concentration data are collected next time.

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