System and method for preparing organic fertilizer based on coal-fired power plant

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for preparing an organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, and belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization. Comprising a boiler furnace and a stock bin, and the boiler furnace is sequentially connected with a vertical shaft flue, a mixing flue, a high-temperature spiral dryer, a high-temperature fan mill, a cyclone separator and a star-shaped feeder; the stock bin is sequentially connected with the belt conveyor, the middle storage bin and the screw feeder, and the screw feeder is connected with the high-temperature screw dryer. The biomass materials are dried and carbonized through the high-temperature spiral dryer, the treated materials are further refined in the high-temperature fan mill, and the collection and utilization efficiency of the biomass materials is improved; through combination of straw and other biomass materials and organic fertilizer preparation, high integration of the process is realized. All the devices are tightly connected, the process is smooth, and loss and energy consumption of materials in the conveying process are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization, and specifically relates to a system and method for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant. Background Art

[0002] In the current field of biomass energy utilization, the utilization of boiler tail flue gas and the processing of biomass raw materials such as straw are important links. Traditional biomass energy processing systems often have problems such as high flue gas emission temperature, low energy utilization efficiency, and complex and inefficient biomass raw material processing technology. In order to improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and increase the utilization rate of biomass raw materials, it is particularly important to improve the existing system.

[0003] The traditional biomass raw material processing process includes multiple links such as crushing, transportation, and storage. The lack of efficient connection and coordination between these links leads to low processing efficiency. In addition, biomass raw materials are easily affected by factors such as weather and humidity during storage and transportation, further reducing their utilization rate. During the drying and carbonization process of biomass raw materials, the lack of effective heating and control means leads to unsatisfactory drying and carbonization effects. This not only affects the quality and output of biomass energy, but may also have an adverse effect on subsequent processing processes.

[0004] In the existing boiler tail flue gas treatment system, high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas are not properly regulated and utilized. These flue gases are directly discharged into the atmosphere, which not only wastes energy but also may cause thermal pollution to the environment.

[0005] In the mixed treatment process of flue gas and biomass dust, due to the lack of effective separation and purification means, the combustibles in the flue gas are not fully burned out, and the dust collection and utilization efficiency is also low. This not only reduces the energy utilization efficiency, but also may cause secondary pollution to the environment. The existing biomass energy treatment system has a low overall degree of automation and lacks intelligent control and monitoring means. This makes it difficult for the system to achieve efficient and stable operation during operation, and also increases the operating cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0006] In summary, the existing system has many problems in flue gas utilization, biomass raw material processing, drying and carbonization effect, flue gas and dust mixing processing, and system automation. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to improve and optimize the existing system to improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and increase the utilization rate of biomass raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of high flue gas emission temperature and low energy utilization efficiency in existing biomass energy processing systems, and to provide a system and method for preparing organic fertilizer based on coal-fired power plants.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, comprising a boiler furnace and a silo, wherein the boiler furnace is sequentially connected to a vertical shaft flue, a mixing flue, a high-temperature spiral dryer, a high-temperature fan mill, a cyclone separator and a star feeder; The silo is connected to a belt conveyor, a middle storage bin and a screw feeder in sequence, and the screw feeder is connected to a high-temperature screw dryer.

[0009] High-temperature flue gas is generated in the furnace of the boiler, and low-temperature flue gas is generated at the tail of the vertical shaft flue; The high-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature greater than 600°C, and the low-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature less than 400°C.

[0010] The high-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas are mixed to obtain medium-temperature flue gas, and the medium-temperature flue gas flows through a mixing flue into a high-temperature spiral dryer; The medium-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature between 450°C and 650°C.

[0011] A heating device, a temperature sensor and an intelligent temperature control system are arranged in the mixed flue. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the mixed flue in real time. When the monitored temperature is lower than a preset temperature, the intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to heat.

[0012] The high-temperature spiral dryer is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is used to receive the biomass raw material in the spiral feeder.

[0013] The high-temperature spiral dryer comprises an inner cylinder, and spiral blades are arranged outside the inner cylinder for delivering the biomass raw materials.

[0014] The inner cylinder is provided with through holes, and the medium-temperature flue gas heats the biomass raw material through the through holes.

[0015] The boiler furnace comprises a main burner and a burnt air inlet. The main burner mixes boiler fuel with air and ignites the mixture to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the burnt air inlet is used to introduce burnt air.

[0016] The cyclone separator is connected to a smoke recovery pipeline, and the smoke recovery pipeline is used to recover the smoke separated by the cyclone separator.

[0017] A method for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, the specific method is as follows: The high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler furnace are mixed to obtain medium-temperature flue gas, which enters the high-temperature spiral dryer through the mixing flue. The temperature sensor monitors the flue gas temperature in the mixing flue in real time. When the temperature is lower than the preset value, the intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to heat; The biomass is added into the silo, and then passes through the belt conveyor, the intermediate storage silo and the screw feeder in sequence and enters the high-temperature screw dryer; The medium-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature spiral dryer heats and carbonizes the biomass. The mixture of heated and carbonized biomass and flue gas enters the high-temperature fan mill for refinement. The refined mixture is separated by a cyclone separator, and the separated flue gas is returned to the boiler furnace through the flue gas recovery pipeline. The biomass is bagged by a star feeder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a system and method for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, including a boiler furnace and a silo, wherein the boiler furnace is sequentially connected to a vertical shaft flue, a mixing flue, a high-temperature spiral dryer, a high-temperature fan mill, a cyclone separator and a star feeder; the silo is sequentially connected to a belt conveyor, an intermediate storage bin and a spiral feeder, and the spiral feeder is connected to the high-temperature spiral dryer. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler furnace and the low-temperature flue gas at the tail of the vertical shaft flue are mixed to form a mixed flue gas, which is sent to the high-temperature spiral dryer through the mixing flue, and at the same time, the biomass in the silo is transported by a belt conveyor through the intermediate storage bin and the spiral feeder and sent to the high-temperature spiral dryer, the biomass is dried by the medium-temperature flue gas, the dried biomass and the flue gas are separated by a cyclone separator, and the biomass is bagged by the star feeder. The high-temperature spiral dryer realizes the drying and carbonization of biomass materials, and the treated materials are further refined in the high-temperature fan mill, which improves the collection and utilization efficiency of biomass materials; by combining biomass materials such as straw with the preparation of organic fertilizers, a high degree of process integration is achieved. The various devices are closely connected and the process is smooth, which reduces the loss and energy consumption of materials during transportation. This system makes full use of the high-temperature flue gas generated by coal-fired power plants as a heat source to dry and carbonize biomass raw materials, which not only reduces the emission pressure of flue gas from power plants, but also realizes the effective utilization of biomass resources and improves resource utilization.

[0019] Furthermore, a heating device, a temperature sensor and an intelligent temperature control system are provided in the mixed flue. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the mixed flue in real time. When the monitored temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to heat, so that the drying and carbonization of the biomass material is kept in a fixed state, avoiding excessive drying of high-temperature flue gas, thereby generating a combustion reaction; and avoiding the problem of insufficient drying and carbonization of low-temperature flue gas. With a high degree of automation, it can reduce manual operation costs and improve production efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, through the cooperation of the intelligent temperature control system and the heating device, the temperature of the flue gas in the mixed flue is ensured to be stable, thereby optimizing the drying and carbonization process of the biomass raw materials. This not only reduces energy waste, but also reduces pollutant emissions in the production process, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0021] Furthermore, the design of the intermediate storage bin ensures the continuous supply of biomass materials, avoiding interruptions and fluctuations in the production process. At the same time, the use of the screw feeder ensures that the materials can be evenly and continuously transported to the subsequent equipment, providing a strong guarantee for stable production.

[0022] Furthermore, a high-temperature fan mill is provided to refine the mixture of biomass and flue gas, so that the particles of the refined biomass are smaller and more uniform, which is helpful for subsequent separation, storage and transportation.

[0023] Furthermore, the system ensures the quality of biomass processing and the quality of the final product by accurately controlling parameters such as material conveying speed, drying and carbonization temperature. This helps to improve the market competitiveness of products and meet market demand. The system can also adjust the types and formulas of organic fertilizers according to market demand and agricultural production needs to meet the diverse agricultural production needs.

[0024] Furthermore, using the flue gas of coal-fired power plants as a heat source to transform biomass resources not only reduces production costs, but also creates new economic benefits. The separated biomass can be sold as organic fertilizer, bringing an additional source of income to the power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-temperature spiral dryer in the present invention; Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. boiler furnace; 111. main burner; 112. burnout air inlet; 2. vertical shaft flue; 3. mixing flue; 4. high-temperature spiral dryer; 41. feed inlet; 42. inner cylinder; 43. spiral blade; 5. high-temperature fan mill; 6. cyclone separator; 7. star feeder; 8. flue gas recovery pipeline; 9. silo; 10. belt conveyor; 11. intermediate storage bin; 12. spiral feeder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0032] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1~2 As shown, a system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant has the following composition structure: A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant comprises a boiler furnace 1, the tail of the boiler furnace 1 is connected to a vertical shaft flue 2 and a mixing flue 3 in sequence, the flue gas in the mixing flue 3 is passed into a high-temperature spiral dryer 4, the outlet of the high-temperature spiral dryer 4 is connected to a high-temperature fan mill 5, the high-temperature fan mill 5 is connected to a cyclone separator 6, and a star feeder is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator 6; A silo 9 is provided for placing biomass materials, and the silo 9 is connected to a belt conveyor 10 , and the biomass materials are transported to a middle storage bin 11 through the belt conveyor 10 , and the middle storage bin 11 is connected to a screw feeder 12 , and the screw feeder 12 is connected to a high-temperature screw dryer 4 .

[0036] Preferably, a main burner 111 and a burnt air inlet 112 are provided on the boiler furnace 1. The main burner 111 is responsible for mixing the coal with air and igniting it to generate high-temperature flue gas. The burnt air inlet 112 is used to introduce burnt air to further improve the combustion efficiency of the coal, ensure that the coal is fully burned in the furnace, and reduce the emission of unburned carbon and other pollutants.

[0037] Preferably, the vertical flue 2 is used to guide the high-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler to flow downward and generate low-temperature flue gas at its tail. This design helps to fully utilize the thermal energy of the flue gas and reduce the temperature of the flue gas, providing conditions for subsequent mixing.

[0038] Preferably, a heating device, a temperature sensor and an intelligent temperature control system are installed in the mixing flue 3. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the mixing flue in real time. When the temperature is lower than a preset value, the intelligent temperature control system automatically starts the heating device to ensure that the temperature of the flue gas in the mixing flue 3 is stable.

[0039] Preferably, the high-temperature spiral dryer 4 is one of the core devices of the system, which is used to receive and dry the biomass raw materials. The high-temperature spiral dryer is provided with a feed port 41, which receives the biomass raw materials from the silo 9 through the spiral feeder 12. The high-temperature spiral dryer 4 includes an inner cylinder 42, and the inner cylinder 42 is provided with a through hole for passing the medium-temperature flue gas. The outer surface of the inner cylinder 42 is provided with a spiral blade 43, and the spiral blade 43 pushes the biomass raw materials forward along the inner cylinder 42, and the medium-temperature flue gas heats and dries the biomass raw materials through the through hole on the inner cylinder.

[0040] Preferably, the silo 9 is arranged below the ground, and the biomass in the silo 9 is transported above the ground by a belt conveyor 10. Placing the silo 9 underground may help save ground space, reduce the impact of natural factors such as wind and rain on the materials, and provide a certain degree of safety isolation.

[0041] A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, the specific preparation method of which is as follows: The high-temperature flue gas (about 600°C) generated by the boiler furnace 1 and the low-temperature flue gas (400°C) at the tail of the vertical shaft flue 2 form a mixed flue gas (about 500°C) and enter the high-temperature spiral dryer 4, which dries and carbonizes the biomass such as straw entering it. The intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to maintain the temperature of the medium-temperature flue gas stable according to the feedback from the temperature sensor.

[0042] Biomass raw materials such as straw are crushed in a special processing plant (the length dimension is not more than 50mm), transported by car into a silo 9 arranged below zero meters, transported to a medium storage silo 11 via a belt conveyor 10, and then sent to a high-temperature screw dryer 4 via a screw feeder 12.

[0043] The inner cylinder 42 of the high-temperature spiral dryer 4 is provided with a spiral blade 43. During the rotation, the feed is sent out. Meanwhile, the inner cylinder 42 is densely covered with holes of a certain size, and the medium-temperature flue gas passes through the holes to heat the feed. The feed is transported by the spiral blade 43, and after a certain period of high-temperature carbonization, it is finally sent to the high-temperature fan mill 5 for crushing along with the flue gas.

[0044] A cyclone separator 6 is installed at the outlet of the high-temperature fan mill 5. After the flue gas and biomass dust are mixed and separated, the flue gas is discharged through the flue gas recovery pipeline 8 and sent to the special burners on the front and rear walls of the boiler, which are arranged between the main burner 111 and the burnout air inlet 112, which can ensure that the combustibles in the flue gas are fully burned out; the separated biomass material is bagged by the star feeder 7 and sold.

[0045] Preferably, the intermediate storage bin 11 is used to temporarily store the biomass materials transported by the belt conveyor 10. The design of the intermediate storage bin 11 should take into account the storage volume and storage time of the materials to ensure the continuity and stability of the production process. At the same time, the intermediate storage bin 11 should also have moisture-proof, dust-proof, and rodent-proof functions to protect the quality of the materials.

[0046] Preferably, the screw feeder 12 is a commonly used conveying equipment for continuously and evenly conveying materials from the storage equipment to the next process. In this process, the screw feeder 12 is responsible for conveying the biomass in the intermediate storage bin 11 to the subsequent drying or processing equipment. The screw feeder 12 has the advantages of simple structure, small footprint, large conveying capacity, strong adaptability, etc. It can adjust the conveying speed as needed to achieve precise material control.

[0047] Preferably, the cyclone separator 6 separates the refined mixture into flue gas and biomass. This is achieved by utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the airflow, whereby the heavier biomass particles are thrown toward the wall and fall, while the lighter flue gas continues to rise and is discharged through the flue gas recovery pipe 8.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments only describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant, characterized in that: It comprises a boiler furnace (1) and a silo (9), wherein the boiler furnace (1) is sequentially connected to a vertical shaft flue (2), a mixing flue (3), a high-temperature spiral dryer (4), a high-temperature fan mill (5), a cyclone separator (6) and a star feeder (7); The silo (9) is sequentially connected to a belt conveyor (10), a middle storage bin (11) and a screw feeder (12), and the screw feeder (12) is connected to a high-temperature screw dryer (4).

2. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-temperature flue gas is generated in the boiler furnace (1), and low-temperature flue gas is generated at the tail end of the vertical shaft flue (2); The high-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature greater than 600°C, and the low-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature less than 400°C.

3. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas are mixed to obtain medium-temperature flue gas, and the medium-temperature flue gas flows through a mixing flue (3) and enters a high-temperature spiral dryer (4); The medium-temperature flue gas is flue gas with a temperature between 450°C and 650°C.

4. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing flue (3) is provided with a heating device, a temperature sensor and an intelligent temperature control system. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the mixing flue (3) in real time. When the monitored temperature is lower than a preset temperature, the intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to perform heating.

5. The system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature spiral dryer (4) is provided with a feed port (41), and the feed port (41) is used to receive the biomass raw material in the spiral feeder (12).

6. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-temperature spiral dryer (4) comprises an inner cylinder (42), and spiral blades (43) are arranged outside the inner cylinder (42), and the spiral blades (43) are used to send out the biomass raw materials.

7. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (52) is provided with through holes, and the medium-temperature flue gas heats the biomass raw material through the through holes.

8. The system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boiler furnace (1) comprises a main burner (111) and a burnt air inlet (112); the main burner (111) mixes boiler fuel with air and ignites the mixture to generate high-temperature flue gas; the burnt air inlet (112) is used to introduce burnt air.

9. A system for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (6) is connected to a smoke recovery pipe (8), and the smoke recovery pipe (8) is used to recover the smoke separated by the cyclone separator (6).

10. A method for preparing organic fertilizer based on a coal-fired power plant as described in claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: The high-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler furnace (1) are mixed to obtain medium-temperature flue gas, and the medium-temperature flue gas enters the high-temperature spiral dryer (4) through the mixing flue duct (3). The temperature sensor monitors the flue gas temperature in the mixing flue duct (3) in real time. When the temperature is lower than a preset value, the intelligent temperature control system controls the heating device to heat the flue gas; Adding biomass into a silo (9), the biomass passes through a belt conveyor (10), a middle storage bin (11) and a screw feeder (12) in sequence and enters a high-temperature screw dryer (4); The medium-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature spiral dryer (4) heats and carbonizes the biomass, and the mixture of the heated and carbonized biomass and flue gas enters the high-temperature fan mill (5) for refinement. The refined mixture is separated by a cyclone separator (6), and the separated flue gas is returned to the boiler furnace (1) through a flue gas recovery pipe (8). The biomass is bagged by a star feeder (7).

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