Shift mechanism, transmission, electric powertrain and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a gear shifting mechanism, a transmission, an electric assembly and a vehicle. The gear shifting mechanism comprises a first gear, a second gear and a shift fork. The first gear and the second gear are arranged at intervals along a first direction. The shift fork is movable along the first direction and is used for cooperating with the first gear or the second gear. The shift fork is provided with a first oil passage and a second oil passage. A first oil outlet of the first oil passage is used for supplying oil to a side of the first gear facing the second gear. A second oil outlet of the second oil passage is used for supplying oil to a side of the second gear facing the first gear. A first oil inlet of the first oil passage is automatically opened when the first gear is shifted, and is automatically closed before the first gear is shifted and at the end of the shifting. A second oil inlet of the second oil passage is automatically opened when the second gear is shifted, and is automatically closed before the second gear is shifted and at the end of the shifting. According to the gear shifting mechanism, the gear shifting mechanism can guarantee lubrication and cooling effects, and the circulation and disconnection of lubricating oil can be realized without the participation of a control mechanism, so that the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a shifting mechanism, a transmission, an electric powertrain, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the gear shifting mechanism of a vehicle generates a large amount of heat due to friction during gear shifting. If it is not lubricated by lubricating oil, the shifting mechanism is prone to failure due to thermal degradation. However, the shifting mechanism does not require lubrication before and after shifting. Existing shifting mechanisms cannot achieve automatic flow and disconnection of lubricating oil, and controlling the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil through control mechanisms such as solenoid valves would increase costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a shifting mechanism that can ensure lubrication and cooling effects, and can realize the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil without the need for a control mechanism, thereby reducing costs.

[0004] The present invention also proposes a transmission comprising the aforementioned shifting mechanism.

[0005] The present invention also proposes an electric powertrain, which includes the aforementioned transmission.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a vehicle comprising the above-described electric powertrain.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a shifting mechanism includes: a first gear, a second gear, and a shift fork. The first gear and the second gear are spaced apart along a first direction; the shift fork is movable along the first direction and is used to cooperate with the first gear or the second gear. The shift fork has a first oil passage and a second oil passage. The first oil passage has a first oil outlet for supplying oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and the second oil passage has a second oil outlet for supplying oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. The first oil passage has a first oil inlet that automatically opens during shifting to the first gear and automatically closes before shifting to the first gear and after shifting. The second oil passage has a second oil inlet that automatically opens during shifting to the second gear and automatically closes before shifting to the second gear and after shifting.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shifting mechanism includes a first oil passage and a second oil passage within a movable shift fork in a first direction. The first oil passage has a first outlet for supplying oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and the second oil passage has a second outlet for supplying oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet of the first oil passage and the second oil inlet of the second oil passage automatically open during shifting and automatically close before and after shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first and second gears and the shift fork, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism from failing due to thermal degradation, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve, significantly reducing the cost of the shifting mechanism while ensuring lubrication.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the two ends of the shift fork along the first direction are respectively a first end and a second end. The shifting mechanism further includes: a lubricating oil pipeline, a first housing, and a second housing. The lubricating oil pipeline is used to connect to a lubricating oil supply system. The inner wall of the first housing has a first lubricating oil inlet connected to the lubricating oil pipeline. The first end of the shift fork extends into the first housing and is movable along the first direction. The first inlet is located inside the first housing and faces the first lubricating oil inlet. The second housing is spaced apart from the first housing along the first direction. The inner wall of the second housing has a second lubricating oil inlet connected to the lubricating oil pipeline. The second end of the fork extends into the second housing and is movable along the first direction. The second oil inlet is located inside the second housing and faces the second lubricating oil inlet. Along the first direction, when the shift fork is not shifting towards the first gear and the second gear, the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet are located between the first lubricating oil inlet and the second lubricating oil inlet. After the shift fork shifts with the first gear, the first oil inlet is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet away from the second lubricating oil inlet. After the shift fork shifts with the second gear, the second oil inlet is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet away from the first lubricating oil inlet.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the first oil inlet is the same as the shape of the first lubricating oil inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first oil inlet is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first lubricating oil inlet; and / or, the shape of the second oil inlet is the same as the shape of the second lubricating oil inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second oil inlet is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second lubricating oil inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first driving oil cavity is formed between the side of the first end away from the second end and the first housing, and a second driving oil cavity is formed between the side of the second end away from the first end and the second housing. The first driving oil cavity and the second driving oil cavity are adapted to be connected to a driving oil supply system.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shifting mechanism further includes: a first self-locking structure and a second self-locking structure, wherein the first self-locking structure is disposed at the first end and adapted to cooperate with the first housing, for positioning the shift fork after the shift fork has shifted to the first gear; the second self-locking structure is disposed at the second end and adapted to cooperate with the second housing, for positioning the shift fork after the shift fork has shifted to the second gear.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first housing is provided with a first drive oil port communicating with the drive oil supply system. The first drive oil port is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet away from the second housing. The first end is provided with a first mounting groove. The side wall of the first mounting groove is provided with a first communicating hole communicating with the first drive oil cavity. The first self-locking structure is provided in the first mounting groove. After the shift fork and the first gear are shifted, the opening of the first mounting groove is directly opposite the first drive oil port. The first self-locking structure is adapted to extend into the first drive oil port.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first self-locking structure includes: a first self-locking pin and a first elastic member, wherein the first self-locking pin is movable along the depth direction of the first mounting groove; the first elastic member is disposed in the first mounting groove and located between the first self-locking pin and the bottom wall of the first mounting groove, for driving the first self-locking pin to move toward the first driving port.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second housing is provided with a second drive oil port that communicates with the drive oil supply system. The second drive oil port is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet away from the first housing. The second end is provided with a second mounting groove. The side wall of the second mounting groove is provided with a second communicating hole that communicates with the second drive oil chamber. The second self-locking structure is provided in the second mounting groove. After the shift fork and the second gear are shifted, the opening of the second mounting groove is directly opposite the second drive oil port. The second self-locking structure is adapted to extend into the second drive oil port.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second self-locking structure includes a second self-locking pin and a second elastic member. The second self-locking pin is movable along the depth direction of the second mounting groove. The second elastic member is disposed in the second mounting groove and located between the second self-locking pin and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove, for driving the second self-locking pin to move toward the second driving port.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first sealing ring is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the first housing and the outer peripheral wall of the first end, and the first sealing ring is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet facing the second housing; and / or, a second sealing ring is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the second housing and the outer peripheral wall of the second end, and the second sealing ring is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet facing the first housing.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shift fork includes a fork body and a fork angle. The fork body extends along the first direction. One end of the fork angle is connected to the fork body and located between the first gear and the second gear. The shifting mechanism further includes a synchronizer. The synchronizer includes a synchronizer sleeve. The synchronizer sleeve is connected to the other end of the fork angle and is adapted to cooperate with the first gear or the second gear. The first oil passage and the second oil passage are both provided on the fork body. The first oil outlet is located adjacent to the fork angle and on the side of the fork angle facing the first gear. The second oil outlet is located adjacent to the fork angle and on the side of the fork angle facing the second gear.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first oil passage is located on the side of the fork angle facing the first gear and extends along the length direction of the fork body; and / or, the second oil passage is located on the side of the fork angle facing the second gear and extends along the length direction of the fork body; and / or, the first oil outlet is one or more; and / or, the second oil outlet is one or more.

[0020] The transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the shifting mechanism described above.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the transmission of the present invention, a first oil passage and a second oil passage are provided within a shift fork movable in a first direction. The first oil passage has a first outlet for supplying oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and the second oil passage has a second outlet for supplying oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet of the first oil passage and the second oil inlet of the second oil passage can automatically open during gear shifting and automatically close before and after shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first and second gears and the shift fork, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism from failing due to thermal degradation, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism and the transmission. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve, significantly reducing the cost of the shifting mechanism while ensuring lubrication, thus lowering the overall cost of the transmission.

[0022] An electric powertrain according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the aforementioned transmission.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the electric powertrain of the present invention, a first oil passage and a second oil passage are provided within a shift fork movable in a first direction. The first oil outlet of the first oil passage supplies oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and the second oil outlet of the second oil passage supplies oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet of the first oil passage and the second oil inlet of the second oil passage can automatically open during gear shifting and automatically close before and after gear shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first and second gears and the shift fork, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism from failing due to thermal degradation, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism and transmission, and consequently extending the service life of the electric powertrain. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve. While ensuring lubrication, this significantly reduces the cost of the shifting mechanism and transmission, thereby lowering the cost of the electric powertrain.

[0024] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the electric powertrain described above.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle is equipped with a first oil passage and a second oil passage within a shift fork movable along a first direction. The first oil passage has a first outlet for supplying oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and the second oil passage has a second outlet for supplying oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet of the first oil passage and the second oil inlet of the second oil passage can automatically open during gear shifting and automatically close before and after shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first and second gears and the shift fork, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism from failing due to thermal degradation, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism and the electric assembly. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve, significantly reducing the cost of the shifting mechanism and the electric assembly while ensuring lubrication, thus lowering the overall vehicle cost.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a gear shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shift fork is not shifting towards the first gear and the second gear;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shift fork is shifting towards the first gear and the first oil inlet is directly opposite the first lubricating oil inlet;

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shift fork has finished shifting towards the first gear and part of the first self-locking pin has moved into the first drive oil port;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shift fork engages with the first gear and all the first self-locking pins are located in the first mounting groove;

[0036] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0037] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 100. Gear shifting mechanism;

[0040] 1. First gear; 11. First engagement gear;

[0041] 2. Second gear; 21. Second engagement gear;

[0042] 3. Shift fork; 31. First oil passage; 311. First oil outlet; 312. First oil inlet; 32. Second oil passage; 321. Second oil outlet; 322. Second oil inlet; 33. First end; 34. Second end; 35. First mounting groove; 351. First connecting hole; 36. Second mounting groove; 361. Second connecting hole; 37. Fork body; 38. Fork corner;

[0043] 4. Lubricating oil pipeline;

[0044] 5. First housing; 51. First lubricating oil inlet; 52. First drive oil chamber; 53. First drive oil port; 54. First sealing ring;

[0045] 6. Second housing; 61. Second lubricating oil inlet; 62. Second drive oil chamber; 63. Second drive oil port; 64. Second sealing ring;

[0046] 7. First self-locking structure; 71. First self-locking pin; 72. First elastic element;

[0047] 8. Second self-locking structure; 81. Second self-locking pin; 82. Second elastic element;

[0048] 9. Synchronizer; 91. Synchronizer sleeve; 92. First synchronizer ring; 93. Second synchronizer ring. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] The following is for reference. Figures 1-10 A shifting mechanism 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the shifting mechanism 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first gear 1, a second gear 2, and a shift fork 3.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the shift mechanism 100 is suitable for use in a vehicle. A first gear 1 and a second gear 2 are spaced apart along a first direction. A shift fork 3 is movable along the first direction and is used to engage with either the first gear 1 or the second gear 2. The shift fork 3 is adapted to connect with the vehicle's gearshift lever. When the driver operates the gearshift lever, the lever drives the shift fork 3 to move in the first direction, causing the shift fork 3 to move towards the first gear 1 or the second gear 2. This allows the shift fork 3 to engage with the first gear 1 or the second gear 2, achieving gear shifting and ultimately realizing the function of changing speed.

[0055] The shift fork 3 has a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32. The first oil outlet 311 of the first oil passage 31 supplies oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2, and the second oil outlet 321 of the second oil passage 32 supplies oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. The first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 automatically opens during shifting to the first gear 1 and automatically closes before shifting to the first gear 1 and after shifting. The second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 automatically opens during shifting to the second gear 2 and automatically closes before shifting to the second gear 2 and after shifting.

[0056] It is understandable that the first oil passage 31 and the second oil passage 32 are used for the flow of lubricating oil. In the first direction, the first oil inlet 312 and the first oil outlet 311 can be located at both ends of the first oil passage 31, and the second oil inlet 322 and the second oil outlet 321 can be located at both ends of the second oil passage 32.

[0057] When the shift fork 3 moves toward and engages with the first gear 1 to achieve gear shifting, the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 experiences intense friction and generates a large amount of heat. At this time, the first oil inlet 312 automatically opens, and the first oil passage 31 connects to the lubricating oil supply system. Lubricating oil can enter the first oil passage 31 from the first oil inlet 312, flow through the first oil passage 31, and then flow out from the first oil outlet 311, flowing toward the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2. Thus, the flowing lubricating oil can carry away the heat generated during the friction between the first gear 1 and the shift fork 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 and preventing the first gear 1 and shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal degradation. It can also reduce the wear of components such as the first gear 1, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100. When the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1 ends, the first oil inlet 312 automatically closes, reducing the oil supply pressure and avoiding resource waste.

[0058] Similarly, when the shift fork 3 moves toward the second gear 2 and engages with it to shift gears, the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 experiences intense friction and generates a large amount of heat. At this time, the second oil inlet 322 automatically opens, and the second oil passage 32 connects to the lubricating oil supply system. Lubricating oil can enter the second oil passage 32 from the second oil inlet 322, flow through the second oil passage 32, and then flow out from the second oil outlet 321, flowing toward the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. Thus, the flowing lubricating oil can carry away the heat generated during the friction between the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 and preventing the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal degradation. It can also reduce the wear of components such as the second gear 2, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100. When the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2 ends, the second oil inlet 322 automatically closes, reducing the oil supply pressure and avoiding resource waste.

[0059] When the shift fork 3 moves along the first direction, the first oil inlet 312 and the second oil inlet 322 can automatically open during the shifting process and automatically close before and after the shifting. The flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the participation of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve. While ensuring the lubrication effect, the cost of the shifting mechanism 100 can be greatly reduced.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shifting mechanism 100, by providing a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32 within a movable shift fork 3 along a first direction, provides oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 via a first oil outlet 311, and oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 via a second oil outlet 321. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 and the second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 automatically open during shifting and automatically close before and after shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first gear 1, the second gear 2, and the shift fork 3, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism 100 from failing due to thermal degradation, reducing wear between components, and extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve, significantly reducing the cost of the shifting mechanism 100 while ensuring lubrication.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10As shown, the two ends of the shift fork 3 along the first direction are the first end 33 and the second end 34, respectively. The shift mechanism 100 also includes a lubricating oil pipeline 4, a first housing 5 and a second housing 6. The lubricating oil pipeline 4 is used to connect to the lubricating oil supply system, which can provide lubricating oil. The first oil passage 31 and the second oil passage 32 are connected to the lubricating oil supply system through the lubricating oil pipeline 4.

[0062] The first housing 5 has a first lubricating oil inlet 51 connected to the lubricating oil pipeline 4 on its inner wall. The first end 33 of the shift fork 3 extends into the first housing 5 and is movable in a first direction. The first oil inlet 312 is located inside the first housing 5 and faces the first lubricating oil inlet 51. The second housing 6 is spaced apart from the first housing 5 along the first direction. The second housing 6 has a second lubricating oil inlet 61 connected to the lubricating oil pipeline 4 on its inner wall. The second end 34 of the shift fork 3 extends into the second housing 6 and is movable in the first direction. The second oil inlet 322 is located inside the second housing 6 and faces the second lubricating oil inlet 61.

[0063] Furthermore, along the first direction, when the shift fork 3 is not shifting towards the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, the first oil inlet 312 and the second oil inlet 322 are located between the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61. After the shift fork 3 shifts with the first gear 1, the first oil inlet 312 is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet 51 that is away from the second lubricating oil inlet 61. After the shift fork 3 shifts with the second gear 2, the second oil inlet 322 is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 that is away from the first lubricating oil inlet 51.

[0064] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shifting mechanism 100 has a neutral state, and the first oil inlet 312 and the second oil inlet 322 are located between the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61 in a first direction. When the shift fork 3 shifts towards the first gear 1, the shift fork 3 moves along the direction from the second end 34 to the first end 33, and the first oil inlet 312 moves closer to the first lubricating oil inlet 51. During the shifting process of the shift fork 3 towards the first gear 1, the first oil inlet 312 gradually overlaps with the first lubricating oil inlet 51, and part of the first oil inlet 312 is connected to part of the first lubricating oil inlet 51, so that the first oil inlet 312 automatically and gradually opens. Thus, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply system to the lubricating oil pipeline can enter the first oil passage 31 in sequence through the connected first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the first oil inlet 312. As the shift fork 3 moves, the overlapping area of ​​the first oil inlet 312 and the first lubricating oil inlet 51 gradually increases, and the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the first oil passage 31 from the lubricating oil pipeline also gradually increases.

[0065] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, during the shifting process of the shift fork 3 towards the first gear 1, when the first oil inlet 312 is opposite to the first lubricating oil inlet 51, the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the first oil passage 31 from the lubricating oil pipe reaches its maximum. At this time, the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 generates a large amount of heat due to intense friction, and its demand for lubricating oil reaches its maximum. The large amount of lubricating oil flowing out from the first oil outlet 311 can carry away the large amount of heat generated between the first gear 1 and the shift fork 3 during the friction process, thereby reducing the temperature and preventing the first gear 1 and the shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal decay.

[0066] Immediately afterwards, the shift fork 3 continues to move along the direction from the second end 34 to the first end 33. At this time, the overlapping area of ​​the first oil inlet 312 and the first lubricating oil inlet 51 gradually decreases, and the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the first oil passage 31 from the lubricating oil pipe also gradually decreases. At this time, the shift fork 3 gradually engages with the first gear 1, and its lubricating oil demand also gradually decreases.

[0067] When the shift fork 3 is facing the first gear 1 and the shifting is complete, the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 no longer needs lubrication. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the example, the first oil inlet 312 moves to the side of the first lubricating oil inlet 51 away from the second lubricating oil inlet 61, so that the first oil inlet 312 is automatically closed and the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the first oil inlet 312 are not connected. As a result, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply system to the lubricating oil pipeline cannot enter the first oil passage 31 through the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the first oil inlet 312, which can reduce the oil supply pressure and avoid resource waste.

[0068] Similarly, when the shift fork 3 moves toward the first gear 1, it moves along the direction from the first end 33 to the second end 34, and the second oil inlet 322 moves closer to the second lubricating oil inlet 61. During the shifting process of the shift fork 3 toward the second gear 2, the second oil inlet 322 gradually overlaps with the second lubricating oil inlet 61, and a portion of the second oil inlet 322 connects with a portion of the second lubricating oil inlet 61, causing the second oil inlet 322 to open automatically and gradually. Thus, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply system to the lubricating oil pipeline can sequentially enter the second oil passage 32 through the connected second lubricating oil inlet 61 and the second oil inlet 322. Furthermore, with the movement of the shift fork 3, the overlapping area of ​​the second oil inlet 322 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61 gradually increases, and the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the second oil passage 32 from the lubricating oil pipeline also gradually increases.

[0069] During the shifting process of the shift fork 3 towards the second gear 2, when the second oil inlet 322 is opposite to the second lubricating oil inlet 61, the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the second oil passage 32 from the lubricating oil pipe reaches its maximum. At this time, the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 generates a large amount of heat due to intense friction, and its demand for lubricating oil reaches its maximum. The large amount of lubricating oil flowing out from the second oil outlet 321 can carry away the large amount of heat generated between the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3 during the friction process, thereby reducing the temperature and preventing the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal decay.

[0070] Immediately afterwards, the shift fork 3 continues to move along the direction from the first end 33 to the second end 34. At this time, the overlapping area of ​​the second oil inlet 322 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61 gradually decreases, and the flow rate of lubricating oil entering the second oil passage 32 from the lubricating oil pipe also gradually decreases. At this time, the shift fork 3 gradually engages with the second gear 2, and its lubricating oil demand also gradually decreases.

[0071] When the shift fork 3 finishes shifting towards the second gear 2, the side of the second gear 2 facing the second gear 2 no longer needs lubrication. At this time, the second oil inlet 322 moves to the side of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 away from the first lubricating oil inlet 51, so that the second oil inlet 322 automatically closes. The second lubricating oil inlet 61 and the second oil inlet 322 are not connected. As a result, the lubricating oil supplied by the lubricating oil supply system to the lubricating oil pipeline cannot enter the second oil passage 32 through the second lubricating oil inlet 61 and the second oil inlet 322, which can reduce the oil supply pressure and avoid resource waste.

[0072] In this application, the shift mechanism 100 can automatically control the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil based on the displacement of the shift fork 3 during the shifting process or at different shifting stages. Furthermore, it automatically adjusts the lubricating oil supply according to the different lubricating oil requirements of the first gear 1 or second gear 2 at different stages of the shifting process. This achieves precise control of the lubricating oil quantity in the shift mechanism 100 at each stage of the shifting process, thereby improving the lubrication effect, ensuring the shifting stability of the shift mechanism 100, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, the adjustment of lubricating oil flow can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve, significantly reducing the cost of the shift mechanism 100 while ensuring lubrication effectiveness.

[0073] In this application, from the moment the shift fork 3 does not shift towards first gear 1 or second gear 2 until the shift fork 3 finishes shifting, the stroke traveled by the shift fork 3 accounts for 25%-70% of the entire shifting stroke when the lubricating oil flow rate reaches its maximum. Throughout the shifting stroke, the flow rate of lubricating oil from the shift fork 3 to first gear 1 or second gear 2 gradually increases from zero, reaches its maximum, and then gradually decreases back to zero. Simultaneously, the lubricating oil demand of first gear 1 and second gear 2 also gradually increases from zero, reaches its maximum, and then gradually decreases back to zero.

[0074] When the shift fork 3 moves to 25%-70% of its total shift stroke, the heat generated by friction on the side of first gear 1 facing second gear 2 or the side of second gear 2 facing first gear 1 reaches its maximum. At this time, the flow rate of lubricating oil also reaches its maximum. Therefore, the shift mechanism 100 can actively provide a lubricating oil flow rate that matches the demand during shifting, which can ensure the cooling effect of lubricating oil on first gear 1 and second gear 2. There is no need to install components such as solenoid valves, thereby reducing costs.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the shape of the first oil inlet 312 is the same as that of the first lubricating oil inlet 51, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first oil inlet 312 is larger than that of the first lubricating oil inlet 51. The identical shape of the first oil inlet 312 and the first lubricating oil inlet 51 allows for proper fit and ensures connectivity between the lubricating oil pipeline 4 and the first oil passage 31. When the first oil inlet 312 and the first lubricating oil inlet 51 are opposite each other, the larger cross-sectional area of ​​the first oil inlet 312 ensures that almost all the lubricating oil flowing from the first lubricating oil inlet 51 flows into the first oil passage 31, preventing some of the lubricating oil flowing from the first lubricating oil inlet 51 from flowing between the first housing 5 and the shift fork 3, thus avoiding lubricating oil leakage.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the shape of the second oil inlet 322 is the same as that of the second lubricating oil inlet 61, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second oil inlet 322 is larger than that of the second lubricating oil inlet 61. The identical shape of the second oil inlet 322 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61 allows for proper fit and ensures the connection between the lubricating oil pipeline 4 and the second oil passage 32. When the second oil inlet 322 and the second lubricating oil inlet 61 are opposite each other, the larger cross-sectional area of ​​the second oil inlet 322 ensures that almost all the lubricating oil flowing out of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 flows into the second oil passage 32, preventing some of the lubricating oil flowing out of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 from flowing between the second housing 6 and the shift fork 3, thus avoiding lubricating oil leakage.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a first driving oil chamber 52 is formed between the side of the first end 33 away from the second end 34 and the first housing 5, and a second driving oil chamber 62 is formed between the side of the second end 34 away from the first end 33 and the second housing 6. The first driving oil chamber 52 and the second driving oil chamber 62 are adapted to be connected to a driving oil supply system. The driving oil supply system can supply driving oil to the first driving oil chamber 52 and the second driving oil chamber 62, which can provide driving force for the movement of the shift fork 3 in the first direction, thereby providing power for the shift fork 3 to shift towards the first gear 1 or the second gear 2. In addition, this application uses a pure hydraulic method to provide power for shifting and to achieve lubrication and cooling. The driving oil supply system and the lubrication oil supply system can be shared, which helps to reduce layout difficulty and cost.

[0078] Specifically, when the shift fork 3 shifts towards first gear 1, the drive oil supply system supplies drive oil to the second drive oil chamber 62. As the amount of oil in the second drive oil chamber 62 gradually increases, the drive oil in the second drive oil chamber 62 exerts pressure on the second end 34 of the shift fork 3, pushing the shift fork 3 to move in the direction from the second end 34 to the first end 33, thereby enabling the shift fork 3 to engage with first gear 1. When the shift fork 3 shifts towards second gear 2, the drive oil supply system supplies drive oil to the first drive oil chamber 52. As the amount of oil in the first drive oil chamber 52 gradually increases, the drive oil in the first drive oil chamber 52 exerts pressure on the first end 33 of the shift fork 3, pushing the shift fork 3 to move in the direction from the first end 33 to the second end 34, thereby enabling the shift fork 3 to engage with second gear 2.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the shifting mechanism 100 also includes a first self-locking structure 7 and a second self-locking structure 8. The first self-locking structure 7 is located at the first end 33 and is adapted to cooperate with the first housing 5, used to position the shift fork 3 after shifting to the first gear 1. The second self-locking structure 8 is located at the second end 34 and is adapted to cooperate with the second housing 6, used to position the shift fork 3 after shifting to the second gear 2. When the shift fork 3 finishes shifting to the first gear 1, the first self-locking structure 7 can be fixed to the first housing 5, preventing relative movement between the shift fork 3 and the first housing 5 in the first direction. When the shift fork 3 finishes shifting to the second gear 2, the second self-locking structure 8 can be fixed to the second housing 6, preventing relative movement between the shift fork 3 and the second housing 6 in the first direction. This prevents the shift fork 3 from moving in the first direction after shifting, ensuring the stability of the engagement between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1 or the second gear 2, thereby avoiding automatic shifting and disengaging, and enhancing the stability and reliability of the shifting mechanism.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the first housing 5 is provided with a first drive oil port 53 that is connected to the drive oil supply system. The first drive oil port 53 is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet 51 away from the second housing 6. The drive oil provided by the drive oil supply system can enter the first drive oil chamber 52 through the first drive oil port 53. Both the first drive oil port 53 and the first drive oil chamber 52 are located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet 51 away from the second housing 6, thereby ensuring the driving effect of the drive oil in the first drive oil chamber 52 on the shift fork 3.

[0081] Furthermore, the first end 33 is provided with a first mounting groove 35, and the side wall of the first mounting groove 35 is provided with a first connecting hole 351 that communicates with the first driving oil chamber 52. The first self-locking structure 7 is provided in the first mounting groove 35. After the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1 have finished shifting, the groove of the first mounting groove 35 is directly opposite the first driving oil port 53, and the first self-locking structure 7 is adapted to extend into the first driving oil port 53.

[0082] Understandably, during the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1, the first self-locking structure 7 is located within the first mounting groove 35, ensuring that the shift fork 3 can move in the first direction to achieve shifting. After the shifting is completed, the first self-locking structure 7 extends into the first drive port 53 within the first mounting groove 35. At this time, the first drive port 53 can position and limit the first self-locking structure 7, preventing the shift fork 3 and the first housing 5 from moving relative to each other in the first direction. The structure is simple and easy to implement, ensuring the stability of the engagement between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1, thereby preventing automatic shifting and disengaging of the gear shifting mechanism, and thus enhancing the stability and reliability of the gear shifting mechanism.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the first self-locking structure 7 includes a first self-locking pin 71 and a first elastic member 72. The first self-locking pin 71 is movable along the depth direction of the first mounting groove 35. The first elastic member 72 is disposed in the first mounting groove 35 and located between the first self-locking pin 71 and the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 35, and is used to drive the first self-locking pin 71 to move toward the first driving oil port 53.

[0084] Understandably, during the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1, the first self-locking pin 71 and the first elastic element 72 are located in the first mounting groove 35, the first elastic element 72 is in a compressed state, and the end of the first self-locking pin 71 that is away from the first elastic element 72 abuts against the inner wall of the first housing 5, which can ensure that the shift fork 3 moves in the first direction to achieve shifting.

[0085] After the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1 have shifted, the opening of the first mounting groove 35 is aligned with the first drive port 53. The first elastic element 72 extends and is in a compressed state. The first elastic element 72 pushes the first self-locking pin 71 toward the first drive port 53, so that at least a portion of the first self-locking pin 71 extends into the first drive port 53. At this time, the first drive port 53 can position and limit the first self-locking pin 71, preventing the shift fork 3 and the first housing 5 from moving relative to each other in the first direction. The structure is simple and easy to implement, and can achieve automatic positioning and locking of the shift fork 3. It can ensure the stability of the engagement between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of automatic gear engagement and disengagement of the shifting mechanism, and thus enhancing the stability and reliability of the shifting mechanism. Moreover, there is no need to introduce a control device for locking the shift fork 3, which reduces the number of parts and helps to reduce layout difficulty and cost.

[0086] In this application, when the shift fork 3 shifts from first gear 1 to neutral, the driving oil supplied by the driving oil supply system can exert a thrust on the first self-locking pin 71 at the first driving oil port 53. The first self-locking pin 71 then exerts pressure on the first elastic member 72, causing the first elastic member 72 to shorten and the first self-locking pin 71 to move toward the first elastic member 72. When the first self-locking pin 71 has completely moved into the first mounting groove 35 and continues to move toward the first elastic member 72, the first connecting hole 351 communicates with the first driving oil port 53. At this time, driving oil can enter the first driving oil chamber 52 from the first connecting hole 351, thereby providing driving force for the movement of the shift fork 3 in the first direction, thus providing power for the shift fork 3 to shift from first gear 1 to neutral. As a result, the shift mechanism 100 can automatically unlock the positioning of the shift fork 3 without the need for a control device for unlocking the shift fork 3, reducing the number of parts and helping to reduce layout difficulty and cost.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the second housing 6 is provided with a second drive oil port 63 that is connected to the drive oil supply system. The second drive oil port 63 is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 away from the first housing 5. The drive oil supplied by the drive oil supply system can enter the second drive oil chamber 62 through the second drive oil port 63. Both the second drive oil port 63 and the second drive oil chamber 62 are located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 away from the first housing 5, thereby ensuring the driving effect of the drive oil in the second drive oil chamber 62 on the shift fork 3.

[0088] Furthermore, the second end 34 is provided with a second mounting groove 36, and the side wall of the second mounting groove 36 is provided with a second connecting hole 361 that communicates with the second driving oil chamber 62. The second self-locking structure 8 is provided in the second mounting groove 36. After the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2 have finished shifting, the groove of the second mounting groove 36 is directly opposite the second driving oil port 63, and the second self-locking structure 8 is adapted to extend into the second driving oil port 63.

[0089] Understandably, during the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2, the second self-locking structure 8 is located within the second mounting groove 36, ensuring that the shift fork 3 can move in the first direction to achieve shifting. After the shifting is completed, the second self-locking structure 8 in the second mounting groove 36 extends into the second drive port 63. At this time, the second drive port 63 can position and limit the second self-locking structure 8, preventing the shift fork 3 and the second housing 6 from moving relative to each other in the first direction. The structure is simple and easy to implement, ensuring the stability of the engagement between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2, thereby preventing automatic shifting and disengaging of the gear shifting mechanism, and thus enhancing the stability and reliability of the gear shifting mechanism.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the second self-locking structure 8 includes a second self-locking pin 81 and a second elastic member 82. The second self-locking pin 81 is movable along the depth direction of the second mounting groove 36. The second elastic member 82 is disposed in the second mounting groove 36 and located between the second self-locking pin 81 and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 36, and is used to drive the second self-locking pin 81 to move toward the second driving oil port 63.

[0091] It is understandable that during the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2, the second self-locking pin 81 and the second elastic member 82 are located in the second mounting groove 36, the second elastic member 82 is in a compressed state, and the end of the second self-locking pin 81 that is away from the second elastic member 82 abuts against the inner wall of the second housing 6, which can ensure that the shift fork 3 moves in the first direction to achieve shifting.

[0092] After the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2 have shifted, the opening of the second mounting groove 36 is aligned with the second drive port 63. The second elastic element 82 extends and is in a compressed state. The second elastic element 82 pushes the second self-locking pin 81 toward the second drive port 63, so that at least a portion of the second self-locking pin 81 extends into the second drive port 63. At this time, the second drive port 63 can position and limit the second self-locking pin 81, preventing the shift fork 3 and the second housing 6 from moving relative to each other in the first direction. The structure is simple and easy to implement, and can achieve automatic positioning and locking of the shift fork 3, ensuring the stability of the engagement between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2. This avoids the phenomenon of automatic gear engagement and disengagement in the shifting mechanism, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the shifting mechanism. Moreover, there is no need to introduce a control device for locking the shift fork 3, which reduces the number of parts and helps to reduce layout difficulty and cost.

[0093] In this application, when the shift fork 3 shifts from second gear 2 to neutral, the driving oil supplied by the driving oil supply system can generate a thrust on the second self-locking pin 81 at the second driving oil port 63. The second self-locking pin 81 then exerts pressure on the second elastic member 82, causing the second elastic member 82 to shorten and the second self-locking pin 81 to move toward the second elastic member 82. When the second self-locking pin 81 has completely moved into the second mounting groove 36 and continues to move toward the second elastic member 82, the second connecting hole 361 communicates with the second driving oil port 63. At this time, driving oil can enter the second driving oil chamber 62 from the second connecting hole 361, thereby providing driving force for the movement of the shift fork 3 in the first direction, thus providing power for the shift fork 3 to shift from second gear 2 to neutral. As a result, the shift mechanism 100 can automatically unlock the positioning of the shift fork 3 without the need for a control device for unlocking the shift fork 3, reducing the number of parts and helping to reduce layout difficulty and cost.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a first sealing ring 54 is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the first housing 5 and the outer peripheral wall of the first end 33. The first sealing ring 54 is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet 51 closer to the second housing 6. The first sealing ring 54 achieves an interference fit between the inner peripheral wall of the first housing 5 and the outer peripheral wall of the first end 33, which can prevent the leakage of a small amount of lubricating oil entering between the inner peripheral wall of the first housing 5 and the outer peripheral wall of the first end 33 from the first lubricating oil inlet 51, thereby ensuring the airtightness and stability of the shifting mechanism 100.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, a second sealing ring 64 is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the second housing 6 and the outer peripheral wall of the second end 34. The second sealing ring 64 is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet 61 facing the first housing 5. The second sealing ring 64 achieves an interference fit between the inner peripheral wall of the second housing 6 and the outer peripheral wall of the second end 34, which can prevent the leakage of a small amount of lubricating oil entering between the inner peripheral wall of the second housing 6 and the outer peripheral wall of the second end 34 from the second lubricating oil inlet 61, thereby ensuring the airtightness and stability of the shifting mechanism 100.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the shift fork 3 includes a fork body 37 and a fork angle 38. The fork body 37 extends along a first direction. One end of the fork angle 38 is connected to the fork body 37 and is located between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2. The shifting mechanism 100 also includes a synchronizer 9. The synchronizer 9 includes a synchronizer sleeve 91. The synchronizer sleeve 91 is connected to the other end of the fork angle 38 and is adapted to cooperate with the first gear 1 or the second gear 2.

[0097] It is understandable that the shift fork 3 engages with either the first gear 1 or the second gear 2 via a synchronizer 9. The synchronizer 9 also includes a first synchronizer ring 92 that engages with a synchronizer sleeve 91. The first gear 1 has a first engagement tooth 11 on its side facing the second gear 2. Both the first engagement tooth 11 and the first synchronizer ring 92 have mutually matching friction cone surfaces. When the shift fork 3 shifts towards the first gear 1, the shift fork 3 drives the synchronizer sleeve 91 to move from the second end 34 to the first end 33. The synchronizer sleeve 91 drives the first synchronizer ring 92 to move from the second end 34 to the first end 33, causing the friction cone surfaces of the first engagement tooth 11 and the first synchronizer ring 92 to come into contact and form friction. This ultimately synchronizes the rotational speeds of the first engagement tooth 11 and the first synchronizer ring 92, allowing the synchronizer sleeve 91 to continue moving smoothly in the first direction and meshing with the first engagement tooth 11, thus completing the shifting of the shift fork 3 towards the first gear 1. The structure is simple and reasonably arranged, ensuring the operational stability of the shifting mechanism 100.

[0098] Similarly, the synchronizer 9 also includes a second synchronizer ring 93 that engages with the synchronizer sleeve 91. The second gear 2 has a second engagement tooth 21 on the side facing the first gear 1. Both the second engagement tooth 21 and the second synchronizer ring 93 have mutually matching friction cone surfaces. When the shift fork 3 shifts towards the second gear 2, the shift fork 3 drives the synchronizer sleeve 91 to move from the first end 33 to the second end 34. The synchronizer sleeve 91 drives the second synchronizer ring 93 to move from the first end 33 to the second end 34, causing the friction cone surfaces of the second engagement tooth 21 and the second synchronizer ring 93 to come into contact and form friction. This ultimately synchronizes the rotational speeds of the second engagement tooth 21 and the second synchronizer ring 93, allowing the synchronizer sleeve 91 to continue moving smoothly in the first direction and meshing with the second engagement tooth 21, thus completing the shifting of the shift fork 3 towards the second gear 2. The structure is simple and rationally arranged, ensuring the operational stability of the shifting mechanism 100.

[0099] Furthermore, the first oil passage 31 and the second oil passage 32 are both provided on the fork body 37. The first oil outlet 311 is provided near the fork corner 38 and is located on the side of the fork corner 38 facing the first gear 1. The second oil outlet 321 is provided near the fork corner 38 and is located on the side of the fork corner 38 facing the second gear 2.

[0100] During gear shifting, a significant amount of heat is generated primarily when the friction cone surfaces of the first engaging gear 11 and the first synchronizer ring 92 come into contact and rub against each other, as well as when the friction cone surfaces of the second engaging gear 21 and the second synchronizer ring 93 come into contact and rub against each other. The lubricating oil in the first oil passage 31 flows out from the first oil outlet 311 and drips onto the synchronizer 9 and the first gear 1 located on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the first gear 1. Similarly, the lubricating oil in the second oil passage 32 flows out from the second oil outlet 321 and drips onto the synchronizer 9 and the second gear 2 located on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the second gear 2. This allows the lubricating oil to drip onto the necessary components for targeted lubrication and cooling, while preventing the lubricating oil from being blocked by the synchronizer sleeve 91 or the shift fork 3, thus avoiding poor lubrication.

[0101] In some embodiments, when the shift fork 3 is shifting towards the first gear 1, as the shift fork 3 moves from the second end 34 to the first end 33, the interface between the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the first oil inlet 312 gradually increases, and the lubricating oil flow rate gradually increases. At the stage where lubrication is most needed, i.e., when the friction cone surfaces of the first engaging tooth 11 and the first synchronizing ring 92 come into contact and generate a large amount of heat through friction, the amount of lubricating oil flowing out of the first oil outlet 311 reaches its maximum. As the shift fork 3 continues to move from the second end 34 to the first end 33, the synchronization process gradually reaches the stage where the synchronizing sleeve 91 engages with the first engaging tooth 11 and the stage where the shift fork 3 terminates its sliding. The interface between the first lubricating oil inlet 51 and the first oil inlet 312 gradually shrinks, and the amount of lubricating oil decreases. When the gear is engaged, the synchronizer 9 and the first gear 1 no longer require lubrication, and the shift fork 3 reaches its maximum. Figure 6 The first oil inlet 312 automatically closes and stops supplying oil, thus ceasing lubrication of the synchronizer 9 and the first gear 1. Simultaneously, the second oil inlet 322 remains closed, thereby achieving targeted lubrication of the parts requiring lubrication.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the first oil passage 31 is located on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the first gear 1 and extends along the length of the fork body 37. This allows the first oil inlet 312 and the first oil outlet 311 to be located at opposite ends of the first oil passage 31 in the first direction, which is beneficial for lubricating oil to enter and exit the first oil passage 31. It also facilitates the placement of the first oil outlet 311 near the fork angle 38 and on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the first gear 1, and facilitates the automatic opening and closing of the first oil inlet 312, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect. The structural design is reasonable.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the second oil passage 32 is located on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the second gear 2 and extends along the length of the fork body 37. This allows the second oil inlet 322 and the second oil outlet 321 to be located at opposite ends of the second oil passage 32 in the first direction, which facilitates the entry and exit of lubricating oil into and out of the second oil passage 32. It also makes it easier for the second oil outlet 321 to be located near the fork angle 38 and on the side of the fork angle 38 facing the first gear 1, and facilitates the automatic opening and closing of the second oil inlet 322, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect. The structural design is reasonable.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4, Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, there are one or more first oil outlets 311. The number of first oil outlets 311 can be adjusted according to the actual lubricating oil demand in a specific embodiment, thereby achieving precise control of the lubricating oil flow during gear shifting and thus better ensuring lubrication. Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 In the specific embodiment shown, there are two first oil outlets 311. Of course, there can also be one, three or four first oil outlets 311, etc. This application does not make a specific limitation on this.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, there are one or more second oil outlets 321. The number of second oil outlets 321 can be adjusted according to the actual lubricating oil demand in a specific embodiment, thereby achieving precise control of the lubricating oil flow during gear shifting and thus better ensuring lubrication. Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 In the specific embodiment shown, there are two second oil outlets 321. Of course, there can also be one, three or four second oil outlets 321, etc. This application does not make a specific limitation on this.

[0106] The transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the shifting mechanism 100 described above.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the transmission of the present invention, a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32 are provided in a shift fork 3 movable in a first direction. The first oil outlet 311 of the first oil passage 31 is used to supply oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2, and the second oil outlet 321 of the second oil passage 32 is used to supply oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. At the same time, the first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 and the second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 can automatically open during gear shifting and automatically close before and after gear shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated by the friction between the first gear 1, the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism 100 from failing due to thermal decay, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100 and the transmission. Moreover, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the participation of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve. While ensuring lubrication effect, the cost of the shifting mechanism 100 can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the transmission.

[0108] An electric powertrain according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the aforementioned transmission.

[0109] According to the electric powertrain of the present invention, a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32 are provided in the shift fork 3 movable in a first direction. The first oil outlet 311 of the first oil passage 31 is used to supply oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2, and the second oil outlet 321 of the second oil passage 32 is used to supply oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. At the same time, the first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 and the second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 can be automatically opened during the shifting process and automatically closed before and after the shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated by the friction between the first gear 1, the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism 100 from failing due to thermal decay, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100 and the transmission, and further extending the service life of the electric powertrain. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the participation of any control mechanism such as solenoid valves. While ensuring the lubrication effect, it can greatly save the cost of the shift mechanism 100 and the transmission, thereby reducing the cost of the electric powertrain.

[0110] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0111] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the electric powertrain described above.

[0112] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the shifting mechanism 100 includes a first gear 1, a second gear 2, and a shift fork 3. The first gear 1 and the second gear 2 are spaced apart along a first direction, and the shift fork 3 is movable along the first direction for engaging with either the first gear 1 or the second gear 2. The shift fork 3 is adapted to connect with the vehicle's gearshift lever. When the driver operates the gearshift lever, the lever drives the shift fork 3 to move in the first direction, causing the shift fork 3 to move towards the first gear 1 or the second gear 2, thereby engaging with the first gear 1 or the second gear 2 to achieve gear shifting and ultimately realize the function of changing gears.

[0113] The shift fork 3 has a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32. The first oil outlet 311 of the first oil passage 31 supplies oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2, and the second oil outlet 321 of the second oil passage 32 supplies oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. The first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 automatically opens during shifting to the first gear 1 and automatically closes before shifting to the first gear 1 and after shifting. The second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 automatically opens during shifting to the second gear 2 and automatically closes before shifting to the second gear 2 and after shifting.

[0114] It is understandable that the first oil passage 31 and the second oil passage 32 are used for the flow of lubricating oil. In the first direction, the first oil inlet 312 and the first oil outlet 311 can be located at both ends of the first oil passage 31, and the second oil inlet 322 and the second oil outlet 321 can be located at both ends of the second oil passage 32.

[0115] When the shift fork 3 moves toward and engages with the first gear 1 to achieve gear shifting, the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 experiences intense friction and generates a large amount of heat. At this time, the first oil inlet 312 automatically opens, and the first oil passage 31 connects to the lubricating oil supply system. Lubricating oil can enter the first oil passage 31 from the first oil inlet 312, flow through the first oil passage 31, and then flow out from the first oil outlet 311, flowing toward the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2. Thus, the flowing lubricating oil can carry away the heat generated during the friction between the first gear 1 and the shift fork 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2 and preventing the first gear 1 and shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal degradation. It can also reduce the wear of components such as the first gear 1, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100. When the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the first gear 1 ends, the first oil inlet 312 automatically closes, reducing the oil supply pressure and avoiding resource waste.

[0116] Similarly, when the shift fork 3 moves toward the second gear 2 and engages with it to shift gears, the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 experiences intense friction and generates a large amount of heat. At this time, the second oil inlet 322 automatically opens, and the second oil passage 32 connects to the lubricating oil supply system. Lubricating oil can enter the second oil passage 32 from the second oil inlet 322, flow through the second oil passage 32, and then flow out from the second oil outlet 321, flowing toward the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. Thus, the flowing lubricating oil can carry away the heat generated during the friction between the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1 and preventing the second gear 2 and the shift fork 3 from failing due to thermal degradation. It can also reduce the wear of components such as the second gear 2, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100. When the shifting process between the shift fork 3 and the second gear 2 ends, the second oil inlet 322 automatically closes, reducing the oil supply pressure and avoiding resource waste.

[0117] When the shift fork 3 moves along the first direction, the first oil inlet 312 and the second oil inlet 322 can automatically open during the shifting process and automatically close before and after the shifting. The flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the participation of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve. While ensuring the lubrication effect, the cost of the shifting mechanism 100 can be greatly reduced.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle is equipped with a first oil passage 31 and a second oil passage 32 within a shift fork 3 movable in a first direction. The first oil outlet 311 of the first oil passage 31 supplies oil to the side of the first gear 1 facing the second gear 2, and the second oil outlet 321 of the second oil passage 32 supplies oil to the side of the second gear 2 facing the first gear 1. Simultaneously, the first oil inlet 312 of the first oil passage 31 and the second oil inlet 322 of the second oil passage 32 can automatically open during gear shifting and automatically close before and after shifting. This allows the lubricating oil to carry away the heat generated during friction between the first gear 1, the second gear 2, and the shift fork 3, ensuring lubrication and cooling effects, preventing the shifting mechanism 100 from failing due to thermal degradation, and reducing wear between components, thereby extending the service life of the shifting mechanism 100 and the electric assembly. Furthermore, the flow and disconnection of lubricating oil can be achieved without the intervention of any control mechanism such as a solenoid valve. While ensuring lubrication, this significantly reduces the cost of the shifting mechanism 100 and the electric assembly, thereby lowering the overall vehicle cost.

[0119] Other components of the shifting mechanism 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, such as synchronizer 9, are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0120] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0121] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gear shifting mechanism, characterized in that, include: A first gear and a second gear, wherein the first gear and the second gear are spaced apart along a first direction; A shift fork, movable along the first direction, is used to engage with either the first gear or the second gear. The shift fork has a first oil passage and a second oil passage. A first outlet of the first oil passage supplies oil to the side of the first gear facing the second gear, and a second outlet of the second oil passage supplies oil to the side of the second gear facing the first gear. The first oil inlet of the first oil passage automatically opens during the shifting process to the first gear, and automatically closes before shifting to the first gear and after the shifting is completed; The second oil inlet of the second oil passage automatically opens during the shifting process to the second gear, and automatically closes before and after the shift. The shift fork has a first end and a second end at its two ends along the first direction, and the shifting mechanism further includes: Lubricating oil lines are used to connect to the lubricating oil supply system; The first housing has a first lubricating oil inlet on its inner wall connected to the lubricating oil pipeline. The first end of the shift fork extends into the first housing and is movable along the first direction. The first oil inlet is located inside the first housing and faces the first lubricating oil inlet. The second housing is spaced apart from the first housing along the first direction. The inner wall of the second housing has a second lubricating oil inlet connected to the lubricating oil pipeline. The second end of the shift fork extends into the second housing and is movable along the first direction. The second oil inlet is located in the second housing and faces the second lubricating oil inlet. Along the first direction, when the shift fork is not shifting towards the first gear and the second gear, the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet are located between the first lubricating oil inlet and the second lubricating oil inlet. After the shift fork shifts with the first gear, the first oil inlet is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet away from the second lubricating oil inlet. After the shift fork shifts with the second gear, the second oil inlet is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet away from the first lubricating oil inlet.

2. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the first oil inlet is the same as that of the first lubricating oil inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first oil inlet is larger than that of the first lubricating oil inlet. And / or, the shape of the second oil inlet is the same as the shape of the second lubricating oil inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second oil inlet is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second lubricating oil inlet.

3. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first driving oil chamber is formed between the side of the first end away from the second end and the first housing, and a second driving oil chamber is formed between the side of the second end away from the first end and the second housing. The first driving oil chamber and the second driving oil chamber are adapted to be connected to a driving oil supply system.

4. The shifting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A first self-locking structure is disposed at the first end and adapted to cooperate with the first housing, for positioning the shift fork after the shift fork has shifted to the first gear; The second self-locking structure is located at the second end and is adapted to cooperate with the second housing, and is used to position the shift fork after the shift fork has shifted to the second gear.

5. The shifting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first housing is provided with a first drive oil port that communicates with the drive oil supply system. The first drive oil port is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet that is away from the second housing. The first end is provided with a first mounting groove, and the side wall of the first mounting groove is provided with a first connecting hole that communicates with the first driving oil chamber. The first self-locking structure is provided in the first mounting groove. After the shift fork and the first gear are shifted, the opening of the first mounting groove is directly opposite the first driving oil port, and the first self-locking structure is adapted to extend into the first driving oil port.

6. The shifting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first self-locking structure includes: The first self-locking pin is movable along the depth direction of the first mounting groove; A first elastic element is disposed in the first mounting groove and located between the first self-locking pin and the bottom wall of the first mounting groove, for driving the first self-locking pin to move toward the first driving oil port.

7. The shifting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second housing is provided with a second drive oil port that communicates with the drive oil supply system. The second drive oil port is located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet opposite to the first housing. The second end is provided with a second mounting groove, and the side wall of the second mounting groove is provided with a second connecting hole that communicates with the second driving oil chamber. The second self-locking structure is provided in the second mounting groove. After the shift fork and the second gear are shifted, the opening of the second mounting groove is directly opposite the second driving oil port, and the second self-locking structure is adapted to extend into the second driving oil port.

8. The shifting mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second self-locking structure includes: The second self-locking pin is movable along the depth direction of the second mounting groove; The second elastic element is disposed in the second mounting groove and located between the second self-locking pin and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove, and is used to drive the second self-locking pin to move toward the second driving oil port.

9. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the first housing and the outer peripheral wall of the first end, and the first sealing ring is located on the side of the first lubricating oil inlet facing the second housing. And / or, a second sealing ring is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the second housing and the outer peripheral wall of the second end, the second sealing ring being located on the side of the second lubricating oil inlet facing the first housing.

10. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shift fork includes a fork body and a fork angle. The fork body extends along the first direction, and one end of the fork angle is connected to the fork body and located between the first gear and the second gear. The shifting mechanism further includes a synchronizer, which includes a synchronizer sleeve. The synchronizer sleeve is connected to the other end of the fork and is adapted to cooperate with the first gear or the second gear. Both the first oil passage and the second oil passage are provided on the fork body. The first oil outlet is located near the fork corner and on the side of the fork corner facing the first gear. The second oil outlet is located near the fork corner and on the side of the fork corner facing the second gear.

11. The shifting mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first oil passage is located on the side of the fork angle facing the first gear and extends along the length of the fork body; And / or, the second oil passage is located on the side of the fork angle facing the second gear and extends along the length direction of the fork body; And / or, the first oil outlet is one or more; And / or, the second oil outlet is one or more.

12. A transmission, characterized in that, Includes the shifting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. An electric powertrain, characterized in that, Including the transmission according to claim 12.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the electric powertrain according to claim 13.

Images