Shield tunneling machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a shield tunneling machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and a test method.The shield tunneling machine main bearing damage simulation test bench comprises a driving device, a main bearing fixing seat, a loading disc, a loading device, a data acquisition device and a base, and the driving device is connected with one end of a to-be-tested main bearing; the other end of the to-be-tested main bearing is connected with the first side surface of the loading disc; the loading device is arranged at the periphery of the loading disc and is used for applying a load to the loading disc; the data acquisition device is used for acquiring test data of the to-be-tested main bearing in a test process; and the driving device, the main bearing fixing seat and the loading device are connected with the base. According to the technical scheme of the invention, rotating speeds and loads corresponding to different working conditions can be applied to the to-be-tested main bearing, so that the damage of the main bearing of the shield tunneling machine under different working conditions can be simulated and tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machine main bearings, and in particular to a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and test method. Background Art

[0002] In the related technologies, once the shield main bearing is damaged during the construction process, causing the shield machine to shut down, it will delay the project progress and cause huge economic losses and negative impacts. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the shield machine, it is necessary to conduct a simulation test on the shield main bearing damage to explore the vibration signal characteristics of the shield main bearing under different working conditions and the mapping relationship between the vibration signal characteristics and the damage form. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application proposes a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench, comprising: a driving device, a main bearing fixing seat, a loading plate, a loading device, a data acquisition device and a base, wherein the driving device is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested; the other end of the main bearing to be tested is connected to the first side surface of the loading plate; the loading device is arranged around the loading plate, for applying a load to the loading plate; the data acquisition device is used to collect test data of the main bearing to be tested during the test; the driving device, the main bearing fixing seat and the loading device are connected to the base.

[0005] In one implementation, the driving device includes: a motor, a reducer, a coupling and a transmission box, wherein the motor is connected to one end of the reducer; the other end of the reducer is connected to one end of the coupling; the other end of the coupling is connected to one end of the transmission box; and the other end of the transmission box is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested.

[0006] In one implementation, the loading device includes an axial loading device, a first overturning moment loading device, a second overturning moment loading device and a radial loading device, wherein the axial loading device is arranged at the center position of the second side surface of the loading disk, and the axial loading device is in contact with the center position of the second side surface; the first overturning moment loading device is arranged at the edge position of the second side surface of the loading disk, and the first overturning moment loading device is in contact with the edge of the second side surface; the second overturning moment loading device is arranged at the edge position of the first side surface of the loading disk, and the second overturning moment loading device is in contact with the edge of the first side surface; the first overturning moment loading device and the second overturning moment loading device are at different ends of the same axis of the loading disk; and the radial loading device is arranged at the top position of the loading disk.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the loading device further includes a hollow transmission gear, the transmission shaft of the transmission box is connected to the inner wall of the transmission gear, and the outer surface of the transmission gear is connected to the main bearing to be tested.

[0008] In one implementation, the data acquisition device includes at least one of the following: a vibration data acquisition device; a temperature data acquisition device; a sound data acquisition device.

[0009] In the second aspect, the present application proposes a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test method, which is implemented based on the test bench as described in the first aspect, and the method includes: determining the test speed and test load corresponding to the main bearing to be tested under different working conditions; starting the driving device to drive the main bearing to be tested and the loading disk to reach the test speed; controlling the loading device to apply the test load to the loading disk; and acquiring the test data of the bearing to be tested based on the data acquisition device.

[0010] In one implementation, the test load includes at least one of the following: an axial load; a first overturning moment load; a second overturning moment load; wherein the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located at two ends of the same axis of the loading disk, and the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located on both sides of the loading disk; a radial load.

[0011] In one implementation, the test data includes at least one of the following: vibration data; temperature data; sound data.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions, which, when executed, enables the method described in the second aspect to be implemented.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present application proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and test method as described in the second aspect.

[0014] The shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and test method provided in the present application can apply rotation speeds and loads corresponding to different working conditions to the main bearing to be tested, thereby performing simulation tests on the shield machine main bearing damage under different working conditions.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a main bearing fixing seat and a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4A It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a transmission box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a transmission box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a coupling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a main drive shaft provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 8A It is a force diagram of a normal working condition of a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8B It is a force diagram of a maximum load condition of a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0028] The following describes a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench and test method according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1As shown, the test bench includes: a driving device 101, a main bearing fixing seat 102, a loading disk 103, a loading device 104 and a data acquisition device 105, wherein the driving device 101 is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested; the other end of the main bearing to be tested is connected to the first side surface of the loading disk 103; the loading device 104 is arranged around the loading disk, and is used to apply a load to the loading disk; the data acquisition device 105 is used to collect test data of the main bearing to be tested during the test.

[0030] It is understandable that due to the large size of the main bearing structure actually used in the shield machine, if a physical design test bench is used, the test bench will be too large and the test model may not be able to be established. Therefore, for the design parameters of the shield main bearing damage simulation test bench, it is necessary to clarify the scaling coefficients of various physical quantities based on the similarity theorem according to the scaling criteria of the shield main bearing damage simulation test bench. The test bench parameter scaling criteria may include but are not limited to the following: the main bearing to be tested used in the test bench is proportional to the size parameters of the main bearing in the prototype; the speed of the loading plate of the test bench is consistent with that of the prototype; the driving form of the test bench is consistent with that of the prototype, and the output speed of the kinematic pair formed by the driving pinion and the large gear ring is the same as that of the prototype; the load borne by the main bearing to be tested on the test bench is proportional to the load borne by the main bearing of the prototype.

[0031] In some embodiments, the loading device includes an axial loading device 1041, a first overturning moment loading device 1042, a second overturning moment loading device 1043 and a radial loading device 1044, wherein the axial loading device 1041 is arranged at the center position of the second side surface of the loading disk 103, and the axial loading device 1041 contacts the center position of the second side surface; the first overturning moment loading device 1042 is arranged at the edge position of the second side surface of the loading disk 103, and the first overturning moment loading device 1042 contacts the edge of the second side surface; the second overturning moment loading device 1043 is arranged at the edge position of the first side surface of the loading disk 103, and the second overturning moment loading device 1043 contacts the edge of the first side surface; the first overturning moment loading device 1042 and the second overturning moment loading device 1043 are arranged at different ends of the same axis of the loading disk; the radial loading device 1044 is arranged at the top position of the loading disk.

[0032] As an example, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a main bearing fixing seat and a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a driving device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned driving device includes a motor 301, a reducer 302, a coupling 303 and a transmission box 304, wherein the motor 301 is connected to one end of the reducer 302; the other end of the reducer 302 is connected to one end of the coupling 303; the other end of the coupling 303 is connected to one end of the transmission box 304; and the other end of the transmission box 304 is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested.

[0034] In some embodiments, the main bearing to be tested is an internal gear type three-row roller slewing bearing, and the loading device further includes a hollow transmission gear 305. The transmission shaft of the transmission box 304 is connected to the inner wall of the transmission gear 305, and the outer surface of the transmission gear 305 is connected to the main bearing to be tested. During the test, after the output torque of the motor is increased by the reducer, the driving gear is meshed with the inner gear ring of the main bearing to be tested to realize the rotation of the loading plate.

[0035] In some embodiments, the driving device is connected to the base of the test bench via the driving support base 306 .

[0036] It should be noted that in the experimental conditions, the main bearing to be tested needs to withstand axial force, radial force, and overturning moment at the same time. The stiffness of its inner and outer rings, the structural dimensions of the rolling elements, and the machining accuracy of the raceway will affect the force of the rolling elements. When using theoretical calculations to calculate the force of the main bearing to be tested, reasonable simplifications and assumptions can be made based on the following conditions: the inner and outer rings of the main bearing to be tested are connected to the mounting flange of the loading plate and the mounting back plate of the fixed seat by bolts, respectively. It can be considered that the structural stiffness is relatively large and there is no relative deformation between the main bearing to be tested; the geometric dimensions of the rolling elements are exactly the same; the raceway machining meets the ideal requirements; the pressure generated by the rolling elements on the raceway under the action of load is continuously distributed.

[0037] Since the raceway diameters of the rollers parallel to the axis and the rollers perpendicular to the axis of the three-row roller slewing bearing are different, the friction resistance torque caused by the vertical force and the horizontal force must be calculated separately. According to the analysis of the maximum load condition simulated by the test bench, when the pressure bearing directions of all rollers of the three-row roller slewing bearing are inconsistent, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Where: Fa is the axial load, Fr is the radial load, T is the overturning moment, K is the rolling element shape factor, D1 is the average diameter of the horizontal roller raceway, D2 is the average diameter of the vertical roller raceway, ω is the rotational resistance coefficient.

[0040] When conducting the main bearing simulation test, the test bench needs to simulate the normal working condition and the maximum load condition, and the main drive shaft must withstand the torque under different working conditions. As an example, see Figure 4A and Figure 4B , Figure 4A It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a transmission box provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4B Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a transmission box provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4A As shown, in order to ensure smooth and reliable spindle drive, the transmission box is triangular as a whole to improve stability.

[0041] Among them, in the embodiments of the present application, the normal operating condition of the main bearing of the shield machine refers to its operating condition under the design parameters and expected use conditions.

[0042] In some embodiments, the material of the transmission case is Q234 steel.

[0043] In some embodiments, considering that the vibration generated by the motor during operation may affect the experimental results, the input end of the main drive shaft is connected to the reducer using a plum blossom-type elastic coupling. As an example, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a coupling provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 The coupling shown is a three-petal type, and an intermediate section is added to reduce the transmission of motor vibration.

[0044] In some embodiments, single row tapered roller bearings may be mounted in pairs on the main drive shaft to provide support for the main drive shaft. As an example, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a main drive shaft provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, external threads are machined at EF, and the axial positioning of the tapered roller is achieved through round nuts and axial sleeves. The axial positioning of the driving gear is achieved through the shaft shoulder and axial end cover.

[0045] In some embodiments, the data acquisition device includes at least one of the following: a vibration data acquisition device; a temperature data acquisition device; a sound data acquisition device; a rotation speed data acquisition device.

[0046] By using the device of the embodiment of the present application, the rotation speed and load corresponding to different working conditions can be applied to the main bearing to be tested, thereby performing a simulation test on the damage of the main bearing of the shield machine under different working conditions.

[0047] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 : is a schematic flow chart of a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to a shield machine main bearing damage simulation test device provided in any embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the method may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0048] Step S701: Determine the test speed and test load corresponding to the main bearing to be tested.

[0049] Exemplarily, the test rotation speed and test load corresponding to the main bearing under different test conditions are determined and estimated.

[0050] Among them, the above test conditions include maximum load conditions and normal conditions.

[0051] As an example, see Fig. 8A and Figure 8B , Fig. 8A It is a force diagram of a normal working condition of a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8B is a force diagram of a maximum load condition of a main bearing to be tested provided in an embodiment of the present application. Where G1 is the deadweight of the loading plate, F a is the axial force, F a1 is the first eccentric axial force, F a2 is the second eccentric axial force, and F3 is the eccentric radial force.

[0052] Step S702: Control the driving device to drive the main bearing to be tested to reach a test speed.

[0053] Exemplarily, the driving device drives the main bearing to be tested to rotate so that the rotation speed of the main bearing to be tested reaches a test rotation speed.

[0054] Step S703: controlling the loading device to apply a test load to the loading plate.

[0055] For example, when the cutter disc reaches the required test rotation speed, the loading device is controlled to apply the test load to simulate the operating condition of the shield main bearing.

[0056] Wherein, the above-mentioned test load includes at least one of the following: axial load; first overturning moment load; second overturning moment load; wherein, the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located at two ends of the same axis of the loading disk, and the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located on both sides of the loading disk; radial load.

[0057] Step S704: Acquire test data of the bearing to be tested based on the data acquisition device.

[0058] Exemplarily, after applying the test rotation speed and the test load to the loading disk, the test data of the bearing to be tested is collected based on a preset plurality of data collection devices.

[0059] By implementing the embodiment of the present application, the shield machine main bearing damage simulation test device provided in the embodiment of the present application can apply test speeds and test loads corresponding to different working conditions to the main bearing to be tested, thereby obtaining test data of the main bearing to be tested under different working conditions. Thus, a shield machine main shaft damage simulation test can be performed.

[0060] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0061] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0062] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; “and / or” in this article is merely a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0063] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0066] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0067] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0068] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0069] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0070] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shield machine main bearing damage simulation test bench, characterized in that: include: A driving device, a main bearing fixing seat, a loading plate, a loading device, a data acquisition device and a base, wherein: The driving device is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested; The other end of the main bearing to be tested is connected to the first side surface of the loading plate; The loading device is arranged around the loading plate and is used to apply a load to the loading plate; The data acquisition device is used to collect test data of the main bearing to be tested during the test process; The driving device, the main bearing fixing seat and the loading device are connected to the base.

2. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving device includes: a motor, a reducer, a coupling and a transmission box, wherein: The motor is connected to one end of the reducer; The other end of the reducer is connected to one end of the coupling; The other end of the coupling is connected to one end of the transmission box; The other end of the transmission box is connected to one end of the main bearing to be tested.

3. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading device includes an axial loading device, a first overturning moment loading device, a second overturning moment loading device and a radial loading device, wherein: The axial loading device is disposed at a center position of a second side surface of the loading disk, and the axial loading device is in contact with a center position of the second side surface, and the axial loading device is in contact with a center position of the second side surface; The first overturning moment loading device is disposed at an edge position of the second side surface of the loading plate, and the first overturning moment loading device is in contact with an edge of the second side surface; The second overturning moment loading device is disposed at an edge position of a first side surface of the loading plate, and the second overturning moment loading device is in contact with an edge of the first side surface; The first overturning moment loading device and the second overturning moment loading device are at different ends of the same axis of the loading disk; The radial loading device is arranged at the top end of the loading plate.

4. The test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that The loading device further comprises a hollow transmission gear, the transmission shaft of the transmission box is connected to the inner wall of the transmission gear, and the outer surface of the transmission gear is connected to the main bearing to be tested.

5. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition device includes at least one of the following: Vibration data acquisition device; Temperature data acquisition device; Sound data collection device.

6. A shield machine main bearing damage simulation test method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method comprises: Determine the test speed and test load corresponding to the main bearing to be tested under different working conditions; Starting the driving device to drive the main bearing to be tested and the loading plate to reach the test speed; Controlling the loading device to apply the test load to the loading plate; The test data of the bearing to be tested is acquired based on the data acquisition device.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The test load includes at least one of the following: Axial load; First overturning moment load; a second overturning moment load; wherein the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located at two ends of the same axis of the loading plate, and the application positions of the first overturning moment load and the overturning moment load are respectively located on both sides of the loading plate; Radial load.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The test data includes at least one of the following: Vibration data; Temperature data; Sound data.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 when executed by a processor.

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