A soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for permafrost active layer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of soil moisture measurement, and is used to solve the problem of lacking a system that can effectively coordinate and manage measurement data and perform basic auxiliary analysis on statistical data when measuring the soil moisture content of the active layer. The present invention is specifically a soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for the active layer of permafrost. In the present invention, basic influencing factors are measured separately by different units, and multi-party measurement information is exchanged through cloud information interaction to ensure measurement efficiency. A three-dimensional measurement stereogram is drawn by a depth construction control unit. Through the three-dimensional image, one-sided data is combined into an intuitive three-dimensional three-dimensional image, which facilitates intuitive understanding of the changes in soil moisture content at different terrains, different temperatures and different depth levels. The moisture measurement and analysis unit intelligently filters unreasonable data and marks and reminds unreasonable data, thereby improving the accuracy of data in the measurement completion image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil moisture measurement, and in particular to a soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for permafrost active layers. Background Art

[0002] Permafrost, due to its unique hydrothermal characteristics, strongly affects the energy-water exchange process between the ground and the atmosphere, as well as the surface and underground hydrological processes. It has unique hydrothermal characteristics. The cold energy stored in the permafrost layer affects the surface temperature through water-heat exchange in the active layer, thereby affecting the regional climate. The water in the permafrost layer is mainly stored in the form of solid ice, and external liquid water is also quickly frozen into ice due to its low-temperature freezing effect. Therefore, the permafrost layer has a very strong water-isolating effect. Various hydrological processes in its distribution area are strictly restricted to the surface, active layer, thaw zone and the strata below the lower limit of the permafrost. In the permafrost area, the active layer refers to the rock and soil layer above the permafrost layer that freezes in the cold season and melts in the warm season, also known as the seasonal thaw layer.

[0003] The active layer is not part of permafrost, but its spatial distribution is one of the main factors affecting the development or degradation of permafrost. Since permafrost is covered by the active layer, the spatial distribution of permafrost cannot be directly observed and is difficult to accurately simulate. Currently, the spatial distribution of moisture in the active layer is still in the qualitative description stage. Therefore, during the measurement of the active layer, a measurement management system that can coordinate management and assist in analysis is needed to better assist researchers in their measurements.

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention realizes separate measurement of basic influencing factors through a measurement information acquisition unit and a soil analysis unit, so that the measurement of different factors has an independent processing unit, and realizes multi-party measurement information intercommunication through cloud information interaction, thereby ensuring the efficiency of measurement, and draws a three-dimensional measurement stereogram through a depth construction control unit. Through the three-dimensional image, one-sided data is combined into an intuitive three-dimensional three-dimensional image, and supplemented by data display, it is convenient to intuitively understand the changes in soil moisture content at different terrains, different temperatures and different depth levels. The moisture measurement and analysis unit performs preliminary data analysis on the three-dimensional measurement completion map, thereby intelligently screening unreasonable data and marking and reminding unreasonable data, thereby improving the accuracy of the data in the measurement completion map, so as to solve the technical defects proposed by the background technology.

[0006] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for permafrost active layer, comprising a measurement information acquisition unit, a moisture measurement and analysis unit, a depth construction control unit, a comprehensive management unit and a soil analysis unit, wherein the measurement information acquisition unit comprises an active layer acquisition unit and a surface layer acquisition unit, wherein the active layer acquisition unit can collect active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature, and the surface layer acquisition unit can collect surface layer soil moisture content, and the measurement information acquisition unit sends the collected active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content and surface layer soil moisture content to the moisture measurement and analysis unit;

[0007] The depth construction control unit obtains the measurement depth during the measurement of the active layer, generates a measurement stereogram according to the measurement depth, and sends the measurement stereogram to the moisture measurement and analysis unit;

[0008] The soil analysis unit can obtain influencing factors of the active layer, wherein the influencing factors of the active layer include soil type, terrain information and vegetation cover information;

[0009] The moisture measurement and analysis unit obtains the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and performs data verification analysis based on the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and sends the data verification analysis results to the comprehensive management unit. At the same time, the moisture measurement and analysis unit forwards the information sent by the measurement information acquisition unit, the depth construction control unit, and the soil analysis unit to the comprehensive management unit;

[0010] The comprehensive management unit performs verification analysis on the data sent by the moisture measurement and analysis unit and classifies and stores various measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes the above-mentioned active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content, surface soil moisture content, measurement stereogram and influencing factors of the active layer.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface soil collection unit collects surface soil moisture content by satellite remote sensing to obtain surface soil moisture content data over a large area;

[0012] The active layer collection unit collects the active layer soil moisture content by drilling. After the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature are collected by drilling, the drilling depth corresponding to the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature is marked according to the drilling depth, thereby improving the data integrity of the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the depth construction control unit obtains the measured depth of the active layer, and marks the measured depth of the active layer and the position coordinates of the measuring point one-to-one. The depth construction control unit constructs a three-dimensional coordinate graph, wherein the XY axis of the three-dimensional coordinate graph is the coordinate plane and the Z axis is the downward space. The depth construction control unit converts the position of the measuring point into XY coordinates and converts the measured depth into Z-axis coordinates, and then fills the measuring point into the three-dimensional coordinate graph to complete the construction of the measurement stereogram.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the measurement stereogram, the moisture measurement and analysis unit fills the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature into the measurement stereogram according to their corresponding drilling depths. The filling position is determined based on the drilling depth being equal to the measurement depth to generate a measurement completion diagram.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil type analysis unit divides the soil type into sandy soil, clay soil, and loam, divides the terrain information into three types: depressions, highlands, and slopes, and displays the vegetation coverage information in the form of a prepared coverage rate. When obtaining the soil type, the soil type analysis unit obtains it by manual input. When obtaining the terrain information, the soil type analysis unit distributes multiple control points in a rectangular array within the analysis area, and scans the selected area through satellite remote sensing to obtain the altitude of each control point. If the altitude of a certain control point is less than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a depression. If the altitude of a certain control point is greater than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a highland. If the altitude of a certain control point is higher than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points, and the altitude of the control point is less than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a slope.

[0016] When acquiring vegetation coverage information, the soil type analysis unit obtains a vegetation coverage image through aerial photography, marks the vegetation coverage portion in the vegetation coverage image, and calculates the vegetation coverage rate by calculating the proportion of the vegetation coverage portion to the total area.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of the moisture measurement and analysis unit performing data verification analysis is as follows:

[0018] S1: Obtain the measurement completion map and obtain the data of any measurement point in the measurement completion map, where the data includes the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature;

[0019] S2: Acquire data of all adjacent measurement points selected in step S1, and perform difference calculation between the measurement point in S1 and the data of the same type of adjacent measurement points to obtain a data migration value;

[0020] S3: Compare the data migration value with a preset migration threshold. If the data migration value is greater than the preset migration threshold, a data anomaly signal is generated, and the two groups of measurement points generating the data anomaly signal are highlighted. If the data migration value is less than or equal to the preset migration threshold, no response is taken.

[0021] S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 to complete the comparison of data migration values ​​for all measurement points in the measurement completion graph;

[0022] S5: The number of generated data abnormality signals and the measurement completion graph with highlighted completion marks are sent to the comprehensive management unit as the data verification analysis results.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive management unit includes a data management unit and a device management unit. The data management unit is used to perform verification analysis on the data sent by the moisture measurement and analysis unit and store various measurement data. The device management unit can obtain the device usage time and the device maintenance interval, and calculate the device reliability index based on the device usage time and the device maintenance interval, and provide maintenance and repair reminders for the equipment based on the device reliability index. The device reliability index is calculated by sending the device usage time and the device maintenance interval to the cloud, and the cloud uses an analysis model to simulate the device usage time and the device maintenance interval with different weights, and generates the device reliability index based on the simulation results.

[0024] When comparing the data migration value with the preset migration threshold, the moisture measurement and analysis unit performs a proportional weighted calculation on the preset migration threshold according to the equipment reliability index, and changes the preset migration threshold in real time.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. When measuring the soil moisture content of the active layer, the present invention realizes separate measurement of basic influencing factors through the measurement information acquisition unit and the soil analysis unit, so that the measurement of different factors has independent processing units, and realizes multi-party measurement information intercommunication through cloud information interaction, thereby ensuring measurement efficiency.

[0027] 2. The present invention uses a depth construction control unit to draw a three-dimensional measurement stereogram, and combines the measurement information acquisition unit and the soil analysis unit to achieve information exchange, thereby realizing the construction of a measurement completion map. Through the three-dimensional image, one-sided data is combined into an intuitive three-dimensional three-dimensional image, and supplemented by data display, so that users can intuitively understand the changes in soil moisture content in different terrains, different temperatures and different depth levels.

[0028] 3. The present invention uses a moisture measurement and analysis unit to perform preliminary data analysis on the three-dimensional measurement completion diagram, thereby intelligently screening out unreasonable data and marking and reminding unreasonable data, reducing the workload of users, while also improving the accuracy of the data in the measurement completion diagram and ensuring the rigor of the research results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measurement information acquisition unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the integrated management unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] See also Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, a soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for the active layer of permafrost includes a measurement information acquisition unit, a moisture measurement and analysis unit, a depth construction control unit, a comprehensive management unit, and a soil analysis unit. The various units mentioned above are all interconnected through cloud communication to ensure the collaborative operation of multiple units. The measurement information acquisition unit includes an active layer acquisition unit and a surface layer acquisition unit. The active layer acquisition unit can collect the soil moisture content and the soil temperature of the active layer. The active layer acquisition unit collects the soil moisture content of the active layer by drilling. After collecting the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature, the drilling depth corresponding to the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature is marked according to the drilling depth, thereby improving the data integrity of the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature; the surface layer collection unit can collect the surface layer soil moisture content. When collecting the surface layer soil moisture content, the surface layer collection unit detects it through satellite remote sensing to obtain surface layer soil moisture data over a large area. The measurement information collection unit sends the collected active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content, and surface layer soil moisture content to the moisture measurement and analysis unit;

[0036] The depth construction control unit obtains the measured depth when the active layer is measured, and generates a measurement stereogram according to the measured depth, and sends the measurement stereogram to the moisture measurement and analysis unit. When constructing the measurement stereogram, the depth construction control unit obtains the measured depth of the active layer, and marks the measured depth of the active layer with the position coordinates of the measurement point one-to-one. The depth construction control unit constructs a three-dimensional coordinate graph, wherein the XY axis of the three-dimensional coordinate graph is the coordinate plane and the Z axis is the downward space. The depth construction control unit converts the position of the measurement point into XY coordinates and the measured depth into Z-axis coordinates, and then fills the measurement point into the three-dimensional coordinate graph to complete the construction of the measurement stereogram;

[0037] The soil analysis unit can obtain the influencing factors of the active layer, wherein the influencing factors of the active layer include soil type, terrain information and vegetation cover information. The soil type analysis unit divides the soil type into sandy soil, clay soil and loam, divides the terrain information into three types: depression, highland and slope, and displays the vegetation cover information as prepared coverage rate. When obtaining the soil type, the soil type analysis unit obtains it by manual input. When obtaining the terrain information, the soil type analysis unit distributes multiple control points in a rectangular array in the analysis area, and scans the selected area through satellite remote sensing to obtain the altitude of each control point. If the altitude of a certain control point is lower than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a depression. If the altitude of a certain control point is greater than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a highland. If the altitude of a certain control point is higher than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points and the altitude of the control point is lower than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a slope.

[0038] When obtaining vegetation coverage information, the soil type analysis unit obtains vegetation coverage images through aerial photography, marks the vegetation coverage parts in the vegetation coverage images, and calculates the vegetation coverage rate by calculating the proportion of the vegetation coverage parts to the total area.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] See also Figure 1 - Figure 3As shown, the moisture measurement and analysis unit obtains the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and fills the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature into the measurement stereogram according to their corresponding drilling depths. The filling position is determined based on the drilling depth being equal to the measurement depth, and a measurement completion map is generated. Data verification analysis is performed based on the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and the data verification analysis results are sent to the comprehensive management unit. At the same time, the moisture measurement and analysis unit forwards the information sent by the measurement information acquisition unit, the depth construction control unit, and the soil analysis unit to the comprehensive management unit;

[0041] The process of data verification analysis by the moisture measurement and analysis unit is as follows:

[0042] S1: Obtain the measurement completion map and obtain the data of any measurement point in the measurement completion map, where the data includes the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature;

[0043] S2: Acquire data of all adjacent measurement points selected in step S1, and perform difference calculation between the measurement point in S1 and the data of the same type of adjacent measurement points to obtain a data migration value;

[0044] S3: Compare the data migration value with a preset migration threshold. If the data migration value is greater than the preset migration threshold, a data anomaly signal is generated, and the two groups of measurement points generating the data anomaly signal are highlighted. If the data migration value is less than or equal to the preset migration threshold, no response is taken.

[0045] S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 to complete the comparison of data migration values ​​for all measurement points in the measurement completion graph;

[0046] S5: The number of generated data abnormality signals and the measurement completion graph with highlighted completion marks are sent to the comprehensive management unit as the data verification analysis results.

[0047] The comprehensive management unit includes a data management unit and an equipment management unit. The data management unit is used to perform verification analysis on the data sent by the moisture measurement and analysis unit and to classify and store various measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes the above-mentioned active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content, surface soil moisture content, measurement stereogram, and influencing factors of the active layer. The equipment management unit can obtain the equipment usage time and equipment maintenance interval, and calculate the equipment reliability index based on the equipment usage time and equipment maintenance interval, and provide maintenance and inspection reminders for the equipment based on the equipment reliability index. The equipment reliability index is calculated by sending the equipment usage time and equipment maintenance interval to the cloud. The cloud uses an analysis model to simulate the equipment usage time and equipment maintenance interval with different weights, and generates an equipment reliability index based on the simulation results.

[0048] When comparing the data migration value with the preset migration threshold, the moisture measurement and analysis unit performs a proportional weighted calculation on the preset migration threshold according to the equipment reliability index and changes the preset migration threshold in real time.

[0049] In the present invention, the basic influencing factors are measured separately through the measurement information acquisition unit and the soil analysis unit, so that the measurements of different factors have independent processing units, and multi-party measurement information is exchanged through cloud information interaction, thereby ensuring the efficiency of measurement, and drawing a three-dimensional measurement stereogram through the depth construction control unit. Through the three-dimensional image, the one-sided data is combined into an intuitive three-dimensional three-dimensional image, and supplemented by data display, so that users can intuitively understand the changes in soil moisture content in different terrains, different temperatures and different depth levels. The moisture measurement and analysis unit performs preliminary data analysis on the three-dimensional measurement completion map, thereby intelligently screening unreasonable data and marking and reminding unreasonable data, reducing the workload of users, and also improving the accuracy of the data in the measurement completion map, ensuring the rigor of the research results.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for permafrost active layer, characterized in that: It includes a measurement information acquisition unit, a moisture measurement and analysis unit, a depth construction control unit, a comprehensive management unit and a soil analysis unit. The measurement information acquisition unit includes an active layer acquisition unit and a surface layer acquisition unit. The active layer acquisition unit can collect active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature, and the surface layer acquisition unit can collect surface layer soil moisture content. The measurement information acquisition unit sends the collected active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content and surface layer soil moisture content to the moisture measurement and analysis unit. The depth construction control unit obtains the measurement depth during the measurement of the active layer, generates a measurement stereogram according to the measurement depth, and sends the measurement stereogram to the moisture measurement and analysis unit; The soil analysis unit can obtain influencing factors of the active layer, wherein the influencing factors of the active layer include soil type, terrain information and vegetation cover information; The moisture measurement and analysis unit obtains the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and performs data verification analysis based on the active layer soil temperature, the active layer soil moisture content, and the surface layer soil moisture content, and sends the data verification analysis results to the comprehensive management unit. At the same time, the moisture measurement and analysis unit forwards the information sent by the measurement information acquisition unit, the depth construction control unit, and the soil analysis unit to the comprehensive management unit; The comprehensive management unit performs verification analysis on the data sent by the moisture measurement and analysis unit and classifies and stores various measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes the above-mentioned active layer soil temperature, active layer soil moisture content, surface soil moisture content, measurement stereogram and influencing factors of the active layer.

2. A soil moisture measurement and management system suitable for permafrost active layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When collecting surface soil moisture, the surface layer acquisition unit detects the surface soil moisture by satellite remote sensing to obtain surface soil moisture data over a large area. The active layer collection unit collects the active layer soil moisture content by drilling. After the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature are collected by drilling, the drilling depth corresponding to the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature is marked according to the drilling depth, thereby improving the data integrity of the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature.

3. The soil moisture measurement and management system applicable to the permafrost active layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth construction control unit obtains the measured depth of the active layer and marks the measured depth of the active layer and the position coordinates of the measuring point one-to-one. The depth construction control unit constructs a three-dimensional coordinate graph, wherein the XY axis of the three-dimensional coordinate graph is the coordinate plane and the Z axis is the downward space. The depth construction control unit converts the position of the measuring point into XY coordinates and the measured depth into Z-axis coordinates, and then fills the measuring point into the three-dimensional coordinate graph to complete the construction of the measurement stereogram.

4. The soil moisture measurement and management system applicable to permafrost active layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: After obtaining the measurement stereogram, the moisture measurement and analysis unit fills the active layer soil moisture content and the active layer soil temperature into the measurement stereogram according to their corresponding drilling depths. The filling position is determined based on the drilling depth being equal to the measurement depth, and a measurement completion diagram is generated.

5. The soil moisture measurement and management system applicable to the permafrost active layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The soil type analysis unit divides soil types into sandy soil, clay soil, and loam, divides terrain information into three types: depressions, highlands, and slopes, and displays vegetation coverage information in the form of prepared coverage. When obtaining soil types, the soil type analysis unit obtains them by manual input. When obtaining terrain information, the soil type analysis unit distributes multiple control points in a rectangular array within the analysis area, and scans the selected area through satellite remote sensing to obtain the altitude of each control point. If the altitude of a certain control point is lower than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a depression. If the altitude of a certain control point is higher than that of all its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a highland. If the altitude of a certain control point is higher than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points, and the altitude of the control point is lower than that of at least one group of its adjacent control points, the area where the control point is located is marked as a slope. When acquiring vegetation coverage information, the soil type analysis unit obtains a vegetation coverage image through aerial photography, marks the vegetation coverage portion in the vegetation coverage image, and calculates the vegetation coverage rate by calculating the proportion of the vegetation coverage portion to the total area.

6. The soil moisture measurement and management system applicable to permafrost active layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of the moisture measurement and analysis unit performing data verification analysis is as follows: S1: Obtain the measurement completion map and obtain the data of any measurement point in the measurement completion map, where the data includes the active layer soil moisture content and active layer soil temperature; S2: Acquire data of all adjacent measurement points selected in step S1, and perform difference calculation between the measurement point in S1 and the data of the same type of adjacent measurement points to obtain a data migration value; S3: Compare the data migration value with a preset migration threshold. If the data migration value is greater than the preset migration threshold, a data anomaly signal is generated, and the two groups of measurement points generating the data anomaly signal are highlighted. If the data migration value is less than or equal to the preset migration threshold, no response is taken. S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 to complete the comparison of data migration values ​​for all measurement points in the measurement completion graph; S5: The number of generated data abnormality signals and the measurement completion graph with highlighted completion marks are sent to the comprehensive management unit as the data verification analysis results.

7. The soil moisture measurement and management system applicable to the permafrost active layer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The comprehensive management unit includes a data management unit and a device management unit. The data management unit is used to perform verification analysis on the data sent by the moisture measurement and analysis unit and store various measurement data. The device management unit can obtain the device usage time and equipment maintenance interval, and calculate the device reliability index based on the device usage time and equipment maintenance interval, and provide maintenance and repair reminders for the equipment based on the equipment reliability index. The device reliability index is calculated by sending the device usage time and equipment maintenance interval to the cloud. The cloud uses an analysis model to simulate the device usage time and equipment maintenance interval with different weights, and generates a device reliability index based on the simulation results. When comparing the data migration value with the preset migration threshold, the moisture measurement and analysis unit performs a proportional weighted calculation on the preset migration threshold according to the equipment reliability index, and changes the preset migration threshold in real time.

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