Audio assisted registration

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to techniques for audio-assisted registration of biometric features. In some embodiments, methods and devices are described for assisting a user in registering biometric features using spatial audio cues.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with application date of August 30, 2019, application number 201980064012.1, and invention name “Audio Assisted Registration”.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0003] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 62 / 739,119, entitled “AUDIO ASSISTED ENROLLMENT,” filed on September 28, 2018, and U.S. Non-Provisional Application Serial No. 16 / 456,839, entitled “AUDIO ASSISTED ENROLLMENT,” filed on June 28, 2019. The contents of both patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Technical Field

[0004] The present disclosure relates generally to computer user interfaces and, more particularly, to techniques for audio-assisted registration of biometric features. Background Art

[0005] People can localize sounds in three dimensions (up and down, front and back, and left and right). Different techniques can be used to modify audio so that a listener perceives the audio created by a device as coming from a specific point in space. The listener's perception can be used to guide user input, including user input during the biometric enrollment process. Summary of the invention

[0006] However, some biometric registration (e.g., user face registration) techniques using electronic devices are often cumbersome and inefficient. For example, some prior art techniques use complex and time-consuming user interfaces that can lead to user errors. Prior art techniques require more time than necessary, which results in wasted user time and device energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-powered devices.

[0007] Therefore, the present technology provides a faster and more efficient method and interface for biometric registration for electronic devices. Such methods and interfaces optionally supplement or replace other methods for biometric registration. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on users and produce more efficient human-computer interfaces. For battery-powered computing devices, such methods and interfaces save power (e.g., by reducing the power consumption of the device's processor and display) and increase the time interval between battery charges.

[0008] According to some embodiments, a method is described for performing at an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors and operably connected to a first speaker and a second speaker. The method includes: when a biometric feature is detected to be in a first orientation that does not meet a first registration standard relative to one or more biometric sensors, generating audio in a first audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a first position, which is not the position of one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker; while the electronic device is maintained in the first audio generation mode: detecting an orientation change of the biometric feature from a first orientation to a second orientation relative to one or more biometric sensors; and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature meets the first registration standard: storing first image data corresponding to the biometric feature captured from one or more biometric sensors when the biometric feature is in the second orientation; and generating audio in a second audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a second position, which is not the position of one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker, wherein the first position is different from the second position.

[0009] According to some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors and operably connected to a first speaker and a second speaker. The one or more programs include instructions for performing the following operations: upon detecting that the biometric feature is in a first orientation relative to one or more biometric sensors that does not satisfy a first registration criterion, generating audio in a first audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a first position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker; and while the electronic device remains in the first audio generation mode: detecting a change in orientation of the biometric feature from a first orientation to a second orientation relative to the one or more biometric sensors; and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration criterion: storing first image data corresponding to the biometric feature captured from the one or more biometric sensors when the biometric feature is in the second orientation; and generating audio in a second audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a second position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker, wherein the first position is different from the second position.

[0010] According to some embodiments, a transient computer-readable storage medium is described. The transient storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors and operably connected to a first speaker and a second speaker. The one or more programs include instructions for performing the following operations: upon detecting that the biometric feature is in a first orientation relative to one or more biometric sensors that does not satisfy a first registration criterion, generating audio in a first audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a first position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker; and while the electronic device remains in the first audio generation mode: detecting a change in orientation of the biometric feature from a first orientation to a second orientation relative to the one or more biometric sensors; and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration criterion: storing first image data corresponding to the biometric feature captured from the one or more biometric sensors when the biometric feature is in the second orientation; and generating audio in a second audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a second position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker, wherein the first position is different from the second position.

[0011] According to some embodiments, an electronic device includes: one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors, the one or more processors being operably connected to a first speaker and a second speaker; and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors. The one or more programs include instructions for performing the following operations: when a biometric feature is detected to be in a first orientation that does not meet a first registration standard relative to one or more biometric sensors, audio is generated in a first audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a first position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker; and when the electronic device remains in the first audio generation mode: detecting an orientation change of the biometric feature from the first orientation to the second orientation relative to the one or more biometric sensors; and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature meets the first registration standard: storing first image data corresponding to the biometric feature captured from the one or more biometric sensors when the biometric feature is in the second orientation; and generating audio in a second audio generation mode, wherein the audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a second position, which is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker, wherein the first position is different from the second position.

[0012] According to some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device includes: one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors, the one or more processors being operably connected to a first speaker and a second speaker; a device for generating audio in a first audio generation mode when it is detected that the biometric feature is in a first orientation that does not satisfy a first registration standard relative to the one or more biometric sensors, wherein the audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a first position that is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker; a device for detecting an orientation change of the biometric feature from a first orientation to a second orientation relative to the one or more biometric sensors when the electronic device is maintained in the first audio generation mode; a device for storing first image data corresponding to the biometric feature captured from the one or more biometric sensors when the biometric feature is in the second orientation when the electronic device is maintained in the first audio generation mode and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration standard; and a device for generating audio in a second audio generation mode when the electronic device is maintained in the first audio generation mode and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration standard, wherein the audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate audio generated from a second position that is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of the first speaker or the second speaker, wherein the first position is different from the second position.

[0013] Executable instructions for performing these functions are optionally included in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. Executable instructions for performing these functions are optionally included in a transient computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors.

[0014] Thus, a faster, more efficient method and interface for audio-assisted enrollment of biometric features is provided for devices, thereby improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction of such devices. Such methods and interfaces may supplement or replace other methods for audio-assisted enrollment of biometric features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

[0016] Figure 1A is a block diagram showing a portable multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display according to some embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1B is a block diagram illustrating example components for event processing according to some embodiments.

[0018] Figure 2 A portable multifunction device with a touch screen according to some embodiments is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface according to some embodiments.

[0020] Figure 4A An exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device is shown according to some embodiments.

[0021] Figure 4B An exemplary user interface is shown for a multifunction device having a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display according to some embodiments.

[0022] Figure 5A A personal electronic device according to some embodiments is shown.

[0023] Figure 5B is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device according to some embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6K Exemplary techniques for audio-assisted biometric enrollment according to some embodiments are shown.

[0025] 7A to 7D Exemplary techniques for audio-assisted biometric enrollment according to some embodiments are shown.

[0026] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C Exemplary techniques for audio-assisted biometric enrollment according to some embodiments are shown.

[0027] 9A to 9C is a flowchart illustrating a method for audio-assisted biometric enrollment according to some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following description sets forth exemplary methods, parameters, etc. However, it should be appreciated that such description is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but is provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

[0029] There is a need for electronic devices that provide effective methods and interfaces for audio-assisted registration of one or more biometric features, such as a user's face or a user's eyes (e.g., irises). For example, spatial audio can provide a user with contextual awareness of the state of an electronic device, particularly the state of a biometric registration process for the electronic device. Such techniques can reduce the cognitive burden on a user when registering biometric features, thereby increasing productivity. In addition, such techniques can reduce processor power and battery power that would otherwise be wasted on redundant user input or registration attempts.

[0030] under Figure 1A to Figure 1B , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , FIG. 4A to FIG. 4B and FIG. 5A to FIG. 5B A description of an exemplary device for performing techniques for management event notifications is provided. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6K , 7A to 7D and FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C An exemplary user interface for audio-assisted registration of one or more biometric features is shown. 9A to 9C is a flow chart illustrating a method for audio-assisted registration of one or more biometric features according to some embodiments. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6K , 7A to 7D as well as FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C The user interface in is used to illustrate the processes described below, which include 9A to 9C process.

[0031] Although the following description uses the terms "first", "second", etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first touch can be named a second touch and similarly a second touch can be named a first touch without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. Both the first touch and the second touch are touches, but they are not the same touch.

[0032] The terms used in the description of various described embodiments herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be limited. As used in the description of various described embodiments and in the appended claims, the singular forms "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more items in the associated listed items. It will also be understood that the term "includes", "including", "comprises" and / or "comprising" when used in this specification specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or their grouping.

[0033] The term "if" is optionally interpreted to mean "when," "upon," or "in response to determining," or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined that ..." or "if [a stated condition or event] is detected" are optionally interpreted to mean "upon determining that ..." or "in response to determining that ..." or "upon detecting [a stated condition or event]," or "in response to detecting [a stated condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0034] Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described herein. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communication device, such as a mobile phone, that also includes other functions, such as a PDA and / or a music player function. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, but are not limited to, the Apple iPod from Apple Inc. (Cupertino, California). Devices, iPod Equipment, and Device. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and / or touch pads) are optionally used. It should also be understood that in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communication device, but a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen displays and / or touch pads).

[0035] In the following discussion, an electronic device including a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. However, it should be understood that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, mouse and / or joystick.

[0036] The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk editing application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephony application, a video conferencing application, an email application, an instant messaging application, a fitness support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and / or a digital video player application.

[0037] Various applications executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user interface device, such as a touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface and corresponding information displayed on the device are optionally adjusted and / or varied for different applications, and / or adjusted and / or varied within the respective applications. In this way, the common physical architecture of the device (such as a touch-sensitive surface) optionally supports a variety of applications with a user interface that is intuitive and clear to the user.

[0038] Attention is now turned to embodiments of portable devices having touch-sensitive displays. Figure 1A is a block diagram showing a portable multifunction device 100 with a touch-sensitive display system 112 according to some embodiments. The touch-sensitive display 112 is sometimes referred to as a "touch screen" for convenience, and is sometimes referred to as or referred to as a "touch-sensitive display system." The device 100 includes a memory 102 (which optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage media), a memory controller 122, one or more processing units (CPUs) 120, a peripheral device interface 118, an RF circuit 108, an audio circuit 110, a speaker 111, a microphone 113, an input / output (I / O) subsystem 106, other input control devices 116, and an external port 124. The device 100 optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. The device 100 optionally includes one or more contact force sensors 165 for detecting the intensity of contact on the device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface, such as the touch-sensitive display system 112 of the device 100). Device 100 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167 for generating tactile output on device 100 (e.g., generating tactile output on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100 or touch pad 355 of device 300). These components optionally communicate via one or more communication buses or signal lines 103.

[0039] As used in this specification and claims, the term "intensity" of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a surrogate (surrogate) of the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values ​​that includes at least four different values ​​and more typically includes hundreds of different values ​​(e.g., at least 256). The intensity of a contact is optionally determined (or measured) using various methods and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors below or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are optionally used to measure the force at different points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., weighted averaged) to determine an estimated contact force. Similarly, the pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is optionally used to determine the pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and / or its change, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface near the contact and / or its change, and / or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface near the contact and / or its change are optionally used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the substitute measurement of the contact force or pressure is used directly to determine whether the intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurement). In some embodiments, the substitute measurement of the contact force or pressure is converted into an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether the intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using the intensity of the contact as an attribute of the user input allows the user to access additional device functions that would otherwise be inaccessible to the user on a smaller device with limited real estate, which is used to display an enable indication (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and / or receive user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or a physical control / mechanical control, such as a knob or button).

[0040] As used in this specification and claims, the term "tactile output" refers to a physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, a physical displacement of a component of the device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) relative to another component of the device (e.g., a housing), or a displacement of a component relative to the center of mass of the device, which will be detected by a user using the user's sense of touch. For example, in the case where a device or a component of the device is in contact with a user's touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of the user's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in a physical characteristic of the device or component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is optionally interpreted by the user as a "press click" or "release click" to a physical actuation button. In some cases, the user will feel a tactile sensation, such as a "press click" or "release click", even when the physical actuation button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movement does not move. As another example, even when there is no change in the smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface, movement of the touch-sensitive surface may optionally be interpreted or sensed by the user as "roughness" of the touch-sensitive surface. Although such a user's interpretation of touch will be limited by the user's individualized sensory perceptions, many sensory perceptions of touch are common to most users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., "press click," "release click," "roughness"), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to a physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that would generate that sensory perception for a typical (or average) user.

[0041] It should be understood that device 100 is merely one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. Figure 1A The various components shown in the EMBODIMENTS 2000 are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and / or application specific integrated circuits.

[0042] Memory 102 optionally includes high-speed random access memory, and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Memory controller 122 optionally controls other components of device 100 to access memory 102.

[0043] The peripheral device interface 118 can be used to couple the input peripheral devices and output peripheral devices of the device to the CPU 120 and the memory 102. The one or more processors 120 run or execute various software programs and / or instruction sets stored in the memory 102 to perform various functions of the device 100 and process data. In some embodiments, the peripheral device interface 118, the CPU 120, and the memory controller 122 are optionally implemented on a single chip such as the chip 104. In some other embodiments, they are optionally implemented on separate chips.

[0044] RF (radio frequency) circuit 108 receives and sends RF signals, also referred to as electromagnetic signals. RF circuit 108 converts electrical signals into / converts electromagnetic signals into electrical signals, and communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. RF circuit 108 optionally includes well-known circuits for performing these functions, including but not limited to antenna systems, RF transceivers, one or more amplifiers, tuners, one or more oscillators, digital signal processors, codec chipsets, user identity modules (SIM) cards, memories, and the like. RF circuit 108 optionally communicates with networks and other devices via wireless communications, such as the Internet (also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW)), intranets, and / or wireless networks (such as cellular telephone networks, wireless local area networks (LANs), and / or metropolitan area networks (MANs)). RF circuit 108 optionally includes well-known circuits for detecting near field communications (NFC) fields, such as through short-range communications radio components. Wireless communication optionally uses any of a variety of communication standards, protocols and technologies, including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Near Field Communication (NFC), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11d), IEEE 802.11e, IEEE 802.11f, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11g). 802.11n and / or IEEE 802.11ac), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, email protocols (e.g., Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) and / or Post Office Protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Utilizing Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and / or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol including communication protocols that have not been developed as of the filing date of this document.

[0045] The audio circuit 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audio interface between a user and the device 100. The audio circuit 110 receives audio data from the peripheral device interface 118, converts the audio data into electrical signals, and transmits the electrical signals to the speaker 111. The speaker 111 converts the electrical signals into sound waves audible to humans. The audio circuit 110 also receives electrical signals converted from sound waves by the microphone 113. The audio circuit 110 converts the electrical signals into audio data and transmits the audio data to the peripheral device interface 118 for processing. The audio data is optionally retrieved from and / or transmitted to the memory 102 and / or the RF circuit 108 by the peripheral device interface 118. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 110 also includes a headset jack (e.g., Figure 2 The headset jack provides an interface between the audio circuit 110 and a removable audio input / output peripheral device, such as an output-only headset or a headset having both output (e.g., a single or dual-ear headset) and input (e.g., a microphone).

[0046] The I / O subsystem 106 couples input / output peripherals on the device 100, such as a touch screen 112 and other input control devices 116, to a peripheral device interface 118. The I / O subsystem 106 optionally includes a display controller 156, an optical sensor controller 158, a depth camera controller 169, an intensity sensor controller 159, a tactile feedback controller 161, and one or more input controllers 160 for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers 160 receive / send electrical signals from other input control devices 116. The other input control devices 116 optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slide switches, joysticks, click wheels, etc. In some alternative embodiments, the input controller 160 is optionally coupled to any of the following (or none of the following): a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointing device such as a mouse. One or more buttons (e.g., Figure 2 208) optionally includes an increase / decrease button for volume control of the speaker 111 and / or the microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g., Figure 2 206).

[0047] A quick press of the push button optionally disengages the lock of the touch screen 112 or optionally begins the process of unlocking the device using gestures on the touch screen, as described in U.S. Patent Application 11 / 322,549, filed on December 23, 2005, entitled "Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image" (i.e., U.S. Patent No. 7,657,849), which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A long press of the push button (e.g., 206) optionally turns the device 100 on or off. The functions of one or more buttons are optionally user-customizable. The touch screen 112 is used to implement virtual buttons or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards.

[0048] The touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and the user. The display controller 156 receives electrical signals from the touch screen 112 and / or sends electrical signals to the touch screen 112. The touch screen 112 displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof (collectively referred to as "graphics"). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output optionally corresponds to user interface objects.

[0049] The touch screen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or sensor group that accepts input from a user based on tactile and / or haptic contact. The touch screen 112 and display controller 156 (together with any associated modules and / or instruction sets in memory 102) detect contact on the touch screen 112 (and any movement or interruption of the contact) and convert the detected contact into interaction with a user interface object (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages, or images) displayed on the touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, the point of contact between the touch screen 112 and the user corresponds to a finger of the user.

[0050] The touch screen 112 optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. The touch screen 112 and display controller 156 optionally use any of a variety of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with the touch screen 112 to detect contact and any movement or interruption thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as in the Apple ® from Apple Inc. (Cupertino, California). and iPod The technology used in.

[0051] The touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen 112 is optionally similar to the multi-touch-sensitive trackpad described in the following U.S. Patents: 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and / or 6,677,932 (Westerman et al.), and / or U.S. Patent Publication 2002 / 0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However, the touch screen 112 displays visual output from the device 100, while the touch-sensitive touchpad does not provide visual output.

[0052] In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive display of the touch screen 112 is as described in the following patent applications: (1) U.S. patent application No. 11 / 381,313, entitled “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed on May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application No. 10 / 840,862, entitled “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed on May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application No. 10 / 903,964, entitled “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed on July 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application No. 11 / 048,264, entitled “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed on January 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application No. 11 / 086,874, entitled “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed on January 18, 2005 and (9) U.S. patent application No. 11 / 367,749, filed on March 3, 2006, entitled “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device.” All of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0053] The touch screen 112 optionally has a video resolution of more than 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of about 160 dpi. The user optionally uses any suitable object or attachment such as a stylus, finger, etc. to contact the touch screen 112. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily through finger-based contacts and gestures, which may not be as precise as stylus-based input due to the larger contact area of ​​the finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device converts rough finger-based input into precise pointer / cursor positions or commands for performing the actions desired by the user.

[0054] In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, the device 100 optionally includes a touchpad for activating or deactivating specific functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of ​​the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is optionally a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the touch screen 112 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen.

[0055] The device 100 also includes a power system 162 for powering the various components. The power system 162 optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., batteries, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power fault detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light emitting diode (LED)), and any other components associated with the generation, management, and distribution of power in a portable device.

[0056] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more optical sensors 164 . Figure 1AAn optical sensor coupled to an optical sensor controller 158 in the I / O subsystem 106 is shown. The optical sensor 164 optionally includes a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The optical sensor 164 receives light projected through one or more lenses from the environment and converts the light into data representing an image. In conjunction with the imaging module 143 (also called a camera module), the optical sensor 164 optionally captures a static image or video. In some embodiments, the optical sensor is located on the rear of the device 100, opposite to the touch screen display 112 on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display can be used as a viewfinder for static images and / or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, the optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user's image is optionally obtained for video conferencing while the user views other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of the optical sensor 164 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor 164 is used with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and static image and / or video image acquisition.

[0057] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more depth camera sensors 175 . Figure 1A A depth camera sensor coupled to a depth camera controller 169 in the I / O subsystem 106 is shown. The depth camera sensor 175 receives data from the environment to create a three-dimensional model of an object (e.g., a face) within the scene from a viewpoint (e.g., a depth camera sensor). In some embodiments, in conjunction with the imaging module 143 (also referred to as a camera module), the depth camera sensor 175 is optionally used to determine a depth map of different portions of an image captured by the imaging module 143. In some embodiments, the depth camera sensor is located at the front of the device 100, so that an image of the user with depth information is optionally obtained for video conferencing while the user is viewing other video conference participants on the touch screen display, and a selfie with depth map data is captured. In some embodiments, the depth camera sensor 175 is located at the rear of the device, or at both the rear and front of the device 100. In some embodiments, the position of the depth camera sensor 175 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and sensor in the device housing) so that the depth camera sensor 175 is used with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still image and / or video image acquisition.

[0058] In some embodiments, a depth map (e.g., a depth map image) contains information (e.g., values) related to the distance of an object in a scene from a viewpoint (e.g., a camera, an optical sensor, a depth camera sensor). In one embodiment of a depth map, each depth pixel defines the position of its corresponding two-dimensional pixel in the Z axis of the viewpoint. In some embodiments, a depth map is composed of pixels, each of which is defined by a value (e.g., 0 to 255). For example, a "0" value represents a pixel located farthest from a viewpoint (e.g., a camera, an optical sensor, a depth camera sensor) in a "three-dimensional" scene, and a "255" value represents a pixel located closest to the viewpoint in a "three-dimensional" scene. In other embodiments, a depth map represents the distance between an object in a scene and the plane of the viewpoint. In some embodiments, a depth map includes information about the relative depths of various features of an object of interest in the field of view of a depth camera (e.g., the relative depths of the eyes, nose, mouth, and ears of a user's face). In some embodiments, a depth map includes information that enables a device to determine the contour of an object of interest in the z direction.

[0059] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 . Figure 1A A contact force sensor is shown coupled to a force sensor controller 159 in the I / O subsystem 106. Contact force sensor 165 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electrical force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other force sensors (e.g., sensors for measuring the force (or pressure) of contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact force sensor 165 receives contact force information (e.g., pressure information or a surrogate for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact force sensor is juxtaposed or adjacent to a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact force sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite to touch screen display 112 located on the front of device 100.

[0060] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors 166 . Figure 1AA proximity sensor 166 is shown coupled to the peripherals interface 118. Alternatively, the proximity sensor 166 is optionally coupled to the input controller 160 in the I / O subsystem 106. The proximity sensor 166 is optionally implemented as described in the following U.S. patent applications: No. 11 / 241,839, entitled "Proximity Detector In Handheld Device"; No. 11 / 240,788, entitled "Proximity Detector In Handheld Device"; No. 11 / 620,702, entitled "Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output"; No. 11 / 586,862, entitled "Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices"; and No. 11 / 638,251, entitled "Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals", which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, when the multifunction device is placed near the user's ear (e.g., when the user is on a phone call), the proximity sensor turns off and disables the touch screen 112.

[0061] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators 167 . Figure 1AA tactile output generator is shown coupled to a tactile feedback controller 161 in the I / O subsystem 106. The tactile output generator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as a speaker or other audio component; and / or an electromechanical device for converting energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component for converting an electrical signal into a tactile output on the device). The contact force sensor 165 receives tactile feedback generation instructions from the tactile feedback module 133 and generates a tactile output on the device 100 that can be felt by a user of the device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is arranged in parallel or adjacent to a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display system 112) and optionally generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., inward / outward of the surface of the device 100) or laterally (e.g., backward and forward in the same plane as the surface of the device 100). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of the device 100, opposite the touch screen display 112 located on the front of the device 100.

[0062] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more accelerometers 168 . Figure 1A An accelerometer 168 coupled to the peripheral device interface 118 is shown. Alternatively, the accelerometer 168 is optionally coupled to the input controller 160 in the I / O subsystem 106. The accelerometer 168 is optionally implemented as described in the following U.S. patent publications: U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, entitled "Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices" and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, entitled "Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer", both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed in a portrait view or a landscape view on a touch screen display based on analysis of data received from one or more accelerometers. The device 100 optionally includes a magnetometer and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver in addition to the accelerometer 168 for obtaining information about the position and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of the device 100.

[0063] In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 102 include an operating system 126, a communication module (or instruction set) 128, a contact / motion module (or instruction set) 130, a graphics module (or instruction set) 132, a text input module (or instruction set) 134, a global positioning system (GPS) module (or instruction set) 135, and an application (or instruction set) 136. In addition, in some embodiments, memory 102 ( Figure 1A ) or 370( Figure 3 ) storage device / global internal state 157, such as Figure 1A and Figure 3 As shown in . Device / global internal state 157 includes one or more of the following:

[0064] Active application state, which indicates which applications (if any) are currently active; display state, which indicates what applications, views, or other information occupy various areas of the touch screen display 112; sensor state, including information obtained from the device's various sensors and input control devices 116; and position information about the device's position and / or posture.

[0065] The operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and / or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.), and facilitating communication between various hardware components and software components.

[0066] The communication module 128 facilitates communication with other devices through one or more external ports 124, and also includes various software components for processing data received by the RF circuit 108 and / or the external port 124. The external port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FireWire, etc.) is suitable for coupling directly to other devices, or indirectly through a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is connected to (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

[0067] The contact / motion module 130 optionally detects contact with the touch screen 112 (in conjunction with the display controller 156) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). The contact / motion module 130 includes various software components for performing various operations related to contact detection, such as determining whether contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger press event), determining the contact strength (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact, or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining whether there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger drag events), and determining whether the contact has stopped (e.g., detecting a finger lift event or contact disconnection). The contact / motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining the movement of the contact point optionally includes determining the rate (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and / or acceleration (change in magnitude and / or direction) of the contact point, the movement of the contact point being represented by a series of contact data. These operations are optionally applied to a single point of contact (e.g., a single finger contact) or multiple points of simultaneous contact (e.g., "multi-touch" / multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, the contact / motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contact on a touch pad.

[0068] In some embodiments, the contact / motion module 130 uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has "clicked" an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined based on software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of specific physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of the device 100). For example, without changing the touchpad or touchscreen display hardware, the mouse "click" threshold of a touchpad or touchscreen can be set to any one of a large range of predefined thresholds. In addition, in some specific implementations, a software setting is provided to the user of the device for adjusting one or more intensity thresholds in a set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and / or by utilizing a system-level click on an "intensity" parameter to adjust multiple intensity thresholds at once).

[0069] The contact / motion module 130 optionally detects gesture input by the user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and / or intensities of the detected contacts). Therefore, gestures are optionally detected by detecting specific contact patterns. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger press event, and then detecting a finger lift (lift-off) event at the same location (or substantially the same location) as the finger press event (e.g., at the location of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger press event, then detecting one or more finger drag events, and then detecting a finger lift (lift-off) event.

[0070] The graphics module 132 includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on the touch screen 112 or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual attributes) of the displayed graphics. As used herein, the term "graphics" includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, but not limited to, text, web pages, icons (such as user interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, etc.

[0071] In some embodiments, the graphics module 132 stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is optionally assigned a corresponding code. The graphics module 132 receives one or more codes for specifying the graphics to be displayed from an application program, etc., and also receives coordinate data and other graphic attribute data together if necessary, and then generates screen image data to be output to the display controller 156.

[0072] Haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator 167 to produce tactile output at one or more locations on device 100 in response to user interaction with device 100 .

[0073] Text input module 134, which is optionally a component of graphics module 132, provides a soft keyboard for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts 137, email 140, IM 141, browser 147, and any other application requiring text input).

[0074] The GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to the phone 138 for use in location-based dialing; to the camera 143 as picture / video metadata; and to applications that provide location-based services, such as the Weather widget, the Local Pages widget, and the Maps / Navigation widget).

[0075] The application 136 optionally includes the following modules (or instruction sets) or a subset or superset thereof:

[0076] Contacts module 137 (sometimes called address book or contact list);

[0077] Telephone module 138;

[0078] Video conferencing module 139;

[0079] Email client module 140;

[0080] Instant messaging (IM) module 141;

[0081] Fitness support module 142;

[0082] A camera module 143 for still images and / or video images;

[0083] Image management module 144;

[0084] Video player module;

[0085] Music player module;

[0086] Browser module 147;

[0087] Calendar module 148;

[0088] A widget module 149, which optionally includes one or more of the following: a weather widget 149-1, a stock widget 149-2, a calculator widget 149-3, an alarm widget 149-4, a dictionary widget 149-5, and other widgets acquired by the user, and a user-created widget 149-6;

[0089] A widget creator module 150 for forming a user-created widget 149-6;

[0090] Search module 151;

[0091] Video and music player module 152, which merges the video player module and the music player module;

[0092] Notepad module 153;

[0093] Map module 154; and / or

[0094] Online video module 155.

[0095] Examples of other applications 136 optionally stored in memory 102 include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, rendering applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication.

[0096] In conjunction with the touch screen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, the contact module 137 is optionally used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in the application internal state 192 of the contact module 137 in memory 102 or memory 370), including: adding one or more names to the address book; deleting names from the address book; associating phone numbers, email addresses, physical addresses, or other information with names; associating images with names; categorizing and classifying names; providing phone numbers or email addresses to initiate and / or facilitate communications via telephone 138, video conferencing module 139, email 140, or IM 141; and the like.

[0097] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, phone module 138 is optionally used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a phone number, access one or more phone numbers in contact module 137, modify an entered phone number, dial a corresponding phone number, conduct a conversation, and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is complete. As described above, wireless communication optionally uses any of a variety of communication standards, protocols, and technologies.

[0098] In combination with the RF circuit 108, the audio circuit 110, the speaker 111, the microphone 113, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the optical sensor 164, the optical sensor controller 158, the contact / motion module 130, the graphics module 132, the text input module 134, the contact module 137 and the telephone module 138, the video conferencing module 139 includes executable instructions for initiating, conducting and terminating a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.

[0099] In conjunction with RF circuit 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, email client module 140 includes executable instructions for creating, sending, receiving, and managing emails in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module 144, email client module 140 makes it very easy to create and send emails with still images or video images captured by camera module 143.

[0100] In conjunction with RF circuit 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, instant messaging module 141 includes executable instructions for the following operations: inputting a character sequence corresponding to an instant message, modifying previously input characters, transmitting a corresponding instant message (e.g., using a short message service (SMS) or multimedia message service (MMS) protocol for phone-based instant messaging or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messaging), receiving instant messages, and viewing received instant messages. In some embodiments, the transmitted and / or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files, and / or other attachments supported in MMS and / or enhanced messaging services (EMS). As used herein, "instant messaging" refers to both phone-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS).

[0101] In combination with the RF circuit 108, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the contact / motion module 130, the graphics module 132, the text input module 134, the GPS module 135, the map module 154 and the music player module, the fitness support module 142 includes executable instructions for creating a fitness (e.g., with time, distance and / or calorie burn goals); communicating with fitness sensors (sports equipment); receiving fitness sensor data; calibrating sensors for monitoring fitness; selecting and playing music for fitness; and displaying, storing and transmitting fitness data.

[0102] In conjunction with the touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132 and image management module 144, the camera module 143 includes executable instructions for the following operations: capturing still images or videos (including video streams) and storing them in the memory 102, modifying the characteristics of the still images or videos, or deleting the still images or videos from the memory 102.

[0103] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and camera module 143, image management module 144 includes executable instructions for arranging, modifying (e.g., editing), or otherwise manipulating, labeling, deleting, presenting (e.g., in a digital slideshow or album), and storing still images and / or video images.

[0104] In combination with the RF circuit 108, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the touch / motion module 130, the graphics module 132 and the text input module 134, the browser module 147 includes executable instructions for browsing the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.

[0105] In combination with the RF circuit 108, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the touch / motion module 130, the graphics module 132, the text input module 134, the email client module 140 and the browser module 147, the calendar module 148 includes executable instructions for creating, displaying, modifying and storing calendars and data associated with the calendar (e.g., calendar entries, to-do items, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.

[0106] In conjunction with the RF circuit 108, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the contact / motion module 130, the graphics module 132, the text input module 134, and the browser module 147, the desktop widget module 149 is a mini-application that is optionally downloaded and used by the user (e.g., the weather desktop widget 149-1, the stock desktop widget 149-2, the calculator desktop widget 149-3, the alarm desktop widget 149-4, and the dictionary desktop widget 149-5) or a mini-application created by the user (e.g., the user-created desktop widget 149-6). In some embodiments, the desktop widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, the desktop widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., the Yahoo! desktop widget).

[0107] In combination with the RF circuit 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134 and browser module 147, the desktop widget creator module 150 is optionally used by a user to create a desktop widget (e.g., converting a user-specified portion of a web page into a desktop widget).

[0108] In combination with the touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132 and text input module 134, the search module 151 includes executable instructions for searching the memory 102 for text, music, sound, images, videos and / or other files that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions.

[0109] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and music player module 152 includes executable instructions that allow a user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions for displaying, presenting, or otherwise playing back video (e.g., on touch screen 112 or on an external display connected via external port 124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.).

[0110] In conjunction with the touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132 and text input module 134, the notepad module 153 includes executable instructions for creating and managing notes, to-do lists, etc. according to user instructions.

[0111] In combination with the RF circuit 108, the touch screen 112, the display controller 156, the touch / motion module 130, the graphics module 132, the text input module 134, the GPS module 135 and the browser module 147, the map module 154 is optionally used to receive, display, modify and store maps and data associated with the maps (e.g., driving directions, data relating to stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location, and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions.

[0112] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuit 110, speaker 111, RF circuit 108, text input module 134, email client module 140, and browser module 147, online video module 155 includes instructions for performing the following operations: allowing a user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and / or downloading), playback (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external display connected via external port 124), send an email with a link to a specific online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module 141 is used instead of email client module 140 to send a link to a specific online video. Additional descriptions of online video applications can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 936,562, filed on June 20, 2007, entitled “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” and U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 968,067, filed on December 31, 2007, entitled “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0113] Each of the modules and applications described above corresponds to an executable instruction set for performing one or more of the functions described above and the methods described in this patent application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., instruction sets) do not have to be implemented as independent software programs, processes, or modules, so various subsets of these modules are optionally combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. For example, a video player module is optionally combined with a music player module into a single module (e.g., Figure 1A In some embodiments, the memory 102 optionally stores a subset of the above modules and data structures. In addition, the memory 102 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0114] In some embodiments, the device 100 is a device where the operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and / or a touch pad. By using a touch screen and / or a touch pad as the primary input control device for operating the device 100, the number of physical input control devices (e.g., push buttons, dials, etc.) on the device 100 is optionally reduced.

[0115] A predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through the touch screen and / or trackpad optionally includes navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates the device 100 to a main menu, a home menu, or a root menu from any user interface displayed on the device 100. In such embodiments, a "menu button" is implemented using a trackpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device, rather than a trackpad.

[0116] Figure 1B 1 is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event processing according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 102 ( Figure 1A ) or memory 370( Figure 3 ) includes an event classifier 170 (e.g., in the operating system 126) and a corresponding application 136-1 (e.g., any one of the aforementioned applications 137 to 151, 155, 380 to 390).

[0117] Event classifier 170 receives event information and determines the application 136-1 and the application view 191 of application 136-1 to which the event information is to be delivered. Event classifier 170 includes event monitor 171 and event distributor module 174. In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes application internal state 192, which indicates one or more current application views displayed on touch-sensitive display 112 when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device / global internal state 157 is used by event classifier 170 to determine which application(s) is currently active, and application internal state 192 is used by event classifier 170 to determine the application view 191 to which the event information is to be delivered.

[0118] In some embodiments, the application internal state 192 includes additional information, such as one or more of the following: resumption information to be used when the application 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state information indicating that information is being displayed or is ready to be displayed by the application 136-1, a state queue for enabling a user to return to a previous state or view of the application 136-1, and a repeat / undo queue of previous actions taken by the user.

[0119] Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface 118. Event information includes information about sub-events (e.g., user touches on touch-sensitive display 112 as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receives from I / O subsystem 106 or sensors such as proximity sensor 166, one or more accelerometers 168, and / or microphone 113 (through audio circuit 110). The information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I / O subsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or a touch-sensitive surface.

[0120] In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to peripheral device interface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripheral device interface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral device interface 118 transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and / or receiving an input for more than a predetermined duration).

[0121] In some embodiments, the event classifier 170 also includes a hit view determination module 172 and / or an active event identifier determination module 173.

[0122] When the touch-sensitive display 112 displays more than one view, the hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures for determining where within one or more views a sub-event has occurred. A view consists of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display.

[0123] Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes also referred to herein as application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of the respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to a programmatic level within the programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is optionally referred to as a hit view, and the set of events recognized as correct input is optionally determined at least in part based on the hit view of the initial touch that started the touch-based gesture.

[0124] Hit view determination module 172 receives information related to sub-events of touch-based gestures. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172 identifies the hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy where the sub-events should be processed. In most cases, the hit view is the lowest level view in which the initiating sub-event (e.g., the first sub-event in a sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event) occurs. Once a hit view is identified by hit view determination module 172, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view.

[0125] Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which view or views within the view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that all views that include the physical location of the sub-event are actively participating views, and therefore determines that all actively participating views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if a touch sub-event is completely confined to an area associated with one particular view, higher views in the hierarchy will still remain as actively participating views.

[0126] Event distributor module 174 distributes event information to event recognizers (e.g., event recognizers 180). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module 173, event distributor module 174 delivers the event information to the event recognizers determined by active event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments, event distributor module 174 stores the event information in an event queue, which is retrieved by corresponding event receivers 182.

[0127] In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event classifier 170. Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event classifier 170. In yet another embodiment, event classifier 170 is a standalone module or is part of another module stored in memory 102, such as contact / motion module 130.

[0128] In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes multiple event handlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each of which includes instructions for handling touch events occurring within a corresponding view of the user interface of the application. Each application view 191 of application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers 180. Typically, the corresponding application view 191 includes multiple event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more event recognizers in event recognizers 180 are part of an independent module, which is a higher-level object such as a user interface toolkit or application 136-1 from which methods and other properties are inherited. In some embodiments, the corresponding event handler 190 includes one or more of the following: data updater 176, object updater 177, GUI updater 178, and / or event data 179 received from event classifier 170. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or calls data updater 176, object updater 177, or GUI updater 178 to update application internal state 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views in application view 191 include one or more corresponding event handlers 190. In addition, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178 are included in the corresponding application view 191.

[0129] The corresponding event identifier 180 receives event information (e.g., event data 179) from the event classifier 170 and identifies the event based on the event information. The event identifier 180 includes an event receiver 182 and an event comparator 184. In some embodiments, the event identifier 180 also includes metadata 183 and at least a subset of event delivery instructions 188 (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions).

[0130] Event receiver 182 receives event information from event classifier 170. Event information includes information about sub-events such as touch or touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as the location of the sub-event. When the sub-event involves the movement of the touch, the event information optionally also includes the speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, the event includes the device rotating from one orientation to another orientation (for example, from a longitudinal orientation to a transverse orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation of the device (also referred to as the device posture).

[0131] Event comparator 184 compares event information with predefined event or sub-event definitions, and determines an event or sub-event based on the comparison, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 includes event definition 186. Event definition 186 includes the definition of an event (e.g., a predefined sequence of sub-events), such as event 1 (187-1), event 2 (187-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in event (187) include, for example, touch start, touch end, touch move, touch cancel, and multi-touch. In one example, the definition of event 1 (187-1) is a double-click on a displayed object. For example, a double-click includes a first touch (touch start) of a predetermined duration on a displayed object, a first lift-off (touch end) of a predetermined duration, a second touch (touch start) of a predetermined duration on a displayed object, and a second lift-off (touch end) of a predetermined duration. In another example, the definition of event 2 (187-2) is a drag on a displayed object. For example, dragging includes a touch (or contact) of a predetermined duration on a displayed object, movement of the touch on the touch-sensitive display 112, and lifting of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers 190.

[0132] In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes definitions of events for corresponding user interface objects. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view displaying three user interface objects on touch-sensitive display 112, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which of the three user interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a corresponding event handler 190, the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler 190 should be activated. For example, event comparator 184 selects an event handler associated with a sub-event and the object that triggered the hit test.

[0133] In some embodiments, the definition of the corresponding event (187) also includes a delay action that delays the delivery of the event information until it has been determined that the sub-event sequence does or does not correspond to the event type of the event identifier.

[0134] When a corresponding event recognizer 180 determines that a sequence of sub-events does not match any event in event definition 186, the corresponding event recognizer 180 enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture are ignored. In this case, other event recognizers (if any) that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of the ongoing touch-based gesture.

[0135] In some embodiments, the corresponding event recognizers 180 include metadata 183 with configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively participating event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact or can interact with each other. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to different levels in a view or programmatic hierarchy.

[0136] In some embodiments, when one or more specific sub-events of an event are identified, the corresponding event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the event. In some embodiments, the corresponding event recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with the event to the event handler 190. Activating the event handler 190 is different from sending (and deferred sending) the sub-events to the corresponding hit view. In some embodiments, the event recognizer 180 throws a tag associated with the identified event, and the event handler 190 associated with the tag obtains the tag and performs a predefined process.

[0137] In some embodiments, the event delivery instructions 188 include a sub-event delivery instruction that delivers event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instruction delivers the event information to an event handler associated with a sub-event sequence or to an actively participating view. The event handler associated with the sub-event sequence or with an actively participating view receives the event information and performs a predetermined process.

[0138] In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used in application 136-1. For example, data updater 176 updates phone numbers used in contact module 137 or stores video files used in video player module. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates and updates objects used in application 136-1. For example, object updater 177 creates new user interface objects or updates the position of user interface objects. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater 178 prepares display information and sends the display information to graphics module 132 for display on a touch-sensitive display.

[0139] In some embodiments, event handler 190 includes or has access to data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In some embodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178 are included in a single module of the corresponding application 136-1 or application view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules.

[0140] It should be understood that the above discussion of event processing of user touches on a touch-sensitive display also applies to other forms of user input that utilize input devices to operate the multifunction device 100, and not all user input is initiated on the touch screen. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally in conjunction with single or multiple keyboard presses or hold; contact movement on a touch pad, such as tapping, dragging, scrolling, etc.; stylus input; movement of the device; verbal commands; detected eye movement; biometric input; and / or any combination thereof are optionally used as input corresponding to sub-events defining the event to be recognized.

[0141] Figure 2A portable multifunction device 100 with a touch screen 112 according to some embodiments is shown. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within a user interface (UI) 200. In this embodiment and other embodiments described below, a user can select one or more of these graphics by, for example, making gestures on the graphics using one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics will occur when the user interrupts contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, gestures optionally include one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, from right to left, up and / or down) and / or rolling of fingers that have been in contact with the device 100 (from right to left, from left to right, up and / or down). In some specific implementations or in some cases, inadvertent contact with a graphic will not select the graphic. For example, when the gesture corresponding to the selection is a tap, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application.

[0142] The device 100 optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as a "home" or menu button 204. As previously described, the menu button 204 is optionally used to navigate to any application 136 in a set of applications that are optionally executed on the device 100. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on the touch screen 112.

[0143] In some embodiments, the device 100 includes a touch screen 112, a menu button 204, a push button 206 for turning the device on / off and for locking the device, one or more volume adjustment buttons 208, a user identity module (SIM) card slot 210, an earphone jack 212, and a docking / charging external port 124. The push button 206 is optionally used to turn the device on / off by pressing the button and keeping the button in a pressed state for a predefined time interval; lock the device by pressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval passes; and / or unlock the device or initiate an unlocking process. In an alternative embodiment, the device 100 also accepts voice input for activating or deactivating certain functions through a microphone 113. The device 100 also optionally includes one or more contact strength sensors 165 for detecting the strength of contact on the touch screen 112, and / or one or more tactile output generators 167 for generating tactile output for a user of the device 100.

[0144] Figure 3300 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface according to some embodiments. The device 300 does not have to be portable. In some embodiments, the device 300 is a laptop, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a children's learning toy), a game system, or a control device (e.g., a home controller or an industrial controller). The device 300 typically includes one or more processing units (CPUs) 310, one or more network or other communication interfaces 360, a memory 370, and one or more communication buses 320 for interconnecting these components. The communication bus 320 optionally includes circuits (sometimes referred to as a chipset) that interconnect system components and control communications between system components. The device 300 includes an input / output (I / O) interface 330 with a display 340, which is typically a touch screen display. The I / O interface 330 also optionally includes a keyboard and / or a mouse (or other pointing device) 350 and a touchpad 355, a tactile output generator 357 for generating tactile output on the device 300 (e.g., similar to the above reference Figure 1A The tactile output generator 167 described above), sensor 359 (e.g., optical sensor, acceleration sensor, proximity sensor, touch sensor and / or contact intensity sensor (similar to the above reference Figure 1A The memory 370 may include a high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state memory devices; and may optionally include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. The memory 370 may optionally include one or more storage devices located away from the CPU 310. In some embodiments, the memory 370 stores data related to the portable multifunction device 100 ( Figure 1A ) or a subset thereof. In addition, memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores a drawing module 380, a presentation module 382, ​​a word processing module 384, a website creation module 386, a disk editing module 388, and / or a spreadsheet module 390, while portable multifunction device 100 ( Figure 1A )'s memory 102 optionally does not store these modules.

[0145] Figure 3Each element in the above-mentioned elements in is optionally stored in one or more memory devices of the previously mentioned memory device. Each module in the above-mentioned modules corresponds to the instruction set for performing the above-mentioned functions. The above-mentioned modules or programs (e.g., instruction sets) do not have to be implemented as independent software programs, processes or modules, and therefore the various subsets of these modules are optionally combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 370 optionally stores the subset of the above-mentioned modules and data structures. In addition, memory 370 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0146] Attention is now turned to an embodiment of a user interface that is optionally implemented on, for example, portable multifunction device 100.

[0147] Figure 4A An exemplary user interface of an application menu on portable multifunction device 100 according to some embodiments is shown. A similar user interface is optionally implemented on device 300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:

[0148] One or more signal strength indicators 402 of one or more wireless communications such as cellular signals and Wi-Fi signals;

[0149] Time 404;

[0150] Bluetooth indicator 405;

[0151] Battery status indicator 406;

[0152] A tray 408 with icons for commonly used applications, such as:

[0153] o An icon 416 of the phone module 138 labeled "Phone," the icon 416 optionally including an indicator 414 of the number of missed calls or voice messages;

[0154] o an icon 418 of the email client module 140 labeled “Mail”, the icon 418 optionally including an indicator 410 of the number of unread emails;

[0155] o An icon 420 labeled "Browser" of the browser module 147; and

[0156] o An icon 422 labeled “iPod” for a video and music player module 152 (also referred to as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152); and

[0157] Icons for other apps, such as:

[0158] o Icon 424 labeled "Message" of IM module 141;

[0159] o An icon 426 labeled “Calendar” of the calendar module 148;

[0160] o Icon 428 labeled “Photos” of the image management module 144;

[0161] o An icon 430 labeled “Camera” of the camera module 143;

[0162] ○ Icon 432 labeled “Online Video” of the online video module 155;

[0163] ○ Icon 434 labeled “Stock Market” of the Stock Market Desktop Applet 149-2;

[0164] o An icon 436 labeled “Map” of the map module 154;

[0165] ○ Icon 438 labeled “Weather” of the Weather widget 149-1;

[0166] ○ Icon 440 labeled as “Clock” of the alarm clock desktop applet 149-4;

[0167] o An icon 442 labeled “Fitness Support” of the fitness support module 142;

[0168] o An icon 444 labeled "Notepad" of the Notepad module 153; and

[0169] o An icon 446 labeled “Settings” for a settings application or module that provides access to settings for the device 100 and its various applications 136 .

[0170] It should be noted that Figure 4A The icon labels shown in are exemplary only. For example, icon 422 of video and music player module 152 is labeled "Music" or "Music Player". Other labels are optionally used for various application icons. In some embodiments, the label of a corresponding application icon includes the name of the application corresponding to the corresponding application icon. In some embodiments, the label of a particular application icon is different from the name of the application corresponding to the particular application icon.

[0171] Figure 4B A touch-sensitive surface 451 (eg, touch screen display 112) is shown having a touch-sensitive surface 451 (eg, Figure 3 tablet computer or touch pad 355) device (e.g., Figure 3Device 300 also optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 359) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 451 and / or one or more tactile output generators 357 for generating tactile output for a user of device 300.

[0172] Although some of the examples below are given with reference to input on a touch screen display 112 (where a touch-sensitive surface and a display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects input on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, such as Figure 4B In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Figure 4B 451) has a main axis (e.g., Figure 4B 453) corresponding to the principal axis (for example, Figure 4B According to these embodiments, the device detects a position corresponding to a corresponding position on the display (e.g., Figure 4B 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470) with touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., Figure 4B Thus, when the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Figure 4B 451) and a display of a multi-function device (e.g., Figure 4B When the user input detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., contacts 460 and 462 and their movement) is separated, the device is used to manipulate the user interface on the display. It should be understood that similar methods are optionally used for other user interfaces described herein.

[0173] In addition, although the following examples are primarily given with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, single-finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that in some embodiments, one or more of these finger inputs are replaced by input from another input device (e.g., mouse-based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is optionally replaced by a mouse click (e.g., instead of contact), followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is optionally replaced by a mouse click when the cursor is over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detecting contact, followed by ceasing to detect contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are detected simultaneously, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are optionally used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contact are optionally used simultaneously.

[0174] Figure 5AAn exemplary personal electronic device 500 is shown. Device 500 includes a body 502. In some embodiments, device 500 may include a body 502 relative to devices 100 and 300 (e.g., Figures 1A to 4B ) some or all of the features described in the foregoing. In some embodiments, device 500 has a touch-sensitive display screen 504, referred to hereinafter as touch screen 504. As an alternative or in addition to touch screen 504, device 500 has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. As with devices 100 and 300, in some embodiments, touch screen 504 (or touch-sensitive surface) optionally includes one or more strength sensors for detecting the intensity of contact (e.g., touch) applied. One or more strength sensors of touch screen 504 (or touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data representing the intensity of touch. The user interface of device 500 can respond to touch based on the intensity of the touch, which means that touches of different intensities can invoke different user interface operations on device 500.

[0175] Exemplary techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity are found, for example, in the following related patent applications: International Patent Application Serial No. PCT / US2013 / 040061, filed on May 8, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,” published as WIPO Patent Publication No. WO / 2013 / 169849; and International Patent Application Serial No. PCT / US2013 / 069483, filed on November 11, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,” published as WIPO Patent Publication No. WO / 2014 / 105276, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0176] In some embodiments, the device 500 has one or more input mechanisms 506 and 508. The input mechanisms 506 and 508 (if included) can be physical. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some embodiments, the device 500 has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms (if included) can allow the device 500 to be attached to, for example, hats, glasses, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watchbands, bracelets, pants, belts, shoes, wallets, backpacks, etc. These attachment mechanisms allow the user to wear the device 500.

[0177] Figure 5B An exemplary personal electronic device 500 is shown. In some embodiments, the device 500 may include a reference Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 3 Some or all of the components described. Device 500 has a bus 512 that operatively couples an I / O portion 514 to one or more computer processors 516 and a memory 518. I / O portion 514 may be connected to a display 504, which may have a touch-sensitive component 522 and optionally a strength sensor 524 (e.g., a contact strength sensor). In addition, I / O portion 514 may be connected to a communication unit 530 for receiving application and operating system data using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular and / or other wireless communication technologies. Device 500 may include input mechanisms 506 and / or 508. For example, input mechanism 506 is optionally a rotatable input device or a depressible input device and a rotatable input device. In some examples, input mechanism 508 is optionally a button.

[0178] In some examples, input mechanism 508 is optionally a microphone. Personal electronic device 500 optionally includes various sensors, such as GPS sensor 532, accelerometer 534, orientation sensor 540 (e.g., compass), gyroscope 536, motion sensor 538, and / or combinations thereof, all of which are operably connected to I / O portion 514.

[0179] The memory 518 of the personal electronic device 500 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media for storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more computer processors 516, may cause the computer processors to perform the techniques described below, including process 900 ( 9A to 9C). Computer-readable storage media can be any medium that can tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for use by or in conjunction with instruction execution systems, devices, and apparatuses. In some embodiments, the storage medium is a transient computer-readable storage medium. In some embodiments, the storage medium is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, and / or semiconductor storage devices. Examples of such storage devices include magnetic disks, optical disks based on CD, DVD, or Blu-ray technology, and persistent solid-state memories such as flash memory, solid-state drives, and the like. Personal electronic device 500 is not limited to Figure 5B components and configurations, but may include other components or additional components in a variety of configurations.

[0180] As used herein, the term "indicative representation" refers to an optional feature of the apparatus 100, 300, and / or 500 ( Figure 1A , Figure 3 and FIG. 5A to FIG. 5B ) is a user-interactive graphical user interface object displayed on a display screen of a computer. For example, an image (e.g., an icon), a button, and text (e.g., a hyperlink) optionally each constitute an affordance.

[0181] As used herein, the term "focus selector" refers to an input element used to indicate the current portion of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other position marker, the cursor acts as a "focus selector" such that when the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), a focus selector is displayed on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Figure 3 Touchpad 355 or Figure 4B In the event that an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on the touch-sensitive surface 451 in the display, the particular user interface element is adjusted according to the detected input. In the case that a touch-screen display (e.g., Figure 1A A touch-sensitive display system 112 or Figure 4AIn some implementations of the touch screen 112 in FIG. 1 , a contact detected on the touch screen acts as a “focus selector” such that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected at the location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element) on the touch screen display, the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations, the focus moves from one area of ​​the user interface to another area of ​​the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on the touch screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move the focus from one button to another); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with the movement of the focus between different areas of the user interface. Regardless of the specific form the focus selector takes, the focus selector is typically a user interface element (or contact on the touch screen display) that is controlled by the user to deliver the user's intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating to the device the element of the user interface with which the user desires to interact). For example, when a press input is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a trackpad or touch screen), the position of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, contact, or selection box) over a corresponding button will indicate that the user intends to activate the corresponding button (rather than other user interface elements shown on the device display).

[0182] As used in the specification and claims, the term "characteristic intensity" of a contact refers to a characteristic of a contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is optionally based on a predefined number of intensity samples or a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05 seconds, 0.1 seconds, 0.2 seconds, 0.5 seconds, 1 second, 2 seconds, 5 seconds, 10 seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after contact is detected, before contact is detected to be lifted off, before or after contact starts to move, before contact ends, before or after contact intensity is detected to increase, and / or before or after contact intensity is detected to decrease). The characteristic intensity of a contact is optionally based on one or more of the following: the maximum value of the intensity of the contact, the mean value of the intensity of the contact, the average value of the intensity of the contact, the value at the top 10% of the intensity of the contact, the half-maximum value of the intensity of the contact, the 90% maximum value of the intensity of the contact, etc. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used when determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is the average value of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the feature strength is compared to a set of one or more strength thresholds to determine whether the user has performed an operation. For example, the set of one or more strength thresholds optionally includes a first strength threshold and a second strength threshold. In this example, a contact whose feature strength does not exceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact whose feature strength exceeds the first strength threshold but does not exceed the second strength threshold results in a second operation, and a contact whose feature strength exceeds the second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments, a comparison between the feature strength and one or more thresholds is used to determine whether to perform one or more operations (e.g., whether to perform the corresponding operation or to abandon the corresponding operation) rather than to determine whether to perform the first operation or the second operation.

[0183] In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for determining characteristic strength. For example, the touch-sensitive surface optionally receives a continuous swipe contact that transitions from a starting position and reaches an end position, where the contact strength increases. In this example, the characteristic strength of the contact at the end position is optionally based only on a portion of the continuous swipe contact, rather than the entire swipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the end position). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm is optionally applied to the strength of the swipe contact before determining the characteristic strength of the contact. For example, a smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of the following: an unweighted sliding average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and / or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some cases, these smoothing algorithms eliminate narrow peaks or depressions in the strength of the swipe contact to achieve the purpose of determining the characteristic strength.

[0184] The intensity of contact on the touch-sensitive surface is optionally characterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds such as a contact detection intensity threshold, a light press intensity threshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and / or one or more other intensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform an operation typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or touchpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform an operation different from the operation typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or touchpad. In some embodiments, when a contact having a characteristic intensity lower than the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and higher than a nominal contact detection intensity threshold, contacts lower than the nominal contact detection intensity threshold are no longer detected) is detected, the device will move the focus selector according to the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally speaking, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different groups of user interface illustrations.

[0185] An increase in contact feature intensity from an intensity below a light press intensity threshold to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a "light press" input. An increase in contact feature intensity from an intensity below a deep press intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a "deep press" input. An increase in contact feature intensity from an intensity below a contact detection intensity threshold to an intensity between the contact detection intensity threshold and the light press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting contact on the touch surface. A decrease in contact feature intensity from an intensity above the contact detection intensity threshold to an intensity below the contact detection intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting contact lifted from the touch surface. In some embodiments, the contact detection intensity threshold is zero. In some embodiments, the contact detection intensity threshold is greater than zero.

[0186] In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a corresponding press input or in response to detecting a corresponding press input performed using a corresponding contact (or multiple contacts), wherein the corresponding press input is detected at least in part based on detecting that the strength of the contact (or multiple contacts) increases to above a press input strength threshold. In some embodiments, the corresponding operation is performed in response to detecting that the strength of the corresponding contact increases to above the press input strength threshold (e.g., a "down stroke" of the corresponding press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in the strength of the corresponding contact to above the press input strength threshold and the strength of the contact subsequently decreases to below the press input strength threshold, and the corresponding operation is performed in response to detecting that the strength of the corresponding contact subsequently decreases to below the press input threshold (e.g., an "up stroke" of the corresponding press input).

[0187] In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid unexpected inputs sometimes referred to as "jitter," where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold that has a predefined relationship to a press input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press input intensity threshold, or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable proportion of the press input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, a press input includes an increase in the intensity of the corresponding contact to above the press input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in the intensity of the contact to below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press input intensity threshold, and a corresponding operation is performed in response to detecting that the intensity of the corresponding contact subsequently decreases to below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an "upward stroke" of the corresponding press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, a press input is detected only when the device detects that the contact intensity increases from an intensity equal to or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity equal to or above the press input intensity threshold and, optionally, that the contact intensity subsequently decreases to an intensity equal to or below the hysteresis intensity, and a corresponding operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., an increase in contact intensity or a decrease in contact intensity, depending on the circumstances).

[0188] For ease of explanation, optionally, a description of an operation performed in response to a press input associated with a press input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including a press input is triggered in response to detecting any of the following: contact intensity increasing to above the press input intensity threshold, contact intensity increasing from an intensity below a hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press input intensity threshold, contact intensity decreasing to below the press input intensity threshold, and / or contact intensity decreasing to below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting that the intensity of the contact decreases below the press input intensity threshold, the operation is optionally performed in response to detecting that the intensity of the contact decreases below a hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to and is less than the press input intensity threshold.

[0189] As used herein, an "installed application" refers to a software application that has been downloaded to an electronic device (e.g., device 100, 300, and / or 500) and is ready to be launched (e.g., become open) on the device. In some embodiments, a downloaded application becomes an installed application using an installer that extracts program portions from a downloaded software package and integrates the extracted portions with the operating system of a computer system.

[0190] As used herein, the term "open application" or "executing application" refers to a software application that has retained state information (e.g., as part of device / global internal state 157 and / or application internal state 192). An open or executing application is optionally any of the following types of applications:

[0191] The active application currently displayed on the display of the device on which the application is being used;

[0192] Background applications (or background processes), which are not currently displayed but one or more processes of the application are being processed by one or more processors; and

[0193] - A suspended or dormant application that is not running but has state information stored in memory (volatile and non-volatile, respectively) and can be used to resume execution of the application.

[0194] As used herein, the term "closed application" refers to a software application that does not have retained state information (e.g., the state information of a closed application is not stored in the memory of the device). Therefore, closing an application includes stopping and / or removing the application process of the application and removing the state information of the application from the memory of the device. Generally speaking, when in a first application, opening a second application does not close the first application. When the second application is displayed and the first application stops being displayed, the first application becomes a background application.

[0195] Attention is now turned to embodiments of a user interface ("UI") and associated processes implemented on an electronic device, such as portable multifunction device 100, device 300, or device 500.

[0196] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6K , 7A to 7D and FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C illustrative techniques for audio-assisted biometric enrollment according to some embodiments are shown. The techniques in these figures are used to illustrate the process described below, including 9A to 9C In general, FIG. 6A to FIG. 6K , 7A to 7D and FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C Embodiments illustrate the use of spatial audio techniques (e.g., techniques for simulating and / or controlling sound localization (e.g., as perceived by a user)) to simulate audio generated from various locations, including locations different from the location of an electronic device that outputs the audio. In some embodiments, spatial audio is generated based on one or more functions such as a head-related transfer function, an interaural time difference function, and a cross cancellation function. In some embodiments, spatial audio is generated based on one or more environments (e.g., ambient noise), device contexts (e.g., orientation of the device, movement of the device, or current audio playback state of the device), or user-specific parameters (e.g., user orientation relative to the device, user location / distance from the device).

[0197] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6G Device 600 (a smart phone) is shown (at the top) displaying a biometric enrollment interface 604 on a display 602. Device 600 also includes a biometric sensor 606, a first speaker 608, and a second speaker 610 positioned along a bottom edge of device 600. In some embodiments, device 600 also includes one or more features of device 100, device 300, or device 500.

[0198] In some embodiments, the biometric sensor 606 includes one or more cameras, such as a visible light camera, a depth camera, such as an infrared camera, a thermal imaging camera, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the device also includes a light emitting device (e.g., a light projector), such as an IR floodlight, a structured light projector, or a combination thereof. Optionally, the light emitting device is used to illuminate the object during the image capture by the visible light camera and the depth camera (e.g., an IR camera), and the information from the depth camera and the visible light camera is used to determine the depth map of different parts of the object captured by the visible light camera. In some embodiments, the depth map (e.g., a depth map image) contains information (e.g., a value) related to the distance of the object in the scene from the viewpoint (e.g., a camera). In one embodiment of the depth map, each depth pixel defines the position of its corresponding two-dimensional pixel in the Z axis of the viewpoint. In some examples, the depth map consists of pixels, each of which is defined by a value (e.g., 0 to 255). For example, a "0" value represents the pixel farthest from the viewpoint (e.g., camera) in the "three-dimensional" scene, and a "255" value represents the pixel closest to the viewpoint in the "three-dimensional" scene. In other examples, the depth map represents the distance between objects in the scene and the plane of the viewpoint. In some embodiments, the depth map includes information about the relative depths of various features of the object of interest in the field of view of the depth camera (e.g., the relative depths of the eyes, nose, mouth, ears of the user's face). In some embodiments, the depth map includes information that enables the device to determine the outline of the object of interest in the z direction. In some embodiments, the lighting effects described herein are displayed using parallax information from two cameras (e.g., two visible light cameras) for backward images, and the depth information from the depth camera is combined with the image data from the visible light camera for forward images (e.g., selfie images). In some embodiments, the same user interface is used when the depth information is determined using two visible light cameras and when the depth information is determined using a depth camera, thereby providing a consistent experience for the user even when the information used to produce the lighting effect is determined using completely different technologies. In some embodiments, while displaying a camera user interface with one of the lighting effects applied, the device detects selection of a camera switching indicator and switches from a front-facing camera (e.g., a depth camera and a visible light camera) to a rearward-facing camera (e.g., two visible light cameras spaced apart from each other) (or vice versa) while maintaining display of user interface controls for applying the lighting effect and replacing the field of view display of the front-facing camera with the field of view of the rearward-facing camera (or vice versa).

[0199] in addition, FIG. 6A to FIG. 6G(At the bottom) a top view 601 of a user 603 interacting with the device 600 at the same point in time is shown, as well as a top view of the device 600. As seen in the top view, the user 603 is positioned a distance D from the device 600, with the display of the device 600 facing the user 603. In some embodiments, the device 600 uses data from at least a depth camera of the biometric sensor 606 to determine the distance D. The top view 601 is not part of any user interface of the device 600. Similarly, visual elements displayed outside of the display 602 of the device 600 are not part of the displayed user interface, but are shown to provide the reader with a better understanding of the technology described herein.

[0200] exist Fig. 6A At , the device 600 displays a biometric registration interface 604 on the display 602, which is a user interface for facilitating biometric registration of one or more parts of the user 603 (e.g., for later use in the biometric registration technology). The biometric registration interface 604 includes a user image 612a, a progress meter 614, and the progress meter includes progress scales 614a and 614b depicting the biometric registration status. Fig. 6A , the upper portion (scale 614b) and lower portion of the progress meter 614 are darkened, indicating that certain portions of the user's face (e.g., the upper and lower portions of the user's face) have been successfully captured as part of the overall enrollment process. In contrast, the left portion (scale 614a) and right portion of the progress meter 614 remain undarkened / unfilled, indicating that the left and right portions of the user's face remain uncaptured. The biometric interface 604 also includes text 616 to guide the user through the actions required to complete the biometric enrollment process.

[0201] In display Fig. 6A , device 600 detects that user face 605 is in an orientation relative to biometric sensor 606 that does not meet the enrollment criteria (e.g., face 605 is not oriented to allow capture of the right portion of the user's face). Device 600 continues to generate both audio and visual prompts to further guide the user in the biometric authentication process, such as Figure 6B In some embodiments, device 600 generates audio and visual prompts only after device 600 detects that the user maintains an orientation that does not meet the registration criteria for at least a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 seconds).

[0202] exist Figure 6BAt , device 600 displays a movement prompt 618a on display 602 along with text 616b (e.g., an animation guiding user 603 to turn his head to the left to allow the right part of his face to be captured). Device 600 also outputs directional haptics 622a via one or more haptic actuators. At the same time, device 600 outputs spatial audio 620a in a (e.g., first) audio production mode, which is initially calculated to simulate the spatial audio from position D. I (initial position calculated by the device) The audio produced, position D I Located to the left of the actual position of the device 600 (including the positions of the integrated speakers 608 and 610 of the device 600) and at an angle θD based on the center line between the user 603 and the device 600 I , as seen in top view 601. In some embodiments, position D is determined based on a target orientation of the user's face that will allow capture of a portion of the user's face (e.g., the right portion) required for successful biometric registration. I However, due to one or more environmental (e.g., ambient noise), device context (e.g., orientation of the device, movement of the device, or current audio playback state of the device), or user-specific factors (e.g., user orientation relative to the device, user location / distance from the device, specific physiological characteristics of user 603 (e.g., shape of the user's ears and / or head)), user 603 positions audio 620a as being from position U I (the initial position perceived by the user) is generated, and this position U I With position D I Spaced apart and at an angle θU based on the centerline between the user 603 and the device 600 I .like Figure 6B As seen, angle θU I Less than angle θD I .

[0203] exist Figure 6C Based on the user's perception of the positioning of audio 620a, user 603 turns his head to the left so that the center line of his head is aligned with position U I Alignment. Device 600 detects, via biometric sensor 606, that the orientation of the user's face has changed relative to device 600, and in response, updates the display of user image 612b to reflect the change in orientation and partially fills in scale 614a indicating partial progress toward the corresponding portion (e.g., right) of the registered user's face. However, because angle θU I Less than angle θD I , so the user's face is not properly oriented to complete the capture of the right part of the user's face. In some embodiments, after detecting (e.g., via biometric sensor 606) that the user has kept the user's face away from θD IAfter the repositioning orientation is aligned (e.g., after generating audio 620a), thereby satisfying the feedback criteria, the device 600 adjusts one or more characteristics of the audio output to generate adjusted audio 620b, which is calculated to simulate the audio output from position D. A (It is the same as position D I The audio produced by the same position) is A will be with user 603 at position U A In some embodiments, the audio 620b is based at least in part on the angle θD I and angle θU I The spatial audio may be adjusted based on the calibration data to generate subsequent spatial audio.

[0204] exist Fig.6D At position D, device 600 is producing adjusted audio 620b in the (eg, third) audio production mode, the adjusted audio being calculated as being at position D A and is perceived by the user as being located at position U A and user 603 has oriented his head so that the centerline of his head is aligned with position D A / U A When the device 600 is producing audio 620b, the device 600 detects via the biometric sensor 606 that the user's head is oriented so that the centerline of the user's head is at an angle θD A / θU A。Based on the orientation of the right portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria (e.g., at a desired angle relative to the biometric sensor 606), the device 600 stores image data (e.g., visible light image data and depth map image data) corresponding to the right portion of the user's face captured using the biometric sensor 606. Further based on the orientation of the right portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria, the device 600 fills the scale 614a and displays the text 616c, and outputs a tactile sensation 622b (e.g., a tactile sensation that is different (e.g., stronger and non-directional) from the tactile sensation 622a), indicating that the right portion of the user's face has been successfully captured. The device 600 updates the display of the user image 612c to reflect the detected orientation change. In some embodiments, further based on the orientation of the right portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria, the device 600 outputs spatial audio in a (e.g., second) audio generation mode, which is (initially) calculated to simulate audio generated from a position to the right of the actual position of the device 600 to guide the user 603 to orient their face in a position that allows the left portion of the user's face to be captured and registered. In some embodiments, spatial audio is generated after the orientation of the right portion of the user's face satisfies the registration criteria, but not based thereon. For example, spatial audio is generated after the device 600 detects that the user maintains an orientation that does not satisfy the registration criteria (e.g., the registration criteria for the left portion of the user's face) for at least a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 seconds) after the right portion of the user's face has been successfully captured.

[0205] exist Fig. 6E At , device 600 displays movement prompt 618b on display 602 along with text 616d (e.g., an animation directing user 603 to turn his head to the right to allow the left portion of his face to be captured). Device 600 also outputs directional haptics 622b via one or more haptic actuators. At the same time, device 600 outputs spatial audio 620c in a (second) audio production mode, which is calculated to simulate the spatial audio from position D. I (the initial position calculated by the device) produces audio, which is at position D I Located to the right of the actual position of the device 600 (including the positions of the integrated speakers 608 and 610 of the device 600) and at an angle θD based on the center line between the user 603 and the device 600 I , as seen in top view 601. Fig. 6E In the embodiment of FIG. 6 , device 600 generates spatial audio 620b using calibration data obtained from the adjustment of spatial audio 620a to generate spatial audio 620c. Therefore, spatial audio 620c is perceived by user 603 to be positioned at a position corresponding to position D I Location I at (e.g., corresponding without further adjustment).

[0206] exist Fig. 6FAt , device 600 detects via biometric sensor 606 that user 603 has turned his head to the right (e.g., turned his head so as to be oriented at the perceived location of audio 620c). In response to the detected orientation change, device 600 updates the display of user image 612d to reflect the orientation change and partially fills scale 614b, thereby indicating partial progress toward the corresponding portion of the registered user's face (e.g., the left portion). Device 600 continues to generate audio 620c and directional haptics 622c.

[0207] Just Figure 6G Previously, the device 600 remained in the second audio generation mode and continued to generate spatial audio 620c. Figure 6G At 620c, when the device 600 is generating audio 620c, the device 600 detects via the biometric sensor 606 that the user's head is oriented such that the center line of the user's head is at an angle θD A / θU A . Based on the orientation of the left portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria (e.g., at a desired angle relative to the biometric sensor 606), the device 600 stores image data (e.g., visible light image data and depth map image data) corresponding to the left portion of the user's face captured using the biometric sensor 606. Further based on the orientation of the left portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria, the device 600 fills the scale 614b and displays text 616d, and outputs a tactile sensation 622d (e.g., a non-directional tactile sensation different from tactile sensation 622c) indicating that the left portion of the user's face has been successfully captured. The device 600 updates the display of the user image 612e to reflect the detected orientation change.

[0208] exist Figure 6H At , the device 600 determines that the overall enrollment criteria are met (e.g., all required portions of the user's face have been successfully captured) and displays text 616e, thereby signaling that biometric enrollment of the user's face was successfully completed.

[0209] Fig.6I Depicts that after successful biometric registration of a user's face (e.g., Figure 6H A user interacting with device 600 at a point in time (after). Figure 6J 6 illustrates the user interface of device 600 when user 603 interacts with device 600. Figure 6JAs shown, device 600 displays a lock image 624 indicating that device 600 is in a locked state (e.g., a state in which one or more functions of the device are inaccessible (e.g., inaccessible before authentication is provided)). Device 600 determines that authentication criteria are met (e.g., detecting the presence of user 603 via biometric sensor 606, detecting a change in orientation of the device (e.g., from a lowered position to a raised position), or detecting a touch on touch-sensitive display 602), and performs a biometric authentication check using data captured by biometric sensor 606.

[0210] exist Figure 6K At , device 600 determines that the data captured by biometric sensor 606 matches the stored authorized biometric data (e.g., user 603 is confirmed to be performing 6A to 6H 603) and unlocks, as indicated by the updated display of lock image 624b. User 603 is now free to access previously inaccessible features of device 600.

[0211] 7A to 7D Depicted with 6A to 6H The biometric enrollment process shares some similarities with the biometric enrollment process. 6A to 6H Compared with user 603, 7A to 7D User 703 is wearing a wireless headset 707 that is operably connected to device 600 (e.g., via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular, and / or other wireless communication technologies). Device 600 detects the connection to headset 707 and configures audio (including spatial audio associated with biometric enrollment) to be output via headset 707 instead of device speakers 608 and 610. 7A to 7D In an embodiment of the present invention, the earphone 707 includes a plurality of speakers and one or more physiological sensors that determine characteristics of the user 703 (e.g., the shape of the user's ears and / or head) that affect the perceived positioning of the spatial audio and transmit information that can be used to calibrate the spatial audio signal to the device 600. The earphone 707 also includes one or more accelerometers that are configured to detect changes in the orientation and position of the earphone 707 and transmit information that can be used to determine changes in the orientation and position of the earphone relative to the position of the device 600 to the device 600.

[0212] In display Fig. 7A, which includes a biometric registration interface 704, the biometric registration interface including a user image 712a, text 716a, a progress meter 714, the progress meter including progress scales 714a and 714b depicting the status of the biometric registration, the device 600 detects that the user's face 705 is in an orientation that does not meet the registration criteria relative to the biometric sensor 606 (for example, the face 605 is not oriented to allow the left portion of the user's face to be captured). The device 600 continues to generate both audio and visual prompts to further guide the user in the biometric authentication process, such as Figure 7B In some embodiments, device 600 generates audio and visual prompts only after device 600 detects that the user maintains an orientation that does not meet the registration criteria for at least a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 seconds).

[0213] exist Figure 7B At , device 600 displays movement prompt 718a on display 602 along with text 716b (e.g., an animation guiding user 703 to turn his head to the right to allow the left part of his face to be captured). Device 600 also outputs directional haptics 722a via one or more haptic actuators. At the same time, device 600 outputs spatial audio 720a in a (e.g., first) audio production mode, which is calculated to simulate the spatial audio from position D I (the initial position calculated by the device) produces audio, which is at position D I Located to the right of the actual position of the device 600 and at an angle θD based on the center line between the user 703 and the device 600 I , as seen in top view 701. In some embodiments, position D is determined based on a target orientation of the user's face that will allow capture of a portion of the user's face (e.g., the left portion) required for successful biometric registration. I .exist Figure 7B In the embodiment of the present invention, the device 600 generates the spatial audio 720a using calibration data obtained from the physiological sensors of the earphone 707. Therefore, the spatial audio 720a is perceived by the user 703 as being located at a position corresponding to the position D. I Location I at (e.g., corresponding without further adjustment).

[0214] exist Figure 7CAt , device 600 detects, via biometric sensor 606, that user 703 has turned his head to the right (e.g., turned his head so as to be oriented at the perceived location of audio 720a). In response to the detected orientation change, device 600 updates the display of user image 712b to reflect the orientation change and partially fills scale 714b to indicate partial progress toward the corresponding portion of the registered user's face (e.g., the left portion). Device 600 continues to generate audio 720a and directional haptics 714a. Figure 7C As shown, because user 703 is wearing headphones 707, a change in the orientation of the user's head relative to device 600 results in a corresponding change in the orientation of headphones 707 relative to device 600. Therefore, before the orientation of the user's head changes, spatial audio 720a will be perceived by the user as being located at position U I At this position U I exist Fig. 7A Location I Therefore, the user's head will be at an angle θU relative to the center line between the user 703 and the device 600. I , which is greater than Figure 7B θU I and is greater than the registered optimal angle for the left side of the user's face. To avoid a phenomenon in which the simulated position of the spatial audio shifts (e.g., continuously or intermittently) as the orientation of the user's head changes, the device 600 adjusts or modulates the spatial audio (e.g., while remaining in the first audio generation mode) to produce adjusted spatial audio 720b. In some embodiments, the device 600 adjusts the spatial audio based on accelerometer data received from the headset 707 and / or based on data captured via the biometric sensor 606 to reflect changes in the orientation of the user's head and the headset 707. Figure 7C In the example, the adjusted spatial audio 720b simulates the Figure 7B Location D I Matching position D A In some embodiments, when further changes in the orientation of the user's head are detected, device 600 continues (e.g., continuously or intermittently) to adjust or modulate the spatial audio.

[0215] exist Fig.7D At , device 600 is outputting spatial audio 720c, which is adjusted spatial audio that is perceptually positioned by the user as being directly in front of the user, while the user's head is at an angle θU A When the device 600 is generating audio 720c, the device 600 detects via the biometric sensor 606 that the user's head is oriented such that the centerline of the user's head is at an angle θU A. Based on the orientation of the left portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria (e.g., at a desired angle relative to the biometric sensor 606), the device 600 stores image data (e.g., visible light image data and depth map image data) corresponding to the left portion of the user's face captured using the biometric sensor 606. Further based on the orientation of the left portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria, the device 600 fills the scale 714b and displays text 716c, and outputs a tactile sensation 722b (e.g., a tactile sensation that is different from (e.g., stronger and non-directional) than the tactile sensation 722a), thereby indicating that the left portion of the user's face has been successfully captured. The device 600 updates the display of the user image 712c to reflect the detected orientation change. In some embodiments, biometric authentication continues until all desired portions of the user's face are registered.

[0216] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C Depicted with 6A to 6H and 7A to Fig.7D The biometric enrollment process of shares some similarities with the biometric enrollment process of FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C , a side view 801 is provided, rather than a top view, of a user 803 interacting with device 600. User 803 is wearing a wireless headset 707 that is operably connected to device 600 (e.g., via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular, and / or other wireless communication technologies).

[0217] In display Fig. 8A , which includes a biometric registration interface 804, the biometric registration interface including a user image 812a, text 816a, a progress meter 814, the progress meter including progress scales 814a and 814b depicting the status of the biometric registration, the device 600 detects that the user's face 805 is in an orientation relative to the biometric sensor 606 that does not meet the registration criteria (for example, the face 605 is not oriented to allow the lower portion of the user's face to be captured). The device 600 continues to generate both audio and visual prompts to further guide the user in the biometric authentication process, such as Figure 8B In some embodiments, device 600 generates audio and visual prompts only after device 600 detects that the user maintains an orientation that does not meet the registration criteria for at least a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 seconds).

[0218] exist Figure 8BAt , device 600 displays a movement prompt 818a on display 602 along with text 816b (e.g., an animation directing user 703 to look up to allow the lower part of their face to be captured). Device 600 also outputs directional haptics 822a via one or more haptic actuators. At the same time, device 600 outputs spatial audio 820a in a (first) audio production mode, which is calculated to simulate the spatial audio from position D. I (the initial position calculated by the device) produces audio, which is at position D I Above the actual position of the device 600 and based on the center line between the user 803 and the device 600 at an angle θD I , as seen in side view 801. In some embodiments, position D is determined based on a target orientation of the user's face that will allow capture of a portion of the user's face (e.g., the lower portion) required for successful biometric registration. I .exist Figure 8B In the embodiment of the present invention, the device 600 generates the spatial audio 820a using calibration data obtained from the physiological sensors of the earphone 707. Therefore, the spatial audio 820a is perceived by the user 803 to be located at a position corresponding to the position D. I The corresponding position U I at (e.g., corresponding without further adjustment).

[0219] exist Figure 8C At , device 600 is outputting adjusted spatial audio in space 820b (perceptually positioned by the user as being directly in front of the user, while the user's head is at an angle θU A When device 600 is producing audio, device 600 detects via biometric sensor 606 that the user's head is oriented such that the centerline of the user's head is at an angle θU A . Based on the orientation of the lower portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria (e.g., at a desired angle relative to the biometric sensor 606), the device 600 stores image data (e.g., visible light image data and depth map image data) corresponding to the lower portion of the user's face captured using the biometric sensor 606. Further based on the orientation of the lower portion of the user's face satisfying the registration criteria, the device 600 fills the scale 814a and displays text 816c, and outputs a tactile sensation 822b (e.g., a tactile sensation that is different from (e.g., stronger and non-directional) than tactile sensation 822a), thereby indicating that the lower portion of the user's face has been successfully captured. The device 600 updates the display of the user image 812b to reflect the detected orientation change. In some embodiments, biometric authentication continues until all desired portions of the user's face are registered.

[0220] 9A to 9Cis a flowchart illustrating a method for audio-assisted biometric registration using an electronic device according to some embodiments. Method 900 is performed at a device (e.g., 100, 300, 500) having one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606) and operably connected to multiple speakers (e.g., left and right speakers, left and right earphones (e.g., headphones, earbuds)) (e.g., 608, 610, and / or 707). In some embodiments, the electronic device includes one or more biometric sensors, which optionally include one or more cameras, such as infrared cameras, thermal imaging cameras, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the device also includes a light emitting device, such as an IR floodlight, a structured light projector, or a combination thereof. The light emitting device is optionally used to illuminate a biometric feature (e.g., face) during the capture of biometric data of the biometric feature by the one or more biometric sensors.

[0221] In some embodiments, a first speaker (e.g., 608) and a second speaker (e.g., 610) are in a fixed position relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606).

[0222] In some embodiments, the first speaker and the second speaker are not in a fixed position relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., left and right earphones (e.g., headphones or earbuds); e.g., 707).

[0223] Some operations in method 900 are optionally combined, the order of some operations is optionally changed, and some operations are optionally omitted.

[0224] As described below, method 900 provides an intuitive way to provide audio-assisted biometric registration. The method reduces the cognitive burden of a user performing biometric authentication, thereby creating a more efficient human-computer interface. For battery-powered computing devices, users are enabled to register biometric features more quickly and efficiently, saving power and increasing the interval between battery charges.

[0225] The electronic device (e.g., 600) generates audio (902) in a first audio generation mode (e.g., by applying a filter) when detecting that a biometric feature (e.g., face 605) is in a first orientation relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606) that does not satisfy a first registration criterion (e.g., requiring that the image data include data corresponding to a first angle view of the user's face from a first perspective (e.g., a right profile perspective of the face, such as when the user's face is tilted to the right) (e.g., the orientation of the biometric feature relative to the one or more biometric sensors (e.g., the user's face has tilted upward) is based on the alignment of the user's face in image data captured by one or more cameras). The audio generated in the first audio generation mode is generated to simulate the user's face being viewed from a first position (e.g., D I ) at a first location that is not the location of one or more biometric sensors and is not the location of the first speaker or the second speaker (e.g., audio perceived by the user as being generated from a first direction that is not in the direction of the electronic device (e.g., to the right of the device)). Generating audio to simulate audio generated from a first location that is not the location of one or more biometric sensors and is not the location of the first speaker or the second speaker provides the user with improved information about the target orientation and reduces the input required to complete biometric registration. Providing improved audio feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces power usage and extends the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0226] According to some embodiments, the first position (e.g., D I ) in a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the first speaker (e.g., 608), the second speaker (e.g., 610), and at least one of the one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606) (e.g., in a vertical direction above or below the user's head).

[0227] According to some embodiments, the electronic device is operably connected to a third speaker and a fourth speaker (e.g., a left speaker and a right speaker or speakers 608 and 610), and generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device determining whether the first speaker and the second speaker (e.g., the speakers of headphones 707) are operable (e.g., the speakers are powered on or capable of playing audio) (904), and based on determining that the first speaker and the second speaker are operable, the electronic device abandons using the third speaker and the fourth speaker to generate audio (906).

[0228] In accordance with some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device abandoning modulation of audio of a first speaker (e.g., 608) and a second speaker (e.g., 610) based on a change in the position of a biometric feature (e.g., 605) relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606) (e.g., without changing interaural time difference, HRTF, or cross cancellation).

[0229] According to some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes generating audio based on determining a second orientation (e.g., Figure 6B The electronic device generates audio in a third audio generation mode (e.g., is perceived by the user as being from a direction that is not in the electronic device or the first direction (e.g., D I ) in a third direction (e.g., D A ) (e.g., where the audio is perceived as being farther away from the right side of the electronic device)) (In some embodiments, the audio generated in the third audio generation mode is modified using one or more of an HRTF, an interaural time difference of the applied audio, or crossover cancellation). The audio generated in the third audio generation mode is generated to simulate a third location (e.g., D ) that is not the location of the one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606). A ), where the third position is different from the first position. Generating audio adjusted to simulate audio generated from a third position that is not the location of one or more biometric sensors and is not the location of the first speaker or the second speaker provides the user with improved information about the target orientation and reduces the input required to complete biometric registration. Doing so when the user is in a second orientation that does not meet the first registration criteria further assists the user in achieving the orientation required for biometric registration. Providing improved audio feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces power usage and extends the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0230] In some embodiments, based on determining that the second orientation does not satisfy the first registration criteria (e.g., the second orientation is not maintained for a period of time (e.g., the user does not stop moving the face toward the target orientation)) and based on determining that the feedback criteria are not met, the electronic device remains in the first audio generation mode (e.g., abandons transitioning to generating audio in the third audio generation mode).

[0231] In some embodiments, the first registration criterion includes a target orientation (e.g., determining that the image data includes data corresponding to a first angular view of the user's face from a first perspective (e.g., a right profile perspective of the face, such as when the user's face is tilted to the right)) and based on a difference between the target orientation and a second orientation (e.g., Figure 6C D I and U I ) to determine the third position (e.g., D A ). (For example, the electronic device uses a process integral derivative feedback loop, where the error value is the delta between the desired head poses).

[0232] According to some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device modulating the audio of the first speaker (e.g., 608) and the second speaker (e.g., 610) (e.g., changing the applied interaural time difference, HRTF, or cross-cancellation function) so that the audio continues to be generated to simulate the sound from the first position (e.g., D I ) generated by the biometric sensor (908), wherein the modulated audio is based on a change in position of the first speaker and the second speaker relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., a user wearing headphones / earbuds / earbuds tilts their head in one direction).

[0233] According to some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device generating a first tactile output (e.g., tactile output; e.g., 622a) (910) that corresponds to (e.g., a tactile output indicating the direction of the sound (e.g., a vibration sequence of a certain count indicating left, while a different number indicates right)) at a first location (e.g., D I ). Providing a tactile output corresponding to a first position (e.g., a position corresponding to an orientation required for biometric registration) provides the user with improved information regarding the target orientation and reduces the input required to complete biometric registration. Providing improved tactile feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces power usage and extends the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0234] According to some embodiments, the electronic device also includes a display (in some embodiments, the display is a touch-sensitive display). In some embodiments, the display is not a touch-sensitive display. In some embodiments, when the biometric feature (e.g., 605) is detected to be in a first orientation, the electronic device displays a biometric registration interface (e.g., 604) (912) on the display. In some embodiments, the displayed biometric registration interface is a biometric registration interface having one or more features of the biometric registration interface described in U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 557130, entitled "Implementation Of Biometric Authentication" filed on September 11, 2017 (e.g., in paragraphs

[0278] ,

[0285] to

[0300] ,

[0318] to

[0323] and Figures 7S and 9R), which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the biometric registration interface includes user facial image data displayed within the positioning element. The user facial image data may include a user facial image in a real-time preview of image data captured by one or more biometric sensors. The biometric registration interface may also optionally include a registration progress meter (e.g., 614) around the user's facial image and positioning elements. The registration progress meter consists of a group of progress elements (e.g., 614a) that extend radially outward from the user's facial image and are in a circular pattern in some examples. In some embodiments, the displayed biometric registration interface includes an orientation guide. In some embodiments, the orientation guide includes a group of curves (e.g., crosshairs) that appear to extend out of the plane of the display in the virtual z dimension and intersect above the center of the user's facial image. In some examples, even if the image is two-dimensional, the orientation guide provides sensing of the three-dimensional orientation of the user's face. In this case, the orientation guide helps the user perform the biometric registration process by making the rotation and / or tilt of the user's head relative to the device more visually obvious. The biometric registration interface may also include a text prompt (e.g., 616a) that optionally instructs the user to start tilting his head in a circle, for example, to perform the registration.

[0235] According to some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device displaying a first visual output corresponding to a first position (e.g., an image on a biometric registration interface indicating the direction in which a user should turn their face for registration; 618c) as part of a biometric registration interface (e.g., 604) (e.g., a visual output indicating the direction in which a user should turn their face for registration, such as displaying the phrase "turn left"). Providing a visual output corresponding to a first position (e.g., a position corresponding to the orientation required for biometric registration) provides the user with improved information about the target orientation and reduces the input required to complete biometric registration. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces power usage and extends the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0236] In some embodiments, the electronic device further displays a second visual output on the display based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration criteria (e.g., providing visual feedback to the user indicating that the user's face is in the correct position (e.g., displaying the phrase "Stop Turning"; 616c)).

[0237] According to some embodiments, generating audio in a first audio generation mode includes the electronic device using one or more biometric sensors to detect the distance of a user from the one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 601), and determining a first position based on the distance of the user from the one or more biometric sensors.

[0238] According to some embodiments, generating audio using the first audio generation mode includes the electronic device applying one or more functions selected from the group consisting of: a head-related transfer function, an interaural time difference function, and a crossover cancellation function.

[0239] According to some embodiments, before generating audio in the first audio generation mode, the electronic device detects a user physical feature (e.g., head shape or ear shape) (e.g., using one or more biometric sensors or a second set of one or more biometric sensors (e.g., a second set of biometric sensors included in headphones worn by the user)). In such embodiments, generating audio in the first audio generation mode includes modulating the audio generated in the first audio generation mode based on the user physical feature.

[0240] According to some embodiments, after generating audio in a first audio generation mode and while the electronic device remains in the first audio generation mode, based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature does not satisfy the first registration criteria (e.g., the user's face is not in the target orientation), the electronic device continues to generate audio in the first audio generation mode.

[0241] While remaining in a first audio production mode (e.g., the electronic device remains in an audio production mode even if it is not actively producing audio at a given point in time), the electronic device detects a change in orientation of a biometric feature relative to one or more biometric sensors from a first orientation to a second orientation (e.g., the user's face turns to the right) (914).

[0242] According to some embodiments, detecting the change in orientation of the biometric feature is based on one or more motion sensors (e.g., inertial measurement unit sensors), where the one or more motion sensors are in a fixed position relative to the first speaker and the second speaker (e.g., motion sensors integrated into earphone 707). In some embodiments, an inertial measurement unit sensor built into an earphone, earbud, or earbud is used to detect the change.

[0243] In some embodiments, detecting orientation changes in a biometric feature is based on data from one or more biometric sensors (e.g., 606) (e.g., a two-dimensional front-facing camera, lidar, or a structured light sensor, or creating a three-dimensional model of the head using depth reconstruction from multiple depth-of-field images taken in rapid succession).

[0244] While remaining in the first audio generation mode and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration criterion (e.g., the face is in the target orientation) (916), the electronic device stores (e.g., registers first data for subsequent use in a biometric authentication method) first image data (e.g., data from the user's face corresponding to an angular view of the user from a viewing angle), the first image data corresponding to the biometric feature from one or more biometric sensors captured when the biometric feature is in the second orientation (e.g., the user's face is turned to the right) (918). Storing image data corresponding to the biometric feature provides the user with the ability to use the data for later biometric authentication, thereby improving security. Improving security enhances the operability of the device and makes the user device interface more secure, which reduces the risk of unauthorized use.

[0245] While remaining in the first audio generation mode and based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first enrollment criteria (e.g., the face is in the target orientation) (916), the electronic device generates audio in a second audio generation mode (920). The audio generated in the second audio generation mode is generated to simulate a second position (e.g., a position of the first speaker or the second speaker) that is not the location of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the location of the first speaker or the second speaker. Fig. 6E D I The first location is different from the second location (e.g., audio perceived by the user as being generated from a second direction that is not in the direction of the electronic device or the first direction (e.g., where the audio is perceived to be to the left of the electronic device)).

[0246] According to some embodiments, further based on determining that the second orientation of the biometric feature satisfies the first registration criterion, the electronic device generates a second tactile output (e.g., providing tactile feedback to the user indicating that the user's face is in the correct position; e.g., 622b). In some embodiments, the second tactile output is different from the first tactile output.

[0247] According to some embodiments, while the electronic device remains in the second audio generation mode (e.g., the electronic device remains in this mode even if the electronic device is not actively generating audio at a given point in time) (922), the electronic device detects a change in orientation of the biometric feature from the second orientation to the third orientation relative to one or more biometric sensors (e.g., the user's face is turned to the left) (924). While the electronic device remains in the second audio generation mode (922) and based on determining that the third orientation of the biometric feature satisfies a second registration criterion (e.g., a registration criterion different from the first registration criterion), the electronic device stores (e.g., registers second data for subsequent use in a biometric authentication method) second image data (e.g., a user's facial image) corresponding to the biometric feature from the one or more biometric sensors captured when the biometric feature is in the third orientation (e.g., the user's face is turned to the left) (926).

[0248] According to some embodiments, an electronic device receives a request to access a restricted function of the device (e.g., a request to unlock the device; e.g., Fig.6IIn response to a request to access a restricted function of the device, the electronic device provides access to the restricted function of the device (e.g., transitions the electronic device from a first visual state (e.g., a locked state) to a second visual state (e.g., an unlocked state)) based on a determination based on biometric data provided by one or more biometric sensors that a biometric authentication standard has been met (e.g., a biometric feature such as a face is authenticated by the device), and abandons providing access to the restricted function of the device (e.g., maintaining the electronic device in the first visual state (e.g., a locked state)) based on a determination based on biometric data provided by one or more biometric sensors that the biometric authentication standard has not been met.

[0249] In some embodiments, the biometric feature is at least a portion of a face (e.g., 605); and the first image data obtained from one or more biometric sensors includes biometric data associated with at least a portion of the face.

[0250] In some embodiments, the first registration criteria include criteria that are met when the biometric feature is oriented in a predetermined manner relative to one or more sensors (e.g., the face is oriented 90° to the right side of the electronic device).

[0251] For the purpose of explanation, the preceding description is described by reference to specific embodiments. However, the above exemplary discussion is not intended to be exhaustive or limit the invention to the disclosed precise form. According to the above teachings, many modifications and variations are possible. These embodiments are selected and described in order to best explain the principles of these technologies and their practical applications. Others skilled in the art can thus best utilize these technologies and various embodiments with various modifications suitable for the intended specific use.

[0252] Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that such changes and modifications are considered to be included within the scope of the disclosure and examples defined by the claims.

[0253] As described above, one aspect of the present technology is to collect and use data from various sources to improve the registration of biometric features and the security of the device. The present disclosure contemplates that, in some instances, these collected data may include personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data may include demographic data, location-based data, phone numbers, email addresses, Twitter IDs, home addresses, data or records related to the user's health or health level (e.g., vital sign measurements, medication information, exercise information), date of birth, or any other identifying or personal information.

[0254] The present disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information data in the present technology can be used to benefit users. For example, personal information data can be used to improve biometric registration and improve the security of devices. Therefore, the use of such personal information data enables users to better ensure the security of their data. In addition, the present disclosure also anticipates other uses of personal information data that benefit users. For example, health and fitness data can be used to provide insights into the user's overall health status, or can be used as positive feedback to individuals who use technology to pursue health goals.

[0255] This disclosure envisions that entities responsible for collecting, analyzing, disclosing, transmitting, storing or otherwise using such personal information data will comply with established privacy policies and / or privacy practices. Specifically, such entities should implement and adhere to privacy policies and practices that are recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or government requirements for maintaining the privacy and security of personal information data. Such policies should be easily accessible to users and should be updated as the collection and / or use of data changes. Personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes of the entity and not shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be performed after receiving informed consent from the user. In addition, such entities should consider taking any necessary steps to defend and secure access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with their privacy policies and processes. In addition, such entities may subject themselves to third-party assessments to demonstrate their compliance with widely accepted privacy policies and practices. In addition, policies and practices should be adjusted to specific types of personal information data collected and / or accessed, and to applicable laws and standards including specific considerations of jurisdiction. For example, in the United States, the collection or access of certain health data may be governed by federal and / or state laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), while health data in other countries may be subject to other regulations and policies and should be handled accordingly. Therefore, different privacy practices should be maintained in each country for different types of personal data.

[0256] Regardless of the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates implementation schemes in which users selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware elements and / or software elements may be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. For example, as for biometric security, the present technology may be configured to allow users to choose to "opt in" or "opt out" to participate in the collection of personal information data during registration for a service or at any time thereafter. For another example, a user may choose not to provide biometric data for audio-assisted registration of one or more biometric features. For another example, a user may choose to limit the length of time that biometric data is retained. In addition to providing "opt-in" and "opt-out" options, the present disclosure contemplates providing notifications related to access or use of personal information. For example, a user may be notified that their personal information data will be accessed when downloading an application, and then reminded again just before the personal information data is accessed by the application.

[0257] In addition, it is an object of the present disclosure that personal information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use. Risks can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting data once it is no longer needed. In addition, and when applicable, including in certain health-related applications, data de-identification can be used to protect the privacy of users. De-identification can be facilitated by removing specific identifiers (e.g., date of birth, etc.), controlling the amount or specificity of stored data (e.g., collecting location data at the city level rather than at the address level), controlling how data is stored (e.g., aggregating data between users), and / or other methods when appropriate.

[0258] Thus, while the present disclosure broadly covers the use of personal information data to implement one or more of the various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that various embodiments may also be implemented without access to such personal information data. That is, various embodiments of the present technology will not fail to function properly due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data. For example, a device may be secure based on non-personal information data or an absolute minimum amount of personal information or based on publicly available information.

Claims

1. A method comprising: At an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors: upon detecting that the biometric feature is in a first orientation relative to the one or more biometric sensors, generating first audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed; After generating the first audio: detecting a change in orientation of the biometric feature relative to the one or more biometric sensors from the first orientation to a second orientation; as well as comparing a current orientation of the biometric feature to a target orientation of the biometric feature, wherein the target orientation of the biometric feature corresponds to the second orientation of the biometric feature; When the biometric feature is in the second orientation: capturing first depth information corresponding to the biometric feature from the one or more biometric sensors; as well as in response to detecting that the biometric feature has reached the second orientation based on the comparison, generating second audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed; after generating the second audio, detecting a change in orientation of the biometric feature relative to the one or more biometric sensors from the second orientation to a third orientation; capturing, from the one or more biometric sensors, second depth information corresponding to the biometric feature when the biometric feature is in the third orientation; as well as After capturing the first depth information and the second depth information, registering a user with the device using the first depth information and the second depth information.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: While the first audio is being generated, a user interface is displayed via a display of the electronic device, the user interface including a visual output indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed.

3. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein generating the first audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed includes generating the first audio so as to simulate audio generated from a first position, and wherein the first position is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of a speaker of the electronic device configured to output the first audio.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein generating the second audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed includes generating the second audio so as to simulate audio generated from a second position different from the first position, and wherein the second position is not the position of the one or more biometric sensors and is not the position of a speaker of the electronic device configured to output the second audio.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed is generated based on determining that the biometric feature remains in the first orientation for a predetermined period of time.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: The biometric feature is at least a portion of a face; and The first depth information includes biometric data associated with the at least a portion of the face.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the first orientation corresponds to the portion of the face being oriented in a predetermined manner relative to the one or more biometric sensors.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors, and the one or more programs include instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An electronic device, comprising: one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors; and A memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, comprising: one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors; and Device for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer program product comprising one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having one or more biometric sensors, and the one or more programs include instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. A method comprising: At an electronic device having a display and one or more biometric sensors: When registering a biometric feature using the one or more biometric sensors, displaying a visual indication via the display prompting a user to move the biometric feature toward a first orientation; and After displaying the visual indication prompting the user to move the biometric feature toward the first orientation: Based on determining that the biometric feature is not in the first orientation after a predetermined amount of time has passed since the visual indication prompting the user to move the biometric feature toward the first orientation was displayed, audio is generated indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should be changed, while maintaining the display of the visual indication prompting the user to move the biometric feature toward the first orientation.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one or more biometric sensors include one or more cameras.

14. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 13, further comprising: After generating the audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should change, detecting, via one or more biometric sensors of the electronic device, that the orientation of the biometric feature is in the first orientation; as well as In response to detecting that the orientation of the biometric feature is in the first orientation, capturing information about the biometric feature via the one or more biometric sensors of the electronic device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the information about the biometric feature includes depth information about the biometric feature.

16. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: After capturing the information about the biometric feature, an indication is output that the information about the biometric feature has been successfully captured.

17. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein generating audio indicating that the orientation of the biometric feature should change includes simulating audio generated from a location different from the location of the electronic device.

18. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the biometric feature is at least a portion of the user's face.

19. The method of any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the first orientation is a target orientation of the biometric feature relative to the one or more biometric sensors.

20. A computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and one or more biometric sensors, and the one or more programs include instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19.

21. An electronic device, comprising: monitor; one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors; and A memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19.

22. An electronic device, comprising: monitor; one or more biometric sensors; one or more processors; and Device for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19.

23. A computer program product comprising one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and one or more biometric sensors, and the one or more programs include instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19.

Images