Cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficient calculation method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficient calculation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the data of a cascade reservoir in a research area, constructing two incoming water scenes based on typical year data, and obtaining a flood process; based on the incoming water scene, setting a combined dispatching rule, constructing a combined dispatching model, and carrying out combined dispatching calculation on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water level, the in-out flow and the reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; calculating a cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficient based on the water level, the in-out flow and the reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; two scheduling scenes are constructed for the two incoming water scenes respectively, corresponding cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficients are calculated respectively, cascade reservoir combined flood control scheduling calculation is carried out, and the cascade reservoir capacity equivalent coefficients are verified. The flood control reservoir capacity equivalent coefficient is used for combined dispatching of the cascade reservoirs, the operation efficiency of the cascade reservoirs can be improved to a certain extent while flood control benefits of the cascade reservoirs are not affected, and the comprehensive benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for calculating storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] There have been a large number of research results at home and abroad on the joint scheduling of reservoir groups and dynamic control of operating water levels during flood season. Most of them use optimization algorithms to solve the optimal scheduling plan, or construct multiple water inflow scenarios to analyze the feasibility and plans of dynamic control of operating water levels during flood season. The equivalent use of reservoir capacity is a way to dynamically control the water level, which simplifies the complexity of scheduling calculations.

[0003] At present, the research on equivalent utilization of reservoir capacity includes flood control calculation for different typical annual design floods, analyzing the equivalent utilization coefficient of flood control reservoir capacity of cascade reservoirs by adjusting the control and discharge scheme; using multi-year runoff series to analyze the flood control reservoir capacity required for different floods, and plotting the flood control reservoir capacity frequency curve to achieve equivalent utilization of flood control reservoir capacity; analyzing the release conditions of flood control compensation reservoir capacity based on the characteristics of water system floods, regional flood control standards and flood control compensation scheduling methods; discretizing multiple groups of flood control reservoir capacity sequences, using trial algorithms to analyze the equivalent utilization of reservoir capacity, and then fitting to obtain the equivalent relationship of flood control reservoir capacity.

[0004] The present invention proposes a method and system for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs. Based on the design floods of multiple typical years and multiple flood compositions in the basin, the equivalent utilization relationship of reservoir storage capacity is studied through joint scheduling analysis and calculation of cascade reservoirs, the cascade flood control storage capacity is reasonably used, and the comprehensive utilization benefits of cascade reservoirs are fully utilized. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs to solve the above problems existing in the prior art. On the other hand, a system for calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs is provided.

[0006] Technical solution: A method for calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs, comprising the following steps: Step S1, collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two water inflow scenarios based on typical year data, and obtain the flood process; Step S2: Based on the two water inflow scenarios, joint dispatching rules are set, a joint dispatching model is constructed, and joint dispatching calculations are performed on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water level, inflow and outflow flow, and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S3, calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoirs based on the water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S4: construct two scheduling scenarios for the two water inflow scenarios, calculate the corresponding cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients, perform cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculations, and verify the cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, step S1 further comprises: Step S11, collecting data on cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, typical year data, reservoir dispatching regulations, etc.; Step S12, using the peak quantity same frequency method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the interval water has the same frequency as the downstream reservoir water inflow and corresponds to the upstream reservoir water inflow; Step S13: Use the same multiple ratio method and hydrological analogy method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the water inflow frequency of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is the same and the water inflow between the intervals is corresponding.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present application, step S12 further comprises: Step S12a, extracting the water flow process in a typical year, and using the peak-volume-frequency method to set the interval flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S12b, setting the flood process of the most downstream reservoir dam site to the original design flood result; Step S12c, subtract the flood process of the dam site of the downstream reservoir from the flood process of the interval between the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, to obtain the flood process of the dam site of the upstream reservoir; Step S12d, sequentially calculate and obtain the flood process at the dam sites corresponding to all the cascade reservoirs.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present application, step S13 is further: Step S13a, extracting typical year data, and using the same multiple ratio method to set the flood process of the most upstream and downstream reservoir dam sites as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S13b, subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir; Step S13c: Use the hydrological ratio method to scale and obtain the corresponding flood process between the reservoirs.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present application, step S2 further comprises: Step S21, extracting the interval flood process, obtaining the interval water volume, setting the joint dispatching rules of the cascade reservoirs, and constructing a joint dispatching model; Step S22: Based on the joint dispatching rules and joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs, the cascade reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the water level and inflow and outflow of each reservoir, and the reservoir storage capacity is calculated based on the storage capacity curve.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, step S22 is further: Step S22a, based on the joint dispatching rules of cascade reservoirs, extract the starting water level and target water level of the most upstream reservoir and input them into the joint dispatching model, adjust the outflow flow based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve and target water level and input it into the joint dispatching model again to obtain the outflow flow and water level in front of the dam of the most upstream reservoir; Step S22b: Based on the outflow of the upstream reservoir and the interval water inflow, the downstream reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the dam front water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each cascade reservoir.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present application, step S22b is further: Step S22b1, calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the upstream reservoir outflow and interval water inflow, and input it into the joint scheduling model, set the outflow based on the scheduling regulations, obtain the scheduling plan of the reservoir at this level, extract the outflow and input it to the next level reservoir for scheduling calculation; Step S22b2, sequentially calculate the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow flow and the reservoir storage capacity of all the cascade reservoirs.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present application, step S3 further comprises: Step S31, adjust each reservoir to the high water level of the joint dispatching plan according to its own flood limit water level, calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir, and sum them up to obtain the intercepted water volume, that is, the reservoir storage volume change; Step S32: adjust the starting water level of the most upstream reservoir to a certain level below the flood limit water level, and calculate according to the joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs. The total interception and storage of the upstream reservoirs corresponds to the change in the storage capacity of the reservoirs. The reservoir water level is intercepted to the flood control high water level. The downstream reservoirs are still adjusted from the flood limit water level to obtain the flood control high water level. The upstream reservoir group uses the protection storage capacity, and the downstream reservoir uses the flood control storage capacity. Step S33, counting the flood control storage capacity that is reduced in each downstream reservoir and the storage capacity that is increased in the upstream reservoir, and calculating the ratio between the two, that is, the equivalent utilization coefficient of the storage capacity of the upstream reservoir and the storage capacity of the downstream reservoir.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present application, step S4 is further: Step S41, extracting the water flow process in a typical year and constructing two scheduling scenarios for the two water flow scenarios, including: a flood scheduling scenario and an equivalent floating scenario; Step S42, respectively perform joint flood control dispatch calculations for the cascade reservoirs for the two dispatch scenarios under the two water inflow scenarios, i.e., steps S2-S3, to obtain the maximum outflow, maximum inflow and flood control high water level of each reservoir under each scenario, compare the values ​​under the two scenarios, and verify the equivalent utilization coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a system for calculating storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0016] Beneficial effect: A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir capacity is adopted, which can obtain the equivalent utilization relationship of the flood control capacity of the reservoir through joint reservoir scheduling calculation, and determine the value and efficiency of the equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoir capacity under different scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of step S1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of step S2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of step S3 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of step S4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1 According to one aspect of the present application, a method for calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs is provided, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1, collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two water inflow scenarios based on typical year data, and obtain the flood process; Step S2: Based on the two water inflow scenarios, joint dispatching rules are set, a joint dispatching model is constructed, and joint dispatching calculations are performed on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water level, inflow and outflow flow, and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S3, calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoirs based on the water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S4: construct two scheduling scenarios for the two water inflow scenarios, calculate the corresponding cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients, perform cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculations, and verify the cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, according to one aspect of the present application, the step S1 is further: Step S11, collecting data on cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, typical year data, reservoir dispatching regulations, etc.; Step S12, using the peak quantity same frequency method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the interval water has the same frequency as the downstream reservoir water inflow and corresponds to the upstream reservoir water inflow; The peak-volume-frequency method is a method for determining the hydrological design flood flow. This method is based on flood flow data within a certain period of time and determines the flood peak flow at a specific frequency through statistical analysis.

[0024] Step S13: Use the same multiple ratio method and hydrological analogy method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the water inflow frequency of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is the same and the water inflow between the intervals is corresponding.

[0025] The multiple ratio method is a hydrological design method used to determine the peak flood flow under different design frequencies. This method is based on statistical theory and determines the design flood peak flow by analyzing the multiple relationship of flood peak flows at different frequencies.

[0026] The hydrological analogy method is a hydrological analysis method used to estimate the hydrological characteristics of a basin or station without measured data. It is often used in basin hydrological characteristic estimation, water resources assessment and hydrological simulation.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present application, step S12 further comprises: Step S12a, extracting the water flow process in a typical year, and using the peak-volume-frequency method to set the interval flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S12b, setting the flood process of the most downstream reservoir dam site to the original design flood result; Step S12c, subtract the flood process of the dam site of the downstream reservoir from the flood process of the interval between the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, to obtain the flood process of the dam site of the upstream reservoir; Step S12d, sequentially calculate and obtain the flood process at the dam sites corresponding to all the cascade reservoirs.

[0028] Compared with other hydrological design methods, the peak-volume-frequency method is based on statistical analysis, is intuitive and easy to understand, and is easier to implement; the peak-volume-frequency method has accumulated rich experience and data support in practice; it has low data requirements and only requires historical flood flow data or curves, without complex hydrological data, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of data acquisition; the peak-volume-frequency method can accurately determine the design flood peak flow at different frequencies through statistical methods, which helps to accurately assess flood risks; the peak-volume-frequency method is suitable for hydrological systems of different scales, and can be used for hydrological design from small to large basins, with good versatility and applicability.

[0029] Therefore, in this embodiment, the peak quantity same frequency method is used to construct a water inflow scenario in which the interval water has the same frequency as the downstream reservoir water inflow and the upstream reservoir water inflow corresponds to the water inflow.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present application, step S13 is further: Step S13a, extracting typical year data, and using the same multiple ratio method to set the flood process of the most upstream and downstream reservoir dam sites as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S13b, subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir; Step S13c: Use the hydrological ratio method to scale and obtain the corresponding flood process between the reservoirs.

[0031] The multiple ratio method does not require complex hydrological model calculations and a large amount of data. It only needs historical flood flow data and the selection of appropriate multiples for analysis. The multiple ratio method sorts historical flood data by multiples and intuitively determines the peak flood flow under different design frequencies. It is often used in hydrological design and planning of small watersheds. The hydrological analogy method takes into account multiple hydrological elements of a river basin and is suitable for estimating the hydrological characteristics of a river basin or site without measured data. It can analyze river basins of various types and sizes. By matching the characteristic parameters of similar river basins or sites and performing data adjustments and corrections, the accuracy and reliability of the estimation results can be improved.

[0032] Therefore, in this embodiment, the flood process at the dam site of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is first set as the design flood of the design standard by using the same multiple ratio method, and then the interval flood process between the reservoirs is obtained by using the hydrological analogy method.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, according to one aspect of the present application, the step S2 is further: Step S21, extracting the interval flood process, obtaining the interval water volume, setting the joint dispatching rules of the cascade reservoirs, and constructing a joint dispatching model; In a certain embodiment, specifically: When carrying out joint flood control and dispatch calculations for cascade reservoirs, the following principles must be met on the basis of the flood control and dispatch plans of each reservoir: Do not lower the flood control standards of each reservoir; Ensure flood control tasks of each reservoir; Under the condition of ensuring flood prevention tasks, the highest flood level used by downstream reservoirs shall not exceed the highest flood level dispatched according to the flood dispatch plan under the design flood inflow conditions of the reservoir design standards; The maximum outflow of the reservoir shall not be greater than the maximum outflow dispatched according to the flood dispatching plan; The maximum inflow corresponding to the highest water level of each downstream reservoir shall not be higher than the maximum inflow scheduled according to the flood scheduling plan.

[0034] Step S22: Based on the joint dispatching rules and joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs, the cascade reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the water level and inflow and outflow of each reservoir, and the reservoir storage capacity is calculated based on the storage capacity curve.

[0035] According to one aspect of the present application, step S22 is further: Step S22a, based on the joint dispatching rules of cascade reservoirs, extract the starting water level and target water level of the most upstream reservoir and input them into the joint dispatching model, adjust the outflow flow based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve and target water level and input it into the joint dispatching model again to obtain the outflow flow and water level in front of the dam of the most upstream reservoir; Step S22b: Based on the outflow of the upstream reservoir and the interval water inflow, the downstream reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the dam front water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each cascade reservoir.

[0036] According to one aspect of the present application, step S22b is further: Step S22b1, calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the upstream reservoir outflow and interval water inflow, and input it into the joint scheduling model, set the outflow based on the scheduling regulations, obtain the scheduling plan of the reservoir at this level, extract the outflow and input it to the next level reservoir for scheduling calculation; Step S22b2, sequentially calculate the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow flow and the reservoir storage capacity of all the cascade reservoirs.

[0037] According to one aspect of the present application, step S3 further comprises: like Figure 4 As shown, in step S31, each reservoir is adjusted to the target water level of the joint dispatching scheme according to its own flood limit water level, and the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir is calculated, and the sum is obtained to obtain the intercepted water volume, such as: Assume that there is i Reservoirs, denoted as A i (i=1, 2, ...n) , the downstream reservoir has j Seat, recorded as B j (j=1, 2, ...n) Each reservoir has its own flood limit water level. Z Ai,汛 , Z Bj,汛 Start to adjust to the high water level of the joint dispatching plan Z Ai,0 , Z Bj,0, calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir , and the sum is obtained to obtain the intercepted water volume, that is, the change in reservoir storage volume; Step S32: adjust the starting water level of the most upstream reservoir and keep the starting water levels of other reservoirs unchanged; calculate the target water level of the most upstream reservoir based on the intercepted water volume; adjust the water level of the most upstream reservoir to the target water level; and calculate the flood control high water levels of the downstream reservoirs and the flood control storage capacity used by each of them: Adjust the water level of the most upstream reservoir to Z Ai,0’ ,in Z Ai,0’ and Z Ai,0 The sum of the reservoir tolerances is not less than the intercepted water volume. According to the joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs, the calculation is carried out. The upstream reservoirs intercept the flood volume corresponding to the intercepted water volume. The reservoir water level is intercepted to Z Ai,1 , the downstream reservoirs are still below the flood limit water level Z Bj,汛 Start flood control and get high water level Z Bj,1 , the storage capacity of the upstream reservoir group V Ai,1 , downstream reservoirs use flood control storage capacity V Bj,1 , the calculation needs to satisfy Z Ai,1 ≤ Z Ai,0 , Z Bj,1 ≤ Z Bj,0 , and the sum of the flood control storage capacity of the upstream reservoir group is not less than the intercepted water volume; Step S33: Count the reduced flood control storage capacity of each downstream reservoir and the increased storage capacity of the upstream reservoir, and calculate the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoirs:

[0038] At the same time, the most unfavorable principle of joint scheduling of cascade reservoirs is taken into consideration, the calculation results under different scenarios are comprehensively analyzed, and the feasible equivalent utilization coefficient of cascade reservoir capacity is determined.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, according to one aspect of the present application, step S4 is further: Step S41, extracting the water flow process in a typical year and constructing two scheduling scenarios for the two water flow scenarios, including: a flood scheduling scenario and an equivalent floating scenario; Step S42, respectively perform joint flood control dispatch calculations for the cascade reservoirs for the two dispatch scenarios under the two water inflow scenarios, i.e., steps S2-S3, to obtain the maximum outflow, maximum inflow and flood control high water level of each reservoir under each scenario, compare the values ​​under the two scenarios, and verify the equivalent utilization coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

[0040] In a certain embodiment, specifically: Taking into account the needs of flood control and power generation, the operating water levels of the downstream reservoirs are raised to the water level where the power station unit output is not restricted during the flood season. The equivalent utilization coefficient of the reservoir capacity obtained by S3 is used to calculate the extent to which the water level of the upstream reservoir should be reduced from the flood limit water level. Set the starting water levels of reservoirs at all levels according to the flood dispatching scenario and equivalent floating scenario; The cascade reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the maximum outflow, maximum inflow and high water level of each reservoir, and the values ​​of the two scenarios are compared. If the values ​​of the equivalent floating scenario do not exceed the flood dispatch plan scenario, it means that the flood control risks in the reservoir area of ​​each cascade reservoir and the downstream of the reservoir are not increased, and the equivalent utilization coefficient of the cascade reservoir capacity is reasonable and feasible.

[0041] In this embodiment, based on the equivalent utilization method of cascade reservoir capacity, the flood area composition of different typical annual flood processes is analyzed, and a design flood process with a return period of 20 years and the same frequency as the downstream and the same frequency as the upstream and downstream is constructed. Through the joint flood control scheduling calculation of reservoirs, the equivalent utilization relationship of the reservoir flood control capacity is extracted, and the coefficient is verified. The equivalent utilization coefficient of the storage capacity under the upstream and downstream flood scenario is greater than that under the interval and downstream flood scenario. When the upstream water is large, the equivalent utilization efficiency of the reservoir capacity is reduced due to the limitation of the reservoir discharge capacity.

[0042] According to another aspect of the present application, a system for calculating storage capacity equivalent coefficient of cascade reservoirs is provided, characterized in that it includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as described in any one of the above items.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, collect data of cascade reservoirs in the study area, construct two water inflow scenarios based on typical year data, and obtain the flood process; Step S2: Based on the two water inflow scenarios, joint dispatching rules are set, a joint dispatching model is constructed, and joint dispatching calculations are performed on the cascade reservoirs to obtain the water level, inflow and outflow flow, and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S3, calculating the storage capacity equivalent coefficient of the cascade reservoirs based on the water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each reservoir; Step S4: construct two scheduling scenarios for the two water inflow scenarios, calculate the corresponding cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients, perform cascade reservoir joint flood control scheduling calculations, and verify the cascade reservoir storage capacity equivalent coefficients.

2. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 is further as follows: Step S11, collecting data on cascade reservoirs in the study area, including historical flood data, typical year data and reservoir dispatching regulations; Step S12, using the peak quantity same frequency method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the interval water has the same frequency as the downstream reservoir water inflow and corresponds to the upstream reservoir water inflow; Step S13: Use the same multiple ratio method and hydrological analogy method to construct a water inflow scenario in which the water inflow frequency of the upstream and downstream reservoirs is the same and the water inflow between the intervals is corresponding.

3. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The step S12 is further as follows: Step S12a, extracting the water flow process in a typical year, and using the peak-volume-frequency method to set the interval flood process between each reservoir as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S12b, setting the flood process of the most downstream reservoir dam site to the original design flood result; Step S12c, subtract the flood process of the dam site of the downstream reservoir from the flood process of the interval between the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, to obtain the flood process of the dam site of the upstream reservoir; Step S12d, sequentially calculate and obtain the flood process at the dam sites corresponding to all the cascade reservoirs.

4. A method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The step S13 is further as follows: Step S13a, extracting typical year data, and using the same multiple ratio method to set the flood process of the most upstream and downstream reservoir dam sites as the design flood of the reservoir design standard; Step S13b, subtract the flood process at the dam site of the most upstream reservoir from the flood process at the dam site of the most downstream reservoir to obtain the corresponding flood process from the most upstream reservoir to the most downstream reservoir; Step S13c: Use the hydrological ratio method to scale and obtain the corresponding flood process between the reservoirs.

5. The method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 is further as follows: Step S21, extracting the interval flood process, obtaining the interval water volume, setting the joint dispatching rules of the cascade reservoirs, and constructing a joint dispatching model; Step S22: Based on the joint dispatching rules and joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs, the cascade reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the water level and inflow and outflow of each reservoir, and the reservoir storage capacity is calculated based on the storage capacity curve.

6. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The step S22 is further as follows: Step S22a, based on the joint dispatching rules of cascade reservoirs, extract the starting water level and target water level of the most upstream reservoir and input them into the joint dispatching model, adjust the outflow flow based on the discharge curve, storage capacity curve and target water level and input it into the joint dispatching model again to obtain the outflow flow and water level in front of the dam of the most upstream reservoir; Step S22b: Based on the outflow of the upstream reservoir and the interval water inflow, the downstream reservoirs are jointly dispatched to obtain the dam front water level, inflow and outflow flow and reservoir storage capacity of each cascade reservoir.

7. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The step S22b is further as follows: Step S22b1, calculate the current reservoir inflow based on the upstream reservoir outflow and interval water inflow, and input it into the joint scheduling model, set the outflow based on the scheduling regulations, obtain the scheduling plan of the reservoir at this level, extract the outflow and input it to the next level reservoir for scheduling calculation; Step S22b2, sequentially calculate the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow flow and the reservoir storage capacity of all the cascade reservoirs.

8. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 is further as follows: Step S31, adjust each reservoir to the high water level of the joint dispatching plan according to its own flood limit water level, calculate the flood control storage capacity used by each reservoir, and sum them up to obtain the intercepted water volume, that is, the reservoir storage volume change; Step S32: adjust the starting water level of the most upstream reservoir to a certain level below the flood limit water level, and calculate according to the joint dispatching model of cascade reservoirs. The total interception and storage of the upstream reservoirs corresponds to the change in the storage capacity of the reservoirs. The reservoir water level is intercepted to the flood control high water level. The downstream reservoirs are still adjusted from the flood limit water level to obtain the flood control high water level. The upstream reservoir group uses the protection storage capacity, and the downstream reservoir uses the flood control storage capacity. Step S33, counting the flood control storage capacity that is reduced in each downstream reservoir and the storage capacity that is increased in the upstream reservoir, and calculating the ratio between the two, that is, the equivalent utilization coefficient of the storage capacity of the upstream reservoir and the storage capacity of the downstream reservoir.

9. A method for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 is further as follows: Step S41, extracting the water flow process in a typical year and constructing two scheduling scenarios for the two water flow scenarios, including: a flood scheduling scenario and an equivalent floating scenario; Step S42, respectively perform joint flood control dispatch calculations for the cascade reservoirs for the two dispatch scenarios under the two water inflow scenarios, i.e., steps S2-S3, to obtain the maximum outflow, maximum inflow and flood control high water level of each reservoir under each scenario, compare the values ​​under the two scenarios, and verify the equivalent utilization coefficient of the cascade reservoir storage capacity.

10. A system for calculating equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are used to be executed by the processor to implement a method for calculating the equivalent coefficient of storage capacity of cascade reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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