Basin vegetation recovery optimization layout method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, and discloses a drainage basin vegetation restoration optimization layout method, device, equipment, medium and product, and the method comprises the steps: determining a subarea with the annual average water supply amount greater than the vegetation ecological water demand in different subareas as a target subarea through the annual average water supply amount and the vegetation ecological water demand of each subarea in a target area; determining a vegetation degradation area as a target unit of vegetation restoration construction based on the target subarea, determining target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target subarea, performing gridding processing on the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids, and based on pre-acquired meteorological geographic element information of each grid, calculating the corresponding vegetation degradation area in the corresponding grid, arranging suitability grade indexes corresponding to different types of vegetation respectively; and determining a basin vegetation recovery optimization layout scheme in the target region based on the suitability grade indexes corresponding to different types of vegetation laid in the grids and the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment, medium and product for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration. Background Art

[0002] Vegetation restoration is an important measure for soil and water conservation and ecological restoration. It not only changes the rainstorm and flood process and thus affects the flood control operation of reservoirs by changing the regional underlying surface structure, but also improves the diversity of watershed ecosystems and increases the carbon sink of vegetation ecosystems. However, at the same time, vegetation ecosystems are also consumers of water, and excessive vegetation construction may aggravate regional water shortages. Existing vegetation restoration ecological construction is mostly based on expert experience or oriented to regional ecological problems. The construction layout is random and uncertain, and regional water resource constraints are not fully considered, which may lead to over-construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration to solve the problem in the related technology that vegetation restoration is based on past experience, the construction layout is random and uncertain, and regional water resource constraints are not fully considered, which may cause over-construction.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration, the method comprising: obtaining the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different partitions in a target area, the average annual water supply and the ecological water demand of vegetation; determining at least one target partition in different partitions, and determining a target unit based on the target partition, the target partition being a partition where the average annual water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit being an area where vegetation is degraded in the target partition; determining the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target partition based on the area of ​​the target partition, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; gridding the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids; calculating the suitability grade index corresponding to different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance; determining the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the suitability grade index corresponding to different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation.

[0005] The method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration provided by the present invention determines the sub-areas whose annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation in different sub-areas as target sub-areas through the annual average water supply of each sub-area in the target area and the ecological water demand of vegetation, determines the target unit for vegetation restoration construction based on the target sub-area, determines the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target sub-area based on the area, annual average water supply, ecological water demand of vegetation and ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, realizes the calculation of the optimal area for the construction of different types of vegetation in the sub-area, and then performs gridding processing on the target unit to obtain multiple grids, and calculates the optimal area for the construction of different types of vegetation in the sub-area based on the meteorological and geographical requirements of each grid obtained in advance. The element information is used to calculate the suitability grade index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid; based on the suitability grade index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the grid and the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the optimal layout plan of watershed vegetation restoration in the target area is determined. When determining the optimal layout plan of watershed vegetation restoration, the optimal construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the suitability index of planting in different grids are considered, and the water resource constraints in the target area are fully considered, so that the final optimized layout plan of watershed vegetation restoration is more suitable for the ecosystem of the target area, which effectively improves the effect of vegetation restoration ecological construction and the operability of regional vegetation restoration ecological construction.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the step of determining the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation includes: determining the maximum buildable area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; calculating the buildable carbon sink per unit area of ​​the corresponding type of vegetation based on the ecological water demand per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation; inputting the buildable carbon sink per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the maximum buildable area, the ecological water demand per unit area, the average annual water supply of the target zone and the ecological water demand of vegetation into a pre-constructed optimization configuration model for solution to obtain the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation, wherein the optimization configuration model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the carbon sink and the economic benefit value of the vegetation restoration construction layout in the target zone.

[0007] The method provided by this optional implementation manner obtains the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation by inputting the constructible carbon sink per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the maximum constructible area, the ecological water demand per unit area, the average annual water supply of the target zone, and the ecological water demand of vegetation into a pre-constructed optimization configuration model for solution, thereby obtaining the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation. The target construction areas are the optimal construction areas for the corresponding types of vegetation. By determining the target construction areas for each type of vegetation, it is convenient to achieve water-carbon balance in the region when the optimized layout is subsequently restored.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the steps of obtaining the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different sub-zones in the target area, the average annual water supply and the ecological water demand of vegetation include: obtaining the area, total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between river basins, total slope flow, invalid evaporation of evaluation unit, ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland, and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; calculating the average annual water supply of the corresponding zone based on the total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between river basins, total slope flow and invalid evaporation of evaluation unit; calculating the ecological water demand of vegetation in the corresponding zone based on the ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland in each zone.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, based on the pre-acquired meteorological and geographical element information of each grid, the step of calculating the suitability level index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid includes: obtaining multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation; based on the multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation, calculating the suitability level index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grids and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation, the steps of determining the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area include: determining the number of grids required for the corresponding type of vegetation based on the target construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the size information of the grid; determining the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the number of grids required for each type of vegetation and the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation in each grid.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the method also includes: calculating the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem in the target area after vegetation restoration construction according to the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan; obtaining the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem in the target historical period; and determining the carbon sink benefit of vegetation restoration ecological construction in the target area based on the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem and the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration, the device comprising: a first acquisition module, used to obtain the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different partitions in the target area, the average annual water supply and the ecological water demand of vegetation; a first determination module, used to determine at least one target partition in different partitions, and determine a target unit based on the target partition, the target partition being a partition where the average annual water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit being an area with degraded vegetation in the target partition; a second determination module, used to determine the area, average annual water supply, and ecological water demand of vegetation based on the area, average annual water supply, and ecological water demand of vegetation in the target partition; The target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone are determined based on the amount of water and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; a processing module is used to grid the target units to obtain multiple grids; a first calculation module is used to calculate the suitability grade index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grids based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance; a third determination module is used to determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the suitability grade index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the grids and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof by executing the computer instructions.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being used to enable a computer to execute the method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0015] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a proposed construction area for vegetation restoration in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a specific schematic diagram of a vegetation restoration construction configuration unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flow chart of another method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flow chart of another method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of carbon sink benefit accounting for vegetation restoration ecological construction in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In related technologies, the construction layout is random and uncertain based on expert experience or regional ecological issues, and does not fully consider regional water resource constraints, which may lead to over-construction.

[0020] In view of this, an optimized layout method for watershed vegetation restoration provided in an embodiment of the present application can be applied to a server to achieve an optimized layout for watershed vegetation restoration. The method provided by the present invention determines the partitions in different partitions whose annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation as target partitions through the annual average water supply of each partition in the target area and the ecological water demand of vegetation, determines the vegetation degraded area as the target unit for vegetation restoration construction based on the target partition, determines the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target partition based on the area of ​​the target partition, the annual average water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, thereby realizing the calculation of the optimal area for the construction of different types of vegetation in the partition, and then grids the target unit to obtain multiple grids, based on the pre-acquired meteorological and geographical element information of each grid. The information is used to calculate the suitability grade index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grids; based on the suitability grade index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the grids and the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation, the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area is determined. When determining the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration, the optimal construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the suitability index of planting in different grids are considered, and the water resource constraints in the target area are fully considered, so that the final optimized layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration is more suitable for the ecosystem of the target area, effectively improving the effect of vegetation restoration ecological construction and the operability of regional vegetation restoration ecological construction.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0022] In this embodiment, a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned server. Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101, obtaining the ecological water requirements per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the areas corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply, and the ecological water requirements of vegetation.

[0023] For example, the target area may be a research area where vegetation restoration is required. In the embodiment of the present application, the research area is divided using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool based on the digital elevation information of the proposed research area after river network correction, and multiple partitions can be obtained. The partitions can also be called sub-basins. The vegetation ecological water demand of each partition is calculated based on a pre-built ecological water demand calculation model, and the ecological water demand calculation model is shown in the following formula:

[0024] In the formula, WD represents the water demand of the vegetation ecosystem in the sub-watershed, mm; ET g and ET lc Respectively represent the ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland (actual evapotranspiration), mm.

[0025] ET g and ET lc Calculated by the following formula:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ET 0 is the reference evaporation, mm; K g is the crop coefficient, which is obtained based on experimental data from literature in the study area. K g Values ​​are different, mm; K c Indicates the vegetation coefficient, trees, shrubs and grassland K c The values ​​are 0.62, 0.5385 and 0.263 respectively; K s is the soil moisture coefficient, calculated using Jensen formula; LAI represents the leaf area index, which is obtained through remote sensing inversion; α 1 and α 2 is the empirical parameter; R n represents the net radiation of the surface, MJ·m -1 ·d -1 ; G represents soil heat flux, MJ·m -2 ·d -1; u 2 is the wind speed at a height of 2 meters, m / s; es is the saturated water vapor pressure, kPa; ea is the actual water vapor pressure, kPa; T is the average daily temperature in °C; Δ is the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve, kPa·℃ -1 ; γ is the psychrometric constant, kPa·℃ -1 The areas corresponding to different zones can be obtained through GIS tools.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, different types of vegetation are vegetation that can be used for vegetation restoration in the target area. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific content of the different types of vegetation, and those skilled in the art can determine it according to needs.

[0030] Step S102, determining at least one target partition in different partitions, and determining a target unit based on the target partition, wherein the target partition is a partition where the annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit is an area with degraded vegetation in the target partition.

[0031] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the difference between the available water volume of each partition and the ecological water demand of vegetation is calculated, a water balance constraint is established, and at least one target partition is determined from multiple partitions based on the water balance constraint of each partition. The water balance constraint is specifically expressed as:

[0032] in, WS Indicates the water supply of the zone. WD Indicates the ecological water demand of vegetation in the zone, Δ W Indicates the surplus or deficit water volume of the partition. If it is positive, the partition is determined as the target partition. In the embodiment of the present application, the target partition can be understood as the planned construction area for vegetation restoration. The schematic diagram of the planned construction area for vegetation restoration can be seen in Figure 2 .

[0033] Furthermore, based on remote sensing information data and historical data of the watershed, a vegetation survey is conducted to determine the dominant vegetation (crop) species in each sub-area of ​​the target area at different times; based on the land use and leaf area index (LAI) data of the proposed study area, a GIS tool is used to conduct a transfer and transformation analysis of vegetation coverage, and the units in the proposed vegetation restoration construction area where the vegetation type has changed from "historical to current" and the LAI has decreased (i.e., vegetation degradation units) are determined as target units. The target unit can be understood as a vegetation restoration construction configuration unit. In the embodiment of this application, the specific schematic diagram of the vegetation restoration construction configuration unit can be found in Figure 3 .

[0034] Step S103, determining the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation.

[0035] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the water balance constraint Δ of the target partition is calculated based on the annual average water supply of the target partition and the ecological water demand of the vegetation. W , based on the area and water balance constraints of the target partition W The optimal construction area of ​​different types of vegetation in the target area is calculated based on the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, and the optimal construction area is used as the target construction area.

[0036] Step S104, gridding the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids.

[0037] Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present application, the target unit can be divided into grids of a fixed size to obtain multiple grids of the same size, or the target unit can be divided into grids of different sizes. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific method of gridding processing, and technical personnel in this field can determine it according to needs.

[0038] Step S105, based on the pre-acquired meteorological and geographical element information of each grid, calculate the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid.

[0039] Exemplarily, meteorological and geographical element information may include but is not limited to soil, meteorological, topographic and other element factors. In an embodiment of the present application, the distribution of each type of vegetation in the target area can be used to quantify the influence weight of different meteorological and geographical elements on the distribution of this type of vegetation in the target area. Based on the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element on different types of vegetation and the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid, the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid is calculated.

[0040] Step S106, based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation, determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area.

[0041] Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present application, based on the suitability level index of different types of plants arranged in each grid and the target construction area of ​​different types of plants, each type of vegetation is allocated to a suitable cell in the target unit according to the principle of highest suitability, thereby obtaining an optimized layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area.

[0042] The watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout method provided in this embodiment takes into account the optimal construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the suitability index for planting in different grids when determining the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan, and fully considers the water resource constraints in the target area, so that the final watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan is more suitable for the ecosystem of the target area, effectively improving the effect of vegetation restoration ecological construction and improving the operability of regional vegetation restoration ecological construction.

[0043] In this embodiment, a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned server. Figure 4 : is a flow chart of a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S401, obtain the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply, and the ecological water demand of vegetation. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Step S402, determine at least one target zone in different zones, and determine a target unit based on the target zone. The target zone is a zone where the annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit is an area with degraded vegetation in the target zone. Figure 1 Step S102 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Step S403, determining the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation.

[0046] Specifically, the above step S403 includes: Step S4031, based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand of different types of vegetation, the maximum buildable area corresponding to each type of vegetation in the target zone is determined.

[0047] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the maximum buildable area of ​​each type of plant in the target partition can be calculated by the following relationship:

[0048] in, Area i Indicates the maximum buildable area of ​​vegetation type i in the target zone, km 2 ; Δ W Indicates the surplus or deficit water volume of the target partition, mm, ΔW It is calculated through the annual average water supply and vegetation ecological water demand of the target zone; S Indicates the area of ​​the target partition, km 2 ; ET i Represents the ecological water requirement per unit area of ​​type i vegetation, mm.

[0049] Step S4032, based on the ecological water demand per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the amount of carbon sink that can be constructed per unit area of ​​the corresponding type of vegetation is calculated.

[0050] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the carbon sink amount that can be constructed per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] In the formula, NEP Indicates the amount of carbon sink that can be constructed. GPP It represents the total primary productivity of the ecosystem; RE Indicates ecosystem breathing.

[0052] in, GPP and RE Calculated by the following formula:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, k, m, and n are empirical parameters derived based on flux station data; ET gi Indicates the corresponding ecological water demand when the vegetation type is a certain crop; ET lci It indicates the corresponding ecological water demand when the vegetation type is a certain type of forest or grass.

[0056] Step S4033, input the constructible carbon sink per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the maximum constructible area, the ecological water demand per unit area, the average annual water supply of the target zone and the ecological water demand of vegetation into the pre-constructed optimization configuration model for solution to obtain the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation. The optimization configuration model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the carbon sink and the economic benefit value of the vegetation restoration construction layout in the target zone.

[0057] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, actual evapotranspiration is used as an intermediate variable to establish the contradictory relationship between water and carbon, the maximum buildable area of ​​different vegetation types is used as a constraint, and the goal is to maximize the carbon sink volume and optimize the economic benefits of the vegetation restoration construction layout. An optimization configuration model is established to simulate the target construction area of ​​different types of vegetation in each configuration unit in the planned construction area of ​​vegetation restoration. The optimization configuration model is shown in the following formula:

[0058] In the formula, f (*) represents the expression of the optimal configuration model for vegetation restoration construction; Value i (*) indicates the construction input expression of vegetation type i; NEP i (*) represents the carbon sink expression of type i vegetation; SS i represents the target construction area of ​​type i vegetation, ff (*) and gg (*) represent the vegetation restoration construction area and carbon sink benefit and actual evapotranspiration ( ET i )’s functional relationship.

[0059] Step S404, gridding the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids.

[0060] Step S405, based on the pre-acquired meteorological and geographical element information of each grid, calculate the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid.

[0061] Specifically, the above step S205 includes: Step S4051, obtaining multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation.

[0062] Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present application, the vegetation type distribution data and meteorological and geographical element information such as soil, weather, and topography of the target area are collected, and the inverse distance weighted average method or the Kriging interpolation method is used to interpolate the above data to a uniform spatial resolution, and the geographic detector method is used to quantitatively calculate the influence of each factor on the distribution of vegetation types in the study area, and after normalization, the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on the distribution of each type of vegetation is obtained. The geographic detector method is a statistical method for detecting spatial heterogeneity and revealing the driving force behind it. Its assumption is: if an independent variable has a significant impact on the dependent variable, then the spatial distribution of the independent variable and the dependent variable should be similar.

[0063] Step S4052, based on the multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the weight of the influence of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation, calculate the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid.

[0064] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the suitability index of each type of vegetation in each grid can be calculated by the following formula:

[0065] In the formula, T i It represents the suitability grade index of type i vegetation; n Indicates the number of selected meteorological and geographical elements that affect the distribution of vegetation types; ω ij It represents the influence weight of factor j on type i vegetation; m ij It represents the suitability interval index of factor j to vegetation type i, which is divided by the ecological restoration vegetation construction standard.

[0066] Step S406, based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation, determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area.

[0067] Specifically, the above step S406 includes: Step S4061, determining the number of grids required for the corresponding type of vegetation based on the target construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the size information of the grids.

[0068] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the number of grids required for each type of vegetation can be calculated by the following formula:

[0069] In the formula, N i Indicates the number of grids that need to be deployed for vegetation type i SS i express i The target construction area of ​​the type of vegetation; aa represents the grid resolution, which can be 1 km, 500 m, etc.

[0070] Step S4062, based on the number of grids required for each type of vegetation and the suitability level index corresponding to different types of vegetation in each grid, determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area.

[0071] Illustratively, in an embodiment of the present application, for a certain grid unit, the suitability level index of the optional vegetation type is calculated, and the spatial layout of each vegetation type is performed according to the principle of highest suitability to obtain an optimized layout plan for vegetation restoration.

[0072] In this embodiment, a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned server. Figure 5 : is a flow chart of a method for optimizing layout of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S501, obtaining the ecological water requirements per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the areas corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply, and the ecological water requirements of vegetation.

[0073] Specifically, the above step S501 includes: Step S5011, obtain the area of ​​each partition, total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between watersheds, total slope flow, invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit, ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland, and ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation.

[0074] Step S5012, based on the total precipitation of each sub-area, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between watersheds, total slope flow and invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit, the annual average water supply of the corresponding sub-area is calculated.

[0075] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, a distributed hydrological model such as a SWAT model can be established to simulate and quantify the annual average water supply of each partition, and its specific expression is:

[0076] In the formula, WS represents the available water volume of the sub-basin, mm; P represents the total precipitation in the sub-basin, mm; △ D Indicates groundwater exchange volume, mm; △ I represents the amount of water resources exchange between basins, mm; R Indicates the total flow rate of the slope, mm; E α Indicates the invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit, mm; in, R ,△ D ,△ I , E α Calculated by the following formula:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, R o is the surface flow rate, mm; R s is the flow rate in soil, mm; E c is the evaporation of impermeable water, mm; E e is the ineffective evaporation between particles, mm; E w is the evaporation of water area; D 上 Indicates the amount of water rising, mm; D 漏 Indicates the amount of deep leakage, mm; I 入 Indicates the amount of water entering the partition, mm; I 出 Represents the outflow water volume of the partition, mm; the above parameters can be obtained by model simulation.

[0081] Step S5013, the ecological water demand of vegetation in the corresponding partition is calculated based on the ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland in each partition.

[0082] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the ecological water demand of vegetation in each partition can be calculated by the following formula:

[0083] In the formula, WD represents the water demand of the vegetation ecosystem in the sub-watershed, mm; ET g and ET lc Represent the ecological water requirements of cultivated land and forest and grassland, mm.

[0084] in, ET g and ET lc It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, ET 0 is the reference evaporation, mm; Kg is the crop coefficient, obtained based on experimental data from literature in the study area, mm; K c Indicates the vegetation coefficient, trees, shrubs and grassland K c The values ​​are 0.62, 0.5385 and 0.263 respectively; K s is the soil moisture coefficient, which is calculated using Jensen’s formula; LAI represents the leaf area index; α1 and α1 are empirical parameters; R n represents the net radiation of the surface, MJ·m -1 ·d -1 ; G represents soil heat flux, MJ·m -2 ·d -1 ; u 2 is the wind speed at a height of 2 meters, m / s; es is the saturated water vapor pressure, kPa; ea is the actual water vapor pressure, kPa; T is the average daily temperature in °C; Δ is the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve, kPa·℃ -1 ; γ is the psychrometric constant, kPa·℃ -1 .

[0088] Step S502, determining at least one target partition in different partitions, and determining a target unit based on the target partition, wherein the target partition is a partition where the annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit is an area with degraded vegetation in the target partition.

[0089] Step S503, determining the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation.

[0090] Step S504, gridding the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids.

[0091] Step S505, based on the pre-acquired meteorological and geographical element information of each grid, calculate the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid.

[0092] Step S506, based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation, determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area.

[0093] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises: Step a1, calculating the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem in the target area after vegetation restoration construction according to the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan.

[0094] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem in the target area can be calculated by the following formula:

[0095] In the formula, NEP 现状 It indicates the carbon sequestration of the vegetation ecosystem in the proposed study area before vegetation restoration construction is carried out; NEP 建设 It indicates the amount of carbon sink that can be constructed by vegetation restoration in the optimized layout plan.

[0096] Step a2, obtaining the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem in the target historical period.

[0097] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem in the target area during the target historical period can be calculated by the following formula:

[0098] In the formula, NEP 总k represents the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem in the target area during period k, NEP jk Represents the carbon sink of the jth type of vegetation in period k.

[0099] Step a3, determining the carbon sink benefits of vegetation restoration ecological construction in the target area based on the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem and the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem.

[0100] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the carbon sink benefit of vegetation restoration ecological construction in the target area can be calculated by the following formula:

[0101] In the formula, Δ NEP k = represents the carbon sink benefit of ecological construction of vegetation restoration in the target area relative to the historical period k. The carbon sink benefit calculation diagram of ecological construction of vegetation restoration in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0102] In this embodiment, a watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout device is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and the descriptions that have been made will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0103] This embodiment provides a watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout device, such as Figure 7 As shown, including: The first acquisition module 701 is used to obtain the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply, and the ecological water demand of vegetation; The first determination module 702 is used to determine at least one target partition in different partitions, and determine a target unit based on the target partition, wherein the target partition is a partition where the annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit is an area with degraded vegetation in the target partition; The second determination module 703 is used to determine the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation; The processing module 704 is used to perform grid processing on the target unit to obtain multiple grids; The first calculation module 705 is used to calculate the suitability index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance; The third determination module 706 is used to determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation.

[0104] In some optional implementations, the second determining module 703 includes: The first determination submodule is used to determine the maximum buildable area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation; The first calculation submodule is used to calculate the amount of carbon sink that can be constructed per unit area of ​​the corresponding type of vegetation based on the ecological water demand per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation; The solution submodule is used to input the constructible carbon sink per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the maximum constructible area, the ecological water demand per unit area, the average annual water supply of the target zone and the ecological water demand of vegetation into the pre-constructed optimization configuration model for solution, so as to obtain the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation. The optimization configuration model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the carbon sink and the economic benefit value of the vegetation restoration construction layout in the target zone.

[0105] In some optional implementations, the first acquisition module 701 includes: The first acquisition submodule is used to obtain the area of ​​each sub-zone, total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between watersheds, total slope flow, invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit, ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland, and ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; The second calculation submodule is used to calculate the annual average water supply of the corresponding sub-district based on the total precipitation of each sub-district, the groundwater exchange, the water resource exchange between watersheds, the total flow yield of the slope, and the invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit; The third calculation submodule is used to calculate the ecological water demand of vegetation in the corresponding zone based on the ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland in each zone.

[0106] In some optional implementations, the first calculation module 705 includes: The second acquisition submodule is used to obtain multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation; The fourth calculation submodule is used to calculate the suitability level index corresponding to the different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid based on multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation.

[0107] In some optional implementations, the third determining module 706 includes: The second determination submodule is used to determine the number of grids required for the corresponding type of vegetation based on the target construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the size information of the grid; The third determination submodule is used to determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the number of grids required for each type of vegetation and the suitability level index corresponding to different types of vegetation in each grid.

[0108] In some optional embodiments, the device further comprises: The second calculation module is used to calculate the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem in the target area after the vegetation restoration construction is carried out according to the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan; The second acquisition module is used to obtain the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem in the target historical period; The fourth determination module is used to determine the carbon sink benefits of vegetation restoration ecological construction in the target area based on the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem and the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem.

[0109] The further functional description of each of the above modules and units is the same as that of the above corresponding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout device in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above-mentioned functions.

[0111] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device having the above Figure 7 The optimized layout device for watershed vegetation restoration is shown.

[0112] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components are connected to each other using different buses for communication, and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of the GUI on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides some necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Figure 8 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0113] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be a dedicated integrated circuit, a programmable logic device or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic or any combination thereof.

[0114] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10, so that the at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0115] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some optional embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0116] The memory 20 may include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0117] The computer device further comprises a communication interface 30 for the computer device to communicate with other devices or a communication network.

[0118] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or can be implemented as a computer code that can be recorded in a storage medium, or can be implemented as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium and will be stored in a local storage medium through a network download, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid-state hard disk, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memories. It can be understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor, or hardware, the method shown in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0119] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0120] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of watershed vegetation restoration, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply, and the ecological water demand of vegetation; Determine at least one target zone in different zones, and determine a target unit based on the target zone, wherein the target zone is a zone where the annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the target unit is an area where vegetation is degraded in the target zone; Determine the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; Performing grid processing on the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids; Based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance, calculate the suitability index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid; Based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation, an optimized layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of determining the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation include: Based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand of different types of vegetation, the maximum buildable area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone is determined; Based on the ecological water demand per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the amount of carbon sink that can be constructed per unit area of ​​the corresponding type of vegetation is calculated; The constructible carbon sink per unit area of ​​each type of vegetation, the maximum constructible area, the ecological water demand per unit area, the average annual water supply of the target zone and the ecological water demand of vegetation are input into a pre-constructed optimization configuration model for solution to obtain the target construction areas corresponding to different types of vegetation. The optimization configuration model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the carbon sink and the economic benefit value of the vegetation restoration construction layout in the target zone.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of obtaining the unit area ecological water requirements corresponding to different types of vegetation, the areas corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the annual average water supply, and the ecological water requirements of vegetation include: Obtain the area of ​​each sub-area, total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between watersheds, total slope flow, invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit, ecological water demand of cultivated land and forest and grassland, and ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation; The average annual water supply of the corresponding zone is calculated based on the total precipitation, groundwater exchange, water resource exchange between watersheds, total slope flow and invalid evaporation of the evaluation unit. The ecological water demand of the vegetation in the corresponding partition is calculated based on the ecological water demand of the cultivated land and forest and grassland in each partition.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The steps of calculating the suitability index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance include: Obtain multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation; Based on multiple meteorological and geographical element information of each grid and the influence weight of each meteorological and geographical element information on each type of vegetation, the suitability grade index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid is calculated.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the suitability index corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction area corresponding to the different types of vegetation includes: Determining the number of grids required for the corresponding type of vegetation based on the target construction area of ​​each type of vegetation and the size information of the grids; Based on the number of grids required for each type of vegetation and the suitability level index corresponding to different types of vegetation in each grid, an optimized layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area is determined.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Calculate the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem in the target area after the vegetation restoration construction is carried out according to the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout plan; Obtain the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem during the target historical period; The carbon sink benefit of the vegetation restoration ecological construction in the target area is determined based on the total carbon sink of the first vegetation ecosystem and the total carbon sink of the second vegetation ecosystem.

7. A watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The first acquisition module is used to obtain the ecological water demand per unit area corresponding to different types of vegetation, the area corresponding to different sub-areas in the target area, the average annual water supply and the ecological water demand of vegetation. The target unit is the area with degraded vegetation in the target sub-area. A first determination module is used to determine at least one target partition among different partitions, and determine a target unit based on the target partition, wherein the target partition is a partition whose annual average water supply is greater than the ecological water demand of vegetation; The second determination module is used to determine the target construction area corresponding to different types of vegetation in the target zone based on the area of ​​the target zone, the average annual water supply, the ecological water demand of vegetation, and the unit area ecological water demand corresponding to different types of vegetation; A processing module, used for performing grid processing on the target unit to obtain a plurality of grids; The first calculation module is used to calculate the suitability index corresponding to the layout of different types of vegetation in the corresponding grid based on the meteorological and geographical element information of each grid obtained in advance; The third determination module is used to determine the optimal layout plan for watershed vegetation restoration in the target area based on the suitability level indexes corresponding to the different types of vegetation arranged in the grid and the target construction areas corresponding to the different types of vegetation.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the computer instructions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that It comprises computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the watershed vegetation restoration optimization layout method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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