Grain phenotypic characteristic acquisition method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a grain phenotypic characteristic acquisition method, device and equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of agriculture, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the first phenotypic characteristic data of a target grain based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain; based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, and the second phenotypic characteristic data comprises at least one of an endosperm nutrition density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, seed coat wrapping compactness and an endosperm density uniformity index. According to the grain phenotypic characteristic acquisition method, device, equipment and medium provided by the invention, phenotypic characteristics capable of reflecting grain morphological variation can be acquired more accurately and more efficiently, and a data basis can be provided for systematically analyzing a development and establishment rule of a grain overall morphological structure and internal association between the development and establishment rule and quality; theoretical guidance can be provided for designing and cultivating high-quality and high-yield new varieties, and establishment of key regulation genes of grains and creation of related molecular markers can be accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains. Background Art

[0002] The phenotypic characteristics of grains refer to the various characteristics of grains in terms of morphology and structure, including the length, width, diameter, shape, color, density, internal tissue differentiation, and the distribution of substances such as starch and protein. The phenotypic characteristics of grains not only affect their storage quality and nutritional value, but also determine their processing suitability and taste quality.

[0003] In the related technology, the traditional method of collecting grain phenotypic characteristics can use drainage method (alcohol drainage method), mathematical calculation and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) technology to obtain the phenotypic characteristics of grains.

[0004] However, the grain phenotypic characteristics collected based on the above-mentioned traditional grain phenotypic characteristics collection method are usually limited to phenotypic characteristics such as length, width, volume and density, and it is difficult to collect phenotypic characteristics that can characterize grain morphological variation. Therefore, how to collect phenotypic characteristics that can reflect grain morphological variation is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and medium for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains, so as to solve the defect in the prior art that it is difficult to collect phenotypic characteristics that can reflect grain morphological variation, and realize the collection of phenotypic characteristics that can reflect grain morphological variation.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains, comprising the following steps.

[0007] Obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains; Based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, wherein the first phenotypic characteristic data includes multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and surface area of ​​the endosperm; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, and the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0008] According to a method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm nutritional density index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm volume and the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a first intermediate result; The quotient of the endosperm volume of the target grain and the first intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm nutritional density index of the target grain.

[0009] According to a method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm integrity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the cavity volume in the endosperm and the endosperm volume; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the quotient of the cavity volume in the endosperm of the target grain and the endosperm volume as a second intermediate result; The difference between the first preset value and the second intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm integrity index of the target grain.

[0010] According to a method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the embryo growth index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: The quotient of the volume of the embryo of the target grain and the surface area of ​​the embryo of the target grain is calculated as the embryo growth index of the target grain.

[0011] According to a method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains provided by the present invention, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the seed coat wrapping density, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the volume and sphericity of the grains; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the volume and sphericity of the target grain as a third intermediate result; The quotient of the volume of the target grain and the third intermediate result is calculated as the seed coat wrapping density of the target grain.

[0012] According to a method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm density uniformity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm surface area and the length, width and height of the minimum endosperm bounding box; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a fourth intermediate result; Calculating the quotient of the endosperm surface area of ​​the target grain and the fourth intermediate result as a fifth intermediate result; The difference between the second preset value and the fifth intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grain.

[0013] According to a method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains provided by the present invention, the step of obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains comprises: Acquiring Micro-CT data of the target grain; Based on the Micro-CT data of the target grain, three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain is acquired.

[0014] The present invention also provides a device for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics, comprising the following modules: A data acquisition module, used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains; a first calculation module, for obtaining first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, wherein the first phenotypic characteristic data includes multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of a minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and surface area of ​​the endosperm; The second calculation module is used to obtain second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, wherein the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, any of the above-mentioned methods for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics is implemented.

[0016] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics as described above is implemented.

[0018] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and medium for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains. Based on three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains, multiple of the endosperm volume of the target grains, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grains and the endosperm surface area are obtained as first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains. Then, based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, at least one of the endosperm nutritional density index, the endosperm integrity index, the embryo growth index, the seed coat wrapping tightness and the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grains is obtained as second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains. The phenotypic characteristics that can reflect the morphological variation of the grains can be collected more accurately and efficiently, and a data basis can be provided for systematic analysis of the development and construction laws of the overall morphological structure of the grains and their intrinsic relationship with the quality. The theoretical guidance can be provided for designing and cultivating high-quality and high-yield new varieties, which is helpful to accelerate the establishment of key regulatory genes of grains and the creation of related molecular markers, and can provide new tools for molecular design breeding, which is of great significance for improving the comprehensive production capacity and utilization value of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain phenotypic characteristic acquisition device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually a class, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, in the description of the present application, "and / or" represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally represents that the front and back associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] It should be noted that Micro-CT (micro-computed tomography) technology is a non-destructive 3D imaging technology that can observe the internal microscopic structure of a sample without destroying the sample. It has extremely high resolution, reaching the micron (um) level.

[0027] Micro-CT technology based on three-dimensional tomography provides a new way to obtain the internal and external microstructure of grains non-destructively and with high precision. Micro-CT technology can reconstruct a three-dimensional image by measuring the different absorption rates of X-rays by the internal tissues of the grains, thereby discovering the subtle structural changes hidden inside the grains, greatly expanding the measurable dimensions of the phenotypic characteristics of the grains.

[0028] Although great progress has been made in the collection of grain phenotypic characteristics using Micro-CT technology, there are still some technical problems that need to be solved. Although Micro-CT technology can obtain multi-dimensional phenotypic characteristics of grains, it is mostly limited to phenotypic characteristics such as length, width, volume and density, and lacks phenotypic characteristics that can reflect differences in grain morphology.

[0029] As a complex geometric system, grains have phenotypic characteristics such as length, width, volume, and density. In addition, the surface characteristics of grains and the arrangement of internal tissues are also closely related to the characteristics of grains. It is necessary to obtain phenotypic characteristics that can fully characterize the morphological variation of grains. The lack of phenotypic characteristics that can fully characterize the morphological variation of grains will lead to a lack of phenotypic data on germplasm resources, which will in turn limit the utilization of germplasm resources and hinder the progress of crop breeding.

[0030] In this regard, the present invention provides a method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains. The method for collecting the performance characteristics of grains provided by the present invention establishes a high-throughput method for rapid analysis of three-dimensional grain morphological phenotypes based on Micro-CT, and constructs phenotypic characteristic data that can comprehensively characterize grain morphological variation, which can lay a solid foundation for the genetic analysis of grain structure development regulation, and can not only systematically analyze the development and construction rules of the overall morphological structure of corn grains and their intrinsic relationship with quality, and provide theoretical guidance for the design and cultivation of high-quality and high-yield new varieties, but also help to accelerate the identification of key grain regulatory genes and the creation of related molecular markers, and provide new tools for molecular design breeding, which is of great significance to improving the comprehensive production capacity and utilization value of corn.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1 The present invention describes the method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 101, obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains.

[0033] It should be noted that the execution subject of the embodiment of the present invention is a grain phenotype feature collection device. The grain phenotype feature collection device can be configured in electronic devices such as computers and servers.

[0034] Specifically, the target grain is the collection object of the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention. Based on the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention, phenotypic characteristics that can characterize the morphological variation of the target grain can be collected.

[0035] It is understandable that the target grains in the embodiment of the present invention can be determined based on actual needs, and the types of the target grains can be corn, wheat, rice, barley, sorghum, soybean, etc. The types of the target grains and the target grains are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain can be obtained in a variety of ways. For example, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain can be obtained by using instruments such as radar sensors; or, in the embodiment of the present invention, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) calculation can be used to obtain the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain includes: obtaining Micro-CT data of the target grain.

[0038] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a micro-computed tomography device can be used to scan the target grains to obtain Micro-CT data of the target grains.

[0039] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a 1172 micro-computed tomography device (Bruker Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA) can be used to scan the target grains to obtain Micro-CT data of the target grains.

[0040] When using a micro-computed tomography device to scan the target kernel, the target kernel is fixed on a foam board and placed in the micro-computed tomography device for scanning. The scanning setting is 2K mode (2000×1332px) with a resolution of 13.55μm. The scanning voltage is 40kV and the current is 250μA. The micro-computed tomography device continuously scans the target kernel at 180° at intervals of 0.4° to obtain the original Micro-CT data of the target kernel.

[0041] After obtaining the original Micro-CT data of the target kernel, the original Micro-CT data of the target kernel can be reconstructed using CT Scan NRecon1.6.9.4 (Micro Photonics Inc, Allentown, PA, USA) software to obtain a series of reconstructed virtual kernel cross-sectional images with a resolution of 2000 × 2000 px and a format of 8-bit BMP as the Micro-CT data of the target kernel.

[0042] Based on the Micro-CT data of the target grain, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain is obtained.

[0043] Specifically, after the Micro-CT data of the target grains are acquired, the Micro-CT data of the target grains can be imported and annotated, three-dimensional structure extracted, point cloud data converted, and high-throughput geometric parameter extracted.

[0044] Specifically, the ITK-SNAP software was first used to import the Micro-CT data of the target grains, and the annotation tools were used to accurately annotate the embryo and endosperm parts of the target grains to ensure that the annotation results were accurate and consistent. The 3D reconstruction tool of the software was then used to convert the annotated parts into 3D models and export them to obtain the 3D model files corresponding to the target grains.

[0045] Secondly, the self-developed Python program can be called to read the three-dimensional model file corresponding to the target grain, extract the vertex data of the target grain and convert it into a point cloud format, and generate three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain containing point coordinate information.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention uses Micro-CT technology to accurately capture the internal structure and subtle features of the target grains, and then obtains three-dimensional point cloud data that can accurately reflect the internal structure of the target grains based on the Micro-CT data of the target grains. The high-precision three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grains can be obtained without destroying the target grains, and a more accurate data basis can be provided for the collection of phenotypic characteristics of the target grains. Based on the high-precision three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grains, the phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, such as the endosperm volume, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grains, and the endosperm surface area, can be more accurately obtained.

[0047] The data obtained by Micro-CT scanning can be further processed to generate 3D point cloud data, thereby achieving high-precision 3D reconstruction of the target kernel. This reconstruction not only retains the geometric shape of the kernel, but also accurately reflects its internal structure, providing a solid foundation for subsequent analysis and research.

[0048] Step 102: based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, the first phenotypic characteristic data including endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and endosperm surface area.

[0049] Specifically, after obtaining the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the embryo of the target grain and the maximum distance of the three-dimensional point cloud data of the endosperm of the target grain in the directions of the maximum, second largest, and minimum axes can be obtained based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the endosperm of the target grain. Then, based on the maximum distance of the three-dimensional point cloud data of the embryo of the target grain and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the endosperm of the target grain in the directions of the maximum, second largest, and minimum axes, the phenotypic characteristic data such as the length, width, and height of the embryo and endosperm of the target grain can be calculated.

[0050] After obtaining the phenotypic characteristic data of the embryo and endosperm of the target grain, such as the length, width and height, the endosperm volume, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grain, and the surface area of ​​the endosperm can be calculated by numerical calculation as the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain. Among them, the minimum bounding box of the endosperm refers to the minimum circumscribed rectangular box of the endosperm.

[0051] In addition, by comparing the spatial positions of the three-dimensional point cloud data of the embryo in the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain with the surface point cloud data of the seed coat, the Euclidean distance from the embryo surface of the target grain to each point on the seed coat surface can be calculated, thereby obtaining the maximum distance and minimum distance between the embryo surface and the seed coat surface of the target grain, so as to accurately define the spatial position relationship between the embryo surface and the seed coat surface of the target grain.

[0052] Step 103: Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, wherein the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density, and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree to which the seed coat wraps the internal structure of the grain tightly; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0053] Specifically, after obtaining the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, at least one of the endosperm nutritional density index, endosperm integrity index, embryo growth index, seed coat wrapping tightness and endosperm density uniformity index of the target grains can be obtained through numerical calculation, mathematical statistics or deep learning technology as the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention obtains multiple of the endosperm volume of the target grain, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grain and the endosperm surface area as the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, and then obtains at least one of the endosperm nutritional density index, the endosperm integrity index, the embryo growth index, the seed coat wrapping tightness and the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain as the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain. The phenotypic characteristics that can reflect the morphological variation of the grain can be collected more accurately and efficiently, and a data basis can be provided for systematic analysis of the development and construction laws of the overall morphological structure of the grain and its intrinsic relationship with the quality, and theoretical guidance can be provided for the design and cultivation of high-quality and high-yield new varieties, which is helpful to accelerate the establishment of key regulatory genes of grains and the creation of related molecular markers, and can provide new tools for molecular design breeding, which is of great significance for improving the comprehensive production capacity and utilization value of crops.

[0055] As an optional embodiment, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm nutritional density index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm volume and the length, width and height of the endosperm minimum bounding box; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain includes: calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a first intermediate result; The quotient of the endosperm volume of the target grain and the first intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm nutrient density index of the target grain.

[0056] Specifically, the Endosperm Nutrient Density Index (ENDODS) ENDI ), which can reflect the density of nutrients in the endosperm of the grain. Endosperm nutrient density index of grain ENDI The larger the value, the more nutrients (such as starch, protein and fat) are stored in the endosperm of the grain under the same volume. ENDI Directly related to the nutritional quality of seeds and early growth of seedlings, the endosperm nutritional density index ENDI The kernels with larger values ​​have better germination and seedling growth performance.

[0057] Endosperm nutrient density index ENDI It can be calculated by the following formula: (1) in, It indicates the endosperm volume of the kernel; Represents the length of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel; Represents the width of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel; Represents the height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the endosperm nutritional density index of the target grain based on the endosperm volume of the target grain and the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm. Based on the more conventional phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the endosperm nutritional density index that can reflect the density of nutrients in the endosperm of the grain can be obtained, which can provide a more accurate data basis for improving grain screening efficiency, accurately evaluating grain nutritional quality, assisting breeding decisions, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0059] As an optional embodiment, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes an endosperm integrity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes a cavity volume in the endosperm and an endosperm volume; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain includes: calculating the quotient of the cavity volume in the endosperm of the target grain and the endosperm volume as the second intermediate result; The difference between the first preset value and the second intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm integrity index of the target grain.

[0060] Specifically, the Endosperm Integrity Index (EII) ENII ), reflects the integrity of the endosperm in the grain. Endosperm integrity index of grain ENII The closer the value is to 1, the smaller the proportion of hollow space in the endosperm of the grain is, and the more complete the endosperm structure is. The endosperm integrity of the grain is very important for the germination and seedling growth of the grain. Grains with higher endosperm integrity have higher germination rates and more uniform seedling growth.

[0061] It should be noted that the value of the first preset value in the embodiment of the present invention may be a positive integer greater than 0 and less than 6. The value of the first preset value in the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.

[0062] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the value of the first preset value is 1.

[0063] Endosperm integrity index ENII It can be calculated by the following formula: (2) in, It indicates the endosperm volume of the kernel; Represents the volume of the cavity within the endosperm of the grain.

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the endosperm integrity index of the target grain based on the cavity volume in the endosperm of the target grain and the endosperm volume of the target grain. Based on the more conventional phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the endosperm integrity index that can reflect the integrity of the endosperm of the grain can be obtained. This can provide a more accurate data basis for improving grain screening efficiency, accurately evaluating grain nutritional quality, assisting breeding decisions, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0065] As an optional embodiment, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes an embryo growth index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes a volume and a surface area of ​​the embryo; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, including: calculating the quotient of the volume of the embryo of the target grain and the surface area of ​​the embryo of the target grain as the embryo growth index of the target grain.

[0066] Specifically, the embryo growth index (Embryo Volume-Surface Ratio, EMVSR ), reflects the relationship between the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo of the grain. The embryo growth index of the grain EMVSR The larger the value, the larger the volume of the embryo is relative to its surface area, which means that the embryo has more stored nutrients or more developed hypocotyl and cotyledon structures. EMVSR The taller the kernel, the higher the probability of kernel germination and / or the better early growth status of the seedling.

[0067] Embryonic growth index EMVSR It can be calculated by the following formula: (3) in, Represents the volume of the embryo of the kernel; Represents the surface area of ​​the embryo of the kernel.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the embryo growth index of the target grain based on the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo of the target grain. It can obtain the embryo growth index that can reflect the growth ability of the embryo of the grain based on the more conventional phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, and can provide a more accurate data basis for improving the efficiency of grain screening, accurately evaluating the nutritional quality of grains, assisting breeding decisions, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0069] As an optional embodiment, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes seed coat wrapping density, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes grain volume and sphericity; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain includes: calculating the product of the volume and sphericity of the target grain as a third intermediate result; The quotient of the volume of the target seed and the third intermediate result is calculated as the seed coat wrapping density of the target seed.

[0070] Specifically, the seed coat tightness index (Seed Coat Tightness Index, SCTI ), reflects the degree to which the seed coat tightly wraps the internal structure of the grain. SCTI The closer the value is to 1, the tighter the seed coat fits the internal structure of the grain. The tight wrapping of the seed coat can protect the endosperm and embryo of the grain, preventing mechanical damage and pathogen infection. At the same time, the tight wrapping of the seed coat can also affect the exchange of water and gas between the grain and the seed coat. SCTI Related to seed dormancy and germination.

[0071] Seed coat wrapping tightness SCTI It can be calculated by the following formula: (4) in, Indicates the volume of the grain; Indicates the sphericity of the kernels.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the seed coat wrapping density of the target grain based on the volume and sphericity of the target grain, and can obtain the seed coat wrapping density that can reflect the degree to which the seed coat tightly wraps the internal structure of the grain based on the more conventional phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain. This can provide a more accurate data basis for improving the efficiency of grain screening, accurately evaluating the nutritional quality of grains, assisting breeding decisions, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, when the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm density uniformity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm surface area and the length, width and height of the endosperm minimum bounding box; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain includes: calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a fourth intermediate result; calculating the quotient of the endosperm surface area of ​​the target grain and the fourth intermediate result as the fifth intermediate result; The difference between the second preset value and the fifth intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grain.

[0074] Specifically, the Endosperm Density Uniformity Index (EDU) ENDUI ), which can reflect the uniformity of the endosperm density of the grain. Endosperm density uniformity index of grain ENDUI The closer the value is to 0, the more uniform the endosperm density of the grain. The uniformity of endosperm density is related to the synthesis, accumulation and transportation of nutrients. Endosperm density uniformity index ENDUI Taller kernels have more stable nutrient storage and supply capabilities, a higher probability of kernel germination and / or better early seedling growth status.

[0075] It should be noted that the value of the second preset value in the embodiment of the present invention may be a positive integer greater than 0 and less than 6. The value of the second preset value in the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.

[0076] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the value of the second preset value is 1.

[0077] Endosperm density uniformity index ENDUI It can be calculated by the following formula: (5) in, It represents the endosperm surface area of ​​the kernel; Represents the length of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel; Represents the width of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel; Represents the height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the kernel.

[0078] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the seed coat wrapping density of the target grain based on the endosperm surface area of ​​the target grain and the length, height and width of the minimum endosperm bounding box of the target grain. Based on the more conventional phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the seed coat wrapping density that can reflect the degree to which the seed coat tightly wraps the internal structure of the grain can be obtained. This can provide a more accurate data basis for improving the efficiency of grain screening, accurately evaluating the nutritional quality of grains, assisting breeding decisions, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0079] The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics provided by the present invention can increase the three-dimensional phenotypic characteristic parameters of the grain to 27 based on the phenotypic analysis method of the point cloud data after obtaining the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain based on the Micro-CT technology, thereby improving the accuracy of grain phenotypic analysis. In addition, compared with a single indicator, the composite index provides a more accurate trait evaluation and significantly improves the accuracy and explanatory power of heritability analysis. Among them, the morphological phenotypic indicators (endosperm density uniformity index and endosperm integrity index) are located at the center of the interaction network of the grain phenotypic characteristic parameter group, revealing the synergistic relationship and environmental adaptation strategy during grain growth and development.

[0080] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain phenotype characteristic collection device provided by the present invention. Figure 2 The grain phenotypic characteristic collection device provided by the present invention is described. The grain phenotypic characteristic collection device described below and the grain phenotypic characteristic collection method provided by the present invention described above can be referred to each other. Figure 2 As shown, the device includes: a data acquisition module 201, a first calculation module 202 and a second calculation module 203.

[0081] The data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain; A first calculation module 202 is used to obtain first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, wherein the first phenotypic characteristic data includes multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and surface area of ​​the endosperm; The second calculation module 203 is used to obtain second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the second phenotypic characteristic data including at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping tightness and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping tightness is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0082] Specifically, the data acquisition module 201, the first calculation module 202 and the second calculation module 203 are electrically connected.

[0083] The grain phenotypic characteristic acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention obtains the endosperm volume of the target grain, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grain and the endosperm surface area of ​​the target grain as the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, and then obtains at least one of the endosperm nutritional density index, the endosperm integrity index, the embryo growth index, the seed coat wrapping tightness and the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain as the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain. The phenotypic characteristics that can reflect the morphological variation of the grain can be collected more accurately and efficiently, and a data basis can be provided for systematic analysis of the development and construction laws of the overall morphological structure of the grain and its intrinsic relationship with the quality. It can provide theoretical guidance for the design and cultivation of high-quality and high-yield new varieties, help to accelerate the establishment of key regulatory genes of grains and the creation of related molecular markers, and provide new tools for molecular design breeding, which is of great significance for improving the comprehensive production capacity and utilization value of crops.

[0084] Figure 3 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 310 , a communications interface 320 , a memory 330 and a communication bus 340 , wherein the processor 310 , the communications interface 320 , and the memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340 . The processor 310 can call the logic instructions in the memory 330 to execute the method for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains, which method includes: obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains; based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grains, obtaining first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, the first phenotypic characteristic data including multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grains, and endosperm surface area; based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, obtaining second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grains, the second phenotypic characteristic data including at least one of endosperm nutritional density index, endosperm integrity index, embryo growth index, seed coat wrapping tightness and endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping tightness is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0085] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 330 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0086] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the grain phenotypic feature acquisition method provided by the above methods, and the method includes: obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain; based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, obtaining first phenotypic feature data of the target grain, the first phenotypic feature data including endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain. degree and endosperm surface area; based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, the second phenotypic characteristic data including at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping tightness and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping tightness is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0087] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the grain phenotypic feature acquisition method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain; based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, acquiring first phenotypic feature data of the target grain, the first phenotypic feature data comprising multiple of the endosperm volume, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the cavity volume in the endosperm, the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, the volume and sphericity of the grain, and the surface area of ​​the endosperm; based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, acquiring first phenotypic feature data of the target grain, the first phenotypic feature data comprising multiple of the endosperm volume, the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, the volume of the cavity ... Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, and the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree to which the seed coat wraps the internal structure of the grain tightly; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

[0088] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0089] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics, characterized in that: include: Obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains; Based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, wherein the first phenotypic characteristic data includes multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and surface area of ​​the endosperm; Based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain is obtained, and the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

2. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm nutritional density index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm volume and the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a first intermediate result; The quotient of the endosperm volume of the target grain and the first intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm nutritional density index of the target grain.

3. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm integrity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the cavity volume within the endosperm and the endosperm volume; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the quotient of the cavity volume in the endosperm of the target grain and the endosperm volume as a second intermediate result; The difference between the first preset value and the second intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm integrity index of the target grain.

4. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the embryo growth index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the volume and surface area of ​​the embryo; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: The quotient of the volume of the embryo of the target grain and the surface area of ​​the embryo of the target grain is calculated as the embryo growth index of the target grain.

5. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the seed coat wrapping density, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the volume and sphericity of the grain; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the volume and sphericity of the target grain as a third intermediate result; The quotient of the volume of the target grain and the third intermediate result is calculated as the seed coat wrapping density of the target grain.

6. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the second phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm density uniformity index, the first phenotypic characteristic data includes the endosperm surface area and the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm; The step of obtaining the second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain comprises: Calculating the product of the length, width and height of the minimum bounding box of the endosperm of the target grain as a fourth intermediate result; Calculating the quotient of the endosperm surface area of ​​the target grain and the fourth intermediate result as a fifth intermediate result; The difference between the second preset value and the fifth intermediate result is calculated as the endosperm density uniformity index of the target grain.

7. The method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grains includes: Acquiring Micro-CT data of the target grain; Based on the Micro-CT data of the target grain, three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain is acquired.

8. A device for collecting phenotypic characteristics of grains, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of target grains; a first calculation module, for obtaining first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target grain, wherein the first phenotypic characteristic data includes multiple of endosperm volume, length, width and height of a minimum bounding box of the endosperm, cavity volume in the endosperm, volume and surface area of ​​the embryo, volume and sphericity of the grain, and surface area of ​​the endosperm; The second calculation module is used to obtain second phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain based on the first phenotypic characteristic data of the target grain, wherein the second phenotypic characteristic data includes at least one of an endosperm nutritional density index, an endosperm integrity index, an embryo growth index, a seed coat wrapping density and an endosperm density uniformity index; the endosperm nutritional density index is used to describe the density of nutrients in the endosperm; the endosperm integrity index is used to describe the integrity of the endosperm; the embryo growth index is used to describe the growth ability of the embryo; the seed coat wrapping density is used to describe the degree of tight wrapping of the seed coat on the internal structure of the grain; and the endosperm density uniformity index is used to describe the uniformity of the endosperm density.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for collecting grain phenotypic characteristics as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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