Liquid lithium divertor device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion devices, and discloses a liquid lithium divertor device. The liquid lithium divertor device comprises a liquid film generator, and the liquid film generator comprises a liquid lithium input area and a liquid lithium conveying area; the divertor target plate and the heating bottom plate are detachably connected to the liquid lithium conveying area; an inlet of the liquid lithium input area is communicated with the conveying pipeline, and a plurality of first sub-runners are distributed in the liquid lithium input area in a dendritic structure; an inlet of the liquid lithium conveying area is communicated with an outlet of the first sub-runner through a vertical runner, an outlet of the liquid lithium conveying area is in contact with the top of the divertor target plate, and the flowing direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium conveying area is parallel to the flowing direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate. According to the liquid lithium divertor device, liquid lithium can be continuously conveyed to the target plate, the flow of the liquid lithium is uniform, spreading of the liquid lithium flowing along the target plate can be improved, a larger spreading area is obtained, splashing of the liquid lithium can be prevented, and meanwhile the target plate can be conveniently replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion devices, and in particular to a liquid lithium divertor device. Background Art

[0002] The divertor is a component of a toroidal fusion device such as a tokamak device. The divertor is used to divert the charged particles in the outer shell of the discharge into a separate chamber, where they hit a baffle and become neutral particles that are pumped away. The divertor can prevent high-energy particles in the outer shell from hitting the walls of the main discharge chamber, thereby preventing the release of secondary particles from the chamber walls that can cool the discharge.

[0003] In the high-temperature plasma vacuum chamber of the tokamak, the component facing the plasma is called the first wall component, which is bombarded by high-energy particles from the plasma, while the limiter / divertor confines the interaction between the plasma and the material to the limiter area, avoiding damage to other first wall materials by high-energy particles from the plasma, reducing impurity backflow, and alleviating impurity pollution to the plasma. Existing tokamaks mainly use solid materials such as carbon, beryllium and tungsten as divertor materials, but with the development of tokamaks, the high heat load shock, plasma and neutron irradiation on the divertor are getting stronger and stronger, which is gradually approaching the tolerance limit of existing solid materials. The service life and the structural changes and transmutation reactions of the crystals under neutron irradiation are also the problems that have always plagued solid divertors.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, liquid metal lithium divertor has become one of the research hotspots at home and abroad. Compared with traditional solid material walls, liquid metal lithium divertor has not only a longer service life and higher heat load transport capacity, but also good self-renewal ability and strong resistance to neutron irradiation damage. At the same time, lithium, as a first wall material with low neutron number and strong chemical activity, has good compatibility with plasma, can effectively control impurity particles, reduce particle recycling, and improve plasma confinement performance. And under plasma bombardment, the surface of the flowing lithium wall forms a polar asymmetric lithium radiation mantle, which shields the heat flow from the plasma and effectively alleviates the corrosion and damage of the heat flow of the plasma to the surface of the divertor target plate. It not only has obvious engineering application value, but also is one of the possible first wall schemes for controlled nuclear fusion.

[0005] However, in the current liquid metal lithium divertor of the prior art, for example Figure 1 Schematic diagram of lithium surface coverage of the liquid lithium divertor device in the EAST device shown. Figure 1The middle red circle is the uncovered area. It can be seen that the spreading coverage of liquid lithium on the divertor target plate is only about 50%. Other areas not covered by liquid lithium are still directly corroded and damaged by high-temperature plasma, which leads to the overall destruction of the liquid divertor components.

[0006] In order to improve the spreading property of liquid lithium on the divertor target plate, the existing liquid metal lithium divertor is provided with multiple liquid discharge holes to generate lithium film flow in a manner of supplying liquid outward perpendicularly to the divertor target plate through the multiple liquid discharge holes. Figure 2 As shown, multiple rows of liquid outlet holes are evenly arranged horizontally at the top, and the size of each small hole is 0.8mm×0.8mm. The liquid flows out from the liquid outlet holes from bottom to top in a direction perpendicular to the target plate, and then flows downward by gravity to achieve the generation of membrane flow. Although this setting can improve the spreadability of liquid lithium on the divertor target plate to a certain extent, it still has the following defects: 1) The liquid is unevenly distributed in the pipeline, resulting in different liquid flow rates out of each outlet, which will still cause uneven liquid distribution in the membrane flow area; 2) The liquid flows out perpendicular to the target plate and flows downward only driven by gravity. However, due to the large surface tension of lithium, the contact angle is large, that is, the wettability with the solid wall is poor. When gravity and surface tension are balanced, the liquid is difficult to spread spontaneously to the surroundings. Such physical properties make the liquid lithium on the target plate more inclined to gather and flow down in strands, rather than spread out to the surroundings as a liquid film, making it difficult to spread well on the target plate; 3) The divertor target plate area and the membrane flow generator area are designed as an integrated whole, which is difficult to replace, resulting in a large experimental workload and material consumption. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the lithium film flow has insufficient spreading area on the divertor target plate, the lithium film flow is unevenly distributed and difficult to replace, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid lithium divertor device.

[0008] A liquid lithium divertor device of the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0009] The invention provides a liquid lithium divertor device, comprising a liquid film generator, a divertor target plate, a heating bottom plate and a conveying pipeline.

[0010] The liquid film generator of the present invention comprises a liquid lithium input area and a liquid lithium transport area.

[0011] The divertor target plate and the heating base plate are detachably connected to the liquid lithium transport area by bolts in sequence to form a sandwich structure. The detachable setting makes it easy to replace the target plate at a later stage, thereby effectively reducing the experimental engineering workload and material consumption.

[0012] The inlet of the liquid lithium input zone is connected to the outlet of the conveying pipeline, so that after the liquid lithium is input through the conveying pipeline, it can enter the inlet of the liquid lithium input zone through the outlet of the conveying pipeline and be temporarily stored in the liquid lithium input zone.

[0013] A first flow channel is arranged in the liquid lithium input area, and the first flow channel includes a plurality of first sub-flow channels, and the plurality of first sub-flow channels are distributed in a branch-like structure, so that after the liquid lithium enters the liquid lithium input area, it is divided into a plurality of flow channels by the plurality of first sub-flow channels, thereby improving the uniform distribution of the liquid lithium.

[0014] In the present invention, the inlet of the liquid lithium transport zone is connected to the outlets of the plurality of first sub-flow channels through a vertical flow channel, the outlet of the liquid lithium transport zone contacts the top of the divertor target plate, and the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium transport zone is in the same direction and parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, thereby changing the liquid lithium in the traditional divertor from being supplied outwardly in a manner perpendicular to the target plate to being supplied outwardly in the same direction and parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium can be more balanced in the flow process of the liquid lithium transport zone, and splashing caused by excessive flow can be prevented, thereby making the liquid lithium flowing out of the liquid lithium transport zone more evenly distributed, and the liquid lithium flowing out of the liquid lithium transport zone can be driven by its own gravity and the pressure generated by the flow, so that the membrane flow can be spread more evenly on the divertor target plate, thereby improving the spreading coverage rate of the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a second flow channel is provided in the liquid lithium transport area, and the second flow channel includes a plurality of second sub-flow channels, and the number of the second sub-flow channels is half of the number of the first sub-flow channels. The flow direction of the liquid lithium in each of the second sub-flow channels is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, and the inlet of each of the second sub-flow channels is arranged perpendicularly to the outlet of the first sub-flow channel, so that the liquid lithium flowing out of the plurality of the first sub-flow channels is re-divided through the vertical flow channels arranged in the vertical direction, so as to increase the flow power of the liquid lithium, so that the liquid lithium flows more evenly into the second flow channel. Since each of the second sub-flow channels is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, the uniformity of the liquid flow rate flowing out of each of the second sub-flow channels can be improved, so that the liquid lithium flowing out can be driven by its own gravity and the pressure generated by the flow, so that the membrane flow is spread more evenly on the divertor target plate, thereby improving the spreading coverage of the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the number of the first sub-flow channels is 20, that is, the number of the second sub-flow channels is 10. Such an arrangement combination not only disperses the flow, but also ensures that the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the sudden expansion section changes slowly, preventing excessive differences in flow in each flow channel, so as to achieve the effect of uniformly dispersing the flow.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a guide area is further provided between the outlet of the liquid lithium transporting area and the top of the divertor target plate; and the width of the guide area is the same as the width of the divertor target plate. The guide area is formed by a plurality of guide grooves, and the plurality of guide grooves are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals in the width direction of the liquid lithium transporting area. The flow direction of the liquid lithium in each of the guide grooves is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, so as to increase the spreading property of the liquid lithium when flowing along the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium can spread and cover a larger area when flowing.

[0018] In some other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the width of each guide groove is 2mm±0.2mm, and the height is 0.5mm±0.05mm; and the interval between two adjacent guide grooves is 1mm±0.1mm. It should be noted that the size of the guide groove is the optimal cross-sectional size and distribution within a certain flow range obtained by the present invention through COMSOL simulation and experimental data during the exploration process. The arrangement of the guide groove not only makes the flow cross-sectional area basically consistent with the cross-sectional area of ​​the lithium inlet pipeline without flow congestion, but also the densely arranged and flat outlets can further improve the uniformity of liquid distribution in the membrane flow area, thereby further improving the uniformity of the membrane flow formed by liquid lithium on the divertor target plate.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, angle adjustment plates are detachably connected to both sides of the liquid film generator by bolts, and the angle adjustment plates are used to adjust the inclination angle of the liquid film generator. Since the divertor target plate and the heating base plate are detachably mounted on the liquid film generator by bolts, the bolts are in a tightened state when in use, and thus by adjusting the inclination angle of the liquid film generator, the inclination angle of the overall structure of the liquid lithium divertor device can be adjusted.

[0020] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a first heating wire installation groove is provided on the back of the heating base plate, and the first heating wire installation groove is distributed in a serpentine shape to increase the heating area of ​​the divertor target plate and improve the heating efficiency.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a second heating wire installation groove is provided on the liquid lithium input area and the liquid lithium transport area, and the second heating wire installation groove is used to install the heating wire to prevent the liquid lithium from solidifying before being input into the divertor target plate.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the second heating wire installation groove is detachably connected to a heating cover plate by bolts, so that the position of the installed heating wire can be fixed by the heating cover plate, while the heating efficiency of the heating wire is improved.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium divertor device further comprises a liquid lithium collecting tank, which is in the shape of a truncated cylinder and is placed below the divertor target plate to collect the liquid lithium flowing down from the target plate.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the outlet of the liquid lithium collection tank is connected to the inlet of the conveying pipeline. When the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium input area is less, liquid lithium can continue to be input into the liquid lithium input area through the conveying pipeline.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a third heating wire installation groove is provided at the bottom of the liquid lithium collection tank, and the third heating wire installation groove is used to install a heating wire to prevent the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium collection tank from solidifying.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a cover plate is further provided on the top of the liquid lithium input area to prevent the liquid lithium from splashing out during the flow process.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the liquid film generator, the divertor target plate, the heating base plate and the conveying pipeline are all made of stainless steel, and the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is utilized to avoid liquid lithium contamination caused by corrosion of various components.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the delivery pipeline is 8 mm ± 0.5 mm. The delivery pipeline of this size can not only keep the flow rate of liquid lithium in the pipeline within the range of the flow meter at the target flow rate, ensuring the measurement of the flow meter; but also, the cross-sectional area of ​​the delivery pipeline of this size is similar to the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the divertor guide area, so that after the delivery pipeline is connected to the outlet of the divertor guide area, it can effectively prevent flow congestion. In addition, if the inner diameter of the delivery pipeline is too large, due to heat transfer factors, a pipeline with a larger inner diameter requires a larger heating power, that is, a denser arrangement of the heating wires, which has the risk of burning the heating wires. Therefore, the delivery pipeline of the above size can also effectively avoid the burning of the heating wires.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the length and width of the heating base plate are the same as the length and width of the divertor target plate.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first threaded mounting holes are provided on the liquid lithium transporting area of ​​the liquid lithium divertor device, and second threaded mounting holes and third threaded mounting holes matching the first threaded mounting holes are provided on the divertor target plate and the heating base plate, respectively, so that bolts can be passed through the corresponding third threaded mounting holes, second threaded mounting holes and first threaded mounting holes in sequence, and tightened after adjusting the positions, so as to realize that the divertor target plate and the heating base plate are detachably connected to the liquid lithium transporting area in sequence by bolts.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of fourth threaded mounting holes are provided around the second heating wire mounting groove, and a fifth threaded mounting hole matching the fourth threaded mounting hole is provided on the heating cover plate, so that bolts can be passed through the corresponding fifth threaded mounting holes and the fourth threaded mounting holes in sequence, and the bolts are tightened after adjusting the positions, so as to realize the detachable connection of the heating cover plate to the second heating wire mounting groove by bolts.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a sixth threaded mounting hole is provided on both sides of the liquid film generator, and a seventh threaded mounting hole matching the sixth threaded mounting hole is provided on the two angle adjustment plates, so that bolts can be passed through the corresponding seventh threaded mounting holes and the sixth threaded mounting holes in sequence, and the positions are adjusted and then tightened to realize the detachable connection of the heating cover plate to the two sides of the liquid film generator by bolts.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The liquid lithium divertor device of the present invention comprises a liquid film generator, a divertor target plate, a heating base plate and a conveying pipeline. Among them, the liquid film generator comprises a liquid lithium input area and a liquid lithium conveying area. The divertor target plate and the heating base plate of the present invention are detachably connected to the liquid lithium conveying area by bolts in sequence, so that the target plate can be easily replaced later through the detachable setting, thereby effectively reducing the experimental engineering volume and material consumption. The present invention is arranged such that the inlet of the liquid lithium input area is connected to the outlet of the conveying pipeline, so that after the liquid lithium is input through the conveying pipeline, it can enter the inlet of the liquid lithium input area through the outlet of the conveying pipeline and be temporarily stored in the liquid lithium input area, so as to prepare for subsequent uniform spreading on the divertor target plate. The present invention arranges a plurality of first sub-flow channels in the liquid lithium input area, and makes the plurality of first sub-flow channels distributed in a dendritic structure to form a first flow channel, and the liquid lithium is improved to enter the liquid lithium conveying area in a uniformly distributed form through the special dendritic structure. Moreover, the inlet of the liquid lithium transporting zone is connected to the outlets of the plurality of first sub-flow channels through a vertical flow channel, and the outlet of the liquid lithium transporting zone contacts the top of the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium flowing out through the plurality of first sub-flow channels is first re-divided by the vertical flow channel and then enters the liquid lithium transporting zone in a more uniform manner. Moreover, the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium transporting zone of the present invention is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium flowing out of the liquid lithium transporting zone is supplied to the divertor target plate in a manner parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium is more balanced in the flow process in the liquid lithium transporting zone, and splashing caused by excessive flow is prevented, so that the liquid lithium flowing out of the liquid lithium transporting zone is more evenly distributed, and the film flow can be spread more evenly on the divertor target plate under the synergistic drive of its own gravity and the pressure generated by the flow, thereby improving the spreading coverage of the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate.

[0035] The liquid lithium divertor device of the present invention sets a special flow channel structure in the liquid film generator, so that after the liquid lithium enters the liquid film generator, it is firstly distributed in the first flow channel with a dendritic structure, so that the liquid lithium enters in a uniformly distributed flow, and then passes through the vertical flow channel, and the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium conveying area is arranged in the same direction and parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, so that the liquid lithium finally flows out of the liquid film generator not only by gravity driving, but also by the pressure generated by the flow to squeeze out the liquid, so that the liquid film generator of the present invention can continuously convey the liquid lithium to the target plate and make its flow uniform, which can improve the spreading of the liquid lithium when flowing along the target plate, and obtain a larger spreading area. It can also prevent the splashing of liquid lithium, and can easily replace the target plate, thereby solving the problems of insufficient spreading area, uneven distribution and liquid lithium spraying under large flow rate of lithium film flow on the divertor target plate in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of lithium surface coverage of the liquid lithium divertor device in the EAST device in the prior art.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid metal lithium divertor in the prior art.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid lithium divertor device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a three-layer sandwich structure formed by a liquid film generator, a divertor target plate and a heating base plate in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Exploded diagram of the structure.

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid film generator of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide groove in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of an angle adjustment plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid lithium divertor device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.11 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a liquid lithium divertor device in an experimental device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a liquid lithium divertor device in an experimental device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] See also Figure 3 The present embodiment provides a liquid lithium divertor device, comprising a liquid film generator 1, a divertor target plate 2, a heating bottom plate 3 and a conveying pipeline 4. The liquid film generator 1 of the present embodiment comprises a liquid lithium input area 11 and a liquid lithium conveying area 12.

[0051] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, the divertor target plate 2 and the heating base plate 3 are detachably connected to the liquid lithium transport area 12 by bolts in sequence to form a three-layer sandwich structure.

[0052] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure, in order to ensure that the divertor target plate 2 and the heating bottom plate 3 can be detachably connected to the liquid lithium transport area 12 by bolts, the liquid lithium transport area 12 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of first threaded mounting holes 16, and the divertor target plate 2 and the heating bottom plate 3 are respectively provided with second threaded mounting holes 21 and third threaded mounting holes 32 matching the first threaded mounting holes 16, so that bolts can pass through the corresponding third threaded mounting holes 32, second threaded mounting holes 21 and first threaded mounting holes 16 in sequence, and tighten after adjusting the position, so as to realize that the divertor target plate 2 and the heating bottom plate 3 are detachably connected to the liquid lithium transport area 12 in sequence by bolts, so that the liquid lithium transport area 12, the divertor target plate 2 and the heating bottom plate 3 form a three-layer sandwich structure. By adopting a detachable setting, this embodiment can facilitate the replacement of the target plate at a later stage, thereby effectively reducing the experimental engineering workload and material consumption.

[0053] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the inlet of the liquid lithium input area 11 is connected to the outlet of the delivery pipeline 4, so that after the liquid lithium is input through the delivery pipeline 4, it can enter the inlet of the liquid lithium input area 11 through the outlet of the delivery pipeline 4 and be temporarily stored in the liquid lithium input area 11, so as to prepare for subsequent uniform spreading on the divertor target plate 2. A cover plate 8 is also provided on the top of the liquid lithium input area 11 to prevent the liquid lithium from splashing out during the flow process.

[0054] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, a first flow channel is provided in the liquid lithium input area 11, and the first flow channel includes 20 first sub-flow channels 111. The 20 first sub-flow channels 111 are distributed in a branch-like structure, so that after the liquid lithium enters the liquid lithium input area 11, it is divided into 20 flow channels by the 20 first sub-flow channels 111, thereby improving the liquid lithium entering the liquid lithium transport area in a uniformly distributed form through the special branch-like structure, thereby improving the uniform distribution of the liquid lithium.

[0055] Please participate Figure 6 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the inlet of the liquid lithium transport area 12 is connected to the outlets of the 20 first sub-flow channels 111 through the vertical flow channel connection 13, and the outlet of the liquid lithium transport area 12 is in contact with the top of the divertor target plate 2, so that the liquid lithium flowing out of the plurality of first sub-flow channels 111 is first re-diverted by the vertical flow channel 13 and then enters the liquid lithium transport area 12 in a more uniform manner. Moreover, the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium transport area 12 is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate 2, thereby changing the liquid lithium supply mode of the traditional divertor from being perpendicular to the target plate to being parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate 2, so that the liquid lithium can be more balanced in the flow process of the liquid lithium transport area 12, and splashing caused by excessive flow can be prevented, thereby making the liquid lithium flowing out of the liquid lithium transport area 12 more evenly distributed, and under the coordinated driving of its own gravity and the pressure generated by the flow, the membrane flow can be spread more evenly on the divertor target plate 2, thereby improving the spreading coverage of the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate 2.

[0056] See also Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second flow channel is provided in the liquid lithium transport zone 12, and the second flow channel includes a plurality of second sub-channels 121, and the number of the second sub-channels 121 is half of the first sub-channels 111, that is, the number of the second sub-channels 121 is 10. Moreover, the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the 10 second sub-channels 121 is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, and the inlet of each second sub-channel 121 is arranged perpendicular to the outlet of the first sub-channel 111, so that the liquid lithium flowing out of the 20 first sub-channels 111 is redistributed through the vertical flow channel 13 arranged in the vertical direction, and then flows into the 10 second sub-channels 121 more evenly. Since each second sub-channel 121 is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate, the uniformity of the liquid flow rate flowing out of each second sub-channel is improved, so that the outflowing liquid lithium can be driven by its own gravity and the pressure generated by the flow, so that the membrane flow is spread more evenly on the divertor target plate, thereby improving the spreading coverage of the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate 2.

[0057] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide area is further provided between the outlet of the liquid lithium transporting area 12 and the top of the divertor target plate 2. The guide area is formed by a plurality of guide grooves 5, and the plurality of guide grooves 5 are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals in the width direction of the liquid lithium transporting area 12; and the width of the guide area is the same as the width of the divertor target plate 2. The flow direction of the liquid lithium in each of the guide grooves 5 is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate 2, so as to increase the spreading property of the liquid lithium when flowing along the divertor target plate 2, so that the liquid lithium can spread and cover a larger area when flowing.

[0058] See also Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the guide grooves 5 has a width of 2 mm and a height of 0.5 mm; and the interval between two adjacent guide grooves 5 is 1 mm, so as to further improve the uniformity of liquid distribution in the membrane flow area, thereby further improving the uniformity of the membrane flow formed by the liquid lithium on the divertor target plate 2.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lithium divertor device further comprises two angle adjustment plates 6, which are detachably connected to both sides of the liquid film generator 1, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the liquid film generator 1 through the angle adjustment plates 6. In order to realize the detachable connection of the angle adjustment plates 6 to both sides of the liquid film generator 1, please refer to Figure 5 and Fig. 9 In this embodiment, the sixth threaded mounting holes 17 are provided on both sides of the liquid film generator 1, and the seventh threaded mounting holes 61 matching the sixth threaded mounting holes 17 are provided on the two angle adjustment plates 6, so that bolts can be passed through the corresponding seventh threaded mounting holes 61 and the sixth threaded mounting holes 17 in sequence, and tightened after adjusting the position, so as to realize that the angle adjustment plates 6 are detachably connected to the two sides of the liquid film generator 1 by bolts. And the structure after tightening is as follows Fig. 9 As shown, the overall structure diagram after connecting the delivery pipeline 4 is as shown Fig.10 In the present invention, angle adjustment plates 6 are detachably connected to both sides of the liquid film generator 1, so that the inclination angle of the liquid film generator 1 can be adjusted through the angle adjustment plates 6. Since the divertor target plate 2 and the heating bottom plate 3 are detachably mounted on the liquid film generator 1 through bolts, the bolts are in a tightened state in the use state, and then the inclination angle of the liquid film generator 1 can be adjusted to adjust the inclination angle of the overall structure of the liquid lithium divertor device.

[0060] See also Figure 3-Figure 6In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length and width of the heating base plate 3 are the same as those of the divertor target plate 2, and a first heating wire installation groove 31 is opened on the back of the heating base plate 3. The first heating wire installation groove 31 is distributed in a serpentine shape to increase the heating area of ​​the divertor target plate 2 and improve the heating efficiency.

[0061] See also Figure 4-Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lithium input area 11 and the liquid lithium delivery area 12 are both provided with a second heating wire installation groove 14, and the second heating wire installation groove 14 is used to install the heating wire to prevent the liquid lithium from solidifying before being input into the divertor target plate 2. In this embodiment, a plurality of fourth threaded installation holes are provided around the second heating wire installation groove 14, and a fifth threaded installation hole 151 matching the fourth threaded installation hole is provided on the heating cover plate 15, so that bolts can pass through the corresponding fifth threaded installation hole 151 and the fourth threaded installation hole in sequence, and tighten after adjusting the position, so as to realize that the heating cover plate 15 is detachably connected to the second heating wire installation groove 14 by bolts, so that the installed heating wire can be fixed in position through the heating cover plate 15, and the heating efficiency of the heating wire can be improved at the same time.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lithium divertor device of the present invention is used for experiments in an experimental device 9, and the liquid lithium divertor device also includes a liquid lithium collecting tank 7. The liquid lithium collecting tank 7 is in the shape of an oblique cylindrical column and is placed below the divertor target plate 2 to collect liquid lithium flowing down from the target plate. The outlet of the liquid lithium collecting tank 7 is connected to the inlet of the delivery pipeline 4. When the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium input area 11 is less, liquid lithium can continue to be input into the liquid lithium input area 11 through the delivery pipeline 4. For the structural schematic diagram of the liquid lithium divertor device of this embodiment when used in the experimental device 9, please refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 .

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third heating wire installation groove is provided at the bottom of the liquid lithium collecting tank 7, and the third heating wire installation groove is used to install a heating wire to prevent the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium collecting tank 7 from solidifying.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid film generator 1, the divertor target plate 2, the heating base plate 3 and the conveying pipeline 4 are all made of stainless steel, and the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is utilized to avoid liquid lithium contamination caused by corrosion of various components.

[0065] See also Figure 10-12In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the delivery pipeline 4 is 8 mm. The delivery pipeline 4 with this inner diameter can ensure that the flow rate of the liquid lithium in the pipeline is kept within the flow meter range at the target flow rate, and at the same time, the arrangement density of the heating wires outside the pipeline is maintained below the safe density to prevent the heating wires from burning. In addition, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline with this size is similar to the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the divertor guide area, and the combination can prevent flow blockage.

[0066] The divertor can continuously transport liquid lithium to the target plate and make its flow rate uniform, can improve the spreading of liquid lithium when flowing along the target plate, obtain a larger spreading area, and can prevent the splashing of liquid lithium, while the target plate can be easily replaced.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid lithium divertor device, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid film generator (1), a divertor target plate (2), a heating base plate (3) and a conveying pipeline (4); The liquid film generator (1) comprises a liquid lithium input area (11) and a liquid lithium transport area (12); The divertor target plate (2) and the heating base plate (3) are detachably connected to the liquid lithium transport area (12) in sequence by bolts to form a sandwich structure; The inlet of the liquid lithium input area (11) is connected to the outlet of the transport pipeline (4), so that the liquid lithium can enter through the transport pipeline (4) and be temporarily stored in the liquid lithium input area (11); A first flow channel is provided in the liquid lithium input area (11), wherein the first flow channel comprises a plurality of first sub-flow channels (111), and the plurality of first sub-flow channels (111) are distributed in a branch-like structure; The inlet of the liquid lithium transport zone (12) is connected to the outlets of the plurality of first sub-flow channels (111) via a vertical flow channel (13); the outlet of the liquid lithium transport zone (12) is in contact with the top of the divertor target plate (2); and the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium transport zone (12) is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate (2), so that the liquid lithium in the liquid lithium input zone (11) is processed into a uniformly distributed membrane flow by the liquid lithium transport zone (12) and then spreads uniformly on the divertor target plate (2).

2. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second flow channel is provided in the liquid lithium transporting area (12), the second flow channel comprises a plurality of second sub-flow channels (121), and the number of the second sub-flow channels (121) is half of the number of the first sub-flow channels (111); The flow direction of the liquid lithium in each of the second sub-flow channels (121) is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate; and the inlet of each of the second sub-flow channels (121) is arranged perpendicular to the outlet of the first sub-flow channel (111).

3. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide area is also provided between the outlet of the liquid lithium transport area (12) and the top of the divertor target plate (2); and the width of the guide area is the same as the width of the divertor target plate (2); The guide area is formed by a plurality of guide grooves (5), and the plurality of guide grooves (5) are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals in the width direction of the liquid lithium transport area (12); The flow direction of the liquid lithium in each of the guide grooves (5) is parallel to the flow direction of the liquid lithium in the divertor target plate (2), so as to increase the spreading property of the liquid lithium when flowing along the divertor target plate (2).

4. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of each guide groove (5) is 2 mm ± 0.2 mm, and the height is 0.5 mm ± 0.05 mm; The interval between two adjacent guide grooves (5) is 1 mm ± 0.1 mm.

5. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Angle adjustment plates (6) are detachably connected to both sides of the liquid film generator (1), and the angle adjustment plates (6) are used to adjust the inclination angle of the liquid film generator (1).

6. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the heating bottom plate (3) is provided with a first heating wire installation groove (31), and the first heating wire installation groove (31) is distributed in a serpentine shape to increase the heating area of ​​the divertor target plate (2).

7. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid lithium input area (11) and the liquid lithium delivery area (12) are both provided with a second heating wire installation groove (14), and the second heating wire installation groove (14) is used to install a heating wire to prevent the liquid lithium from solidifying before being input into the divertor target plate (2); Furthermore, the second heating wire installation groove (14) is detachably connected to a heating cover plate (15) via bolts.

8. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a liquid lithium collection tank (7), which is in the shape of an oblique truncated cylinder and is disposed below the divertor target plate (2) and is used to collect liquid lithium flowing down from the target plate; Furthermore, the outlet of the liquid lithium collection tank (7) is in communication with the inlet of the delivery pipeline (4).

9. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate (8) is also provided on the top of the liquid lithium input area (11) to prevent the liquid lithium from splashing out during the flow process.

10. The liquid lithium divertor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid film generator, the divertor target plate, the heating bottom plate and the conveying pipeline are all made of stainless steel.

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