Sandwich hydrogen heating structure of double-stack hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure which comprises a sandwich type hydrogen heating assembly, the hydrogen heating assembly is divided into a hydrogen layer located in the middle, an air layer and a water path layer, the air layer and the water path layer are arranged above and below the hydrogen layer, and the air layer and the water path layer are both connected with a galvanic pile. The air layer is filled with air discharged by the galvanic pile, the water path layer is filled with cooling liquid discharged by the galvanic pile, the hydrogen layer is a heat exchange plate (1), the air layer is an air heat exchange block (2) arranged on one side of the heat exchange plate (1), and the water path layer is a water path plate (3) arranged on the other side of the heat exchange plate (1). The hydrogen in the hydrogen layer is subjected to heat exchange heating due to the temperature difference, so that water is prevented from being condensed from the hydrogen, the temperature of the wall surface around the hydrogen layer is high due to the three-layer laminated arrangement, condensed water is prevented from being generated when the temperature of the wall surface is low, and the risk of flooding of the condensed water is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a sandwich hydrogen heating structure for a double-stack hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] With global warming, the demand for carbon neutrality is particularly urgent. Traditional fuel power has begun to gradually transition to pure electric and hybrid power to reduce emission pollution. However, since the main source of pure electric and hybrid power is still thermal power generation, carbon dioxide is still generated. Hydrogen fuel cells use the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity and water to achieve zero emissions. At present, the industry has successively carried out hydrogen fuel power pilot projects from light, medium and heavy commercial vehicles, ships, etc. With the increase in load tonnage, hydrogen fuel system engines with a power of less than 200kW can no longer meet the demand. Various hydrogen fuel engine manufacturers have begun to gradually develop 200kW to 300kW hydrogen fuel dual-stack system engines. The dual-stack engine routes are different. Considering the comprehensive cost and efficiency, one route adopts a dual-ejector dual-stack solution.

[0003] At present, the reactants of hydrogen fuel cells are pure hydrogen and oxygen in the air that react through a proton exchange membrane to generate electricity and water, and the hydrogen is used in excess, resulting in the inability to completely react. In order to prevent the waste of hydrogen, a hydrogen gas-water separator is added to discharge the hydrogen for reuse. However, when the hydrogen is reused, the fresh hydrogen temperature is too low, the return hydrogen temperature is generally too high, and the gas-water separator cannot completely dry the return hydrogen, resulting in the return hydrogen being mixed with the fresh hydrogen, and alternating between hot and cold, and condensed water will be generated at the rear end of the ejector. When condensed water enters the fuel cell stack, it will cause flooding, resulting in reduced efficiency of the fuel cell stack. The dual-stack system has a large hydrogen flow rate and too much excess hydrogen, which leads to a large temperature difference after the new hydrogen from the ejector and the hydrogen returned from the fuel cell are mixed. Compared with the single-stack system, it is more likely to produce condensed water. If the mixed hydrogen collides with the wall with a lower temperature before entering the fuel cell stack, it will cause an increase in condensed water. When the condensed water enters the fuel cell stack, it will cause flooding, resulting in reduced efficiency of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the dual-ejector structure leads to uneven hydrogen entry into the dual stacks, which can easily cause inconsistent lifespans of the dual stacks.

[0004] The patent number is 202221592035.5, and the publication date is December 20, 2022. It discloses a hydrogen preheating device for a fuel cell system, including a water pipe shell and a hydrogen pipe body passing through the water pipe shell. The water pipe shell is a cylindrical hollow structure, and the sides of the water pipe shell are respectively provided with a heat exchanger inlet and a heat exchanger outlet, and the two ends of the hydrogen pipe body are provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet. This utility model uses the high-temperature heat exchanger generated by the waste heat of the fuel cell system to heat the hydrogen entering from the cold source. The temperature rise is uniform and controllable, avoiding more dangerous heating methods such as electric heating, and can provide the fuel cell system with higher temperature hydrogen.

[0005] In the prior art, under normal circumstances, the hydrogen return temperature of the fuel cell stack is generally around 70-85°C, the fresh hydrogen inlet temperature is generally lower than 25°C, and there is a temperature difference of ≥45°C between the two hydrogen gases. As a result, when the hydrogen is mixed, at the rear end of the ejector, due to the large temperature difference, the water vapor in the moist hydrogen of the fuel cell stack return hydrogen will condense, resulting in the production of liquid water. The liquid water will enter the fuel cell stack together with the hydrogen. At the same time, if there is too much liquid water, it will cause the front-end fuel cell stack module electrode to be submerged, reducing its efficiency. If the wall temperature at the rear end of the ejector is the ambient temperature, the production of condensed water will be aggravated. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell, including a sandwich-type hydrogen heating assembly, wherein the hydrogen heating assembly is composed of a hydrogen layer located in the middle and an air layer and a water layer arranged above and below the hydrogen layer, wherein the air layer and the water layer are both connected to the fuel cell stack, the air layer contains air discharged from the fuel cell stack, and the water layer contains coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack.

[0008] The hydrogen layer is a heat exchange plate with a hydrogen flow channel inside, the air layer is an air heat exchange block arranged on one side of the heat exchange plate, and the water path layer is a water path plate arranged on the other side of the heat exchange plate. The air heat exchange block is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the water path plate is connected to the fuel cell stack.

[0009] An ejector for supplying new hydrogen and returning hydrogen to the fuel cell stack is provided on the side of the heat exchange plate, and a hydrogen flow channel connected to the ejector is provided inside the heat exchange plate. The hydrogen flow channel is cap-shaped, and fuel cell stack hydrogen inlets are provided at both ends of the hydrogen flow channel.

[0010] The hydrogen flow channel is divided into a hydrogen mixing zone and a hydrogen rectifying zone. The hydrogen rectifying zone is located on both sides of the hydrogen mixing zone. The hydrogen mixing zone is connected to the ejector. A rectifying plate is arranged in the hydrogen rectifying zone.

[0011] The hydrogen mixing zone is located in the middle of the hydrogen flow channel, the hydrogen rectifying zone is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack, the rectifying plates are distributed side by side in the hydrogen rectifying zone, the shape of the rectifying plates is the same as that of the hydrogen rectifying zone, and the rectifying plates are arranged along the direction in which the hydrogen rectifying zone extends.

[0012] An air stack outlet pipe is provided on the air heat exchange block, and the air stack outlet pipe is connected to the stack. An air flow channel is provided in the air heat exchange block, one end of the air flow channel is connected to the air stack outlet pipe, and the other end of the air flow channel is provided with a discharge pipe.

[0013] The air heat exchange block is provided with a cover plate having the same cross-sectional shape as that of the heat exchange plate, the cover plate is attached to the surface of the heat exchange plate, the air flow channel is located on the side of the cover plate away from the heat exchange plate, the air flow channel contains high-temperature air discharged from the fuel cell stack, and an airway sealing ring is provided between the cover plate and the heat exchange plate.

[0014] A connecting water channel is provided in the water channel plate, and stack water channel outlets are provided at both ends of the connecting water channel. The connecting water channel is connected to the stack through the stack water channel outlet. High-temperature coolant flows out of the stack in the connecting water channel, and a water channel flow collection outlet connected to the connecting water channel is provided on the heat exchange plate.

[0015] The connecting water channel is U-shaped, and the connecting water channel is attached to the outer side of the heat exchange plate. The connecting water channel is arranged along the flow channel of hydrogen flow in the heat exchange plate. The water channel flow channel aggregation outlet is arranged at the corner of the connecting water channel. A water channel sealing ring is provided between the water channel plate and the heat exchange plate, and the sealing ring is arranged along the edge of the connecting water channel.

[0016] The waterway plate is provided with a fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet penetrating the waterway plate, a hydrogen sealing ring is provided on the extension of the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet, the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet is connected to the heat exchange plate, and the hydrogen sealing ring is connected to the waterway sealing ring.

[0017] The technical effect of the present invention is as follows: since the temperature of the water outlet from the fuel cell stack and the air exhaust is higher than the temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen flow channel is heated by heat exchange due to the temperature difference, thereby avoiding condensation of hydrogen into water, and the three-layer stacking arrangement leads to a higher wall temperature around the hydrogen flow channel, thereby avoiding the generation of condensed water due to low wall temperature, thereby reducing the risk of condensed water flooding the stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] This specification includes the following drawings, which show the following contents:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a double-stack hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic bottom view of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structural explosion of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0023] Figure 5for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an air heat exchange block in a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an air stack outlet pipe of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a waterway plate of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bottom view of a heat exchange plate of a sandwich hydrogen heating structure of a dual-stack hydrogen fuel cell.

[0027] The markings in the figure are: 1. heat exchange plate; 2. air heat exchange block; 3. water channel plate; 4. ejector; 5. hydrogen flow channel; 51. hydrogen mixing area; 52. hydrogen rectification area; 53. rectification plate; 6. fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet; 7. air fuel cell stack outlet pipe; 8. air flow channel; 9. exhaust pipe; 10. cover plate; 11. air channel sealing ring; 12. connecting water channel; 13. fuel cell stack water channel outlet; 14. water channel flow channel summary outlet; 15. water channel sealing ring; 16. fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet; 17. hydrogen sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, with the aim of helping those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention and facilitating their implementation.

[0029] See also Figure 1-8 A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure includes a sandwich-type hydrogen heating assembly. The hydrogen heating assembly is composed of a hydrogen layer in the middle and an air layer and a water layer arranged above and below the hydrogen layer. The air layer and the water layer are both connected to the fuel cell stack. The air layer contains air discharged from the fuel cell stack, and the water layer contains coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack.

[0030] Since the temperature of the water outlet from the fuel cell stack and the air exhaust is higher than the temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen layer is heated by heat exchange due to the temperature difference, thereby avoiding condensation of hydrogen into water. The three-layer stacking arrangement results in a higher wall temperature around the hydrogen layer, avoiding the generation of condensed water due to low wall temperature, thereby reducing the risk of condensed water flooding the stack.

[0031] The hydrogen layer is a heat exchange plate 1 with a hydrogen flow channel 5 inside, the air layer is an air heat exchange block 2 arranged on one side of the heat exchange plate 1, and the water path layer is a water path plate 3 arranged on the other side of the heat exchange plate 1. The air heat exchange block 2 is connected to the battery stack, and the water path plate 3 is connected to the battery stack.

[0032] New hydrogen and stack hydrogen are added to the heat exchange plate 1 from the outside, and the upper and lower sides thereof are respectively an air heat exchange block 2 and a water channel plate 3. The air heat exchange block 2 contains high-temperature air discharged from the stack, and the water channel plate 3 contains high-temperature coolant discharged from the stack. Heat exchange is performed on the inner wall of the heat exchange plate 1 from the upper and lower sides of the heat exchange plate 1 to form a sandwich structure, which can more effectively increase the temperature of the inner wall of the heat exchange plate 1 and increase the heat exchange efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose of preheating, avoiding the condensation of water vapor in the moist stack hydrogen due to the large temperature difference between the new hydrogen and the stack hydrogen when the new hydrogen and the stack hydrogen are mixed in the heat exchange plate 1, reducing the generation of liquid water, and avoiding the liquid water generated by the mixing of the new hydrogen and the stack hydrogen being brought into the stack, causing the stack to be flooded.

[0033] An ejector 4 for supplying new hydrogen and hydrogen returned to the fuel cell stack is provided on the side of the heat exchange plate 1. A hydrogen flow channel 5 connected to the ejector 4 is provided in the heat exchange plate 1. The hydrogen flow channel 5 is cap-shaped, and fuel cell stack hydrogen inlets 6 are provided at both ends of the hydrogen flow channel 5. New hydrogen and fuel cell stack hydrogen returned are sent into the hydrogen flow channel 5 through the ejector 4. After the new hydrogen and fuel cell stack hydrogen returned are mixed in the hydrogen flow channel 5, they flow to the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet 6 through the hydrogen flow channel 5, and then flow into the fuel cell stack through the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet 6. The cap-shaped hydrogen flow channel 5 can, on the one hand, divide the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen flow channel 5 into two, so that the hydrogen can enter the upper and lower stacks of the fuel cell stack respectively, which is convenient for direct connection with the fuel cell stack for use. When hydrogen flows into the cap-shaped hydrogen flow channel 5, the cap-shaped flow channel is used to reduce and increase the flow distance of hydrogen, and at the same time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen flow channel 5 can straighten the flow direction as it flows, which is beneficial to improve the flow efficiency of hydrogen.

[0034] The hydrogen flow channel 5 is divided into a hydrogen mixing zone 51 and a hydrogen rectifying zone 52. The hydrogen rectifying zone 52 is located on both sides of the hydrogen mixing zone 51. The hydrogen mixing zone 51 is connected to the ejector 4. New hydrogen and stack hydrogen are injected into the hydrogen flow channel 5 through the two ejectors 4. New hydrogen and stack hydrogen first enter the hydrogen mixing zone 51. The edge of the hydrogen mixing zone 51 protrudes outward. The cross-sectional area of ​​the hydrogen mixing zone 51 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydrogen rectifying zone 52. The two ends of the side protruding outward of the hydrogen mixing zone 51 are rounded. The new hydrogen and stack hydrogen injected into the hydrogen mixing zone 51 by the ejector 4 collide with On the inner wall of the hydrogen mixing zone 51, new hydrogen and stack return hydrogen are smashed and scattered, which is conducive to mutual mixing. They move back in the opposite direction through the rounded corners at both ends, and can intersect with the new hydrogen and stack return hydrogen just introduced into the hydrogen mixing zone 51, thereby improving the mixing efficiency. During the mixing, since the heat exchange plate 1 is heated, the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 5 can be increased, and the condensation of liquid water on the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 5 can be reduced, thereby reducing the generation of liquid water. A rectifying plate 53 is provided in the hydrogen rectifying zone 52; and when the hydrogen flows into the hydrogen rectifying zone 52, the rectifying plate 53 is used to adjust the airflow direction to facilitate the subsequent flow of hydrogen.

[0035] The hydrogen mixing zone 51 is located in the middle of the hydrogen flow channel 5. New hydrogen and stack return hydrogen are sent into the hydrogen mixing zone 51 by the ejector 4. Since the hydrogen rectifying zone 52 is located on both sides of the hydrogen mixing zone 51, uniform diversion can be achieved. The hydrogen rectifying zone 52 is connected to the stack hydrogen inlet 6. The mixed hydrogen flows into the stack hydrogen inlet 6 through the hydrogen rectifying zone 52, and flows into the stack through the stack hydrogen inlet 6. The rectifier plates 53 are distributed side by side in the hydrogen rectifying zone 52. The shape of the rectifier plates 53 is the same as that of the hydrogen rectifying zone 52. The rectifier plates 53 are arranged along the extension direction of the hydrogen rectifying zone 52. The rectifier plates 53 can better adjust the flow direction of the hydrogen, improve efficiency, and smooth the flow of hydrogen.

[0036] An air stack outlet pipe 7 is provided on the air heat exchange block 2, and the air stack outlet pipe 7 is connected to the stack. An air flow channel 8 is provided in the air heat exchange block 2, one end of the air flow channel 8 is connected to the air stack outlet pipe 7, and the other end of the air flow channel 8 is provided with an exhaust pipe 9; the high-temperature air exhausted from the stack flows into the air flow channel 8 in the air heat exchange block 2 through the air stack outlet pipe 7, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 9. When the high-temperature air entering the air heat exchange block 2 passes through the air flow channel 8, it can perform heat exchange with the hydrogen in the heat exchange plate 1 through the air heat exchange block 2, and use the high-temperature air exhausted from the stack to preheat the heat exchange plate 1, thereby increasing the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 5, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the condensation of liquid water on the inner wall surface of the hydrogen flow channel 5 when the new hydrogen and the stack return hydrogen are mixed, thereby reducing the risk of flooding of the stack.

[0037] A cover plate 10 having the same cross-sectional shape as that of the heat exchange plate 1 is provided on the air heat exchange block 2, and the cover plate 10 is attached to the surface of the heat exchange plate 1, and the air flow channel 8 is located on the side of the cover plate 10 away from the heat exchange plate 1. High-temperature air discharged from the fuel cell stack is in the air flow channel 8, and an air channel sealing ring 11 is provided between the cover plate 10 and the heat exchange plate 1; the cover plate 10 cooperates with the air channel sealing ring 11 to seal the hydrogen flow channel 5 to prevent hydrogen leakage, and at the same time, the high-temperature air in the air heat exchange block 2 exchanges heat through the cover plate 10 and the heat exchange plate 1, thereby increasing the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 1, so that when the new hydrogen and the fuel cell stack return hydrogen are mixed in the hydrogen flow channel 1, condensation can be reduced.

[0038] A connecting water channel 12 is provided in the water channel plate 3, and a stack water channel outlet 13 is provided at both ends of the connecting water channel 12. The connecting water channel 12 is connected to the stack through the stack water channel outlet 13. The connecting water channel 12 contains high-temperature coolant flowing out of the stack. A water channel flow channel summary outlet 14 connected to the connecting water channel 12 is provided on the heat exchange plate 1; the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the stack passes through the stack water channel outlet 13 and flows into the connecting water channel 12, and flows out from the water channel flow channel summary outlet 14. When flowing in the connecting water channel 12, the high-temperature coolant can heat the heat exchange plate 1, so that the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 5 is heated, so that the temperature of the hydrogen flow channel 5 is increased, and the condensation phenomenon when the new hydrogen and the stack hydrogen are mixed is reduced. At the same time, a connecting water channel 12 is also provided at the bottom of the heat exchange plate 1, which together with the connecting water channel 12 in the water channel plate 3 forms a complete coolant flow channel, so that the connecting water channel 12 can be close to the hydrogen flow channel 5, so that the inner wall of the hydrogen flow channel 5 can be better heated.

[0039] The connecting water channel 12 is U-shaped, and the connecting water channel 12 is attached to the outer side of the heat exchange plate 1. The connecting water channel 12 is arranged along the flow channel of the hydrogen flow in the heat exchange plate 1. The U-shaped connecting water channel 12 is similar in shape to the hat-shaped air flow channel 8, so that there is a large area of ​​overlap on the horizontal plane, which can increase the heat exchange area, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, helping to effectively improve the preheating effect, and increase the temperature of the inner wall of the heat exchange plate 1 and the hydrogen flow channel 5, thereby reducing condensation. The water channel flow channel summary outlet 14 is arranged at the corner of the connecting water channel 12, so that the overlapping area between the hydrogen flow channel 5 and the connecting water channel 12 can be increased as much as possible, the heat exchange efficiency is increased, and the heat exchange effect is improved. A water channel sealing ring 15 is provided between the water channel plate 3 and the heat exchange plate 1. The sealing ring is arranged along the edge of the connecting water channel 12. The water channel sealing ring 15 is used to effectively improve the sealing effect, avoid leakage of high-temperature coolant from the connecting water channel 12, and avoid leakage pollution.

[0040] A stack hydrogen inlet 16 penetrating the water channel plate 3 is provided on the water channel plate 3, a hydrogen sealing ring 17 is provided on the extension of the stack hydrogen inlet 16, the stack hydrogen inlet 16 is connected to the heat exchange plate 1, and the hydrogen sealing ring 17 is connected to the water channel sealing ring 15; the hydrogen in the hydrogen flow channel 5 passes through the stack hydrogen inlet 16 into the interior of the stack, and is sealed by the hydrogen sealing ring 17 to prevent gas leakage.

[0041] Since the outlet water / exhaust temperature of the fuel cell stack is generally around 75-85°C, when the high-temperature air and high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack flow into the air heat exchange block 2 and the water channel plate 3, since the air heat exchange block 2 and the water channel plate 3 are located on the upper and lower sides of the heat exchange plate 1, and the hydrogen flow channel 5 is located in the heat exchange plate 1, the high-temperature air and high-temperature coolant in the air heat exchange block 2 and the water channel plate 3 are used to exchange heat with the heat exchange plate 1, resulting in the wall temperature of the hydrogen flow channel 5 also being maintained at 75-85°C, and the heat exchange plate 1 will increase the heat exchange and increase the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen flow channel 1. In this way, when the new hydrogen is mixed with the fuel cell stack return hydrogen, the temperatures of the new hydrogen and the fuel cell stack return hydrogen are similar, which can avoid condensation and precipitation of water vapor on the wall, thereby reducing the risk of condensed water flooding the stack and improving the efficiency of the system; in addition, the reuse of waste heat in the water channel and the air channel avoids energy waste and is also beneficial to improving the efficiency of the system.

[0042] The technical effect of the present invention is as follows: since the temperature of the water outlet from the fuel cell stack and the exhaust air is higher than the temperature of the hydrogen, the hydrogen flow channel 5 is heated by heat exchange under the influence of the temperature difference, thereby avoiding condensation of hydrogen into water, and the three-layer stacking arrangement leads to a higher wall temperature around the hydrogen flow channel 5, thereby avoiding the generation of condensed water due to low wall temperature, thereby reducing the risk of condensed water flooding the stack.

[0043] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above-mentioned concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure, characterized in that: It includes a sandwich-type hydrogen heating assembly, which consists of a hydrogen layer in the middle and an air layer and a water layer arranged above and below the hydrogen layer. The air layer and the water layer are both connected to the fuel cell stack. The air layer contains air exhausted from the fuel cell stack, and the water layer contains coolant exhausted from the fuel cell stack.

2. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen layer is a heat exchange plate (1) having a hydrogen flow channel (5) inside, the air layer is an air heat exchange block (2) arranged on one side of the heat exchange plate (1), and the water path layer is a water path plate (3) arranged on the other side of the heat exchange plate (1), the air heat exchange block (2) is connected to the battery stack, and the water path plate (3) is connected to the battery stack.

3. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An ejector (4) for supplying new hydrogen and returning hydrogen to the fuel cell stack is provided on the side of the heat exchange plate (1), and a hydrogen flow channel (5) connected to the ejector (4) is provided inside the heat exchange plate (1). The hydrogen flow channel (5) is in a cap shape, and fuel cell stack hydrogen inlets (6) are provided at both ends of the hydrogen flow channel (5).

4. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen flow channel (5) is divided into a hydrogen mixing zone (51) and a hydrogen rectifying zone (52). The hydrogen rectifying zone (52) is located on both sides of the hydrogen mixing zone (51). The hydrogen mixing zone (51) is connected to the ejector (4). A rectifying plate (53) is provided in the hydrogen rectifying zone (52).

5. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen mixing zone (51) is located in the middle of the hydrogen flow channel (5), the hydrogen rectifying zone (52) is connected to the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet (6), the rectifying plates (53) are arranged side by side in the hydrogen rectifying zone (52), the shape of the rectifying plates (53) is the same as that of the hydrogen rectifying zone (52), and the rectifying plates (53) are arranged along the direction in which the hydrogen rectifying zone (52) extends.

6. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air cell stack outlet pipe (7) is provided on the air heat exchange block (2), and the air cell stack outlet pipe (7) is connected to the cell stack. An air flow channel (8) is provided in the air heat exchange block (2), and one end of the air flow channel (8) is connected to the air cell stack outlet pipe (7), and the other end of the air flow channel (8) is provided with a discharge pipe (9).

7. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air heat exchange block (2) is provided with a cover plate (10) having the same cross-sectional shape as the heat exchange plate (1); the cover plate (10) is attached to the surface of the heat exchange plate (1); the air flow channel (8) is located on a side of the cover plate (10) away from the heat exchange plate (1); high-temperature air discharged from the fuel cell stack is contained in the air flow channel (8); and an airway sealing ring (11) is provided between the cover plate (10) and the heat exchange plate (1).

8. The double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water channel plate (3) is provided with a connecting water channel (12), and both ends of the connecting water channel (12) are provided with a stack water channel outlet (13). The connecting water channel (12) is connected to the stack through the stack water channel outlet (13). The connecting water channel (12) contains high-temperature coolant flowing out of the stack. The heat exchange plate (1) is provided with a water channel flow channel collecting outlet (14) connected to the connecting water channel (12).

9. A double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting water channel (12) is U-shaped, and the connecting water channel (12) is attached to the outer side of the heat exchange plate (1). The connecting water channel (12) is arranged along the flow channel of hydrogen flowing in the heat exchange plate (1). The water channel flow channel collection outlet (14) is arranged at the corner of the connecting water channel (12). A water channel sealing ring (15) is arranged between the water channel plate (3) and the heat exchange plate (1), and the sealing ring is arranged along the edge of the connecting water channel (12).

10. The double-stack hydrogen fuel cell sandwich hydrogen heating structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water channel plate (3) is provided with a fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet (16) penetrating the water channel plate (3); a hydrogen inlet sealing ring (17) is provided on the extension of the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet (16); the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet (16) is connected to the heat exchange plate (1); and the hydrogen inlet sealing ring (17) is connected to the water channel sealing ring (15).

Images