Mixed runner proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack

Abstract

The invention provides a mixed runner proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack which comprises a lower end plate and an upper end plate arranged above the lower end plate, a single cell unit is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, and side cover air inlet plates are arranged on two sides of the single cell unit. According to the mixed runner proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack, a proton conduction type single cell and an oxygen ion conduction type cell are integrated, so that the performance of the stack can be optimized in a wider temperature range, the temperature distribution condition of the stack is facilitated, and the stack is more suitable for a power generation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] The supply of renewable energy such as wind energy, solar energy, and tidal energy is affected by weather and natural conditions, and its energy supply mode is highly unstable, intermittent, and random. It is difficult to maintain a stable power supply condition, and the impact on the power grid is relatively large. The proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC) can realize bidirectional energy conversion of hydrogen production and power generation in the same device. When there is surplus electricity, the electrolyzer (SOEC) mode is used to prepare green fuels. When there is a demand for electricity, the fuel cell (SOFC) mode is used to efficiently generate electricity using the synthesized green fuel. Compared with other electrolyzers and fuel cells, the proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide cell operates in a larger temperature range, has a higher energy conversion efficiency and a wider adjustable voltage range. It is a large-capacity, high-charge / discharge cycle energy storage device suitable for unstable power supply conditions to adjust supply and demand. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack, which integrates proton conductive single cells and oxygen ion conductive cells, which is beneficial to optimize the stack performance within a wider temperature range, and is also beneficial to the temperature distribution of the stack, making the stack more suitable for power generation systems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack, comprising a lower end plate and an upper end plate arranged above the lower end plate, a battery cell is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, side cover air intake plates are arranged on both sides of the battery cell, and the battery cell is composed of multiple single-chip battery cells.

[0005] Preferably, a gas inlet and a gas outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the lower end plate, and a gas inlet groove and a gas outlet groove are provided on the lower end plate, the gas inlet groove is located at the gas inlet, and the gas outlet groove is located at the gas outlet; A battery unit positioning groove is provided on the lower end plate between the gas inlet groove and the gas outlet groove; Air inlets and air outlets are arranged on both sides of the lower end plate, and an air inlet groove and an air outlet groove are arranged on the lower end plate. The air inlet groove is located at the air inlet end, and the air outlet groove is located at the air outlet end.

[0006] Preferably, a first bipolar plate is provided on the monolithic battery unit, a second bipolar plate is provided above the first bipolar plate, a third slot and a fourth slot are provided on the second bipolar plate, anode foam metal is provided in the third slot and the fourth slot, and a proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell and an oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell are provided on one side of the anode foam metal; A first bipolar plate gas groove is provided on the first bipolar plate, and the other side of the anode foam metal is embedded in the first bipolar plate gas groove; A cathode foam metal is disposed on the other side of the first bipolar plate; A second bipolar plate gas inlet and a second bipolar plate gas outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the second bipolar plate, the second bipolar plate gas inlet and the second bipolar plate gas outlet are respectively located on one side of the third card slot and the fourth card slot, a first sealing layer is provided at the second bipolar plate gas inlet and the second bipolar plate gas outlet, a spacing is provided between the third card slot and the fourth card slot, and a second sealing layer is provided between the third card slot and the fourth card slot.

[0007] Preferably, a first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove is provided between the first bipolar plate gas grooves on the first bipolar plate, a first bipolar plate gas inlet and a first bipolar plate gas outlet are provided at both ends of the first bipolar plate, a first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove is further provided between the first bipolar plate gas inlet and the first bipolar plate gas outlet, and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove and the first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove are located on both sides of the first bipolar plate; A first bipolar plate air groove is formed between the first bipolar plate gas inlet, the first bipolar plate gas outlet and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove.

[0008] Preferably, the side cover air inlet plate is further provided with a first groove, and the first groove is connected to the side cover air inlet hole; The air inlet groove and the air outlet groove are in contact with the side cover air inlet hole arranged at the bottom end of the side cover air inlet plate, and a side cover base sealing strip is arranged between the side cover air inlet plate and the lower end plate; A side cover sealing strip is arranged between the side cover air intake plate and the single-chip battery unit.

[0009] Preferably, at least one of the air inlet, air outlet, air inlet groove and air outlet groove is provided.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end plate is provided with air cross-complementary flow grooves.

[0011] Preferably, connector positioning holes are provided at both ends of the second bipolar plate, first limit blocks are provided at both ends of the lower end plate, a first clamping groove is provided on the first limit block, and a first circular hole is provided on one side of the first clamping groove; second limit blocks are provided at both ends of the upper end plate, and a second clamping groove is provided on the second limit block; a long assembly screw is provided in the connector positioning hole, and the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove are also connected at both ends of the long assembly screw.

[0012] Preferably, side cover fixing holes are provided at both ends of the side cover air intake plate, and side cover fixing bolts are provided between the side cover fixing holes for connecting the side cover air intake plate.

[0013] Preferably, the gas cross-complementary flow grooves of the first bipolar plate, the air cross-complementary flow grooves of the first bipolar plate, and the air cross-complementary flow grooves are all composed of a plurality of protrusions at intervals.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack, and the technical effects are as follows: In the battery stack of the present invention, proton conduction type single cells and oxygen ion conduction type cells are integrated, which is beneficial to optimizing the performance of the battery stack in a wider temperature range and is also beneficial to the temperature distribution of the battery stack, making the battery stack more suitable for power generation systems.

[0015] In the fuel cell stack of the present invention, two air intake structures, an inner gas flow channel and an outer air flow channel, are combined. Compared with the outer flow channel structure, it is more conducive to the sealing of the gas flow channel, and compared with the inner flow channel, it reduces the complexity of the connector and assembly.

[0016] In the battery stack of the present invention, the connector is formed by welding two bipolar plates, which is beneficial to the sealing of the connector and simplifies the processing scheme.

[0017] In the battery stack of the present invention, bolt fixing grooves and positioning holes are provided in the lower end plate to facilitate the positioning and assembly of the battery stack and the transportation of the assembled battery stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the battery stack of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery stack of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the lower end plate of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the lower end plate of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the battery unit split structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the first bipolar plate of the interconnector of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the first bipolar plate of the interconnect of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second bipolar plate of the interconnector of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the upper end plate of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the upper end plate of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side cover air intake plate of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the battery stack assembly of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals 1. Lower end plate; 2. Single-chip battery unit; 3. Upper end plate; 4. Side cover air intake plate; 5. Side cover fixing bolts; 6. Bidirectional screw; 7. Side cover base sealing strip; 8. Side cover sealing strip; 9. Long assembly screw; 101, gas inlet; 102, gas outlet; 103, first air inlet; 104, second air inlet; 105, first air outlet; 106, second air outlet; 107, first air inlet slot; 108, second air inlet slot; 109, first air outlet slot; 1010, second air outlet slot; 1011, first card slot; 1012, first round hole; 1013, gas inlet slot; 1014, gas outlet slot; 1015, battery unit positioning slot; 201, first bipolar plate; 202, second bipolar plate; 203, first sealing layer; 204, anode foam metal; 205, proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell; 206, oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell; 207, cathode foam metal; 208, second sealing layer; 209, bipolar plate welding path; 2011, first bipolar plate gas inlet; 2012, first bipolar plate gas slot; 2013, first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow slot; 2014, first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow slot; 2015, first bipolar plate air slot; 2016, first bipolar plate gas outlet; 2021, second bipolar plate gas inlet; 2022, connector positioning hole; 2023, third slot; 2024, second bipolar plate gas outlet; 2025, fourth slot; 301, second card slot; 302, air cross-complementary flow slot; 401, side cover fixing hole; 402, side cover air inlet hole; 403, first groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0022] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack includes a lower end plate 1, an upper end plate 3 arranged above the lower end plate 1, a battery cell is arranged between the upper end plate 3 and the lower end plate 1, side cover air intake plates 4 are arranged on both sides of the battery cell 2, and the battery cell is composed of multiple single-chip battery cells 2.

[0023] A gas inlet 101 and a gas outlet 102 are respectively provided at both ends of the lower end plate 1. A gas inlet groove 1013 and a gas outlet groove 1014 are provided on the lower end plate 1. The gas inlet groove 1013 is located at the gas inlet end, and the gas outlet groove 1014 is located at the gas outlet 102 end.

[0024] A battery unit positioning groove is provided on the lower end plate 1 between the gas inlet groove 1013 and the gas outlet groove 1014 .

[0025] Air inlets and air outlets are arranged on both sides of the lower end plate 1. An air inlet groove and an air outlet groove are arranged on the lower end plate 1. The air inlet groove is located at the air inlet end, and the air outlet groove is located at the air outlet end. In the present embodiment, two air inlets, air outlets, air inlet grooves and air outlet grooves are arranged, including a first air inlet 103, a second air inlet 104, a first air outlet groove 109 and a second air outlet groove 1010.

[0026] The side cover air inlet plate 4 is also provided with a first groove 403, which is connected to the side cover air inlet hole 402; the air inlet groove and the air outlet groove are in contact with the side cover air inlet hole 402 provided at the bottom end of the side cover air inlet plate, and a side cover base sealing strip 7 is provided between the side cover air inlet plate 4 and the lower end plate 1. A side cover sealing strip 8 is provided between the side cover air inlet plate 4 and the single-chip battery unit 2. Side cover fixing holes 401 are provided at both ends of the side cover air inlet plate 4, and side cover fixing bolts 5 are provided between the side cover fixing holes 401 for connecting the side cover air inlet plate 4.

[0027] The gas enters each monolithic battery unit 2 from the gas inlet 101 through the gas inlet groove 1013, and is discharged from the gas outlet groove 1014 through the gas outlet 102 after reaction. The air enters the side cover inlet plate 4 from the first air inlet 103 and the second air inlet 104, and then enters each monolithic battery unit 2, and is discharged from the first air outlet groove 109 and the second air outlet groove 1010 through the first air outlet 105 and the second air outlet 106 after reaction. The monolithic battery unit 2 is stacked after being positioned with the battery unit positioning groove 1015, and the side cover inlet plate 4 is sealed on the air side by the side cover base sealing strip 7 and the side cover sealing strip 8, and the side cover inlet plate 4 is fixed by the side cover fixing bolt 5.

[0028] A first bipolar plate 201 is arranged on the monolithic battery unit 2, a second bipolar plate 202 is arranged above the first bipolar plate 201, a third card slot 2025 and a fourth card slot 2026 are arranged on the second bipolar plate 202, anode foam metal 204 is arranged in the third card slot 2025 and the fourth card slot 2026, a proton conducting solid oxide fuel cell 205 and an oxygen ion conducting solid oxide fuel cell 206 are arranged on one side of the anode foam metal 204; a first bipolar plate gas slot 2012 is arranged on the first bipolar plate 201, and the other side of the anode foam metal 204 is embedded in the first bipolar plate gas slot 2012; a cathode foam metal 207 is arranged on the other side of the first bipolar plate 201.

[0029] The second bipolar plate 202 is provided with a second bipolar plate gas inlet 2021 and a second bipolar plate gas outlet 2024 at both ends, and the second bipolar plate gas inlet 2021 and the second bipolar plate gas outlet 2024 are respectively located on one side of the third card slot 2025 and the fourth card slot 2026. The second bipolar plate gas inlet 2021 and the second bipolar plate gas outlet 2024 are provided with a first sealing layer 203, a spacing is provided between the third card slot 2025 and the fourth card slot 2026, and a second sealing layer 208 is provided between the third card slot 2025 and the fourth card slot 2026. The first sealing layer 203 and the second sealing layer 208 are located in the same horizontal plane, and the proton conducting solid oxide fuel cell 205 and the oxygen ion conducting solid oxide fuel cell 206 are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0030] A first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove 2013 is provided between the first bipolar plate gas grooves 2011 on the first bipolar plate 204, a first bipolar plate gas inlet 2011 and a first bipolar plate gas outlet 2016 are provided at both ends of the first bipolar plate 201, a first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove 2014 is further provided between the first bipolar plate gas inlet 2011 and the first bipolar plate gas outlet 2016, and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove 2014 and the first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove 2013 are located on both sides of the first bipolar plate 201; A first bipolar plate air groove 2015 is formed between the first bipolar plate gas inlet 2011 , the first bipolar plate gas outlet 2016 and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove 2014 .

[0031] A first bipolar plate air groove 2015 is formed between the first bipolar plate gas inlet 2011, the first bipolar plate gas outlet 2016 and the first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove 2014. The first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove 2013, the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove 2014 and the air cross-complementary flow groove 302 are all composed of a plurality of protrusions with intervals, so as to better circulate air or gas.

[0032] The monolithic battery unit 2 is composed of a first bipolar plate 201, a second bipolar plate 202, a first sealing layer 203, an anode foam metal 204, a proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell 205; an oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell 206; a cathode foam metal 207; a second sealing layer 208; a bipolar plate weld 209; a portion of the fuel gas is passed from the first bipolar plate gas port 2011 through the first bipolar plate gas groove 2012 through the anode foam metal 204 to react in the proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell 205, and the remaining gas enters the oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell 206 through the first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove 2013 to react, and is discharged from the first bipolar plate gas outlet 2016 after the reaction, and the air is transferred through the first bipolar plate air groove 2015 through the anode foam metal 207 to react, and the gas can be complemented through the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove 2014. The second bipolar plate 202 is welded with the first bipolar plate 201 to form a whole connector, and the bipolar plate welding path 209 is the periphery of the bipolar plate. Another part of the gas is transferred to the next single-chip battery unit through the second bipolar plate gas inlet 2021. To prevent gas leakage, a first sealing layer 203 is provided at the gas inlet and outlet. To prevent the upper and lower connectors from being directly connected, a second sealing layer 208 is provided in the middle part of the second bipolar plate 202. For the convenience of connector assembly, a connector positioning hole 2022 is provided on the second bipolar plate 202, and for the convenience of battery assembly, a third card slot 2023 and a fourth card slot 2025 are provided on the second bipolar plate 202.

[0033] Connector positioning holes 2022 are provided at both ends of the second bipolar plate 202, first limit blocks are provided at both ends of the lower end plate 1, a first card slot 1011 is provided on the first limit block, and a first circular hole 1012 is provided on one side of the first card slot 1011; second limit blocks are provided at both ends of the upper end plate 3, a second card slot 301 is provided on the second limit block; a long assembly screw 9 is provided in the connector positioning hole 2022, and the two ends of the long assembly screw 9 are also connected to the first card slot 1011 and the second card slot 301.

[0034] The long assembly screw 9 is threadedly connected to the lower end plate 1 to assemble and position the single-chip battery unit 2. After the battery stack is assembled, the long assembly screw 9 is removed and the bidirectional screw 6 is installed to tighten the battery stack.

[0035] The upper end plate 3 is provided with a flow groove 302 for cross-complementation of air, and the upper end plate 3 is provided with a second clamping groove 301. The battery stack is fastened by a bidirectional screw 6, and the flow groove 302 for cross-complementation of air is provided for air complementation.

[0036] The fuel cell stack is divided into two modes: SOFC and SOEC. The inlet and outlet positions of the two modes need to change when working: One is a power generation scheme based on the above-mentioned fuel cell stack. The fuel gas inlet is close to the proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell, and its reaction temperature is lower than that of the oxygen-ion-conducting solid oxide fuel cell. The heat generated by the battery after the reaction is transferred to the oxygen-ion-conducting solid oxide fuel cell through the reaction gas.

[0037] One is a power generation scheme based on the above-mentioned fuel cell stack. The fuel gas inlet is converted to be close to the oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell, and its reaction temperature is higher than that of the proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell. The heat of the reaction gas absorbed by the cell after the reaction is transferred to the proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell to keep it at a suitable reaction temperature.

[0038] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack to integrate the proton conductive single cell and the oxygen ion conductive cell, which is beneficial to optimize the stack performance within a wider temperature range, and is also beneficial to the temperature distribution of the stack, making the stack more suitable for power generation systems.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack, characterized in that: It includes a lower end plate and an upper end plate arranged above the lower end plate, a battery unit is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, side cover air intake plates are arranged on both sides of the battery unit, and the battery unit is composed of multiple single-chip battery units.

2. A mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the lower end plate are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the lower end plate is provided with a gas inlet groove and a gas outlet groove, the gas inlet groove is located at the gas inlet, and the gas outlet groove is located at the gas outlet; A battery unit positioning groove is provided on the lower end plate between the gas inlet groove and the gas outlet groove; Air inlets and air outlets are arranged on both sides of the lower end plate, and an air inlet groove and an air outlet groove are arranged on the lower end plate. The air inlet groove is located at the air inlet end, and the air outlet groove is located at the air outlet end.

3. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monolithic battery unit is provided with a first bipolar plate, a second bipolar plate is provided above the first bipolar plate, the second bipolar plate is provided with a third slot and a fourth slot, anode foam metals are provided in the third slot and the fourth slot, and a proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell and an oxygen ion conduction solid oxide fuel cell are provided on one side of the anode foam metal; A first bipolar plate gas groove is provided on the first bipolar plate, and the other side of the anode foam metal is embedded in the first bipolar plate gas groove; A cathode foam metal is disposed on the other side of the first bipolar plate; A second bipolar plate gas inlet and a second bipolar plate gas outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the second bipolar plate, the second bipolar plate gas inlet and the second bipolar plate gas outlet are respectively located on one side of the third card slot and the fourth card slot, a first sealing layer is provided at the second bipolar plate gas inlet and the second bipolar plate gas outlet, a spacing is provided between the third card slot and the fourth card slot, and a second sealing layer is provided between the third card slot and the fourth card slot.

4. A mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove is provided between the first bipolar plate gas grooves on the first bipolar plate, a first bipolar plate gas inlet and a first bipolar plate gas outlet are provided at both ends of the first bipolar plate, a first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove is further provided between the first bipolar plate gas inlet and the first bipolar plate gas outlet, and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove and the first bipolar plate gas cross-complementary flow groove are located on both sides of the first bipolar plate; A first bipolar plate air groove is formed between the first bipolar plate gas inlet, the first bipolar plate gas outlet and the first bipolar plate air cross-complementary flow groove.

5. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side cover air inlet plate is also provided with a first groove, and the first groove is connected to the side cover air inlet hole; The air inlet groove and the air outlet groove are in contact with the side cover air inlet hole arranged at the bottom end of the side cover air inlet plate, and a side cover base sealing strip is arranged between the side cover air inlet plate and the lower end plate; A side cover sealing strip is arranged between the side cover air intake plate and the single-chip battery unit.

6. A mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the air inlet, the air outlet, the air inlet slot and the air outlet slot is provided.

7. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end plate is provided with air cross-complementary flow grooves.

8. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: Connector positioning holes are provided at both ends of the second bipolar plate, first limit blocks are provided at both ends of the lower end plate, a first clamping groove is provided on the first limit block, and a first circular hole is provided on one side of the first clamping groove; second limit blocks are provided at both ends of the upper end plate, and a second clamping groove is provided on the second limit block; a long assembly screw is provided in the connector positioning hole, and the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove are also connected at both ends of the long assembly screw.

9. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side cover fixing holes are arranged at both ends of the side cover air intake plate, and side cover fixing bolts are arranged between the side cover fixing holes for connecting the side cover air intake plate.

10. The mixed flow channel proton-oxygen ion reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas cross-complementary flow grooves of the first bipolar plate, the air cross-complementary flow grooves of the first bipolar plate, and the air cross-complementary flow grooves are all composed of a plurality of protrusions at intervals.

Images