An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristic

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electromagnetic field and microwave technology, and provides an ultra-wideband tightly-coupled metal dipole antenna array with a wave-trap characteristic, which comprises a tightly-coupled metal dipole array located below and a planar wave-absorbing structure located above; the tightly-coupled metal dipole array comprises M*N metal dipole units, the planar wave-absorbing structure comprises M*N planar wave-absorbing units, the metal dipole unit comprises a left gradually-changing dipole arm, a right gradually-changing dipole arm, a left coupling metal piece, a right coupling metal piece, a feeding printed board, a planar metal floor and a feeding coaxial line; the planar wave-absorbing unit comprises a supporting dielectric sheet, a planar dielectric substrate and a printed patch layer, the printed patch layer is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate, the application has the working characteristic of ultra-wideband, can realize the wave-trap function, and can adjust the center frequency point and the bandwidth of the wave-trap frequency band by changing the electrical length and the rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electromagnetic field and microwave technology, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with a notch characteristic, which is mainly used in ultra-wideband, wide-angle scanning and notch wireless communication scenarios. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of integration of wireless communication systems, the arrangement space of antennas is increasingly limited. An ultra-wideband antenna can cover multiple frequency bands in a limited design space, thereby avoiding electromagnetic interference between multiple types of antennas. A tightly coupled dipole antenna array utilizes the coupling effect between adjacent antenna elements to form a continuous current distribution, thereby widening the operating bandwidth. In order to enhance the coupling effect, the tightly coupled array elements usually need to be miniaturized to arrange the adjacent elements more closely, which is beneficial to improve the wide-angle scanning performance of the array.

[0003] When the operating frequency band range of an ultra-wideband wireless communication system overlaps with the operating frequency band range of an existing narrowband system, mutual interference of signals will occur. Adding a filter at the back end of the antenna system can suppress the interference, but the filter will increase the complexity of the system link, which is not conducive to integrated design. Designing an antenna with a notch characteristic can suppress interference without increasing the complexity of the system as much as possible. Currently, methods for realizing the notch function of an antenna include slotting, adding a resonant structure, and introducing a parasitic structure. However, some notch designs will affect the performance of other normal operating frequency bands, and some designs have the disadvantage of complex simulation debugging process. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to design an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with a notch characteristic to address the defects of the prior art, so that the antenna array has an ultra-wideband operating characteristic and realizes a notch function. Due to the miniaturized design of the elements, the antenna array can be used for wideband and wide-angle scanning design. The antenna array realizes the notch characteristic by loading a planar wave-absorbing structure. By changing the electrical length and rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer, the center frequency point and bandwidth of the notch frequency band can be adjusted, thereby simplifying the simulation debugging process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with a notch characteristic includes a tightly coupled metal dipole array located below and a planar wave-absorbing structure located above. The tightly coupled metal dipole array includes M x N metal dipole elements 1, and the planar wave-absorbing structure includes M x N planar wave-absorbing elements 2. Wherein,

[0007] The metal dipole unit 1 comprises a left tapered dipole arm 11, a right tapered dipole arm 12, a left coupling metal piece 13, a right coupling metal piece 14, a feeding printed board 15, a planar metal ground plate 16 and a feeding coaxial line 17; the left tapered dipole arm 11 and the right tapered dipole arm 12 are respectively located above the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14, forming a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 are electrically connected with the planar metal ground plate 16 through the slot holes on the feeding printed board 15 and the planar metal ground plate 15 adhered to the feeding printed board 15, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feeding coaxial line 17 are electrically connected with the feeding printed board 15 and the planar metal ground plate 16 respectively;

[0008] The planar absorbing unit 2 is located above the metal dipole unit 1 and comprises a supporting dielectric sheet 21, a planar dielectric substrate 22 and a printed patch layer 23; the printed patch layer 23 is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the planar dielectric substrate 22 is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet 21 and placed above the metal dipole unit 1.

[0009] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the left tapered dipole arm 11 comprises a left tapered metal sheet 111, a left L-shaped metal sheet 112, a left grounding metal sheet 113 and a tapered feeding metal sheet 114; the right tapered dipole arm 12 comprises a right tapered metal sheet 121, a right L-shaped metal sheet 122, a right first grounding metal sheet 123 and a right second grounding metal sheet 124; wherein,

[0010] The projections of the left tapered metal sheet 111 and the right tapered metal sheet 121 on the horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side and two arc lines, and the right tapered metal sheet 121 is in a mirror image symmetric relationship with the left tapered metal sheet 111;

[0011] The left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on one side of the long side of the left tapered metal sheet 111, the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on one side of the long side of the right tapered metal sheet 121, and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is in a mirror image symmetric relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112;

[0012] The left grounding metal sheet 113 and the right first grounding metal sheet 123 are concave structures vertically placed and in a mirror image symmetric relationship; the tapered feeding metal sheet 114 comprises a vertically placed tapered metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, and the upper end of the tapered feeding metal sheet 114 is electrically connected with one side of the short side of the left tapered metal sheet 111; the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is a vertically placed rectangular metal sheet structure, and the upper end of the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is electrically connected with one side of the short side of the right tapered metal sheet 121.

[0013] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the left coupling metal member 13 includes a left coupling metal sheet 131, a first left semicircular support column 132, and a second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal member 14 includes a right coupling metal sheet 141, a first right semicircular support column 142, and a second right semicircular support column 143; wherein,

[0014] The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure, located above the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal sheet 141 is mirror-symmetrical to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are mirror-symmetrical to the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 respectively;

[0015] The left coupling metal plate 131 in the metal dipole unit 1 is electrically connected to the right coupling metal plate 141 of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal plate; the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 of the adjacent unit respectively to form two circular support columns.

[0016] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the feed printed board 15 includes a square dielectric substrate 151 and a printed feed line 152; the flat metal floor 16 is a square structure, located below and in close contact with the feed printed board 15;

[0017] The square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with a left rectangular through-slot 1511, a first right rectangular through-slot 1512, a second right rectangular through-slot 1513, a first left semicircular through-hole 1514, a second left semicircular through-hole 1515, a first right semicircular through-hole 1516, and a second right semicircular through-hole 1517. A printed feed line 152 is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate 151, with one end of the printed feed line 152 near the center of the unit electrically connected to the lower end of the gradient feed metal sheet 114.

[0018] The upper end of the left grounding metal sheet 113 is electrically connected to the left gradient metal sheet 111 and the left L-shaped metal sheet 112, and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through-slot 1511 and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16; the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet 123 is electrically connected to the right gradient metal sheet 121 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122, and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through-slot 1512 and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16. It is mirror-symmetrical with the left grounding metal sheet 113.

[0019] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the lower ends thereof pass through the first left semicircular through hole 1514 and the second left semicircular through hole 1515, respectively, and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16;

[0020] The upper ends of the first right half-circular support column 142 and the second right half-circular support column 143 are electrically connected with the right coupling metal sheet 141, and the lower ends pass through the first right half-circular through hole 1516 and the second right half-circular through hole 1517 respectively and are electrically connected with the planar metal floor 16.

[0021] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the support medium sheet 21 comprises a left medium sheet 211 and a right medium sheet 212, which are located above the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 respectively; and the left end and the right end of the planar medium substrate 22 are supported by the left medium sheet 211 and the right medium sheet 212 respectively.

[0022] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the planar metal floor 16 is provided with an outer feeding through hole, and the square medium substrate 151 is provided with an inner feeding through hole; the inner conductor of the feeding coaxial line passes through the inner feeding through hole and is electrically connected with the end of the printed feeding line 152 close to the outer side of the unit, and the outer conductor passes through the outer feeding through hole and is electrically connected with the planar metal floor 16.

[0023] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the printed patch layer 23 comprises a bending type printed patch 231, a left rectangular printed patch 232 and a right rectangular printed patch 233;

[0024] The bending type printed patch 231 comprises a left arm and a right arm; the left arm comprises an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch which are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the planar medium substrate 22 respectively; the upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected through the metalized through hole provided on the planar medium substrate 22; the right arm of the bending type printed patch 231 is in a mirror image symmetry relationship with the left arm, and the two are electrically connected through a patch resistor;

[0025] The left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar medium substrate 22, and are located on the left side and the right side of the bending type printed patch 231 respectively;

[0026] The included angle between the long side of the bending type printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 and the positive direction of the unit x-axis is α, and the value of the included angle α ranges from -90° to 90°.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least one of the following technical effects:

[0028] The present application has the working characteristics of ultra-wideband and can realize the function of wave trapping; the metal dipole unit of the designed ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array adopts a tightly coupled design, which enhances the mutual coupling between adjacent units, expands the working bandwidth of the unit, and the radiation arm and the feeding structure of the dipole unit adopt a gradual design, which is beneficial to impedance matching;

[0029] The tight coupling dipole unit realizes a miniaturized design, reduces the period size, makes the unit arrangement more compact, and enables the antenna array to be used for wide-angle scanning design;

[0030] By loading the planar absorbing unit, the tight coupling metal dipole antenna array can realize the wave-trap characteristic, the center frequency point of the wave-trap frequency band can be adjusted by changing the electrical length of the patch in the printed patch layer, and the bandwidth of the wave-trap frequency band can be adjusted by changing the rotation angle of the patch in the printed patch layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the ultra-wideband tight coupling metal dipole antenna array with wave-trap characteristic of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the unit of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structure parameter schematic diagram of the left gradient type metal sheet and the gradient type feeding metal sheet of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structure parameter schematic diagram of the gradient type dipole arm and the coupling metal piece of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structure parameter schematic diagram of the feeding printed board and the planar metal floor of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structure parameter schematic diagram of the planar absorbing unit of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a voltage standing wave ratio curve diagram of the unit of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 under the period boundary condition;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a voltage standing wave ratio curve diagram of the center unit of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a maximum gain change curve with frequency of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2;

[0041] Figure 10 a and Figure 10 b are respectively the radiation patterns of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 at the frequency of 1.2 GHz.

[0042] Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b are the radiation patterns of the present application embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 at a frequency of 1.9 GHz, respectively.

[0043] Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b are the radiation patterns of the present application embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, respectively.

[0044] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] 1: metal dipole unit; 11: left tapered dipole arm; 111: left tapered metal sheet; 112: left L-shaped metal sheet; 113: left ground metal sheet; 114: tapered feed metal sheet; 12: right tapered dipole arm; 121: right tapered metal sheet; 122: right L-shaped metal sheet; 123: right first ground metal sheet; 124: right second ground metal sheet; 13: left coupling metal piece; 131: left coupling metal sheet; 132: first left semicircular support column; 133: second left semicircular support column; 14: right coupling metal piece; 141: right coupling metal sheet; 142: first right semicircular support column; 143: second right semicircular support column; 15: feed printed board; 151: square dielectric substrate; 1511: left rectangular through slot; 1512: first right rectangular through slot; 1513: second right rectangular through slot; 1514: first left semicircular through hole; 1515: second left semicircular through hole; 1516: first right semicircular through hole; 1517: second right semicircular through hole; 152: printed feed line; 16: planar metal floor; 17: feed coaxial line;

[0046] 2: planar absorbing unit; 21: support dielectric sheet; 211: left dielectric sheet; 212: right dielectric sheet; 22: planar dielectric substrate; 23: printed patch layer; 231: bent printed patch; 232: left rectangular printed patch; 233: right rectangular printed patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will combine the accompanying drawings to further describe the present application in detail. Figures 1 to 6 The specific embodiments and effects of the present application will be further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] The present application embodiment is an ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with a notch characteristic, which has an ultra-wideband working characteristic and can realize a notch function. Referring to Figure 1, embodiment 1 includes a tightly coupled metal dipole array located below and a planar wave-absorbing structure located above; the tightly coupled metal dipole array includes M x N metal dipole units 1, and the planar wave-absorbing structure includes M x N planar wave-absorbing units 2; in this embodiment, M and N are both set to 8, such as 8 x 8 metal dipole units 1 and 8 x 8 planar wave-absorbing units 2, wherein,

[0050] Referring to Figure 2 , the metal dipole unit 1 includes a left tapered dipole arm 11, a right tapered dipole arm 12, a left coupling metal piece 13, a right coupling metal piece 14, a feeding printed board 15, a planar metal ground plate 16, and a feeding coaxial line 17; the left tapered dipole arm 11 and the right tapered dipole arm 12 are located above the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14, respectively, to form a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece 13 and the right coupling metal piece 14 are electrically connected to the planar metal ground plate 16 through a slot hole on the feeding printed board 15 and the planar metal ground plate 16 adhered to the feeding printed board 15, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feeding coaxial line 17 are electrically connected to the feeding printed board 15 and the planar metal ground plate 16, respectively.

[0051] The planar wave-absorbing unit 2 is located above the metal dipole unit 1 and includes a supporting dielectric sheet 21, a planar dielectric substrate 22, and a printed patch layer 23; the printed patch layer 23 is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the planar dielectric substrate 22 is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet 21 and placed above the metal dipole unit 1.

[0052] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the left tapered dipole arm 11 includes a left tapered metal sheet 111, a left L-shaped metal sheet 112, a left grounding metal sheet 113, and a tapered feeding metal sheet 114; the right tapered dipole arm 12 includes a right tapered metal sheet 121, a right L-shaped metal sheet 122, a right first grounding metal sheet 123, and a right second grounding metal sheet 124; wherein,

[0053] The projections of the left tapered metal sheet 111 and the right tapered metal sheet 121 on the horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side, and two arc lines, and the right tapered metal sheet 121 is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left tapered metal sheet 111;

[0054] The left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on one side of the long side of the left tapered metal sheet 111, the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on one side of the long side of the right tapered metal sheet 121, and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112;

[0055] The left grounding metal sheet 113 and the right first grounding metal sheet 123 are concave structures arranged vertically and mirror-symmetrically; the gradient feed metal sheet 114 includes a vertically arranged gradient metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, and the upper end of the metal base is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the left gradient metal sheet 111; the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is a vertically arranged rectangular metal sheet structure, and the upper end of the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is electrically connected to one side of the short side of the right gradient metal sheet 121.

[0056] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the left coupling metal piece 13 includes a left coupling metal sheet 131, a first left semicircular support column 132, and a second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal piece 14 includes a right coupling metal sheet 141, a first right semicircular support column 142, and a second right semicircular support column 143; wherein,

[0057] The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally arranged metal sheet structure arranged above the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133; the right coupling metal sheet 141 is mirror-symmetrically related to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 are mirror-symmetrically related to the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133, respectively;

[0058] The left coupling metal sheet 131 in the metal dipole unit 1 is electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141 of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal sheet; the first left semicircular support column 132 and the second left semicircular support column 133 are electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column 142 and the second right semicircular support column 143 of the adjacent unit, respectively, to form two circular support columns.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3 , the projection of the left gradient metal sheet 111 on the XY plane is surrounded by a long side, a short side, and two arc lines C1 and C2 which are mirror-symmetrically related, and the thickness of the left gradient metal sheet 111 is 2.0 mm, wherein the length of the long side is about 56.0 mm, and the length of the short side is about 15.145 mm. xoy a1 t a1 l a1 s uv In the XY coordinate system, the equation of the arc line C1 is v = a 1 × exp( p 1× u ) + q 1 × u + v 0; wherein, a ​​​​1 = 0.002, p 1 = 80, q 1 = 0.01, v 0 = 0.005, u the value range of c 1 ~ c 2, wherein, c 1 = 0.003, c 2 = c 1+ h a1 = 0.030363, parameter u 、 v the unit is meter; the right gradual change type metal sheet 121 and the left gradual change type metal sheet 111 are mirror image symmetry relationship;

[0060] The gradual change type feeding metal sheet 114 includes a vertical placed gradual change type metal sheet and a metal base from top to bottom, and the upper end is electrically connected with one side of the short side of the left gradual change type metal sheet 111; the projection of the gradual change type metal sheet on the plane is surrounded by the long side, the short side and the two arc-shaped lines C3 and C4 in mirror image symmetry relationship, and the thickness of the gradual change type metal sheet is yoz 2.0 mm, wherein the length of the long side is t a2 about 14.373 mm, the length of the short side is l a2 about 2.9212 mm, in the coordinate system, the equation of the arc-shaped line C3 is s a2 = mn 2 n exp( a 2× × ) + p 2 m q 2 × m + m 0; wherein, a 2 = 0.0002, p 2 = 100, q 2 = 0.04, m 0 =0.001, m the value range of c 3 ~ c 4, wherein, c 3 = 0.004032, c 3 = c 4+ h a2 = 0.032, parameter m 、 n the unit is meter; the length of the metal base is​l a3 = 3.2 mm, width t a3 = 2.4 mm, height h a3 = 2.0 mm;

[0061] Referring to Figure 4 , the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 is located on the long side of the left tapered metal sheet 111, and the length l b1 = 56.0 mm, the width w b1 = 6.637 mm, the height of the longitudinal part h b1 = 5.0 mm, the thickness of the longitudinal part t b1 = 3.0 mm; the right L-shaped metal sheet 122 is located on the long side of the right tapered metal sheet 121, and is in a mirror image symmetric relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet 112;

[0062] The left grounding metal sheet 113 is a concave structure placed vertically, and the height h b2 = 32.0 mm, the width w b2 = 20.0 mm, the thickness t b2 = 4.0 mm, the height of the concave part h b3 = 26.0 mm, the width w b3 = 20.0 mm, the depth t b3 = 2.0 mm, the right first grounding metal sheet 123 is also a concave structure placed vertically, and is in a mirror image symmetric relationship with the left grounding metal sheet 113, and the right second grounding metal sheet 124 is located on the short side of the right tapered metal sheet 121, and the height h b4 = 32.0 mm, the width w b4 = 15.0 mm, the thickness t b4 = 2.0 mm.

[0063] The left coupling metal sheet 131 is a horizontally placed metal sheet structure located above the first left half-circular support column 132 and the second left half-circular support column 133, wherein the length l m = 64.0 mm, the width w m = 5.0 mm, the thicknesst m = 2.0 mm, the height of the two half-circular support columns is h m = 28.0 mm, the radius is r m = 3.0 mm;

[0064] The right coupling metal sheet 141 is in a mirror image symmetry relationship with the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the first right half-circular support column 142 and the second right half-circular support column 143 are in a mirror image symmetry relationship with the first left half-circular support column 132 and the second left half-circular support column 133, respectively.

[0065] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the feeding printed board 15 comprises a square dielectric substrate 151 and a printed feeding line 152; the planar metal ground plate 16 is in a square structure and is located below and closely attached to the feeding printed board 15;

[0066] Referring to Figure 5 , the square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with a left rectangular through slot 1511, a first right rectangular through slot 1512, a second right rectangular through slot 1513, a first left half-circular through hole 1514, a second left half-circular through hole 1515, a first right half-circular through hole 1516 and a second right half-circular through hole 1517; the printed feeding line 152 is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate 151, and is electrically connected to the lower end of the tapered feeding metal sheet 114 at the end close to the unit center; the printed feeding line 152 is formed by four feeding lines connected in sequence, and the lengths of the four feeding lines are l f1 = 11.0 mm, l f2 = 19.75 mm, l f3 = 3.75 mm, l f4 = 3.8 mm, and the widths are w f1 = 4.5 mm, w f2 = 2.5 mm, w f3 = 2.5 mm, w f4 = 3.0 mm, the printed feeding line 152 has a triangular corner cut at the corner, and the length of the right angle side of the triangle is 1.2 mm; the lengths of the square dielectric substrate 151 and the planar metal ground plate 16 are p x = 80.0 mm, and the widths are p y= 80.0 mm, wherein the square dielectric substrate 151 has a thickness of 2.032 mm, a relative dielectric constant of 2.94, and the planar metal floor 16 has a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0067] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 2 , the upper end of the left grounding metal sheet 113 is electrically connected to the left tapered metal sheet 111 and the left L-shaped metal sheet 112, and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through slot 1511 and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16; the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet 123 is electrically connected to the right tapered metal sheet 121 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122, and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through slot 1512 and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16, which is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left grounding metal sheet 113.

[0068] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the upper ends of the first left half-circular support column 132 and the second left half-circular support column 133 are electrically connected to the left coupling metal sheet 131, and the lower ends pass through the first left half-circular through hole 1514 and the second left half-circular through hole 1515, respectively, and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16.

[0069] The upper ends of the first right half-circular support column 142 and the second right half-circular support column 143 are electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet 141, and the lower ends pass through the first right half-circular through hole 1516 and the second right half-circular through hole 1517, respectively, and are electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16.

[0070] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the support dielectric sheet 21 includes a left dielectric sheet 211 and a right dielectric sheet 212, which are located above the left L-shaped metal sheet 112 and the right L-shaped metal sheet 122, respectively; and the left and right ends of the planar dielectric substrate 22 are supported by the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212, respectively.

[0071] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the planar metal floor 16 is provided with an outer feed-through hole, and the square dielectric substrate 151 is provided with an inner feed-through hole; the inner conductor of the feed coaxial line passes through the inner feed-through hole and is electrically connected to the end of the printed feed line 152 close to the outer side of the unit, the outer conductor passes through the outer feed-through hole and is electrically connected to the planar metal floor 16, and the distance between the center of the feed coaxial line and the edge of the planar metal floor 16 is d f = 10.0 mm.

[0072] With reference to Figure 6 , the lengths of the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212 are both l s1 = 56.0 mm, and the widths of the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212 are both w s1 = 3.0 mm, and the thicknesses of the left dielectric sheet 211 and the right dielectric sheet 212 are both ts1 = 4.0 mm, the relative dielectric constant of the material used by both is 2.1; the length of the planar dielectric substrate 22 l s2 is 74.0 mm, the width w s2 is 56.0 mm, and the thickness t s2 is 1.016 mm, and the relative dielectric constant of the material used is 2.2;

[0073] Further, according to the embodiment of the present application, the printed patch layer 23 comprises a folded printed patch 231, a left rectangular printed patch 232, and a right rectangular printed patch 233;

[0074] The folded printed patch 231 comprises a left arm and a right arm; the left arm comprises an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate 22 respectively, the length of the upper rectangular printed patch l p1 is 25.75 mm, and the width w p1 is 3.2 mm, and the length of the lower rectangular printed patch l p2 is 24.0 mm, and the width w p2 is 3.2 mm; the upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected through a metalized through hole formed on the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the diameter of the through hole is 2.0 mm; the right arm of the folded printed patch 231 is in a mirror-symmetrical relationship with the left arm, and the two arms are electrically connected through a patch resistor;

[0075] The left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the folded printed patch 231;

[0076] The long sides of the folded printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232, and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are at an included angle x with the positive direction of the x-axis, and the included angle α ranges from -90° to 90°. α

[0077] Specifically, the three-axis right-hand coordinate system in the embodiment takes the geometric center of the antenna array or a specific reference point as the origin, y the x-axis is parallel to the long side of the left tapered metal sheet 111, x the y-axis is perpendicular to y the z-axis, and points from the left tapered metal sheet 111 to the right tapered metal sheet 121, and both are parallel to the plane on which the planar metal floor 16 is located, z ​The axis is perpendicular to the plane in which the planar metal floor 16 is located. l p 56.0 mm, and the right arm and the left arm are in a mirror-symmetrical relationship, and the two are electrically connected through a patch resistor with a resistance of 10 ohms; the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate 22, and the lengths are both l p3 28.0 mm, and the widths are both w p3 3.0 mm, and the two are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch 231, and the distance between the two is d p 15.0 mm; the long sides of the bent printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are at an angle of x α The angle α is 60°.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] In this embodiment, the long sides of the bent printed patch 231, the left rectangular printed patch 232 and the right rectangular printed patch 233 are at an angle of x α The angle

[0080] The effects of the present application can be further illustrated by the following simulation:

[0081] Simulation content:

[0082] Simulation 1. Under the periodic boundary condition, when the frequency is 0.9-3.0 GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the units of the present application embodiments 1 and 2 is simulated, and the results are shown in Figure 7 The results show that when the angle α is 60°, the VSWR of the unit is less than 2.0 in the frequency range of 1.0-1.8 GHz, 2.0-2.45 GHz, and a notch characteristic appears in the frequency range of 1.8-2.0 GHz; when the angle α is 90°, the VSWR of the unit is less than 2.0 in the frequency range of 1.0-2.45 GHz.

[0083] Simulation 2. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the center units of the present application embodiments 1 and 2 is simulated, and the results are shown in Figure 8 ​​The results show that the VSWR of the unit in Example 1 is less than 2.0 in the frequency ranges of 1.15 to 1.8 GHz and 2.05 to 2.45 GHz, and exhibits a notch characteristic in the frequency range of 1.8 to 2.05 GHz; the VSWR of the unit in Example 2 is less than 2.0 in the frequency range of 1.1 to 2.5 GHz.

[0084] Simulation 3 simulates the maximum gain versus frequency curves of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention, and the results are as follows: Figure 9 The results show that Example 1 has a notch characteristic in the frequency range of 1.8~2.1 GHz, and the gain decreases significantly, while Example 2 does not have a notch characteristic, indicating that the notch characteristic of the array is related to the rotation angle. α Related.

[0085] Simulation 4, the main polarization of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention at 1.2 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Figure 10 a and Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 2 , the simulation results show that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 18.9 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 18.9 dBi.

[0086] Simulation 5, the main polarization of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention at 1.9 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Figure 11 a and Figure 11 As shown in FIG. 2 , the simulation results show that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 16.9 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 22.7 dBi.

[0087] Simulation 6, the main polarization of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention at 2.4 GHz ( x polarization) and cross-polarization ( y The polarization) pattern was simulated, and the simulation results are as follows Figure 12 a and Figure 12 As shown in FIG. 2 , the simulation results show that the maximum gain of Example 1 at this frequency point is 24.5 dBi, and the maximum gain of Example 2 at this frequency point is 24.7 dBi.

[0088] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array with notch characteristics, characterized in that, comprising a tightly coupled metal dipole array located below and a planar wave-absorbing structure located above; the tightly coupled metal dipole array comprises M × N metal dipole units (1), and the planar wave-absorbing structure comprises M × N planar wave-absorbing units (2); wherein, the metal dipole unit (1) comprises a left tapered dipole arm (11), a right tapered dipole arm (12), a left coupling metal piece (13), a right coupling metal piece (14), a feeding printed board (15), a planar metal ground plate (16), and a feeding coaxial line (17); the left tapered dipole arm (11) and the right tapered dipole arm (12) are located above the left coupling metal piece (13) and the right coupling metal piece (14) respectively, forming a coupling relationship; the left coupling metal piece (13) and the right coupling metal piece (14) are electrically connected with the planar metal ground plate (16) adhered to the feeding printed board (15) through a slot hole on the feeding printed board (15), and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feeding coaxial line (17) are electrically connected with the feeding printed board (15) and the planar metal ground plate (16) respectively; the planar wave-absorbing unit (2) is located above the metal dipole unit (1) and comprises a supporting dielectric sheet (21), a planar dielectric substrate (22), and a printed patch layer (23); the printed patch layer (23) is printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the planar dielectric substrate (22), and the planar dielectric substrate (22) is supported by the supporting dielectric sheet (21) and placed above the metal dipole unit (1).

2. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, the left tapered dipole arm (11) comprises a left tapered metal sheet (111), a left L-shaped metal sheet (112), a left ground metal sheet (113), and a tapered feeding metal sheet (114); the right tapered dipole arm (12) comprises a right tapered metal sheet (121), a right L-shaped metal sheet (122), a right first ground metal sheet (123), and a right second ground metal sheet (124); wherein, the projections of the left tapered metal sheet (111) and the right tapered metal sheet (121) on the horizontal plane are both surrounded by a long side, a short side, and two arc lines, and the right tapered metal sheet (121) is in a mirror symmetry relationship with the left tapered metal sheet (111); the left L-shaped metal sheet (112) is located on one side of the long side of the left tapered metal sheet (111), the right L-shaped metal sheet (122) is located on one side of the long side of the right tapered metal sheet (121), and is in the mirror symmetry relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet (112); the left L-shaped metal sheet (112) is located on one side of the long side of the left tapered metal sheet (111), the right L-shaped metal sheet (122) is located on one side of the long side of the right tapered metal sheet (121), and is in the mirror symmetry relationship with the left L-shaped metal sheet (112); The left ground metal sheet (113) and the right first ground metal sheet (123) are concave structures arranged vertically and are in the mirror image symmetry; the tapered feed metal sheet (114) comprises a tapered metal sheet arranged vertically and a metal base, and the upper end of the metal base is electrically connected to one side of the short edge of the left tapered metal sheet (111); the right second ground metal sheet (124) is a rectangular metal sheet structure arranged vertically, and the upper end of the right second ground metal sheet (124) is electrically connected to one side of the short edge of the right tapered metal sheet (121).

3. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 2, wherein, The left coupling metal piece (13) comprises a left coupling metal sheet (131), a first left semicircular support column (132) and a second left semicircular support column (133); the right coupling metal piece (14) comprises a right coupling metal sheet (141), a first right semicircular support column (142) and a second right semicircular support column (143); wherein, The left coupling metal sheet (131) is a metal sheet structure arranged horizontally and is located above the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133); the right coupling metal sheet (141) is in the mirror image symmetry with the left coupling metal sheet (131), and the first right semicircular support column (142) and the second right semicircular support column (143) are in the mirror image symmetry with the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133) respectively; The left coupling metal sheet (131) in the metal dipole unit (1) is electrically connected to the right coupling metal sheet (141) of the adjacent unit to form a coupling metal sheet; the first left semicircular support column (132) and the second left semicircular support column (133) are electrically connected to the first right semicircular support column (142) and the second right semicircular support column (143) of the adjacent unit respectively to form two circular support columns.

4. The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array according to claim 2, wherein, The feed printed board (15) comprises a square dielectric substrate (151) and a printed feed line (152); and the planar metal floor (16) is a square structure and is located below and close to the feed printed board (15); The square dielectric substrate (151) is provided with a left rectangular through slot (1511), a first right rectangular through slot (1512), a second right rectangular through slot (1513), a first left semicircular through hole (1514), a second left semicircular through hole (1515), a first right semicircular through hole (1516) and a second right semicircular through hole (1517); and the printed feed line (152) is printed on the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate (151) and is electrically connected to the lower end of the tapered feed metal sheet (114) at the end close to the center of the unit. The upper end of the left grounding metal sheet (113) is electrically connected with the left tapered metal sheet (111) and the left L-shaped metal sheet (112), and the lower end passes through the left rectangular through slot (1511) and is electrically connected with the planar metal floor (16); the upper end of the right first grounding metal sheet (123) is electrically connected with the right tapered metal sheet (121) and the right L-shaped metal sheet (122), and the lower end passes through the first right rectangular through slot (1512) and is electrically connected with the planar metal floor (16), and the left grounding metal sheet (113) and the right first grounding metal sheet (123) are in the mirror image symmetry relationship. 5.The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array of claim 3 or 4, wherein, The upper ends of the first left half-cylindrical support column (132) and the second left half-cylindrical support column (133) are electrically connected with the left coupling metal sheet (131), and the lower ends pass through the first left half-cylindrical through hole (1514) and the second left half-cylindrical through hole (1515) respectively and are electrically connected with the planar metal floor (16); The upper ends of the first right half-cylindrical support column (142) and the second right half-cylindrical support column (143) are electrically connected with the right coupling metal sheet (141), and the lower ends pass through the first right half-cylindrical through hole (1516) and the second right half-cylindrical through hole (1517) respectively and are electrically connected with the planar metal floor (16).

6. The ultra-wideband closely coupled metal dipole antenna array of claim 4, wherein, The support dielectric sheet (21) comprises a left dielectric sheet (211) and a right dielectric sheet (212), which are located above the left L-shaped metal sheet (112) and the right L-shaped metal sheet (122) respectively; and the left end and the right end of the planar dielectric substrate (22) are supported by the left dielectric sheet (211) and the right dielectric sheet (212) respectively. 7.The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array of claim 6, wherein, The planar metal floor (16) is provided with an outer feeding through hole, and the square dielectric substrate (151) is provided with an inner feeding through hole; the inner conductor of the feeding coaxial line is electrically connected with the printed feeding line (152) at one end close to the outer side of the unit through the inner feeding through hole, and the outer conductor is electrically connected with the planar metal floor (16) through the outer feeding through hole. 8.The ultra-wideband tightly coupled metal dipole antenna array of claim 6, wherein, The printed patch layer (23) comprises a bent printed patch (231), a left rectangular printed patch (232) and a right rectangular printed patch (233); The bent printed patch (231) comprises a left arm and a right arm; the left arm comprises an upper rectangular printed patch and a lower rectangular printed patch which are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the planar dielectric substrate (22) respectively; The upper rectangular printed patch and the lower rectangular printed patch are electrically connected through a metalized through hole formed on the planar dielectric substrate (22); the right arm of the bent printed patch (231) is in the mirror image symmetry relationship with the left arm, and the two are electrically connected through a patch resistor; The left rectangular printed patch (232) and the right rectangular printed patch (233) are printed on the upper surface of the planar dielectric substrate (22), and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bent printed patch (231); The angle between the long side of the bent printed patch (231), the left rectangular printed patch (232) and the right rectangular printed patch (233) and the positive direction of the unit x-axis is α, and the value of the angle α is in the range of -90° to 90°.

Images