Maize straw pressing, burying and soil covering equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses corn straw pressing and burying soil covering equipment, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and structurally comprises a crushing bin, a shoveling and guiding bin and a residue collecting bin, a shovel head and a soil preparation transverse cylinder are arranged at the front end of the shovel guide bin and the rear end of the crushing bin respectively; a transmission belt is arranged on the inner side of the shovel guide bin; the bottom of the slag collecting bin is fixedly communicated with a snakelike guide pipe, the lower end of the snakelike guide pipe extends to the deep position of the ground, a spiral conveying shaft is rotationally installed in the snakelike guide pipe, and a ground breaking plough is arranged on the front side of the bottom of the snakelike guide pipe; according to the application, corn straws and corn stubbles dispersed all around on the ground can be collected in a centralized manner, the direct contact amount of hard soil blocks and the crushing part is reduced, and the crushed corn straws and corn stubbles are fully mixed with a straw degrading bacterial agent and then are applied to the ground in a closed injection manner, so that the crushing efficiency is improved; the situation that straw chippings remain on the shallow layer of the ground and become nutrients for breeding of germs and eggs is prevented, adverse effects on the health condition of crops are avoided, and normal growth and development of the crops are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment. Background Art

[0002] Returning corn stalks to the fields can increase soil organic matter and improve fertility; organic matter can provide nutrients, improve soil structure, and promote microbial activity; however, corn stalks may carry pathogens and insect eggs, and if not handled properly, it will aggravate pests and diseases; when soil moisture is poor, returning corn stalks to the fields will slow down the decomposition rate and affect crop growth; The existing application number is CN202210026842.9, which is an all-in-one machine for stubble removal, fertilizer spreading, straw burying and returning to the field. The patent document discloses a method of using multiple sets of tool residues to dig up, crush and bury the stubble of corn stalks on the ground in sequence, so as to realize the straw return to the field. Specifically: the power is transmitted to the vertical stubble removal mechanism through the gears of the reducer A and the small gearbox, and the corn residual roots and stubble are crushed by the stubble removal mechanism; the granular fertilizer application part of the fertilizer spreading mechanism is driven by the motor, the stirring combination rotates, and the swing plate rotates to spray the granular fertilizer onto the ground, and the switch of the liquid fertilizer spraying part is turned on, and the liquid is sprayed onto the ground under the action of the booster pump. The powder fertilizer is sprayed on the ground surface, and the rotation of the motor drives the large bevel gear of the multi-directional motion device to rotate, so that the four-bar mechanism swings back and forth, and the shaking plate performs multi-directional motion. Under the dual anti-blocking effect of the shaking plate and the brush roller, the powder fertilizer is scattered on the ground surface; the reducer A transmits power to the reducer B through the transmission shaft, and the reducer B transmits power to the rotary tiller shaft through the gears. Through the rotary motion of the rotary tiller, the straw and fertilizer on the ground surface are buried in the soil, and the power is transmitted to the spring tooth shaft through the sprocket A, chain and sprocket B at both ends of the rotary tiller shaft and the spring tooth shaft. The spring teeth press the straw on the ground surface and the shallow soil area to the deeper soil area through the rotary motion; However, when using the technical solution in the above patent document, during the process of crushing the corn stubble, the cutter head will collide with the hard soil blocks attached to the stubble, causing wear on the cutter head and posing certain safety hazards; in addition, the crushed corn stubble will be irregularly distributed on the ground. Although rotary tillage can mix this part of the debris with the deep soil, it is impossible to bury all the debris. A lot of debris will still remain in the shallow layer of the surface, providing nutrients for the reproduction of pathogens and insect eggs, resulting in aggravation of diseases and pests, affecting crop health. Even if spring teeth are used to compact the soil subsequently, it is impossible to apply vertical extrusion pressure only to the straw in the soil. Therefore, the present application provides a corn straw burying and covering soil equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn straw burying and soil covering equipment, which can collect corn straw and corn stubble scattered on the ground, reduce the amount of direct contact between hard soil blocks and crushing components, and after the crushed corn straw and corn stubble are fully mixed with the straw-degrading bacterial agent, they are applied to the ground in a closed injection manner to prevent straw debris from remaining in the shallow layer of the ground and becoming nutrients for the reproduction of pathogens and insect eggs, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the health of crops and ensuring the normal growth and development of crops.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A corn stalk burying and soil covering device is provided, comprising a crushing bin, a shovel guide bin and a slag collecting bin; the crushing bin is connected to a power device through a vehicle body connecting frame, the shovel guide bin is fixedly and connectedly arranged at the front end of the crushing bin, and the slag collecting bin is connectedly arranged at the lower end of the crushing bin; a shovel head and a land leveling horizontal cylinder are respectively arranged at the front end of the shovel guide bin and the rear end of the crushing bin, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer side of the land leveling horizontal cylinder, a transmission belt and a guide platform are arranged on the inner side of the shovel guide bin; a serpentine conduit is fixedly and connectedly arranged at the bottom of the slag collecting bin, the lower end of the serpentine conduit extends deep into the ground, a spiral conveying shaft is rotatably installed in the serpentine conduit, and a soil breaking plow is arranged at the bottom front side of the serpentine conduit.

[0005] Furthermore, a plurality of guide plates are fixedly installed at the front end of the inner side of the crushing bin, an inclined screen plate and a group of two crushing cylinders rotating in opposite directions are arranged between adjacent guide plates, a plurality of cutter heads are fixedly installed on the outer side of the crushing cylinder, a slag opening is arranged at the position of the crushing bin located below the inclined screen plate, and a slag collecting bin is arranged on the inner side of the slag opening.

[0006] Furthermore, a top cover is detachably fixedly installed on the top of the crushing bin, and sockets are respectively provided between the bottom upper side of the crushing bin and the bottom lower side of the top cover, and the upper and lower ends of the crushing cylinder are respectively plugged into the sockets at corresponding positions, and a rotating driver I is installed on the top lower side of the top cover, and a flange is connected to the output shaft of the rotating driver I, and the flange is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom upper side of the crushing cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, a microbial agent storage box is installed in the crushing bin, and a material guide pipe is fixed and connected to the bottom of the microbial agent storage box, and the material guide pipe extends into the slag collecting bin.

[0008] Furthermore, a curved rolling arm is slidably installed at the rear end of the inner side of the crushing bin, and the curved rolling arm is arranged at the lower end of the lifting seat. A linear electric cylinder I for driving the lifting seat to move vertically is installed on the crushing bin. A sieve seat is connected to the upper side of the bottom of the crushing bin, and the sieve seat is located below the curved rolling arm. An anti-overflow edge is integrally formed on the top of the sieve seat, and a rolling gap is formed between the lower side of the curved rolling arm and the upper side of the anti-overflow edge, and the rolling gap is larger at the front and smaller at the back.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of circular holes I are provided on the top of the sieve seat, and a plurality of circular holes II are provided on the rear side of the bottom of the sieve seat, and the diameter of circular hole I is larger than the diameter of circular hole II; a tailstock is fixedly installed on the lower side of the rear end of the crushing bin, a sleeve is fixedly installed on the tailstock, a connecting pipe is provided on the sleeve, and the end of the connecting pipe penetrates the crushing bin and fits with the inner wall of the crushing bin, the leveling horizontal cylinder is rotatably installed in the sleeve, and a plurality of conducting grooves are provided at corresponding positions of the leveling horizontal cylinder and the inner side of the sleeve, and the leveling horizontal cylinder is connected with the circular hole II at the bottom of the sieve seat through the conducting grooves and the connecting pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of rollers are rotatably installed in the shovel guide bin, a transmission belt is sleeved on the outside of the plurality of rollers and connected to the rollers through friction transmission, and the transmission belt extends in a zigzag trajectory at the upper side of the bottom of the shovel guide bin.

[0011] Furthermore, the sieve seat is slidably installed in the crushing bin, and a T-shaped column is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sieve seat. The T-shaped column passes through the bottom of the crushing bin and is slidably connected to the crushing bin. A tension spring is sleeved on the outer side of the T-shaped column, and both ends of the tension spring are detachably fixedly connected to the lower side of the bottom of the crushing bin and the end of the T-shaped column respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of jet cylinders are provided on the shovel guide bin, and the jet cylinders are located above the rotary drilling roller. The exhaust port at the lower end of the jet cylinder extends toward the top of the guide platform. The other ends of the plurality of jet cylinders are connected to a compressed air supply device through a multi-way joint and a pipeline. The compressed air supply device uses a piston air compressor, a screw air compressor, or a centrifugal air compressor, and is placed on the upper side of the L-shaped frame structure at the front end of the shovel guide bin.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the slag opening, a slag collecting bin is slidably installed on the inner side of the sealing cylinder, and a linear electric cylinder II for driving the slag collecting bin to slide is installed on the outer side of the crushing bin.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of embedded columns parallel to each other and penetrating the transmission belt are embedded inside the transmission belt, and side sealing plates are detachably fixedly installed on both sides of the shovel guide bin, the rollers are rotatably connected to the side sealing plates, a boss is fixedly installed inside the side sealing plate, a curved groove is formed between the outer wall of the boss and the inner side surface of the shovel guide bin, and the end of the embedded column is slidably connected with the curved groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment of the example of the present invention, as the power equipment moves, uses the shovel head to shovel up the corn stalks remaining on the ground and puts them into the shovel guide bin; pushes the part of the corn stubble close to the ground surface, so that the corn stubble moves horizontally for a distance and separates from the soil layer, and periodically starts the two hydraulic cylinders on the crossbeam of the power equipment to shovel the corn stubble separated from the soil layer into the shovel guide bin; controls the continuous operation of the transmission belt to transport the corn stalks and corn stubble shoveled up by the shovel head to the rear end of the shovel guide bin, and collects them in the crushing bin to completely separate them from the ground surface, so as to avoid the corn stubble after subsequent crushing remaining in the shallow layer of the ground surface.

[0016] 2. The corn straw burying and soil covering equipment of the example of the present invention controls the rotation of the spiral conveying shaft to fully mix the crushed corn straw and corn stubble with the straw-degrading bacterial agent, and at the same time, pushes the mixture to the lower end of the serpentine guide tube; in this process, the corn straw and corn stubble debris are effectively concentrated in the slag collecting bin and the serpentine guide tube, and injected into the underground through the serpentine guide tube, preventing the straw debris from remaining in the shallow layer of the ground and becoming nutrients for the reproduction of pathogens and insect eggs, avoiding adverse effects on the health of crops, ensuring the normal growth and development process of crops, and ensuring that crops thrive in a relatively healthy environment.

[0017] 3. The corn stalk burying and covering soil equipment of the example of the present invention controls the rotation of the rotary digging roller to drive multiple rotary digging knives to rotate synchronously, flips and digs the corn stalks and corn stubbles, and throws them toward the inner rear side of the shovel guide bin, effectively improving the shovel head's scooping ability for corn stalks and corn stubbles; in addition, the front end of the shovel head does not need to be inserted into the ground to scoop up the corn stubbles, reducing the amount of hard soil blocks that are dug up and increasing the overall use effect of the equipment; there is no need to frequently adjust the vertical position between the equipment as a whole and the power equipment, and the operation is convenient.

[0018] 4. The corn stalk burying and covering soil equipment of the example of the present invention is characterized in that a curved rolling arm is slidably installed at the rear end of the inner side of the crushing bin, and a sieve seat is connected to the upper side of the bottom of the crushing bin. The curved rolling arm is controlled to move vertically periodically, and the corn stubble accumulated on the sieve seat is rolled multiple times by the curved rolling arm to separate the hard soil blocks attached thereto from the corn stubble. Under the action of the rolling gap which is larger at the front and smaller at the back, the corn stubble with the hard soil blocks removed is squeezed between multiple crushing cylinders and finally crushed under the action of the two groups of crushing cylinders. In this process, the heavier hard soil blocks are intercepted by the anti-overflow edge and remain on the top of the sieve seat. As the curved rolling arm continues to roll, the hard soil blocks are crushed into small pieces by the curved rolling arm and enter the sieve seat through the circular hole I on the top of the sieve seat for storage. The direct contact between the crushing components and the hard soil blocks is reduced to prevent the hard soil blocks from wearing the cutter head, thereby maintaining the sharpness and integrity of the cutter head and extending the service life of the equipment's crushing cylinder.

[0019] 5. In the corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment of the example of the present invention, a plurality of circular holes II are arranged on the rear side of the bottom of the sieve seat, and the land leveling horizontal cylinder is connected with the circular hole II at the bottom of the sieve seat through a conducting groove and a connecting pipe; the hard soil blocks attached to the corn stubble are crushed into small pieces by the arc-surface rolling arm, and then enter the sieve seat through the circular hole I on the top of the sieve seat for storage, and the soil blocks with smaller particle sizes enter the land leveling horizontal cylinder for storage through the circular hole II, the connecting pipe and the conducting groove. As the land leveling horizontal cylinder rotates, the soil blocks rub against each other, and the particle size becomes smaller, and are discharged to the surface through the perforations on the outside of the land leveling horizontal cylinder, thereby improving the soil texture and increasing the uniformity of the soil.

[0020] 6. The corn straw burying and covering equipment of the example of the present invention controls the vertical movement of the slag collecting bin, changes the vertical position of the serpentine guide tube, and adjusts the landfill depth of the mixture of crushed corn straw, corn stubble and straw-degrading bacteria agent. It can flexibly adapt to and meet the corresponding planting needs according to the characteristics of different soils, such as soil texture, soil fertility, and soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, for different crop varieties, such as wheat, rice, corn, cotton, rapeseed, sugarcane and other crops, the adaptability range of the soil environment, and the root growth characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 The overall structure of the corn stalk burying soil equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The overall structure of the corn stalk burying soil equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the entire corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 An exploded view of the structure of the side sealing plate and the transmission belt provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 An exploded view of the structure of the screen seat and the cambered surface rolling arm provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting seat and a curved surface rolling arm provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing bin, a top cover, an inspection cover and an end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate, the bacterial agent storage box, the inclined screen plate and the screen seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 An exploded view of the structure of the top cover, the crushing cylinder and the inclined screen plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pulverizing barrel and a cutter head provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a slag collecting bin, a serpentine conduit and a spiral conveying shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 This is a schematic structural diagram of a ground leveling horizontal cylinder and a conducting groove provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 11, crushing bin; 111, slag opening; 112, socket; 113, vehicle body connecting frame; 12, top cover; 13, inspection cover; 14, end cover; 15, crushing barrel; 151, cutter head; 16, rotating drive I; 161, flange; 17, guide plate; 18, microbial agent storage tank; 181, guide pipe; 19, inclined screen plate; 21, shovel guide bin; 211, shovel head; 212, side sealing plate; 213, boss; 214, sand discharge port; 22, rotary digging roller; 221, rotary digging knife; 23, roller; 231, rotating drive II; 24, transmission Belt; 241, embedded column; 25, guide platform; 26, anti-backflow plate; 27, jet cylinder; 31, tailstock; 32, collar; 33, ground-leveling horizontal cylinder; 34, guide groove; 35, sieve seat; 351, T-shaped column; 352, tension spring; 353, anti-overflow edge; 36, lifting seat; 37, curved rolling arm; 371, rotating shaft; 372, rotating drive III; 38, linear electric cylinder I; 41, slag bin; 411, inclined plane; 42, serpentine guide tube; 43, soil-breaking plow; 44, spiral conveyor shaft; 45, sealing cylinder; 46, linear electric cylinder II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0024] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0029] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Fig.14As shown, this embodiment provides a corn stalk burying soil covering equipment, including a crushing bin 11, a shovel guide bin 21 and a slag collecting bin 41; the crushing bin 11 is connected to the suspension adjustment seat at the front end of the power equipment through a vehicle body connecting frame 113, and the suspension adjustment seat is connected to the crossbeam of the power equipment through hydraulic cylinders on both sides to adjust the relative height of the crushing bin 11 and the power equipment. A maintenance cover 13 is detachably fixedly installed on the rear side of the crushing bin 11, the shovel guide bin 21 is fixed and connected to the front end of the crushing bin 11, and the slag collecting bin 41 is connected to the lower end of the crushing bin 11; the front end of the shovel guide bin 21 and the rear end of the crushing bin 11 are respectively provided with A shovel head 211 and a ground-leveling horizontal cylinder 33, a sand discharge port 214 is provided at the bottom of the shovel guide bin 21 near one end of the shovel head 211, a plurality of through holes are provided on the outer side of the ground-leveling horizontal cylinder 33, a transmission belt 24 and a guide platform 25 are provided on the inner side of the shovel guide bin 21, and the guide platform 25 is in contact with the lower end of the transmission belt 24; a serpentine conduit 42 is fixedly and connected to the bottom of the slag collecting bin 41, and the lower end of the serpentine conduit 42 extends deep into the ground, a spiral conveying shaft 44 is rotatably installed in the serpentine conduit 42, a reduction motor II for driving the spiral conveying shaft 44 to rotate is installed on the slag collecting bin 41, and a soil-breaking plow 43 is provided on the bottom front side of the serpentine conduit 42.

[0030] Among them, a monitoring probe is installed on the inner side of the crushing bin 11 for observing the crushing process of corn straw and corn stubble in the crushing bin 11; the inner side of the slag collecting bin 41 is provided with a slope 411 for guiding the crushed corn straw, corn stubble and straw-degrading bacterial agent mixture toward the middle side of the bottom of the slag collecting bin 41.

[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of rollers 23 are rotatably installed in the shovel guide bin 21, a transmission belt 24 is sleeved on the outer sides of the plurality of rollers 23 and connected to the rollers 23 through friction transmission, and the transmission belt 24 extends at the upper side of the bottom of the shovel guide bin 21 in a zigzag trajectory; horizontal conveying areas are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the transmission belt 24, so that corn stalks and corn stubbles can be smoothly introduced onto the transmission belt 24 and stably thrown away from the transmission belt 24.

[0032] like Figure 7As shown, the transmission belt 24 is embedded with a plurality of embedded columns 241 which are parallel to each other and pass through both ends of the transmission belt 24. Side sealing plates 212 are detachably fixedly installed on both sides of the shovel guide bin 21. The roller 23 is rotatably connected with the side sealing plate 212. A rotating driver II 231 for driving the roller 23 to rotate is installed on the side sealing plate 212. A boss 213 is provided inside the side sealing plate 212. A curved groove is formed between the outer wall of the boss 213 and the inner side surface of the shovel guide bin 21. The end of the embedded column 241 is slidably connected with the curved groove. During the operation of the transmission belt 24, the zigzag extension trajectory of the transmission belt 24 is maintained.

[0033] like Fig.11 As shown, a bacterial agent storage box 18 is installed in the crushing bin 11, and straw-degrading bacterial agents are stored in the bacterial agent storage box 18. The straw-degrading bacterial agents can use powdered bacterial agents or liquid bacterial agents, specifically including one or more of oxobacteria, cellobiose-producing Clostridium, xylan Clostridium, cereus, cold-resistant Brevibacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, gelatinous Bacillus, Rhodobacterium, johnsonii, Pseudomonas putida and Acinetobacter lübe; a guide pipe 181 is fixed and connected to the bottom of the bacterial agent storage box 18, and the guide pipe 181 extends into the slag collecting bin 41. A valve is provided on the guide pipe 181, and the valve can use a double-flange pneumatic powder butterfly valve with model D641X.

[0034] like Figure 5 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, a plurality of guide plates 17 are fixedly installed at the front end of the inner side of the crushing bin 11, an inclined screen plate 19 and a group of two crushing cylinders 15 rotating in opposite directions are arranged between adjacent guide plates 17, a plurality of cutter heads 151 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the crushing cylinder 15, a slag opening 111 is arranged at the position of the crushing bin 11 located below the inclined screen plate 19, and a slag collecting bin 41 is arranged on the inner side of the slag opening 111.

[0035] like Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, a top cover 12 is detachably fixedly installed on the top of the crushing bin 11, and plug holes 112 are respectively provided between the bottom upper side of the crushing bin 11 and the bottom lower side of the top cover 12. The upper and lower ends of the crushing barrel 15 are respectively plugged into the corresponding plug holes 112. A rotating driver Ⅰ16 is installed on the top lower side of the top cover 12, and a flange 161 is connected to the output shaft of the rotating driver Ⅰ16. The flange 161 is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom upper side of the crushing barrel 15.

[0036] The power equipment used in this application can use agricultural tractors of models such as John Deere agricultural machinery tractors, Dongfanghong tractors, Zoomlion heavy machinery tractors, wheeled tractors, crawler tractors and walk-behind tractors. The specific equipment model can be adjusted according to the size of the crushing bin 11 and the shovel guide bin 21.

[0037] The specific details of the corn stalk burying and covering equipment using this application are as follows: 1. Preparation before use; First, remove the inspection cover 13, check whether the crushing cylinder 15 in the crushing bin 11 can rotate smoothly, whether there is any foreign matter attached between the curved rolling arm 37 and the sieve seat 35, and check whether the transmission belt 24 can run smoothly through the connection between the crushing bin 11 and the shovel guide bin 21.

[0038] Afterwards, the two hydraulic cylinders on the power equipment crossbeam are started to adjust the vertical positions of the suspension adjustment seat and the vehicle body connecting frame 113 together, so that the front end of the shovel head 211 is inserted into the shallow layer of the ground, and the lower ends of the serpentine guide tube 42 and the soil-breaking plow 43 are inserted into the deep layer of the ground.

[0039] 2. Shovel up and collect corn stalks and corn stubble; First, the power equipment is started to drive the crushing bin 11 and the shovel guide bin 21 forward together, and the shovel head 211 scoops up the corn stalks remaining on the surface and puts them into the shovel guide bin 21; the part of the corn stubble close to the surface is pushed, so that the corn stubble moves horizontally for a distance and separates from the soil layer; Afterwards, the two hydraulic cylinders on the crossbeam of the power equipment are periodically started to shovel the corn stalks separated from the soil layer into the shovel guide bin 21, and the shoveled corn stalks and corn stubble are piled up in large quantities at the front end of the guide platform 25 until the corn stalks and corn stubble on the upper layer overlap with the transmission belt 24, and the corn stalks and corn stubble are transferred to the transmission belt 24; in this process, the rotation driver II 231 is started to control the rotation of the roller 23, driving the transmission belt 24 to run, and the corn stalks and corn stubble shoveled by the shovel head 211 are transported to the rear end of the shovel guide bin 21, and collected in the crushing bin 11.

[0040] 3. Crush corn stalks and corn stubble; The corn stalks and corn stubbles entering the crushing bin 11 gather toward the bottom front end of the crushing bin 11 under the action of gravity, and are concentrated toward the two groups of crushing barrels 15 under the action of multiple guide plates 17; multiple rotary drivers Ⅰ16 are started to drive the two crushing barrels 15 in the same group to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, so as to crush the corn stalks and corn stubbles. The qualified crushed residues pass through the sieve holes on the inclined screen plate 19 and enter the residue collecting bin 41, and the unqualified crushed residues slide along the slope of the inclined screen plate 19 to the two groups of crushing barrels 15 for re-crushing.

[0041] 4. Mix the straw and the straw-degrading bacterial agent and inject them into the ground for landfill and soil covering; First, the valve on the guide pipe 181 is opened; as the power equipment moves, a vibration force is applied to the microbial agent storage tank 18, and the straw-degrading microbial agent in the microbial agent storage tank 18 enters the slag collecting bin 41 through the guide pipe 181, so that the straw-degrading microbial agent contacts the crushed slag that has passed the crushing; Afterwards, start the reduction motor II to control the rotation of the spiral conveying shaft 44 to fully mix the crushed corn straw and corn stubble with the straw-degrading bacterial agent. At the same time, push the mixture to the lower end of the serpentine guide tube 42. Since the lower end of the serpentine guide tube 42 is inserted deep into the ground, it can avoid the surface and directly apply the mixture underground.

[0042] Finally, under the rolling action of the leveling horizontal cylinder 33, the rear end area of ​​the serpentine guide tube 42 is covered with soil to prevent the straw debris applied to the ground from being directly exposed to the air. Once the straw debris is directly exposed to the air, it is easy to be blown up by the wind and then fly back to the surface.

[0043] In the above step 2, a longer oblique conveying area is set in the middle part of the transmission belt 24, so that the hard soil blocks accidentally brought up by the shovel head 211 can easily slide down smoothly along the oblique conveying area and be discharged through the sand discharge port 214, thereby reducing the amount of direct contact between the hard soil blocks and the crushing parts, reducing the wear and damage to the cutter head 151, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0044] In the above step four, the soil-breaking plow 43 is located at the front side of the serpentine tube 42. As the power equipment moves forward, the soil-breaking plow 43 first plows the ground to form a groove for the serpentine tube 42 to slide, and pushes the obstacles in front of the serpentine tube 42 to the left and right sides of the serpentine tube 42 to prevent the serpentine tube 42 from being damaged by collision with foreign objects.

[0045] Using the above-mentioned scheme of the present application, during the operation of the equipment, the crushing bin 11 and the slag collecting bin 41 are connected to each other, and both are isolated from the outside of the equipment to form a closed space environment. In this state, corn straw and corn stubble debris are effectively concentrated in the slag collecting bin 41 and the serpentine duct 42, and then injected into the underground through the serpentine duct 42, preventing straw debris from remaining in the shallow layer of the ground and becoming nutrients for the reproduction of pathogens and insect eggs, avoiding adverse effects on the health of crops, ensuring the normal growth and development process of crops, and ensuring that crops thrive in a relatively healthy environment.

[0046] In order to increase the shovel head 211's ability to scoop up corn stalks and corn stubble, Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, a rotary digging roller 22 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the shovel head 211, and a plurality of rotary digging knives 221 are fixedly installed on the side of the rotary digging roller 22. The ends of the rotary digging knives 221 penetrate the sand discharge port 214 at the bottom of the front end of the shovel guide bin 21 and extend toward the bottom lower side of the shovel guide bin 21. A reduction motor I for driving the rotary digging roller 22 to rotate is installed on the shovel guide bin 21; the reduction motor I is started to control the rotation of the rotary digging roller 22, and the plurality of rotary digging knives 221 are driven to rotate synchronously, so as to turn over and dig the corn stalks and corn stubbles, and throw them toward the inner rear side of the shovel guide bin 21, thereby effectively improving the shoveling ability of the shovel head 211 for the corn stalks and corn stubbles; in addition, the front end of the shovel head 211 does not need to be inserted into the ground to shovel the corn stubbles, thereby reducing the amount of hard soil blocks that are dug up and increasing the overall use effect of the equipment; there is no need to frequently adjust the vertical position between the equipment as a whole and the power equipment, and the operation is convenient.

[0047] In order to increase the stability of corn stalks and corn stubble transportation, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of anti-skid grooves are arranged on the outer side surface of the transmission belt 24, and the extension direction of the anti-skid grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the roller 23. A plurality of anti-backflow plates 26 are rotatably installed on the top lower side of the shovel guide bin 21. The width of a single anti-backflow plate 26 corresponds to the size of the corn stubble. The plurality of anti-backflow plates 26 at the same horizontal height rotate independently of each other, and the lower end of the anti-backflow plate 26 overlaps with the upper surface of the transmission belt 24. In the overlapping state, the anti-backflow plate 26 is inclined with the horizontal plane, so that the anti-backflow plate 26 can only be rotated and flipped upward, thereby realizing the unidirectional rotation of the anti-backflow plate 26 and increasing the transfer stability of the corn stalks and corn stubble.

[0048] Embodiment 2: The features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a curved rolling arm 37 is slidably installed at the rear end of the inner side of the crushing bin 11, and the curved rolling arm 37 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting seat 36. A linear electric cylinder Ⅰ38 for driving the lifting seat 36 to move vertically is installed on the crushing bin 11. A sieve seat 35 is connected to the upper side of the bottom of the crushing bin 11, and a plurality of circular holes Ⅰ are arranged on the top of the sieve seat 35. The sieve seat 35 is located below the curved rolling arm 37, and the two ends of the sieve seat 35 are respectively abutted against the inner side wall of the crushing bin 11. An anti-overflow edge 353 is integrally formed on the top of the sieve seat 35, and a rolling gap is formed between the lower side of the curved rolling arm 37 and the upper side of the anti-overflow edge 353, and the rolling gap is larger at the front and smaller at the back.

[0049] As the zigzag transmission belt 24 runs periodically, the corn stalks and corn stubble are transferred between the sieve seat 35 and the cambered rolling arm 37. Figure 5As shown, under the action of inertia, the heavier corn stubble is thrown and accumulated on the upper side of the sieve seat 35, and is intercepted by the anti-overflow edge 353 to prevent it from entering the front end of the crushing bin 11 too early; at this time, the cambered rolling arm 37 is in an upwardly retracted state; Subsequently, the linear electric cylinder Ⅰ38 is started to control the cambered rolling arm 37 to move vertically periodically, and the cambered rolling arm 37 is used to roll the corn stubble accumulated on the sieve seat 35 for multiple times, so that the hard soil blocks attached to the corn stubble are separated from the corn stubble. Under the action of the rolling gap which is larger at the front and smaller at the back, the corn stubble with the hard soil blocks removed is squeezed between the multiple crushing cylinders 15, and finally crushed under the action of the two groups of crushing cylinders 15; in this process, the heavier hard soil blocks are intercepted by the anti-overflow edge 353 and remain on the top of the sieve seat 35. As the cambered rolling arm 37 continues to roll, the hard soil blocks are crushed into small pieces by the cambered rolling arm 37, and enter the sieve seat 35 through the circular hole Ⅰ at the top of the sieve seat 35 for storage.

[0050] By using the above-mentioned scheme of this embodiment, the hard soil blocks attached to the corn stubble are removed and stored in the sieve seat 35, thereby reducing the direct contact between the crushing components and the hard soil blocks, preventing the hard soil blocks from causing wear to the cutter head 151, maintaining the sharpness and integrity of the cutter head 151, and extending the service life of the equipment crushing barrel 15.

[0051] In order to increase the limiting effect of corn stubble on the upper side of the sieve seat 35, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a rotating shaft 371 is fixedly installed on the upper middle side of the arc surface rolling arm 37, so that the arc surface rolling arm 37 is rotatably connected to the lifting seat 36 through the rotating shaft 371, and a rotating driver III 372 for driving the rotating shaft 371 to rotate is installed on the outer side of the end of the lifting seat 36; the rotating driver III 372 is started to control the rotation of the rotating shaft 371, thereby driving the arc surface rolling arm 37 to rotate synchronously, changing the contact position between the lower side of the arc surface rolling arm 37 and the upper side of the sieve seat 35, avoiding the corn stubble from being separated from the upper side of the sieve seat 35 too early, and ensuring the efficient removal of hard soil blocks attached to the corn stubble.

[0052] Embodiment three: The features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of circular holes II are provided on the rear side of the bottom of the sieve seat 35, and the diameter of the circular hole I is larger than the diameter of the circular hole II. A tailstock 31 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the rear end of the crushing bin 11, and a collar 32 is fixedly installed on the tailstock 31. A connecting pipe is provided on the collar 32, and the end of the connecting pipe penetrates the crushing bin 11 and fits with the inner wall of the crushing bin 11. The leveling horizontal cylinder 33 is rotatably installed in the collar 32, and a plurality of conducting grooves 34 are provided at corresponding positions on the inner side of the leveling horizontal cylinder 33 and the collar 32. The leveling horizontal cylinder 33 is connected with the circular hole II at the bottom of the sieve seat 35 through the conducting grooves 34 and the connecting pipe.

[0053] The hard soil blocks attached to the corn stubble are crushed into small pieces by the arc-surface crushing arm 37, and then enter the sieve seat 35 through the circular hole I on the top of the sieve seat 35 for storage. The soil blocks with smaller particle sizes enter the land leveling horizontal cylinder 33 for storage through the circular hole II, the connecting pipe and the conducting groove 34. As the land leveling horizontal cylinder 33 rotates, the soil blocks rub against each other, and the particle size becomes smaller. They are discharged to the surface through the perforations on the outside of the land leveling horizontal cylinder 33, thereby improving the soil texture and increasing the uniformity of the soil. Among them, since the arc-surface crushing arm 37 only applies crushing force to the corn stalks and corn stubble, it will not damage the main structure of the corn stalks and corn stubble, effectively preventing the straw debris from remaining on the surface after passing through the sieve seat 35 and the crushing cylinder 15.

[0054] In order to make the soil blocks in the sieve seat 35 smoothly enter the land preparation horizontal cylinder 33, Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the sieve seat 35 is slidably installed in the crushing bin 11, and a T-shaped column 351 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sieve seat 35. The T-shaped column 351 passes through the bottom of the crushing bin 11 and is slidably connected to the crushing bin 11. The extension direction of the T-shaped column 351 extends obliquely along the front lower part of the crushing bin 11, so that during the sliding process of the sieve seat 35, the bottom rear side of the sieve seat 35 is always in contact with the inner side wall of the crushing bin 11, and a tension spring 352 is sleeved on the outer side of the T-shaped column 351, and the two ends of the tension spring 352 are detachably fixedly connected to the bottom lower side of the crushing bin 11 and the end of the T-shaped column 351 respectively; Under the action of the tension spring 352, the T-shaped column 351 always has a tendency to slide upward, driving the sieve seat 35 to rise obliquely upward, and then move downward again under the rolling action of the arc rolling arm 37. The reciprocating lifting and lowering of the sieve seat 35 allows the soil blocks in the sieve seat 35 to smoothly pass through the circular hole II, the connecting pipe and the conducting groove 34 into the leveling horizontal cylinder 33, avoiding excessive soil blocks in the sieve seat 35 and affecting the continuous operation of the equipment.

[0055] Embodiment 4: The features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.14 As shown, in this embodiment, a sealing cylinder 45 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the slag opening 111, the slag collecting bin 41 is slidably installed on the inner side of the sealing cylinder 45, and a linear electric cylinder II 46 for driving the slag collecting bin 41 to slide is installed on the outer side of the crushing bin 11.

[0056] The linear electric cylinder II 46 is started to control the vertical movement of the slag collecting bin 41, change the vertical position of the serpentine guide tube 42, and adjust the landfill depth of the mixture of the crushed corn stalks, corn stubbles and the stalk-degrading bacterial agent, so as to flexibly adapt to and meet the corresponding planting needs according to the characteristics of different soils, such as soil texture, soil fertility, and soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and for different crop varieties, such as wheat, rice, corn, cotton, rapeseed and sugarcane, and the adaptability range of the soil environment and the root growth characteristics; During this process, the outer side surface of the slag collecting bin 41 and the inner side surface of the sealing tube 45 remain in contact with each other, maintaining the sealing between the crushing bin 11 and the slag collecting bin 41, and preventing a large amount of debris from the crushed corn stalks and corn stubble from remaining in the shallow layer of the ground, providing nutrients for the reproduction of pathogens and insect eggs, leading to the aggravation of pests and diseases and affecting the health of crops.

[0057] Embodiment five: The features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of jet cylinders 27 are provided on the shovel guide bin 21, and the jet cylinders 27 are located above the rotary drilling roller 22. The exhaust port at the lower end of the jet cylinder 27 extends toward the top of the guide platform 25. The other ends of the plurality of jet cylinders 27 are connected to the compressed air supply device through a multi-way joint and a pipeline. The compressed air supply device is placed on the upper side of the L-shaped frame structure at the front end of the shovel guide bin 21.

[0058] Among them, the compressed air supply equipment uses a piston air compressor, a screw air compressor or a centrifugal air compressor. The compressed air supply equipment is started so that multiple jet cylinders 27 spray high-speed airflow to drive the corn stalks at the shovel head 211 to be blown to the upper side of the guide platform 25, so that it can move smoothly to the transmission belt 24.

[0059] Compared with the first embodiment, the corn stalks are piled up in large quantities on the guide platform 25 to complete the operation of moving the corn stalks to the upper side of the transmission belt 24. The above-mentioned scheme of this embodiment can be used to process the relatively sparse stalks and stubble remaining on the surface, and the demand for the moving speed of the shovel guide bin 21 is reduced. The power equipment can travel in a slow state, reducing the operating pressure of the rear-end crushing components, optimizing the entire agricultural machinery operation process, and ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0060] Embodiment six: The features of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the bacterial agent storage box 18 is installed in a closed area enclosed between the guide plate 17 located at the edge and the inner side of the crushing bin 11; the guide pipe 181 penetrates the guide plate 17 and extends toward the lower side of the slag opening 111, and the end covers 14 are detachably fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the crushing bin 11.

[0061] By using the above-mentioned scheme of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent straw debris from adhering to the outside of the microbial agent storage box 18 and affecting the cleanliness of the microbial agent storage box 18. Keeping it clean is helpful for subsequent effective maintenance operations on the microbial agent storage box 18, such as regular inspection, cleaning, and microbial agent replenishment. The end cover 14 is manually removed, and straw-degrading microbial agent is added into the microbial agent storage box 18, or the microbial agent storage box 18 is disassembled and cleaned, so as to ensure stable operation of the equipment during long-term and high-intensity operations.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

[0063] Except for the technical features described in the specification, the remaining technical features are known technologies to those skilled in the art. In order to highlight the innovative features of the present invention, the remaining technical features will not be described here in detail.

Claims

1. A corn stalk burying soil equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crushing bin (11) and a shovel guide bin (21), wherein the crushing bin (11) is connected to the power equipment via a vehicle body connecting frame (113), and the moving direction of the power equipment is defined as forward; the shovel guide bin (21) is fixed and connected to the front end of the crushing bin (11); the front end of the shovel guide bin (21) and the rear end of the crushing bin (11) are respectively provided with a shovel head (211) and a ground leveling horizontal cylinder (33); and the inner side of the shovel guide bin (21) is provided with a transmission belt (24) and a guide platform (25); A plurality of guide plates (17) are fixedly mounted on the front end of the inner side of the crushing bin (11); an inclined screen plate (19) and a group of two crushing barrels (15) rotating in opposite directions are arranged between adjacent guide plates (17); a plurality of cutter heads (151) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the crushing barrel (15); a slag opening (111) is arranged on the lower side of the inclined screen plate (19) of the crushing bin (111); and a slag collecting bin (41) is installed at the slag opening (111); A microbial agent storage box (18) is installed in the crushing bin (11), a guide pipe (181) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the microbial agent storage box (18) and is connected thereto, the guide pipe (181) extends into the slag collecting bin (41), a serpentine conduit (42) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slag collecting bin (41) and is connected thereto, the lower end of the serpentine conduit (42) extends deep into the ground, a spiral conveying shaft (44) is rotatably installed in the serpentine conduit (42), and a soil breaking plow (43) is provided at the front side of the bottom of the serpentine conduit (42).

2. The corn stalk burying soil equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A curved rolling arm (37) is slidably mounted at the rear end of the inner side of the crushing bin (11); a sieve seat (35) is connected to the upper side of the bottom of the crushing bin (11); a plurality of circular holes I are arranged on the top of the sieve seat (35); the sieve seat (35) is located below the curved rolling arm (37); an anti-overflow edge (353) is integrally formed on the top of the sieve seat (35); a rolling gap is formed between the lower side of the curved rolling arm (37) and the upper side of the anti-overflow edge (353); the rolling gap is larger at the front and smaller at the rear.

3. The corn stalk burying soil equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of circular holes II are provided on the rear side of the bottom of the sieve seat (35), and the diameter of the circular hole I is larger than the diameter of the circular hole II; A tailstock (31) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rear end of the crushing bin (11), a collar (32) is fixedly mounted on the tailstock (31), a connecting pipe is arranged on the collar (32), an end of the connecting pipe penetrates the crushing bin (11) and fits against the inner wall of the crushing bin (11), a land leveling horizontal cylinder (33) is rotatably mounted in the collar (32), a plurality of conducting grooves (34) are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner sides of the land leveling horizontal cylinder (33) and the collar (32), and the land leveling horizontal cylinder (33) is connected to the circular hole II at the bottom of the sieve seat (35) via the conducting grooves (34) and the connecting pipe.

4. The corn stalk burying soil covering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rollers (23) are rotatably mounted in the shovel guide bin (21), a transmission belt (24) is sleeved on the outside of the plurality of rollers (23) and connected to the rollers (23) through friction transmission, and the transmission belt (24) extends in a zigzag trajectory at the upper side of the bottom of the shovel guide bin (21).

5. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer side surface of the transmission belt (24) is provided with a plurality of anti-skid grooves, and the extension direction of the anti-skid grooves is parallel to the rotation axis of the roller (23).

6. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of backflow prevention plates (26) are rotatably mounted on the lower side of the top of the shovel guide bin (21), and the lower ends of the backflow prevention plates (26) overlap the upper surface of the transmission belt (24).

7. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sieve seat (35) is slidably mounted in the crushing bin (11); a T-shaped column (351) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sieve seat (35); the T-shaped column (351) passes through the bottom of the crushing bin (11) and is slidably connected to the crushing bin (11); a tension spring (352) is sleeved on the outer side of the T-shaped column (351); two ends of the tension spring (352) are detachably fixedly connected to the lower side of the bottom of the crushing bin (11) and the end of the T-shaped column (351), respectively.

8. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shovel guide bin (21) is provided with a plurality of air jet cylinders (27), the air jet cylinders (27) being located above the rotary digging roller (22), and the exhaust ports at the lower ends of the air jet cylinders (27) extending toward the top of the guide platform (25).

9. The corn stalk burying soil equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing cylinder (45) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the bottom of the slag opening (111), a slag collecting bin (41) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the sealing cylinder (45), and a linear electric cylinder II (46) for driving the slag collecting bin (41) to slide is mounted on the outer side of the crushing bin (11).

10. The corn stalk burying and soil covering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of embedded columns (241) are embedded and installed inside the transmission belt (24) and are parallel to each other and penetrate the transmission belt (24). Side sealing plates (212) are detachably fixedly installed on both sides of the shovel guide bin (21). The roller (23) is rotatably connected to the side sealing plates (212). A boss (213) is fixedly installed inside the side sealing plate (212). A curved groove is formed between the outer wall of the boss (213) and the inner side surface of the shovel guide bin (21). The end of the embedded column (241) is slidably connected to the curved groove.

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