A raw material for Poria cocos cultivation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fungus planting, and in particular to a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: treating Masson pine diseased wood; preparing biological extract; and preparing raw material for Poria cocos cultivation. The present invention uses Masson pine diseased wood as initial material to prepare raw material for Poria cocos cultivation. Diseased wood usually needs to be destroyed, and can be used as Poria cocos culture matrix to convert it into economic value, reducing resource waste. Moreover, this method helps to reduce the demand for healthy wood, protect forest resources, and treat diseased wood at the same time, control the spread of diseases, and maintain ecological balance. At the same time, Masson pine wood contains certain resins and other components, which can affect the growth of Poria cocos, so that the cultured Poria cocos has a better survival rate and yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, and in particular to a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Poria cocos is a precious medicinal fungus. Its main active ingredients are Poria polysaccharides, triterpenoids, Pachymic acid and other trace components. It has multiple pharmacological effects such as diuresis and liver protection, immune regulation, anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic.

[0003] Artificial cultivation of Poria cocos has a long history, but its research is not comprehensive and in-depth. Traditional cultivation methods have led to serious loss of pine forest resources. In the past, it was encouraged to explore the use of diseased lindens to cultivate Poria cocos, which could easily cause the spread of the disease and threaten the ecological safety of Masson pine forests. At present, various places adopt a simple on-site burning of diseased trees, but burning a large number of diseased trees can easily cause serious impacts on the environment and may also cause forest fires.

[0004] At present, there are some studies on the cultivation of Poria cocos in bags using crushed wood infected with pine nematode as raw materials, but the yield of a single bag is small and unstable, and it cannot be promoted and applied on a large scale. There is no research on the cultivation of Poria cocos in China that uses biomass normal temperature and high pressure compaction technology to compact and compact the crushed wood at room temperature. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] A method for preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Treatment of blighted Masson pine trees

[0008] The stems and leaves of the infected pine wood are removed, the branches are peeled and then mechanically crushed to obtain the infected pine crushed material, the infected pine crushed material is naturally air-dried, and sterilized at high temperature and high pressure to obtain an air-dried raw material, and the air-dried raw material is subjected to room temperature compaction and high pressure molding to obtain the infected wood crushed material briquette;

[0009] S2: Preparation of biological immersion solution

[0010] The stems, leaves and barks of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1 are collected and mechanically crushed to obtain infected wood residues, the infected wood residues are added to pure water for boiling to obtain infected wood extract, the Masson pine planting soil, potato peels and pure water are mixed and boiled to obtain soil extract, Bacillus pumilus is inoculated into NA liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution, Bacillus cereus is inoculated into NA liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain Bacillus cereus bacterial solution, the Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution is mixed with the Bacillus cereus bacterial solution to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, the infected wood extract, the soil extract and the mixed bacterial solution are mixed, and then distilled water is added for dilution to obtain a biological extract;

[0011] S3: Preparation of raw materials for Poria cultivation

[0012] Corn flour, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean flour, gypsum powder, brown sugar, Masson pine diseased wood sawdust, and Masson pine diseased wood powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, biological infusion is added to the mixture to obtain a wet material, the diseased wood crushed material blocks are loaded into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then the wet material is evenly spread on the diseased wood crushed material blocks until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and the spawn bag is wrapped and sealed with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0013] Further, step S1 of treating the diseased wood of Masson pine comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1.1: Remove the stems and leaves of the infected Masson pine wood, peel the branches and trunks, and then mechanically crush them to obtain Masson pine crushed material, place the Masson pine crushed material in a natural air-drying state at room temperature for 12-20 hours, place it in a high pressure sterilizer, and sterilize it at 125-130°C for 1.5-2 hours to obtain an air-dried raw material;

[0015] S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to room temperature compaction and high pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is 10-60MPa, and it is pressed into a 40*20*20 block to obtain the diseased wood crushed material briquette.

[0016] Furthermore, the infected Masson pine wood is a Masson pine tree infected with pine wood nematode disease.

[0017] Furthermore, step S2 of preparing the biological immersion liquid comprises the following steps:

[0018] S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues into pure water, boiling them at 90-100° C. for 30-40 minutes, and then heating them to 100-110° C. to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract;

[0019] S2.2: Mix the soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 90-100°C for 25-30 minutes, and then heat to 100-110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil leachate;

[0020] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26-28° C. and a rotation speed of 140-160 r / min for 72 hours to obtain a Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution, then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26-28° C. and a rotation speed of 140-160 r / min for 72 hours to obtain a Bacillus cereus bacterial solution, and mix the Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution and the Bacillus cereus bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;

[0021] S2.4: Mix the diseased wood extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution in a ratio of 1:1:8, then add distilled water to dilute it to 10 times the original volume to obtain the biological extract.

[0022] Furthermore, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the diseased wood residue and the purified water in step S2.1 is 1:20.

[0023] Furthermore, the NA liquid culture medium in step S2.3 is: 3 parts by mass of beef extract, 10 parts by mass of protein, 5 parts by mass of NaCl, 20 parts by mass of agar, and a pH value of 7.2-7.4.

[0024] Furthermore, step S3 of preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0025] S3.1: Mix 2-3 parts by mass of corn flour, 10-15 parts by mass of rice bran, 10-15 parts by mass of wheat bran, 2-3 parts by mass of soybean flour, 2-3 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 7.5-9 parts by mass of brown sugar, 10-15 parts by mass of Masson pine wood chips, and 40-45 parts by mass of Masson pine wood powder to obtain a mixture;

[0026] S3.2: Add biological leaching liquid to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 45-70%, and adjust the pH of the system to 5-6, and place it for 30-50 minutes to obtain wet material;

[0027] S3.3: Put the crushed diseased wood into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position of the crushed diseased wood to place the crushed diseased wood at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the crushed diseased wood, alternately laying a layer of crushed diseased wood and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the mouth of the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0028] Furthermore, the Masson pine diseased wood chips are prepared by mechanically crushing the bark of Masson pine trees infected with pine wood nematode disease and passing it through a 200-mesh sieve.

[0029] Furthermore, the Masson pine diseased wood powder is prepared by mechanically crushing branches and leaves of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0030] A raw material for Poria cocos cultivation is prepared by the method for preparing the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention uses diseased wood of Masson pine as initial material to prepare raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation. Diseased wood usually needs to be destroyed, and it can be converted into economic value by using it as a Poria cocos culture matrix, reducing resource waste. In addition, this method helps to reduce the demand for healthy wood and protect forest resources. At the same time, it can process diseased wood, control the spread of diseases, and maintain ecological balance. At the same time, Masson pine wood contains certain resins and other components, which can affect the growth of Poria cocos, so that the cultured Poria cocos has a better survival rate and yield.

[0033] 2. The present invention utilizes Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus to prepare bacterial liquid, and uses soil and Masson pine diseased wood to prepare diseased wood extract, thereby obtaining a biological extract. Bacillus pumilus can produce growth promoting factors, and these substances can stimulate the growth of Poria mycelium and increase its spreading speed and density in the culture matrix. Bacillus cereus can help improve the microecological balance of soil or culture matrix, and form a symbiotic relationship with Poria cocos, which may be beneficial to the initial colonization and growth of Poria cocos mycelium. Poria cocos often grows in rotten wood in nature. Using diseased wood extract is closer to its natural growth conditions, which is beneficial to the natural development of mycelium and the formation of secondary metabolites, thereby improving the survival rate and yield of Poria cocos. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation adopted in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a detailed description of a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for a more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] A method for preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation, Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0039] S1: Treatment of blighted Masson pine trees

[0040] S1.1: The infected Masson pine wood is a Masson pine tree infected with pine wilt disease. The stems and leaves of the infected Masson pine wood are removed, and the branches and trunks are peeled and mechanically crushed to obtain a Masson pine crushed material. The Masson pine crushed material is placed in a room temperature and naturally air-dried for 20 hours, placed in a high-pressure sterilizer, and sterilized at 125°C for 1.5 hours to obtain an air-dried raw material;

[0041] S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to high-temperature, dense and high-pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is 10MPa, and it is pressed into a block of 40*20*20mm to obtain the diseased wood crushed material briquette.

[0042] S2: Preparation of biological immersion solution

[0043] S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues to pure water, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, boiling at 100°C for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract;

[0044] S2.2: Mix soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 100°C for 30 min, then heat to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0045] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus culture solution. Then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus culture solution. Mix the Bacillus pumilus culture solution and the Bacillus cereus culture solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed culture solution.

[0046] S2.4: Mix the diseased wood extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution in a ratio of 1:1:8, then add distilled water to dilute it to 10 times the original volume to obtain the biological extract.

[0047] NA liquid culture medium is composed of 3 parts by mass of beef extract, 10 parts by mass of protein, 5 parts by mass of NaCl, 20 parts by mass of agar, and a pH value of 7.2.

[0048] S3: Preparation of raw materials for Poria cultivation

[0049] S3.1: 2 parts by mass of corn flour, 10 parts by mass of rice bran, 10 parts by mass of wheat bran, 2 parts by mass of soybean flour, 2 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 7.5 parts by mass of brown sugar, 10 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood sawdust, and 40 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, wherein the Masson pine diseased wood sawdust is prepared by mechanically crushing the bark of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through a 200-mesh sieve, and the Masson pine diseased wood powder is prepared by mechanically crushing the branches and leaves of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0050] S3.2: Add biological extract to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 45%, and adjust the pH of the system to 5, and leave it for 30 minutes to obtain wet material;

[0051] S3.3: Put the crushed diseased wood into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position of the crushed diseased wood to place the crushed diseased wood at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the crushed diseased wood, alternately laying a layer of crushed diseased wood and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the mouth of the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] A method for preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation, Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0054] S1: Treatment of blighted Masson pine trees

[0055] S1.1: The infected Masson pine wood is a Masson pine tree infected with pine wilt disease. The stems and leaves of the infected Masson pine wood are removed, and the branches and trunks are peeled and mechanically crushed to obtain a Masson pine crushed material. The Masson pine crushed material is placed in a room temperature and naturally air-dried for 20 hours, placed in a high-pressure sterilizer, and sterilized at 125°C for 1.5 hours to obtain an air-dried raw material;

[0056] S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to room temperature compaction and high pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is set to 10MPa, and it is pressed into a block of 40*20*20mm to obtain the diseased wood crushed material briquette.

[0057] S2: Preparation of biological immersion solution

[0058] S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues to pure water, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, boiling at 100°C for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract;

[0059] S2.2: Mix soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 100°C for 30 min, then heat to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0060] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus culture solution. Then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus culture solution. Mix the Bacillus pumilus culture solution and the Bacillus cereus culture solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed culture solution.

[0061] S2.4: Mix the diseased wood extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution in a ratio of 1:1:8, then add distilled water to dilute it to 10 times the original volume to obtain the biological extract.

[0062] NA liquid culture medium is composed of 3 parts by mass of beef extract, 10 parts by mass of protein, 5 parts by mass of NaCl, 20 parts by mass of agar, and a pH value of 7.2.

[0063] S3: Preparation of raw materials for Poria cultivation

[0064] S3.1: 3 parts by mass of corn flour, 15 parts by mass of rice bran, 15 parts by mass of wheat bran, 3 parts by mass of soybean flour, 3 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 9 parts by mass of brown sugar, 15 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood sawdust, and 45 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, wherein the Masson pine diseased wood sawdust is prepared by mechanically crushing the bark of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through a 200-mesh sieve, and the Masson pine diseased wood powder is prepared by mechanically crushing the branches and leaves of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0065] S3.2: Add biological extract to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 70%, and adjust the pH of the system to 5, and leave it for 30 minutes to obtain wet material;

[0066] S3.3: Put the crushed diseased wood into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position of the crushed diseased wood to place the crushed diseased wood at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the crushed diseased wood, alternately laying a layer of crushed diseased wood and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the mouth of the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] A method for preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation, Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0069] S1: Treatment of blighted Masson pine trees

[0070] S1.1: The infected Masson pine wood is a Masson pine tree infected with pine wilt disease. The stems and leaves of the infected Masson pine wood are removed, and the branches and trunks are peeled and mechanically crushed to obtain a Masson pine crushed material. The Masson pine crushed material is placed in a room temperature and naturally air-dried for 12 hours, placed in a high-pressure sterilizer, and sterilized at 130°C for 2 hours to obtain an air-dried raw material;

[0071] S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to room temperature compaction and high pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is set to 60MPa, and it is pressed into a block of 40*20*20mm to obtain the diseased wood crushed material briquette.

[0072] S2: Preparation of biological immersion solution

[0073] S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues to pure water, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, boiling at 90°C for 40 minutes, and then heating to 100°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract;

[0074] S2.2: Mix Masson pine planting soil, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 90°C for 25 min, then heat to 100°C to distill the water to one-fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0075] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 28°C and a rotation speed of 160 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus culture solution. Then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 28°C and a rotation speed of 160 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus culture solution. Mix the Bacillus pumilus culture solution and the Bacillus cereus culture solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed culture solution.

[0076] S2.4: Mix the diseased wood extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution in a ratio of 1:1:8, then add distilled water to dilute it to 10 times the original volume to obtain the biological extract.

[0077] NA liquid culture medium is composed of 3 parts by mass of beef extract, 10 parts by mass of protein, 5 parts by mass of NaCl, 20 parts by mass of agar, and a pH value of 7.4.

[0078] S3: Preparation of raw materials for Poria cultivation

[0079] S3.1: 2 parts by mass of corn flour, 10 parts by mass of rice bran, 10 parts by mass of wheat bran, 2 parts by mass of soybean flour, 2 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 7.5 parts by mass of brown sugar, 10 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood sawdust, and 40 parts by mass of Masson pine diseased wood powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, wherein the Masson pine diseased wood sawdust is prepared by mechanically crushing the bark of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through a 200-mesh sieve, and the Masson pine diseased wood powder is prepared by mechanically crushing the branches and leaves of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0080] S3.2: Add biological extract to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 45%, and adjust the pH of the system to 6, and leave it for 50 minutes to obtain wet material;

[0081] S3.3: Put the crushed diseased wood into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position of the crushed diseased wood to place the crushed diseased wood at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the crushed diseased wood, alternately laying a layer of crushed diseased wood and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the mouth of the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0082] Comparative Example 1:

[0083] S1.1: Remove the stems and leaves of the Masson pine tree, peel the branches and trunks, and then mechanically crush them to obtain a Masson pine crushed material. The Masson pine crushed material is naturally air-dried at room temperature for 20 hours, placed in a high pressure sterilizer, and sterilized at 125°C for 1.5 hours to obtain an air-dried raw material;

[0084] S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to room temperature compaction and high pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is set to 10MPa, and the raw material is pressed into a 40*20*20mm block to obtain a Masson pine crushed material briquette;

[0085] S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the Masson pine tree in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain Masson pine residue, adding the Masson pine residue to pure water, the solid-liquid ratio of the Masson pine residue to the pure water being 1:20, boiling at 100° C. for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110° C. to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain a Masson pine extract;

[0086] S2.2: Mix soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 100°C for 30 min, then heat to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0087] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus culture solution. Then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture it in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus culture solution. Mix the Bacillus pumilus culture solution and the Bacillus cereus culture solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed culture solution.

[0088] S2.4: The Masson pine extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:8, and then distilled water was added to dilute the mixture to 10 times of the original volume to obtain a biological extract;

[0089] S3.1: 2 parts by mass of corn flour, 10 parts by mass of rice bran, 10 parts by mass of wheat bran, 2 parts by mass of soybean flour, 2 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 7.5 parts by mass of brown sugar, 10 parts by mass of Masson pine wood chips, and 40 parts by mass of Masson pine powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, wherein the Masson pine wood chips are prepared by mechanically crushing healthy bark of Masson pine trees through a 200-mesh sieve, and the Masson pine powder is prepared by mechanically crushing healthy branches and leaves of Masson pine trees through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0090] S3.2: Add biological extract to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 45%, and adjust the pH of the system to 5, and leave it for 30 minutes to obtain wet material;

[0091] S3.3: Put the Masson pine crushed material briquettes into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position to place the diseased wood crushed material briquettes at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the Masson pine crushed material briquettes, and alternately lay a layer of Masson pine crushed material briquettes and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

[0092] The prepared raw material for Poria cocos cultivation is recorded as Comparative Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 2:

[0094] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that no Bacillus pumilus liquid is added in step S2, specifically: "S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues to pure water, the solid-liquid ratio of the infected wood residues to the pure water is 1:20, boiling at 100° C. for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110° C. to distill water to one-fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract;

[0095] S2.2: Mix soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 100°C for 30 min, then heat to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0096] S2.3: inoculating Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culturing in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26° C. and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus bacterial solution;

[0097] S2.4: The blighted wood extract, soil extract and Bacillus cereus solution were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:8, and then distilled water was added to dilute the mixture to 10 times of the original volume to obtain a biological extract. The prepared raw material for Poria cultivation was recorded as Comparative Example 2.

[0098] Comparative Example 3:

[0099] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 3 is that no Bacillus cereus bacterial solution is added in step S2, specifically: "S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the Masson pine diseased wood in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain diseased wood residues, adding the diseased wood residues to pure water, the solid-liquid ratio of the diseased wood residues to the pure water is 1:20, boiling at 100° C. for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110° C. to distill water to one-fifth of the original volume, to obtain diseased wood extract;

[0100] S2.2: Mix soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 100°C for 30 min, then heat to 110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0101] S2.3: inoculating Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culturing in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26°C and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus bacterial liquid;

[0102] S2.4: The pest wood extract, soil extract and Bacillus pumilus solution were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:8, and then distilled water was added to dilute the mixture to 10 times of the original volume to obtain a biological extract. The prepared raw material for Poria cultivation was recorded as Comparative Example 3.

[0103] Comparative Example 4:

[0104] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 4 is that no pest wood extract is added in step S2, specifically: "S2.2: Mixing Masson pine planting soil, potato peels and pure water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boiling at 100°C for 30 minutes, and then heating to 110°C to distill water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil extract.

[0105] S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26° C. and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution, then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26° C. and a rotation speed of 140 r / min for 72 h to obtain a Bacillus cereus bacterial solution, and mix the Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution and the Bacillus cereus bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution;

[0106] S2.4: The soil extract and the mixed bacterial solution were mixed in a ratio of 2:8, and then distilled water was added to dilute the mixture to 10 times of the original volume to obtain a biological extract. The prepared raw material for Poria cultivation was recorded as Comparative Example 4.

[0107] Statistics on the survival rate of Poria cocos planting

[0108] The Poria cocos strains were inoculated in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, with 10 samples in each group. The culture conditions were: cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 26°C for 8 days, and then moved to a room temperature chamber for 25 days. The Poria cocos hyphae were observed, and the ones with root-like mycelia and milky white dew drop-like secretions at the tips of the mycelia were successfully cultured. The survival rate of each group was calculated, as shown in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1

[0110] Survival rate (%) Example 1 80 Example 2 80 Example 3 70 Comparative Example 1 70 Comparative Example 2 20 Comparative Example 3 20 Comparative Example 4 50

[0111] It can be seen that Comparative Example 1 uses healthy Masson pine to prepare the raw material for cultivating Poria cocos, and its survival rate is 70%. The survival rates of Examples 1-3 are 80%, 80% and 70%, respectively, which is worse than the survival rate of the raw material prepared without using Masson pine diseased wood in Comparative Example 1, indicating that it is feasible to prepare raw materials with Masson pine diseased wood.

[0112] The survival rates of Comparative Examples 2, 3 and 4 were 20%, 20% and 50%, respectively, indicating that Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus play an important role in the cultivation process, and the extract of the diseased wood also has a certain effect of assisting the growth of Poria cocos.

[0113] Statistics of Poria cocos production

[0114] The well-cultured Poria cocos strains were cultured for one growth cycle with those in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, and three repeated tests were set up for each group. After one growth cycle, the Poria cocos was harvested, and the resulting products were piled separately, the soil was shaken off, and the fresh weight of the Poria cocos was measured. The average of the three repeated tests was taken, and the Poria cocos yield of each group was counted, as shown in Table 2.

[0115] Table 2

[0116] Average yield (kg) Example 1 18.3 Example 2 17.5 Example 3 18.2 Comparative Example 1 18.1 Comparative Example 2 16.3 Comparative Example 3 15.9 Comparative Example 4 13.8

[0117] It can be seen that the average yields of Examples 1-3 were 18.3kg, 17.5kg and 18.2kg, respectively, while the average yield of Comparative Example 1 was 18.1kg, proving that the content of different components and preparation conditions affect the nutrient content in the raw materials for Poria cultivation, thereby affecting the yield of Poria, while the average yields of Comparative Examples 2-4 were 16.3kg, 15.9kg and 13.8kg, respectively, indicating that the bacterial solution of Bacillus brevis and Bacillus cereus has the effect of promoting the growth of Poria, and the blight wood extract also has the same effect of promoting growth and increasing yield after sterilization.

[0118] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Treatment of blighted Masson pine trees The stems and leaves of the infected pine wood are removed, the branches are peeled and then mechanically crushed to obtain the infected pine crushed material, the infected pine crushed material is naturally air-dried, and sterilized at high temperature and high pressure to obtain an air-dried raw material, and the air-dried raw material is subjected to high temperature, dense and high pressure molding to obtain the infected wood crushed material briquettes; S2: Preparation of biological immersion solution The stems, leaves and barks of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1 are collected and mechanically crushed to obtain infected wood residues, the infected wood residues are added to pure water for boiling to obtain infected wood extract, the Masson pine planting soil, potato peels and pure water are mixed and boiled to obtain soil extract, Bacillus pumilus is inoculated into NA liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution, Bacillus cereus is inoculated into NA liquid culture medium for cultivation to obtain Bacillus cereus bacterial solution, the Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution is mixed with the Bacillus cereus bacterial solution to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, the infected wood extract, the soil extract and the mixed bacterial solution are mixed, and then distilled water is added for dilution to obtain a biological extract; S3: Preparation of raw materials for Poria cultivation Corn flour, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean flour, gypsum powder, brown sugar, Masson pine diseased wood sawdust, and Masson pine diseased wood powder are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture, biological infusion is added to the mixture to obtain a wet material, the diseased wood crushed material blocks are loaded into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then the wet material is evenly spread on the diseased wood crushed material blocks until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and the spawn bag is wrapped and sealed with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

2. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 treats the diseased wood of Masson pine, comprising the following steps: S1.1: Remove the stems and leaves of the infected Masson pine wood, peel the branches and trunks, and then mechanically crush them to obtain Masson pine crushed materials. The Masson pine crushed materials are placed in a normal temperature and naturally air-dried for 12-20 hours, and then placed in a high pressure sterilizer and sterilized at 125-130°C for 1.5-2 hours to obtain air-dried raw materials; S1.2: The air-dried raw material is subjected to high-temperature, dense and high-pressure molding, the pre-pressing cylinder pressure is set to 5MPa, the main pressure cylinder pressure is 10-60MPa, and it is pressed into a block of 40*20*20mm to obtain the diseased wood crushed material briquette.

3. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The infected wood of Masson pine is the Masson pine tree infected with pine wood nematode disease.

4. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S2 is preparing a biological immersion solution, comprising the following steps: S2.1: collecting the stems, leaves and bark of the infected wood of Masson pine in step S1, and mechanically crushing them to obtain infected wood residues, adding the infected wood residues into pure water, boiling them at 90-100° C. for 30-40 minutes, and then heating them to 100-110° C. to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume, to obtain infected wood extract; S2.2: Mix the soil from Masson pine planting, potato peels and purified water in a ratio of 5:20:100, boil at 90-100°C for 25-30 minutes, and then heat to 100-110°C to distill the water to one fifth of the original volume to obtain soil leachate; S2.3: Inoculate Bacillus pumilus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26-28° C. and a rotation speed of 140-160 r / min for 72 hours to obtain a Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution, then inoculate Bacillus cereus into NA liquid culture medium, and culture in a constant temperature shaker at an ambient temperature of 26-28° C. and a rotation speed of 140-160 r / min for 72 hours to obtain a Bacillus cereus bacterial solution, and mix the Bacillus pumilus bacterial solution and the Bacillus cereus bacterial solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution; S2.4: Mix the diseased wood extract, soil extract and mixed bacterial solution in a ratio of 1:1:8, then add distilled water to dilute it to 10 times the original volume to obtain the biological extract.

5. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid-to-liquid ratio of the diseased wood residue and the purified water in step S2.1 is 1:

20.

6. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The NA liquid culture medium in step S2.3 is: 3 parts by mass of beef extract, 10 parts by mass of protein, 5 parts by mass of NaCl, 20 parts by mass of agar, and a pH value of 7.2-7.

4.

7. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S3 is preparing raw materials for Poria cocos cultivation, comprising the following steps: S3.1: Mix 2-3 parts by mass of corn flour, 10-15 parts by mass of rice bran, 10-15 parts by mass of wheat bran, 2-3 parts by mass of soybean flour, 2-3 parts by mass of gypsum powder, 7.5-9 parts by mass of brown sugar, 10-15 parts by mass of Masson pine wood chips, and 40-45 parts by mass of Masson pine wood powder to obtain a mixture; S3.2: Add biological leaching liquid to the mixture to make the water content of the mixture 45-70%, and adjust the pH of the system to 5-6, and place it for 30-50 minutes to obtain wet material; S3.3: Put the crushed diseased wood into a polypropylene plastic spawn bag with a width of 15 cm, a height of 30 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and adjust the position of the crushed diseased wood to place the crushed diseased wood at the bottom of the polypropylene plastic spawn bag, and then evenly spread the wet material on the crushed diseased wood, alternately laying a layer of crushed diseased wood and a layer of wet material until the polypropylene plastic spawn bag is filled, and seal the mouth of the spawn bag with a cotton rope to obtain the raw material for Poria cocos cultivation.

8. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The Masson pine diseased wood chips are prepared by mechanically crushing the barks of Masson pine trees infected with pine wilt disease and passing them through a 200-mesh sieve.

9. The method for preparing a raw material for Poria cocos cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Masson pine diseased wood powder is prepared by mechanically crushing the branches and leaves of the Masson pine tree infected with pine wilt disease through an 80-mesh sieve.

10. A raw material for cultivating Poria cocos, which is prepared by the method for preparing the raw material for cultivating Poria cocos according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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