Fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation equipment

Abstract

Fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation equipment is characterized by comprising a tobacco stem clamping mechanism, a stem and leaf separation cutter pair, a leaf collection box, a tobacco stem collection box and a power device, the tobacco stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts which are arranged in a V shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a set of rotating wheels, each set of rotating wheels is composed of a front wheel and a rear wheel and driven by a power device, and the two side faces of each clamping rotating belt are provided with clamping protrusions with certain elasticity and staggered teeth. The tobacco stem and leaf separating cutter pair is a V-shaped inclined cutter pair formed by two cutters, and the V-shaped inclined cutter pair is arranged close to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism. The separation equipment is reasonable in structure, good in continuity, capable of improving the stem and leaf separation efficiency and quality and suitable for stem and leaf separation of fresh tobacco leaves on a large-scale industrial production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fresh tobacco leaf harvesting and baking, and specifically relates to a fresh tobacco leaf stem-leaf separation device which has a simple structure and can improve the quality and efficiency of stem-leaf separation. Background Art

[0002] The de-stemming and baking of flue-cured tobacco is a new energy-saving and environmentally friendly baking method developed since 2005, which does not involve a high-temperature drying stage. In the early stage of tobacco baking, tobacco leaves produce accumulated aroma, and in the later stage of baking, the leaves dry. The high temperature and high wind speed of the drying stage often rapidly reduce the content of aroma substances accumulated in the tobacco leaves in the early stage of baking, seriously affecting the quality of smoking. Stemless baking does not involve a high-temperature drying stage, which avoids the loss of aroma due to high temperature and high wind speed in the later stage of baking, which leads to a rapid decrease in the content of aroma substances in the tobacco leaves after baking and a decline in sensory quality, thereby improving the aroma quality and availability of the baked tobacco leaves.

[0003] The invention patent "A method for removing stems and baking that effectively reduces the attenuation of the aroma characteristics of cinnabar tobacco" (CN202010391631) 20220325 was authorized. In addition to the baking method being authorized, the patent also involves harvesting, removing stems and weaving leaves into poles. The patent mentions "harvesting fresh tobacco leaves from cinnabar tobacco varieties that are ripe"; in terms of removing stems, it only says "cutting off the main vein of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, and weaving the leaves on both sides of the main vein into poles", without clarifying the specific method of separating stems and leaves and the equipment used. In fact, in addition to the baking process, the separation of stems and leaves is the key technology that must be solved first. To truly realize the production and practicality of the de-stemming and baking technology, the separation of stems and leaves must be both clean and efficient.

[0004] The utility model patent CN202022316282 "A Tobacco Stem Removal Device" authorized on June 15, 2021, is aimed at the stem and leaf separation of the leaves after curing. Its main structure is a cutting rope fixed in sequence to the three connecting ends of an acute triangle with an angle of about 30°. The sides corresponding to the acute angle are not closed. The acute angle of about 30° formed by the two cutting ropes is used to clamp the tobacco leaf stems, and the tobacco stems are manually dragged to cut off the tobacco leaves on both sides of the stems, thereby achieving stem and leaf separation. The cutting equipment used in the patent is a cutting rope, which can improve the efficiency of separating tobacco leaf stems and leaves. However, since the cutting rope is not as sharp as a blade, it cannot guarantee that all the large branch veins of the tobacco leaves and the residual leaves on the veins are cut off. It is practical to separate the stems and leaves of a small amount of post-cured tobacco leaves. For a large number of fresh tobacco leaves that need to be separated from the stems and leaves, the equipment obviously cannot meet the requirements of stem removal efficiency and quality.

[0005] The utility model patent CN202321807913 "Tobacco Leaf Stem Removal Device" authorized on January 2, 2024 also separates the stems and leaves for the leaves after roasting. Its main structure is two cutters in an eight-shaped shape and two eight-shaped rotating wheels driven by a motor fixedly installed on a mounting plate. Grabbing pins are set on the inner sides of the two rotating wheels. The stem head of the tobacco leaf is placed between the two cutters, and then the rotating wheel is started to push the tobacco leaf forward. The grabbing pins on the inside fix and drag the tobacco stems to move the tobacco leaves, and the cutter cuts and separates the tobacco leaves from the stems to achieve stem removal. After stem removal, since the rotating wheel is set in an eight-shaped shape, the grabbing pins will detach from the stems after reaching a certain position, and the tobacco stems will automatically fall into the tobacco stem collector. The tobacco leaves can be continuously placed manually between the two eight-shaped rotating wheels driven by the motor to achieve stem and leaf separation. This patent improves the efficiency of separating the stems from the first-baked leaves to a certain extent. Since the placement of the previous tobacco leaf and the current leaf requires two figure-eight cutters to be opened to place the tobacco stems, the tool structure is complex, the stem removal is not continuous, the efficiency is low, the quality of the stem removal has not been verified, and it cannot meet the requirements for the quality and efficiency of stem-leaf separation in processing large quantities of fresh tobacco leaves.

[0006] The production of stem and leaf separation based on stem removal and baking technology must be both clean and efficient, but the existing patents CN202022316282, the residual leaves on the tobacco leaves and the patent CN202321807913, the continuity and efficiency of stem removal equipment designed by the two patents cannot meet the needs.

[0007] Therefore, a stem-leaf separation device is developed which has high efficiency in stem-leaf separation, no leaf residue on the stem, good continuity, and can process large quantities of tobacco leaves to be destemmed, so as to solve the problems of existing patent technologies. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency fresh tobacco stem-leaf separation device which has a reasonable structure and can improve the quality of stem-leaf separation.

[0009] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device comprises a stem clamping mechanism, a stem and leaf separation knife pair, a leaf collection box, a stem collection box and a power device; the stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts and is arranged in a "V" shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a group of rotating wheels, each group of rotating wheels is composed of front and rear wheels and is driven by a power device, and both side surfaces of each clamping rotating belt are provided with certain elastic long and short staggered tooth clamping protrusions; the stem and leaf separation knife pair is composed of two cutting tools to form a "V" shaped oblique knife pair, and the "V" shaped oblique knife pair is arranged adjacent to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism.

[0010] The matching surfaces of the clamping rotating belt and the rotating wheel are in a concave-convex matching interlocking structure to ensure that the clamping rotating belt does not fall off the wheel during the operation of the pulley.

[0011] The inner belt surface of the clamping rotating belt is convex, and the surface of the rotating wheel is concave, and the two are matched and embedded with each other.

[0012] The thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, and the height of the clamping protrusion is 1-2 cm.

[0013] The included angle of the two V-shaped clamping rotating belts is 5°-30°.

[0014] The included angle of the "V"-shaped oblique blade pair is 5°-30°.

[0015] The "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is installed close to the wheel at one end of the two sets of rotating wheels that turn downward, and is located in the lower part of the wheel. The height of the gradually narrowing and closed end of the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping belt wheel.

[0016] The rear wheels of each set of running wheels are connected to the power unit.

[0017] The "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is fixed on a base bracket outside the two sets of wheel bands through a steel bracket, and a knife clamp with a notch opening upward for clamping the knife is provided on the bracket.

[0018] The blade collecting box is arranged below the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair, and the tobacco stem collecting box is arranged below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

[0019] The use process of the present invention is as follows: 1) The rotating wheel and the clamping belt are driven by an electric or other power device. The tobacco leaf stem is placed in the gap between the two sets of belt wheels with the front side of the tobacco leaf facing the belt wheels (see Figure 5 ), when placing manually, the belt wheel clamps the end of the tobacco stem before releasing it. As the gap narrows, the tobacco leaf stalk is clamped by the long and short staggered teeth clamping protrusions, and the motor drives the rotating wheel, and the clamping rotating belt clamps the clamped tobacco leaf and moves it into the knife edge. When the clamping protrusion on one side is worn, the left and right clamping rotating belts can be interchanged to update the clamping working surface.

[0020] 2) The tobacco leaves droop under the action of gravity, especially the leaf tips droop greatly. The leaves droop appropriately and timely, pressing the main veins of the tobacco leaves into the blade of suitable width. The side of the knife is close to the tobacco petiole. As the tobacco petiole moves, the "V"-shaped oblique knife edge cuts the tobacco leaf flesh and branch veins from the tobacco stem, realizing the separation of stems and leaves. The cut tobacco leaves automatically fall into the leaf collection box.

[0021] 3) As the tobacco stems move further, the two sets of "V"-shaped wheels and the clamping rotating belts are taken to the other end of the wheel and rotate upward to a certain position, the spacing increases, and the tobacco leaf petioles automatically fall off from between the two sets of pulleys and fall into the tobacco stem collection box placed below.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the staggered tooth protrusions with certain elasticity of the two clamping belts tightly clamp the tobacco stems, the motor drives the rotating wheel, and the clamping rotating belt clamps the clamped tobacco leaves and moves into the blade. As the tobacco leaf petiole moves, the blade of the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair cuts the tobacco leaf flesh and branch veins from the tobacco stem, thereby realizing the separation of stems and leaves. The separation equipment of the present invention has a reasonable structure and good continuity, can improve the efficiency and quality of stem-leaf separation, and is suitable for large-scale, industrial production lines to process the separation of stems and leaves of fresh tobacco leaves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view of the pulley in the device of the present invention, showing two sets of opposite clamping rotating pulleys and oblique knife pairs in a "V" shape; Figure 2 It is a side view of the pulley and the knife pair; Figure 3 It is an enlarged view of the long and short staggered teeth clamping protrusion structure on both sides of the clamping rotating belt and the convex inner belt surface of the clamping rotating belt; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a part of the pulley; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention ； Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tool holder and the tool holder; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the knife holder and the cutter; Figure 8 It is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 1-10 In: 1. Power device (i.e. driving motor); 2. Clamping rotating belt; 3. Rotating wheel; 4. Clamping protrusion; 5. Rotating belt anti-deviation protrusion; 6. Groove on the surface of the rotating wheel; 7. Part of the axle; 8. Tool clamp fixing bracket; 9. Tool clamp for fixing the tool; 10. Tool; 11. Twist nut; 12. "V" shaped oblique tool pair, 12-1, narrow closed end of the oblique tool pair, 13. Blade collection box, 14. Tobacco stem collection box, 15. Base bracket; The arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1-9 As shown: a fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device, including a tobacco stem clamping mechanism, a pair of blades for separating stems and leaves, a leaf collection box 13 and a tobacco stem collection box 14 and a power device 1; the tobacco stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts 2 and is arranged in a "V" shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a group of rotating wheels 3, each group of rotating wheels 3 is composed of front and rear wheels and driven by a power device 1, and both sides of each clamping rotating belt 2 are provided with certain elastic long and short staggered tooth clamping protrusions 4 (the thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, and the height of the clamping protrusion is 1-2 cm; the pair of blades for separating stems and leaves is composed of two knives 10 to form a "V"-shaped oblique knife pair 12, and the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is arranged adjacent to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism (see Figure 2 , Figure 5 ).

[0025] The inner surface of the clamping rotating belt is provided with an anti-deviation protrusion 5, and the surface of the rotating wheel is in a groove shape 6, and the two are matched and embedded with each other to ensure that the clamping rotating belt does not fall off the wheel during the operation of the pulley (see Figure 4 ).

[0026] The "V"-shaped oblique blade pair 12 for separating the stems and leaves is installed close to the wheel at one end of the two sets of rotating wheels turning downward, located at the lower part of the wheel, and the height of one end of the gradually narrowed closed end 12-1 of the "V"-shaped oblique blade pair is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge distance L of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping belt wheel (see Figure 2 ).

[0027] The rear wheels of each set of running wheels are connected to the power unit.

[0028] The V-shaped oblique blade pair is fixed to the base bracket 15 on the outer side of the two sets of wheel bands through the bracket 8 (see Figure 5 , Figure 6 ), the bracket is provided with a tool holder 9 with a notch opening upward for clamping a tool 10 (see Figure 7 ).

[0029] The blade collecting box 13 is arranged below the "V"-shaped oblique blade pair 12, and the tobacco stem collecting box 14 is arranged below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

[0030] The structural features, working principles and use process of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the figures: 1. The mechanism for clamping the tobacco leaf petiole consists of two sets of wheels (each set of wheels consists of two wheels), each set of wheels drives a clamping rotating belt, and the two relative clamping rotating belts are in a "V" shape ( Figure 1 ), the angle range is 5°~30°, and the two sides of the small angle "V"-shaped clamping rotating belt are provided with certain elastic length and short staggered tooth clamping protrusions ( Figure 2), the long and short staggered teeth clamping protrusion structure such as ( Figure 3 The contact surface of the "V"-shaped clamping belt and the wheel is complementary, the inner surface of the clamping belt is convex, and the wheel surface is concave, and the two are matched and embedded with each other ( Figure 4 ), ensure that the rotating belt is clamped and does not fall off the pulley during operation.

[0031] 2. The "V"-shaped oblique knife pair for separating stems and leaves is installed close to the wheel at the end of the two sets of rotating wheels that turn downward, located at the lower part of the wheel, and the height of the gradually narrowing and closing end of the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is not less than 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping belt wheel ( Figure 2 ), the angle range of the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is 5°~30°. The oblique knife pair is fixed on the base bracket outside the two sets of wheel tyres through a steel bracket ( Figure 5 , Figure 6 ), there is a knife holder with a notch opening upward on the bracket ( Figure 7 ), the tool holder has a fixing screw and a nut that can be held and twisted by hand. The tool is fixed to the steel bracket in the tool holder by twisting the nut.

[0032] 3. The rotating wheel and the clamping belt are driven by a power device such as an electric motor. The tobacco leaf stem is placed in the gap between the two sets of belt wheels with the front of the tobacco leaf facing the belt wheels above the two sets of clamping wheels with the knife pairs installed. Figure 5 ), as the gap becomes narrower, the tobacco leaf petiole is clamped, the motor drives the wheel, and the clamping rotating belt clamps the clamped tobacco leaf and moves it into the knife edge.

[0033] 4. The tobacco leaves droop under the action of gravity, especially the leaf tips droop greatly. The leaves droop appropriately and timely, pressing the main veins of the tobacco leaves into the blade of suitable width. The side of the knife is close to the tobacco petiole. As the tobacco petiole moves, the "V"-shaped oblique knife edge cuts the tobacco leaf flesh and branch veins from the tobacco stem, realizing the separation of stems and leaves, and the cut tobacco leaves automatically fall into the leaf collection box.

[0034] 5. As the tobacco stems move further, the two sets of "V"-shaped wheels and the clamping rotating belts are taken to the other end of the wheel and rotate upward to a certain position, the spacing increases, and the tobacco leaf petioles automatically fall off from between the two sets of wheels and fall into the tobacco stem collection box placed below.

[0035] 6. Cleaning and maintenance of the tool: twist the nut, remove the tool, put it into the detergent solution, scrape it clean, rinse it with clean water, and reinstall it. Figure 7 ).

Claims

1. A fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device, characterized in that: It includes a tobacco stem clamping mechanism, a pair of stem-leaf separation knives, a leaf collection box, a tobacco stem collection box and a power device; the tobacco stem clamping mechanism is composed of two clamping rotating belts and is arranged in a "V" shape, each clamping rotating belt is driven by a group of rotating wheels, each group of rotating wheels is composed of front and rear wheels and driven by a power device, and both side surfaces of each clamping rotating belt are provided with certain elastic long and short staggered tooth clamping protrusions; the stem-leaf separation knife pair is composed of two cutting tools to form a "V"-shaped oblique knife pair, and the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is arranged close to the front end of the tobacco stem clamping mechanism.

2. The fresh tobacco leaf stem separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching surface between the clamping rotating belt and the rotating wheel is a concave-convex matching interlocking structure to ensure that the clamping rotating belt does not fall off the wheel during the operation of the pulley.

3. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner belt surface of the clamping rotating belt is convex, and the surface of the rotating wheel is concave, and the two are matched and embedded with each other.

4. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the clamping rotating belt is 2-4 cm, and the height of the clamping protrusions on its two sides is 1-2 cm.

5. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the two "V"-shaped clamping rotating belts is 5°-30°.

6. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the "V"-shaped oblique blade pair is 5°-30°.

7. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is installed close to the wheel at one end of the two sets of rotating wheels that turn downward, and is located at the lower part of the wheel. The height of the gradually narrowing and closed end of the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is at least 2 cm higher than the upper edge of the lower horizontal part of the clamping belt of the clamping belt wheel.

8. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear wheels of each set of running wheels are connected to the power unit.

9. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The "V"-shaped oblique knife pair is fixed on a base bracket outside the two groups of wheel bands through a steel bracket, and a knife clamp with a notch opening upward for clamping the knife is provided on the bracket.

10. The fresh tobacco leaf stem and leaf separation device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The blade collecting box is arranged below the "V"-shaped oblique knife pair, and the tobacco stem collecting box is arranged below the rear wheel of the clamping rotating belt.

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