Layered recovery system and method for double-glass photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides a layered recovery system for a double-glass photovoltaic module. The layered recovery system comprises a glass separation device, a transfer device and a film scraping device, the glass separation device is used for heating the double-glass photovoltaic module subjected to laser segmentation; the transfer device is arranged between the glass separation device and the film scraping device, and the surface of the transfer device is provided with a conveying belt used for conveying the double-glass photovoltaic module. The film scraping device comprises a transportation platform, an adsorption table and a scraper; when the transportation platform transports the double-glass photovoltaic module subjected to laser segmentation, the adsorption table adsorbs the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module, the scraper cuts the adhesive surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module, and glass in the double-glass photovoltaic module is recovered respectively. According to the invention, the double-glass photovoltaic module is clamped by the glass separation device after layered laser scanning so as to carry out hot knife cutting, so that the whole double-glass photovoltaic module is separated into an upper layer and a lower layer containing adhesive films, and the adhesive films are scraped through mutual cooperation of the scraper and the adsorption table, so that complete glass is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, and in particular relates to a layered recycling system and method for double-glass photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] Double-glass photovoltaic modules are a new type of photovoltaic modules, mainly composed of double-sided tempered glass, two layers of adhesive film and solar cell silicon wafers. The double-glass structure not only improves the strength and durability of the module, but also gives it a variety of unique properties. Compared with single-glass modules, double-glass photovoltaic modules have longer service life, higher power generation rate, better safety, easier cleaning and maintenance, and show strong competitiveness in many application scenarios with their unique structure and excellent performance. Therefore, with the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual reduction of costs, the market prospects of double-glass photovoltaic modules will be broader.

[0003] However, while double-layer glass improves the durability of double-glass photovoltaic modules, its fully enclosed nature also increases the difficulty of recycling waste double-glass photovoltaic modules. As a new processing technology, laser technology can achieve failure stratification of multiple interfaces of double-glass photovoltaic modules by controlling the absorption and penetration characteristics of the laser beam in the multi-layer composite structure of glass, film, silicon wafer, film, and glass in double-glass photovoltaic modules. However, since the film layer has a certain viscosity, the double-glass photovoltaic module after laser scanning still has a certain degree of adhesion. Therefore, on this basis, how to achieve efficient and high-purity separation of glass, film, silicon wafer, metal materials, etc. after laser processing plays a key role in promoting the application of laser technology in the field of double-glass photovoltaic module recycling. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of adhesion of double-glass photovoltaic modules in the laser processing process described in the background technology, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0005] A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules, comprising: a glass separation device, a transfer device and a film scraping device; the glass separation device is used for heating the double-glass photovoltaic modules after laser segmentation; the transfer device is arranged between the glass separation device and the film scraping device, and a conveyor belt for transporting the double-glass photovoltaic modules is arranged on the surface of the transfer device; the film scraping device comprises: a transport platform, an adsorption platform and a scraper; the transport platform is arranged between the transfer platform and a recycling mechanical arm, the adsorption platform is fixed under the transport platform, and the scraper is arranged above the transport platform; when the transport platform transports the double-glass photovoltaic modules after laser segmentation, the adsorption platform adsorbs the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic modules, and the scraper cuts the adhesive surface of the double-glass photovoltaic modules to respectively recycle the glass in the double-glass photovoltaic modules.

[0006] Among them, the glass separation device includes: a base, a clamp, a cylinder assembly and a heat fluxer; the surface of the base is hingedly connected to the fixed end of the clamp, and the cylinder assembly is rotatably connected to the clamp and the base to drive the clamp to complete the clamping and releasing actions; the heat fluxer is fixed in the clamp; when the double-glass photovoltaic module is cut with a hot knife, the heat fluxer transports a hot air flow to the double-glass photovoltaic module.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamp includes a first part, a second part and a vacuum suction device; the fixed end of the first part is hingedly connected to the base, and the movable end of the first part is hingedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly; the fixed end of the second part is hingedly connected to the base, and the movable end of the second part is hingedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly; the vacuum suction device is symmetrically arranged on the surfaces of the first part and the second part to adsorb the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module during hot knife cutting.

[0008] Furthermore, the arrangement direction of the scraper is parallel to the width direction of the transport platform, and the arrangement direction of the scraper is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the adsorption platform.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules, using the above-mentioned layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules, comprising:

[0010] Pre-processing of double-glass photovoltaic modules through laser scanning processing technology;

[0011] Performing a heating treatment on the pretreated double-glass photovoltaic module;

[0012] The connection between the upper layer of glass and the lower layer of glass is released by cutting with a hot knife;

[0013] The upper layer of glass and the lower layer of glass are respectively subjected to film scraping treatment and recycled.

[0014] Furthermore, during the hot knife cutting, the temperature of the thermal decomposition knife is 300°C to 600°C.

[0015] Furthermore, before the scraping and recycling process is performed, the glass surface of the upper glass or the glass surface of the lower glass needs to be adsorbed and fixed, so as to heat and decompose the adhesive surface of the upper glass or the adhesive surface of the lower glass.

[0016] Furthermore, after the double-glass photovoltaic module is subjected to heat treatment, the double-glass photovoltaic module forms an interlayer member including the upper glass, the lower glass, a silicon wafer and an adhesive film; the thermal decomposition knife cuts into the side of the upper glass or the lower glass close to the adhesive film.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The present invention clamps the double-glass photovoltaic module through the glass separation device after laser layer scanning for hot knife cutting, thereby separating the entire double-glass photovoltaic module into an upper and lower layer containing an adhesive film, and then the scraper and the adsorption table cooperate with each other to scrape the adhesive film, thereby obtaining a complete glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a layered recycling system for a double-glass photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a glass separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a film scraping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a film scraping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference Figure 1According to an embodiment of the present invention, a layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules includes: a glass separation device 1, a transfer device 2 and a film scraping device 3. The glass separation device 1 is used to heat the double-glass photovoltaic modules after laser segmentation and assist in separating the double-glass photovoltaic modules. The transfer device 2 is arranged between the glass separation device 1 and the film scraping device 3, and a conveyor belt 2121 for transporting the double-glass photovoltaic modules is arranged on the surface of the transfer device 2. The conveyor belt 2121 is driven by a motor and runs at a stable and controllable speed to transport the double-glass photovoltaic modules after the heating treatment of the glass separation device 1 to the film scraping device 3.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 The film scraping device 3 includes: a transport platform 31, an adsorption platform 32 and a scraper 33. The transport platform 31 is fixedly arranged between the transfer platform and the recycling robot arm. The surface of the transport platform 31 is provided with a conveyor belt 311 for conveying double-glass photovoltaic modules. The adsorption platform 32 is fixed below the transport platform 31. The scraper 33 is arranged above the transport platform 31. The setting direction of the scraper 33 is parallel to the width direction of the transport platform 31, and the setting direction of the adsorption platform 32 is parallel to the length direction of the transport platform 31.

[0027] After the laser splitting operation is completed, although the double-glass photovoltaic module has been preliminarily split (the cutting here refers to the surface area of ​​the double-glass photovoltaic module), the glass is still closely connected to the glue layer and other internal structures. The glass separation device 1 reduces the viscosity of the internal glue layer of the double-glass photovoltaic module and weakens the bonding force between the glass and other components by heating, so as to create favorable conditions for the subsequent layering operation. The double-glass module decomposed by the glass separation device 1 is transported to the transport platform 31 by a transfer device 2 such as a belt conveyor.

[0028] When the double-glass photovoltaic module is transported to the transport platform 31 of the scraping device 3, the adsorption platform 32 adsorbs the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module through the vacuum adsorption principle or the electromagnetic adsorption principle so that the double-glass photovoltaic module and the conveyor belt 311 of the transport platform 31 remain relatively still, so as to ensure the accuracy and stability of the cutting operation. As the conveyor belt 311 continues to move, the scraper 33 gradually advances along the glue surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module, evenly cutting the glue layer so that the glass in the double-glass photovoltaic module can be recycled separately. With the assistance of the subsequent robotic arm, the cut and separated glass can be accurately grasped and transferred to the corresponding recycling container or processing area, thereby completing the layered recycling process of the double-glass photovoltaic module glass and realizing the effective recycling and reuse of resources.

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a glass separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Reference Figure 2Specifically, the glass separation device 1 includes: a base 11, a clamp 12, a cylinder assembly 13 and a heat fluxer 14. The surface of the base 11 is connected to the fixed end of the clamp 12 by a hinged seat. The cylinder assembly 13 rotates to connect the clamp 12 and the base 11, and the clamping and loosening actions of the clamp 12 are realized by the piston movement of the cylinder. The heat fluxer 14 is fixedly arranged in the clamp 12, and its main function is to transport hot air flow to the assembly when the double-glass photovoltaic assembly is cut with a hot knife. The heat fluxer 14 is equipped with heating elements such as heating wires or heating tubes. These heating elements can convert electrical energy or other forms of energy into thermal energy, so that the gas flowing through it rises rapidly. The heat fluxer 14 is used to heat and maintain the temperature of the glue layer in the double-glass assembly on the one hand, and to prevent the double-glass photovoltaic assembly from adhering again after the hot knife cutting on the other hand.

[0031] Continue to refer to Figure 2 Furthermore, the clamp 12 includes: a first part 121, a second part 122 and a vacuum suction device 123. The fixed end of the first part 121 is connected to the base 11 through a hinge seat, and the movable end of the first part 121 is connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly 13 in an articulated form. Driven by the cylinder assembly 13, the first part 121 can rotate around the hinge seat. The first part 121 and the second part 122 are symmetrically arranged. Similarly, the fixed end of the second part 122 is also hingedly connected to the base 11, and the movable end of the second part 122 is also hingedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly 13. The first part 121 and the second part 122 together constitute a clamping structure for the double-glass photovoltaic module. Under the action of the cylinder assembly 13, the second part 122 and the first part 121 can move relative to each other synchronously, moving closer to the center or opening outward from both sides of the module to complete the corresponding clamping and releasing actions. The vacuum suction device 123 is symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the first part 121 and the second part 122, and absorbs the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module during the hot knife cutting process to stabilize the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module. The working principle of the vacuum suction device 123 is based on the generation of vacuum negative pressure. The air in the adsorption area is extracted through the internal vacuum pump or other exhaust device to form a local vacuum environment. When the double-glass photovoltaic module completes the clamping action of the first part 121 and the second part 122, the vacuum suction device 123 is started, and an adsorption force is generated at the part where it contacts the glass surface to absorb the glass surface to the surface of the clamp 12, ensuring that the double-glass photovoltaic module will not be displaced or shaken due to the cutting force during hot knife cutting, providing stable working conditions for the cutting operation.

[0032] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 Another object of the present invention is to provide a recycling method applied to the above-mentioned stratified recycling system, comprising:

[0034] S000. Pre-process double-glass photovoltaic modules through laser scanning processing technology.

[0035] Specifically, in this step, it is necessary to use laser scanning processing technology to carry out pre-processing operations on double-glass photovoltaic modules. Among them, laser scanning processing technology uses a high-energy-density laser beam to accurately scan double-glass photovoltaic modules according to pre-set scanning paths and parameters. During the scanning process, the laser beam interacts with the surface of the module, and according to the material properties and structure of the module, by controlling the laser power, frequency, pulse width and other parameters, the module produces microscopic physical or chemical changes in specific parts, such as forming tiny cracks or weakened areas at the boundaries that need to be divided, laying the foundation for subsequent layering processing, and will not cause excessive damage to the overall structure of the module, ensuring that the module can remain relatively intact after pre-processing for subsequent operations. After laser cutting, large double-glass photovoltaic modules are cut into uniform small pieces.

[0036] S010, heating the pretreated double-glass photovoltaic module.

[0037] Specifically, in this step, it is necessary to perform a heating treatment on the pre-treated double-glass photovoltaic module. During the heating treatment stage, the double-glass photovoltaic module is placed in a special glass separation device 1, and heat is evenly applied to the module through the heat fluxer 14. With the transfer and accumulation of heat, the material properties inside the double-glass photovoltaic module begin to change, and the bonding force between the layers is gradually affected. When a certain temperature and heating time are reached, the interlayer structure formed by the originally tightly connected upper glass, lower glass, silicon wafer and adhesive film begins to loosen, and the viscosity of the adhesive film decreases, creating favorable thermal conditions for the subsequent release of the connection between the upper glass and the lower glass.

[0038] S020, disconnecting the upper layer of glass from the lower layer of glass by cutting with a hot knife.

[0039] Specifically, in this step, a hot knife cutting process is required to release the connection between the upper glass and the lower glass. In this process, the thermal decomposition knife is a key tool, and its temperature is precisely controlled between 300°C and 600°C. The temperature used in this embodiment is 600°C, and in other embodiments the temperature can be 300°C or 450°C, and the specific temperature can be adjusted according to the size and type of the double-glass photovoltaic module. When the thermal decomposition knife contacts the side of the upper glass or the lower glass close to the film, the high temperature causes the film to undergo a rapid thermal decomposition reaction. In this temperature range, the polymer chain of the film begins to break and decompose, and its viscosity and strength drop sharply, thereby effectively releasing the connection between the upper glass and the lower glass. The parameters such as the cutting depth, cutting speed, and cutting path of the thermal decomposition knife are precisely set according to the specific structure of the double-glass photovoltaic module and the characteristics of the film, ensuring that the upper glass and the lower glass can be efficiently separated during the cutting process, while avoiding excessive damage or breakage to the glass itself.

[0040] S030, respectively performing film scraping treatment on the upper layer of glass and the lower layer of glass and recycling them.

[0041] Specifically, in this step, the upper glass and the lower glass need to be scraped and recycled by the robotic arms on other production lines. Before scraping and recycling, the glass surface of the upper glass or the glass surface of the lower glass needs to be adsorbed and fixed. Sufficient adsorption force is generated on the glass surface by an adsorption platform 32 such as a vacuum adsorption platform or an electromagnetic adsorption device, so that the upper glass or the lower glass remains relatively stable with the conveyor belt 311 during the scraping process. Then, the adhesive surface of the upper glass or the adhesive surface of the lower glass is heated and decomposed.

[0042] In summary, the present invention clamps the double-glass photovoltaic module through the glass separation device after laser layer scanning for hot knife cutting, thereby separating the entire double-glass photovoltaic module into an upper and lower layer containing an adhesive film, and then the adhesive film is scraped off by the cooperation of a scraper and an adsorption platform to obtain a complete glass.

[0043] The foregoing describes certain embodiments of the invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.

[0044] The terms "exemplary," "example," and the like used throughout this specification mean "used as an example, instance, or illustration" and do not mean "preferred" or "advantageous" over other embodiments. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be implemented without these specific details. In some instances, in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form.

[0045] The optional implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above implementation modes. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] The above description of the contents of this specification is provided to enable any person of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the contents of this specification. Various modifications to the contents of this specification will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Therefore, the contents of this specification are not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but are consistent with the widest range of principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: include: A glass separation device (1), a transfer device (2) and a film scraping device (3); The glass separation device (1) is used for heating the double-glass photovoltaic module after laser segmentation; therefore, the transfer device (2) is arranged between the glass separation device (1) and the film scraping device (3); the surface of the transfer device (2) is provided with a conveyor belt (21) for transporting the double-glass photovoltaic module; the film scraping device (3) comprises: a transport platform (31), an adsorption platform (32) and a scraper (33); The transport platform (31) is arranged between the transfer device (2) and the recovery robot arm, the adsorption platform (32) is fixed below the transport platform (31), and the scraper (33) is mounted above the transport platform (31); when the transport platform (31) transports the double-glass photovoltaic module that has been cut by laser, the adsorption platform (32) adsorbs the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module, and the scraper (33) cuts the glue surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module, so as to recover the glass in the double-glass photovoltaic module respectively.

2. A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass separation device (1) comprises: a base (11), a clamp (12), a cylinder assembly (13) and a heat flow device (14); the surface of the base (11) is hingedly connected to the fixed end of the clamp (12); the cylinder assembly (13) rotatably connects the clamp (12) and the base (11) to drive the clamp (12) to complete the clamping action and the loosening action; the heat flow device (14) is fixed in the clamp (12); when the double-glass photovoltaic module is cut with a hot knife, the heat flow device (14) transports a hot air flow to the double-glass photovoltaic module.

3. A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp (12) comprises a first part (121), a second part (122) and a vacuum suction device (123); the fixed end of the first part (121) is hingedly connected to the base (11), and the movable end of the first part (121) is hingedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly (13); the fixed end of the second part (122) is hingedly connected to the base (11), and the movable end of the second part (122) is hingedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder assembly (13); the vacuum suction device (123) is symmetrically arranged on the surfaces of the first part (121) and the second part (122) to absorb the glass surface of the double-glass photovoltaic module when hot knife cutting is performed.

4. A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arrangement direction of the scraper (33) is parallel to the width direction of the transport platform (31), and the arrangement direction of the scraper (33) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the adsorption platform (32).

5. A layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: A layered recycling system for double-glass photovoltaic modules as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: Pre-processing of double-glass photovoltaic modules through laser scanning processing technology; Performing a heating treatment on the pretreated double-glass photovoltaic module; The connection between the upper layer of glass and the lower layer of glass is released by cutting with a hot knife; The upper layer of glass and the lower layer of glass are respectively subjected to film scraping treatment and recycled.

6. A layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: When performing the hot knife cutting, the temperature of the thermal decomposition knife is 300°C to 600°C.

7. A layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the scraping film recovery is performed, the glass surface of the upper glass or the glass surface of the lower glass needs to be adsorbed and fixed, so as to heat and decompose the adhesive surface of the upper glass or the adhesive surface of the lower glass.

8. A layered recycling method for double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the double-glass photovoltaic module is subjected to heat treatment, the double-glass photovoltaic module forms an interlayer member including the upper glass, the lower glass, a silicon wafer and an adhesive film; the thermal decomposition knife cuts into the upper glass or the lower glass on one side close to the adhesive film.

Images