Pipeline safety and form self-sensing method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a pipeline safety and form self-sensing method and system, and the system comprises a pipeline monitoring unit which comprises a pipeline, a distributed optical fiber sensor implanted into the pipeline in the pipeline production process, and a data processing and analysis unit. Comprising a data acquisition preprocessing module, a feature extraction and parameter calculation module, a state evaluation and early warning module and a data storage and management module. The data acquisition preprocessing module is used for acquiring optical signal data transmitted back by the sensing optical cable in real time; the feature extraction and parameter calculation module is used for extracting feature parameters closely related to pipeline safety and form from the preprocessed data; and the state evaluation and early warning module is used for comparing and analyzing the obtained pipeline state index with a set safety threshold. Multiple parameters such as the spatial form, the stress, the deformation and the construction external damage influence of the pipeline are monitored simultaneously and continuously, and the actual operation state and the potential risk of the pipeline are reflected more comprehensively and more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline safety monitoring, and in particular to a pipeline safety and morphology self-perception method and system. Background Art

[0002] Pipelines are the core carriers of many key areas, such as energy transportation (such as oil and natural gas pipelines) and municipal engineering (water supply and drainage pipelines). However, the working environment of pipelines is extremely complex and harsh, and they face many challenges. From the perspective of the geological environment, geological phenomena such as crustal movement, soil subsidence, and seismic activity can easily cause pipelines to be subjected to uneven external forces, which in turn cause deformation, bending, and even breakage of pipelines. In terms of human factors, with the acceleration of urbanization, various construction activities are becoming increasingly frequent. When third-party construction is performing excavation, piling and other operations, if they lack an understanding of the exact location and direction of underground pipelines, it is easy to cause accidental damage to the pipelines, resulting in accidents such as pipeline leakage and rupture, and may also interrupt energy supply or cause environmental pollution.

[0003] Although existing pipeline monitoring technologies can detect some of the pipeline status to a certain extent, they all have obvious defects. The traditional manual inspection method relies on the experience of the inspectors and regular inspection arrangements, which makes it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring of the pipeline status. In addition, it is difficult to detect some hidden pipeline problems, such as minor deformations or initial stress anomalies, in a timely manner through manual inspections. In sensor-based monitoring technologies, some sensors need to be installed externally after the pipeline is built. This installation method is not only complicated and costly, but also the sensors are easily disturbed by external environmental factors (such as moisture, corrosion, mechanical collision, etc.), resulting in reduced sensor accuracy and shortened life, which in turn affects the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. Some traditional monitoring technologies can only monitor a specific parameter of the pipeline, such as only measuring the pressure or temperature of the pipeline, and cannot fully reflect the comprehensive status information of the pipeline's spatial form, stress, deformation, and external damage during construction. This makes the assessment of pipeline safety conditions limited and difficult to accurately predict and prevent potential pipeline accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipeline safety and morphology self-perception method and system to achieve all-round, real-time and accurate monitoring and safety assessment of pipelines.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system, comprising a pipeline monitoring unit, the pipeline monitoring unit comprising a pipeline and a distributed optical fiber sensor, the distributed optical fiber sensor being a sensing optical cable that has been implanted in the pipeline during the pipeline production process;

[0007] Data processing and analysis unit, including data acquisition preprocessing module, feature extraction and parameter calculation module, status assessment and early warning module, data storage and management module;

[0008] The data acquisition preprocessing module is connected to one end of the sensor optical cable and is used to collect the optical signal data transmitted back by the sensor optical cable in real time and preprocess the collected data;

[0009] Feature extraction and parameter calculation module, used to extract feature parameters closely related to pipeline safety and morphology from preprocessed data;

[0010] The status assessment and early warning module is used to conduct a comprehensive comparison and comprehensive analysis of the calculated pipeline status indicators and the pre-set multi-dimensional safety thresholds. When the pipeline status indicators exceed the safety threshold range, the system will promptly issue corresponding early warning signals according to different risk levels;

[0011] The data storage and management module is used to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data.

[0012] Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber sensor can monitor the temperature, strain, deformation and vibration signals of the pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensing optical cable is spirally wound along the outer circumference of the pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the sensing optical cable is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, at least two sensing optical cables are provided and are distributed at a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the preprocessing includes real-time denoising, filtering and amplification of the collected data.

[0017] The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method injects optical signals of specific wavelengths and intensities into the sensor optical cables implanted in the pipeline, and utilizes the physical phenomena of scattering and reflection generated by the interaction of light with optical fiber materials when light is transmitted in the optical fiber to accurately measure and analyze the changes in the optical signal, thereby obtaining various status information of the pipeline; the monitoring data obtained by distributed optical fiber sensing is processed and analyzed using a data processing and analysis unit. When the status indicators of the pipeline exceed the safety threshold range, the system promptly issues corresponding warning signals according to different risk levels.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensing optical cable is a distributed optical fiber sensor capable of performing spatial morphology monitoring: based on the optical path change caused by the bending or displacement of the pipeline when the optical signal is transmitted in the sensing optical cable, the bending degree and bending direction of different positions of the pipeline and the displacement along the axial direction of the pipeline can be accurately determined through precise time difference measurement and calculation;

[0019] Stress monitoring: When the pipeline is subjected to external force, the sensing optical cable will produce a small strain, causing the phase and polarization state characteristics of the optical signal to change. By accurately measuring and analyzing the changes in these optical signal characteristics, the magnitude, direction and distribution of the stress on the pipeline can be calculated;

[0020] Deformation monitoring: When the pipeline is deformed, the geometric shape and physical properties of the sensing optical cable will change accordingly, which will be directly reflected in the transmission characteristics of the optical signal. By real-time monitoring of these optical signal changes and comparing and analyzing the signals in the normal state, the deformation type, degree and location of the pipeline can be determined, providing accurate information for timely and targeted repair measures;

[0021] Monitoring of the impact of external damage during construction: When there is third-party construction activity near the pipeline, the vibration, soil displacement, and mechanical impact generated during the construction process will be transmitted to the pipeline, causing vibration and strain changes in the sensor optical cable. Through dynamic monitoring and analysis of the optical signal in the sensor optical cable, combined with the preset construction external damage risk assessment model, it is possible to promptly determine whether the construction activity poses a threat to the pipeline, and issue a warning signal when the risk reaches a certain level, reminding relevant departments to take measures to protect the safety of the pipeline.

[0022] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis unit can automatically identify the normal operating state, abnormal state and dangerous state of the pipeline, and automatically adjust the monitoring strategy and warning level according to different states; when the pipeline is operating normally, the system uses a lower sampling frequency and a simple data processing algorithm to monitor and analyze the data to reduce the system's energy consumption and computing resource consumption; when an abnormal pipeline state is detected, the system automatically increases the sampling frequency, starts a complex data analysis model, performs detailed analysis and diagnosis of the abnormal data, and issues a warning signal in a timely manner.

[0023] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis unit utilizes its data storage and management module to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data, and can mine and learn historical data to continuously optimize its own monitoring and early warning model.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] Prefabricating the sensor optical cable and implanting it inside the pipeline during the pipeline production process has changed the traditional installation method of pipeline monitoring sensors. Compared with the traditional later installation of sensors on the pipeline surface, it not only solves many problems in the sensor installation process, such as the difficulty in ensuring installation accuracy, susceptibility to external environmental interference after installation, and poor coupling between the sensor and the pipeline, but also improves the integration degree and long-term stability of the sensor and the pipeline. The sensor optical cable can better sense the stress, strain and geometric changes inside the pipeline, providing a solid foundation for realizing the comprehensive self-sensing function of the pipeline.

[0026] Taking full advantage of the distributed fiber optic sensing technology, the company can achieve simultaneous and continuous monitoring of multiple parameters such as pipeline spatial form, stress, deformation, and external damage during construction. Compared with traditional single parameter monitoring technology, the present invention can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual operating status and potential risks of the pipeline, and provide richer and more reliable data support for pipeline safety assessment and maintenance decisions. Through in-depth mining and analysis of multi-parameter monitoring data, the operating laws and potential failure modes of the pipeline under different working conditions can be discovered, thus achieving intelligent management and preventive maintenance of the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of Example 2 of the pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system of the present invention.

[0029] The names corresponding to the marks in the figure are:

[0030] 1. Pipeline monitoring unit; 11. Pipeline; 12. Sensor optical cable; 21. Data remote transmission module; 22. Data receiving module; 3. Data processing and analysis unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Example:

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system includes a pipeline monitoring unit and a data processing and analysis unit. The pipeline monitoring unit includes a pipeline and a distributed optical fiber sensor. The distributed optical fiber sensor is a sensor cable that has been implanted in the pipeline during the pipeline production process. The sensor cable can be fixed to the semi-finished pipeline by bonding, and then encapsulated with a protective layer to form the final pipeline.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the sensing optical cable is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the pipeline. Figure 2 As shown, the sensing optical cable is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the pipeline. There are 4 sensing optical cables, which are distributed at a certain angle around the pipeline. Alternatively, 2 sensing optical cables can be arranged. By arranging multiple sensing optical cables, a more comprehensive monitoring of the pipeline can be achieved.

[0035] The data processing and analysis unit includes a data acquisition preprocessing module, a feature extraction and parameter calculation module, a state assessment and early warning module, and a data storage and management module. The data processing and analysis unit is set in the monitoring center and communicates wirelessly with the pipeline monitoring unit. The monitoring center can correspond to multiple pipeline monitoring units to monitor a certain area or a certain type of pipeline.

[0036] The data acquisition preprocessing module is connected to one end of the sensor optical cable, and is used to collect the optical signal data transmitted by the sensor optical cable in real time, and preprocess the collected data. The preprocessing includes real-time denoising, filtering, and amplification of the collected data to remove interference signals and noise components in the data, improve the quality of the data and the signal-to-noise ratio, and lay the foundation for subsequent accurate analysis.

[0037] The feature extraction and parameter calculation module is used to extract characteristic parameters closely related to pipeline safety and morphology from preprocessed data, such as the rate of change of bending radius, gradient value of strain, spectrum characteristics of optical signals, etc. Combined with the material properties, geometric structure and physical and mechanical model of the pipeline, various state indicators of the pipeline, such as deformation, force, safety factor, etc., are accurately calculated through calculation and model derivation.

[0038] The status assessment and early warning module is used to conduct a comprehensive comparison and comprehensive analysis of the calculated pipeline status indicators and the pre-set multi-dimensional safety thresholds. The safety threshold is determined based on multiple factors such as the pipeline's design standards, material properties, historical operating data, and relevant industry specifications, covering the range of various indicators of the pipeline in normal operation, early warning, and dangerous conditions. When the pipeline's status indicators exceed the safety threshold range, the system will promptly issue corresponding early warning signals based on different risk levels. The early warning signal can be notified to relevant pipeline maintenance personnel, management personnel, and third-party construction units that may be involved in a variety of ways, such as sound and light alarms, SMS notifications, and remote monitoring platform prompts, so that appropriate measures can be taken in a timely manner, such as on-site inspections, repairs and reinforcements, and suspension of construction, to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline.

[0039] The data storage and management module is used to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data. Establish a complete pipeline status database, including basic information of the pipeline (such as pipeline material, diameter, wall thickness, laying location, etc.), historical monitoring data, maintenance records, early warning event records, etc. Through the database management system, data can be easily queried, retrieved, statistically analyzed and data mined, providing rich data support for pipeline maintenance decisions, life prediction, risk assessment and optimization design. For example, by analyzing historical data, the state change rules of the pipeline in different seasons and under different operating conditions can be discovered, and maintenance plans can be formulated in advance; or by comparing the monitoring data of pipelines in different sections, weak links that are prone to problems can be found, and targeted strengthening and improvement can be carried out.

[0040] The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method of the present invention:

[0041] By injecting optical signals of specific wavelength and intensity into the sensing optical cable, and utilizing the physical phenomena of scattering and reflection produced by the interaction of light with the optical fiber material when it is transmitted in the optical fiber, the changes in the optical signal are accurately measured and analyzed, thereby obtaining various status information of the pipeline; the monitoring data obtained by the distributed optical fiber sensor is processed and analyzed using the data processing and analysis unit. When the status indicators of the pipeline exceed the safety threshold range, the system will promptly issue corresponding warning signals according to different risk levels.

[0042] The sensing cable is a distributed optical fiber sensor that can monitor the spatial morphology: based on the change in optical path caused by the bending or displacement of the pipeline when the optical signal is transmitted in the sensing cable, the bending degree and bending direction of the pipeline at different positions and the displacement along the axial direction of the pipeline can be accurately determined through precise time difference measurement and calculation. Combined with multi-point measurement data, a real-time morphological model of the pipeline in three-dimensional space can be constructed to intuitively display the overall shape and direction changes of the pipeline, and timely discover abnormal deformation of the pipeline caused by geological settlement, external extrusion, etc.

[0043] Stress monitoring: When the pipeline is subjected to external forces, the sensing optical cable will produce a small strain, causing the phase and polarization state characteristics of the optical signal to change. Through the precise measurement and analysis of these changes in optical signal characteristics, the magnitude, direction and distribution of the stress on the pipeline can be calculated. Through the precise measurement and analysis of these changes in optical signal characteristics, combined with the relevant theories and calibration models of material mechanics, the magnitude, direction and distribution of the stress on the pipeline can be accurately calculated. Whether it is the annular stress caused by the change in internal pressure of the pipeline, or the axial stress and shear stress generated by external geological effects or third-party construction, they can all be accurately monitored and evaluated, providing key data for the structural strength analysis and safety warning of the pipeline.

[0044] Deformation monitoring: When the pipeline is deformed, the geometric shape and physical properties of the sensing optical cable will change accordingly, which will be directly reflected in the transmission characteristics of the optical signal, such as the intensity attenuation and wavelength drift of the optical signal. By real-time monitoring of these optical signal changes and comparing and analyzing the signals in the normal state, the deformation type, degree and location of the pipeline can be determined, providing accurate information for timely and targeted repair measures;

[0045] Monitoring of the impact of external damage during construction: When there are third-party construction activities near the pipeline, external interferences such as vibration, soil displacement, and mechanical shock generated during the construction process will be transmitted to the pipeline, causing vibration and strain changes in the sensor optical cable. Through dynamic monitoring and analysis of the optical signal in the sensor optical cable, signal processing technology is used to extract characteristic signals related to external damage during construction, such as vibration signals of specific frequencies, abnormal strain peaks, etc. Combined with the preset construction external damage risk assessment model, it can be timely determined whether the construction activities pose a threat to the pipeline, and an early warning signal will be issued when the risk reaches a certain level, reminding relevant departments to take measures to protect the safety of the pipeline.

[0046] The data processing and analysis unit can automatically identify the normal operating status, abnormal status and dangerous status of the pipeline, and automatically adjust the monitoring strategy and warning level according to different status; when the pipeline is operating normally, the system uses a lower sampling frequency and a simple data processing algorithm to monitor and analyze the data to reduce the system's energy consumption and computing resource consumption; when an abnormal pipeline status is detected, the system automatically increases the sampling frequency, starts a complex data analysis model, conducts detailed analysis and diagnosis of the abnormal data, and issues a warning signal in a timely manner.

[0047] The data processing and analysis unit uses its data storage and management module to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data, and can mine and learn historical data to continuously optimize its own monitoring and early warning models.

[0048] The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0049] High real-time and accuracy:

[0050] The use of distributed optical fiber sensing technology can monitor the pipeline status in real time at an extremely high sampling frequency, and can almost instantly capture any slight changes in the pipeline. Since the sensor optical cable is directly implanted inside the pipeline and is closely integrated with the pipeline, the interference of external environmental factors on the sensor signal is avoided, so that the monitoring data can truly and accurately reflect the actual status of the pipeline. Whether it is a slight deformation of the pipeline, a slight change in force, or a subtle impact caused by external damage during construction, it can be detected in a timely and accurate manner, providing a reliable basis for the safety management of the pipeline.

[0051] Strong comprehensive perception ability:

[0052] It can simultaneously conduct comprehensive and integrated monitoring of multiple key aspects of the pipeline, including spatial form, stress, deformation, and external damage during construction. This multi-parameter synchronous monitoring capability can evaluate the safety status of the pipeline from multiple dimensions, avoiding the limitations of single parameter monitoring. Through the correlation and collaborative analysis between different parameters, we can have a deeper understanding of the operating status and potential risks of the pipeline. For example, through the comprehensive analysis of the stress changes and spatial form changes of the pipeline, we can accurately determine whether the cause of pipeline deformation is abnormal internal pressure or external geological effects; through the combination of external damage monitoring of construction and pipeline stress and deformation monitoring, we can timely discover the potential threats to pipeline safety from construction activities, and take effective preventive measures, thereby comprehensively ensuring the safe operation of the pipeline.

[0053] Good long-term stability:

[0054] The prefabrication and implantation of the sensor optical cable during pipeline production ensures the integrated design of the sensor and the pipeline. The sensor and the pipeline become an organic whole and will not loosen, fall off or be damaged due to pipeline vibration, temperature change, fluid impact and other factors. At the same time, the sensor optical cable itself has good durability and stability, and can work continuously and stably throughout the service life of the pipeline without frequent maintenance and replacement, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost and workload of the pipeline monitoring system and improves the reliability and availability of the system.

[0055] Early warning is timely and effective:

[0056] Once any abnormal situation occurs in the pipeline, whether it is excessive stress, excessive deformation or increased risk of external damage during construction, the data processing and analysis unit of the present invention can quickly and accurately identify and issue a warning signal. The transmission method of the warning signal is diversified, and can be set to various forms such as on-site sound and light alarm, remote monitoring platform prompt, and SMS notification of relevant responsible persons according to actual needs and application scenarios, to ensure that relevant personnel can be informed of the abnormal situation of the pipeline at the first time and take corresponding measures to deal with it in time. This timely and effective early warning mechanism can effectively prevent the occurrence of pipeline accidents, control potential safety risks to the minimum range, maximize the safe operation of the pipeline system, and reduce economic losses and environmental pollution caused by pipeline accidents.

[0057] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to those of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system, characterized by: The pipeline monitoring unit includes a pipeline and a distributed optical fiber sensor, wherein the distributed optical fiber sensor is a sensing optical cable that has been implanted in the pipeline during the pipeline production process; Data processing and analysis unit, including data acquisition preprocessing module, feature extraction and parameter calculation module, status assessment and early warning module, data storage and management module; The data acquisition preprocessing module is connected to one end of the sensor optical cable and is used to collect the optical signal data transmitted back by the sensor optical cable in real time and preprocess the collected data; Feature extraction and parameter calculation module, used to extract feature parameters closely related to pipeline safety and morphology from preprocessed data; The status assessment and early warning module is used to conduct a comprehensive comparison and comprehensive analysis of the calculated pipeline status indicators and the pre-set multi-dimensional safety thresholds. When the pipeline status indicators exceed the safety threshold range, the system will promptly issue corresponding early warning signals according to different risk levels; The data storage and management module is used to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data.

2. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The distributed optical fiber sensor can monitor the temperature, strain, deformation and vibration signals of the pipeline.

3. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensing optical cable is spirally wound along the outer circumference of the pipeline.

4. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensing optical cable is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the pipeline.

5. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system according to claim 4 is characterized by: There are at least two sensing optical cables, which are distributed at a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the pipeline.

6. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The preprocessing includes real-time denoising, filtering and amplification of the collected data.

7. A pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method, characterized by: By injecting optical signals of specific wavelength and intensity into the sensor optical cable implanted in the pipeline, and utilizing the physical phenomena of scattering and reflection generated by the interaction of light with the optical fiber material when it is transmitted in the optical fiber, the changes in the optical signal are accurately measured and analyzed, thereby obtaining various status information of the pipeline; the monitoring data obtained by the distributed optical fiber sensor is processed and analyzed using the data processing and analysis unit. When the status indicators of the pipeline exceed the safety threshold range, the system will promptly issue corresponding warning signals according to different risk levels.

8. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sensing optical cable is a distributed optical fiber sensor capable of performing spatial morphology monitoring: based on the optical path change caused by the bending or displacement of the pipeline when the optical signal is transmitted in the sensing optical cable, the bending degree and bending direction of different positions of the pipeline and the displacement along the axial direction of the pipeline can be accurately determined through precise time difference measurement and calculation; Stress monitoring: When the pipeline is subjected to external force, the sensing optical cable will produce a small strain, causing the phase and polarization state characteristics of the optical signal to change. By accurately measuring and analyzing the changes in these optical signal characteristics, the magnitude, direction and distribution of the stress on the pipeline can be calculated; Deformation monitoring: When the pipeline is deformed, the geometric shape and physical properties of the sensing optical cable will change accordingly, which will be directly reflected in the transmission characteristics of the optical signal. By real-time monitoring of these optical signal changes and comparing and analyzing the signals in the normal state, the deformation type, degree and location of the pipeline can be determined, providing accurate information for timely and targeted repair measures; Monitoring of the impact of external damage during construction: When there is third-party construction activity near the pipeline, the vibration, soil displacement, and mechanical impact generated during the construction process will be transmitted to the pipeline, causing vibration and strain changes in the sensor optical cable. Through dynamic monitoring and analysis of the optical signal in the sensor optical cable, combined with the preset construction external damage risk assessment model, it is possible to promptly determine whether the construction activity poses a threat to the pipeline, and issue a warning signal when the risk reaches a certain level, reminding relevant departments to take measures to protect the safety of the pipeline.

9. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method according to claim 7 is characterized by: The data processing and analysis unit can automatically identify the normal operating state, abnormal state and dangerous state of the pipeline, and automatically adjust the monitoring strategy and warning level according to different states; when the pipeline is operating normally, the system adopts a lower sampling frequency and a simple data processing algorithm to monitor and analyze the data to reduce the energy consumption and computing resource consumption of the system; when an abnormal pipeline state is detected, the system automatically increases the sampling frequency, starts a complex data analysis model, performs detailed analysis and diagnosis of the abnormal data, and issues a warning signal in a timely manner.

10. The pipeline safety and morphology self-sensing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data processing and analysis unit utilizes its data storage and management module to classify, store and effectively manage the long-term accumulated monitoring data, and is capable of mining and learning historical data to continuously optimize its own monitoring and early warning model.

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