A permanent magnet motor and magnetic steel fixing structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of motor technology, specifically a permanent magnet motor and a magnetic steel fixing structure, including a housing, a protective mechanism, and a locking mechanism. One end of the housing is connected to a first protective net by bolts, the other end of the housing is connected to an inner end cover by bolts, one end of the inner end cover is connected to an outer end cover by bolts, one end of the housing is provided with a second protective net, the inner wall of the housing is evenly provided with stator punchings, and one end of the housing is connected to fan blades by bearings. The device adopts a built-in heat dissipation method to perform heat dissipation, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency, and can also perform load protection, further improving the safety of the use of the device and reducing losses. At the same time, the device can also perform high-precision and stable self-locking, thereby ensuring the safety and precision of the working parts, and can also improve the no-load cogging torque fluctuation and load torque pulsation fluctuation, further improving the performance of the device, reducing energy consumption losses, and improving operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a permanent magnet motor and a magnetic steel fixing structure. Background Art

[0002] The operating principle of a permanent magnet motor is based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and Ampere's law. Permanent magnets generate a constant magnetic field in the motor. When current flows through the stator winding, a magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnet's magnetic field. According to Ampere's law, a force acts on the current-carrying conductor in the magnetic field. This force generates torque in the motor's rotor, which in turn drives the rotor to rotate, achieving the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0003] Currently, some existing permanent magnet motors are not capable of self-locking. When used in high-tech fields, the motors need to be locked after stopping. External devices are usually used to complete the locking work. This method not only has poor locking accuracy but also increases the cost of use. At the same time, some existing permanent magnet motors are not stable enough during operation, resulting in reduced performance and increased energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet motor and a magnetic steel fixing structure to solve the problem that some of the existing permanent magnet motors are not able to self-lock as mentioned in the above background technology. When the rotor needs to be locked in a special place of use, an external device is usually used to complete the locking work. This method not only affects the efficiency of the motor but also increases the cost of use. At the same time, the locking accuracy is poor, and some existing permanent magnet motors are not stable enough during operation, resulting in reduced performance and increased energy consumption. Through this solution, an internal heat dissipation method is used for heat dissipation, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency, and at the same time, load protection can be performed, further improving the safety of the use of this device and reducing losses. At the same time, this device can also perform high-precision and stable self-locking, thereby ensuring the safety and accuracy of the working parts, and can also improve the no-load cogging torque fluctuation and load torque pulsation fluctuation, further improving the performance of this device, reducing energy consumption losses, and improving operational stability.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a permanent magnet motor and a magnetic steel fixing structure, the permanent magnet motor includes a shell, a protection mechanism and a locking mechanism, one end of the shell is connected to a first protective net by bolts, the other end of the shell is connected to an inner end cover by bolts, one end of the inner end cover is connected to an outer end cover by bolts, one end of the shell is provided with a second protective net, the inner wall of the shell is evenly provided with stator punchings, and both ends of the stator punchings are stepped structures, and the stepped structures are mutually engaged, the outer side of the stator punchings is slidably connected to a limit rod, and the limit rods are all connected to the inner wall of the shell. The stator sheets are fixedly connected, and the middle parts of the stator sheets are all wound with coils. The inside of the shell is provided with rotor sheets. The middle parts of the rotor sheets are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the inner wall of the shell through a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the inner end cover and the outer end cover through a bearing. The outer surfaces of the rotor sheets are all provided with magnetic steel bodies, and air ducts are evenly opened inside the shell. An air inlet is opened at one end of the shell, and the air inlet is connected to one end of the air duct. One end of the shell is connected to a fan blade through a bearing, and one end of the fan blade is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft after passing through the shell.

[0006] Preferably, the protection mechanism includes a protective shell, a Hall current sensor, a controller, a fixed plate, a slide rod, a movable plate, a first push rod, a buckle slot, a first spring, a first wire connector, a second wire connector, a limit slot, a buckle rod, a fixed rod, a torsion spring, a pull piece, a push-pull electromagnet and a cover plate, one end of the shell is fixedly connected to the protective shell, one end of the protective shell is provided with a Hall current sensor, one side of the Hall current sensor is provided with a controller, the middle part of the protective shell is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, both ends of the fixed plate are fixedly connected to two sets of slide rods, and one end of the slide rod is connected to The inner wall of the protective shell is fixedly connected, a movable plate is provided on one side of the fixed plate, and both ends of the movable plate are slidably connected to the sliding rod respectively, a first push rod is connected to the middle of the movable plate, and one end of the first push rod is slidably connected to the protective shell, a buckle groove is provided at both ends of the movable plate, and both ends of the movable plate are fixedly connected to a first spring, and one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell, the first spring is respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the first push rod, a first wire connector is provided in the middle of the fixed plate, a second wire connector is provided in the middle of the movable plate, and the second wire connector is provided One end of the wire connector fits with the inner wall of the first wire connector, and both ends of the fixing plate are provided with a limiting groove, and one side of the limiting groove is inclined. Two sets of buckle rods are provided inside the protective shell, and one end of the buckle rod extends through the limiting groove to the inside of the buckle groove and fits with it. One end of the buckle rod is rotatably connected to the fixing rod, and both ends of the fixing rod are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove. A torsion spring is provided between the fixing rod and the buckle rod, and both ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the buckle rod and the fixing rod respectively. A pull piece is provided on the inner wall of one side of the protective shell, and the inner top of the protective shell The wall is provided with a push-pull electromagnet, and the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is fixedly connected to the pull piece, and both ends of the pull piece are respectively slidably connected to one end of the buckle rod, and the side of the pull piece close to one end is all inclined, and one end of the buckle rod is an inclined surface corresponding to the pull piece, and the end of the pull piece that fits the movable plate is a hook with an inclined surface, and one side of the push-pull electromagnet is an inclined surface adapted to the hook, and one side of the protective shell is connected to a cover plate through a rotating shaft, and the cover plate is located on one side of the first push rod, which can automatically cut off the power supply to avoid damage to the device due to overload, thereby improving safety in use.

[0007] Preferably, the control end of the push-pull electromagnet is electrically connected to an external power supply through a controller and a Hall current sensor, so as to facilitate the operation of the device.

[0008] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking block, a track, a slider, a connecting rod, a first motor, a threaded rod, a locking ring, a gear, a locking slot, an adjusting rod, a first electric push rod, an installation slot, a laser distance sensor, a locking rod, a second electric push rod and a base plate, the inner portion of the outer end cover is slidably connected to the locking block, one end of the outer end cover is symmetrically fixedly connected to the base plate, and the base plates are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft, the side where the locking block and the base plate are close to each other are symmetrically fixedly connected to the track, one end of the track is slidably connected to the slider, one end of the slider is connected to the connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to the base plate and the locking block through a rotating shaft, the middle part of the connecting rod is respectively connected through a rotating shaft, one end of the two groups of the track is provided with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the threaded rod, and one end of the threaded rod is respectively connected to one end of the track through a bearing, the middle part of the threaded rod is respectively connected to the slider through a thread, The middle part of the locking block is connected to a locking ring through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear, and the gear meshes with the inner wall of the locking ring, and three groups of locking grooves are opened inside the locking block, the middle part of the locking ring is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod is located inside one group of locking grooves, and the interior of one group of the locking grooves is connected to a first electric push rod through a bearing, and the output end of the first electric push rod is connected to the adjusting rod through a rotating shaft, and a locking rod is symmetrically fixedly connected to the middle part of the locking ring, and the locking rods are respectively located inside the other two groups of locking grooves, and a second electric push rod is provided inside the two groups of locking grooves, and the output ends of the second electric push rods are respectively fitted with the locking rods, and the two groups of second electric push rods are respectively located on the opposite sides of the two groups of locking rods, and an installation groove is opened on the inner wall of the locking ring, and four groups of laser distance sensors are provided inside the installation groove, and the two outermost groups of laser distance sensors are respectively located at the farthest edges of adjacent teeth of the gear, which can achieve high-precision and stable self-locking.

[0009] Preferably, the control ends of the first motor, the first electric push rod and the locking rod are all electrically connected to an external power supply through a laser distance sensor and a switch, so as to facilitate the operation of the device.

[0010] A magnetic steel structure includes a triangular rod, a triangular slot and a stator slot. The rotor punchings and the magnetic steel body are fixed by an inverted triangular structure. One end of the magnetic steel body is provided with a triangular slot. The interior of the triangular slot is slidably connected to the triangular rod, and one side of the triangular rod is fixedly connected to the rotor punching. The side of the magnetic steel body away from the rotor punching is arc-shaped, and the gaps between the stator punchings are stator slots.

[0011] Preferably, four groups of staggered rectangular grooves are provided at both ends of the arc side of the magnetic steel body, and the rectangular grooves are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the magnetic steel body, and the farther away from the center line of the magnetic steel body, the deeper the depth of the rectangular grooves. The eight side lengths of the four groups of rectangular grooves are L2, L1, L4, L3, L6, L5, L8 and L7 from the outside to the inside, and satisfy L8 < L7 < L6 < L5 < L4 < L3 < L2 < L1. The widths of the four groups of rectangular grooves are B1, B2, B3 and B4 from the outside to the inside, and satisfy B1 < B2 < B3 < B4, and also satisfy L1 / L2×B1≥L3 / L4×B2≥L5 / L6×B3≥L7 / L8×B4, which can eliminate harmonic content.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the magnetic steel body is W1, the longest height of the magnetic steel body is H1, the gap between the inner wall of the stator punching sheet and the outer wall of the magnetic steel body is G, and satisfies W1 / H1=(B1 / G)+(B2 / G)+(B3 / G)+(B4 / G).

[0013] Preferably, the inner diameter of the stator punching sheet is R2, the outer diameter of the stator punching sheet is R4, the inner diameter of the rotating shaft is R3, and the outer diameter of the magnetic steel body is R1, satisfying (R2 / R4)+H1≥(R3 / R1)+2×G.

[0014] Preferably, the height of the triangular bar is H2, the width of the triangular bar on one side away from the rotor punching is T1, and the width of the other side of the triangular bar is T2, satisfying 1.1×(T1 / T2)<H2<1.3×(T1 / T2).

[0015] Preferably, the slot width of the stator slot is W2, and satisfies G / B4≥W1 / H1, in order to reduce the cogging torque and the harmonic content of the back electromotive force.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the stator slots is N1, the number of the magnetic steel bodies is P1, and N1=P1±4, and N1≤12.

[0017] Preferably, the stator punching sheet adopts a block structure, and each block is a stepped structure. Both sides of the stator punching sheet include step one, step two, step three, step four, step five, step six, step seven and step eight. The step one is perpendicular to the outer surface of the stator punching sheet, the step one is perpendicular to the step two, the step two is perpendicular to the step three, the step three is perpendicular to the step four, the step four is perpendicular to the step five, and the step five is perpendicular to the step six. Vertically, the step six is perpendicular to the step seven, the step seven is perpendicular to the step eight, the height of the step two is H5, the height of the step four is H6, the distance between the step two and the step eight is H7, the distance between the step four and the step six is H8, and the shortest distance between the outer wall of the stator punching sheet and the inner wall of the stator slot is H9, among which H5, H6, H7, H8 and H9 satisfy H5 / H6>H8 / H7, and also satisfy 2.5×H7<H9<3.5×H7, which can improve the slot fill rate.

[0018] Preferably, the direction of the magnetic steel body is the same as the direction of the rotor punching sheet, and the magnetic steel body is manufactured by a mold injection molding process.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Since both ends of the arc side of the magnetic steel body are four groups of staggered rectangular slots, and the rectangular slots are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the magnetic steel body, the harmonic content can be eliminated. At the same time, the slot width of the stator slot is W2, and satisfies G / B4≥W1 / H1. The purpose is to reduce the tooth slot torque and reduce the harmonic content of the back electromotive force. The stator punching adopts a block structure, and each block is a stepped structure, which can improve the slot fill rate. During operation, the device has great improvements in the no-load tooth slot torque and load torque pulsation. By comparing with the prior art, the no-load tooth slot torque fluctuation of the present invention is improved by 124%, and the load torque pulsation fluctuation is improved by 279%, thereby further improving the performance of the device, reducing energy loss, and improving operational stability. The device is in operation. During operation, the fan blades and gears can be driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and the outside air can pass through the second protective net into the air duct and the air inlet through the fan blades, and the heat can be taken away by the air ducts evenly distributed inside the shell, thereby cooling the device and improving the service life of the device. At the same time, when the load of the device is too high, the Hall current sensor monitors that the temperature of the first wire joint and the second wire joint is too high and exceeds the safety value. At this time, the controller controls the push-pull electromagnet to work, and moves the pull piece upward to make one end of the buckle rod approach each other. At this time, the other end of the buckle rod no longer buckles the movable plate. At this time, under the action of the first spring, the movable plate is moved away from the fixed plate, and the second wire joint is no longer inside the first wire joint. At this time, the power of the device is cut off, thereby For protection, after power off, the pull piece is reset under the action of the push-pull electromagnet, and the buckle rod is reset under the action of the torsion spring. When the user has completed the maintenance, he lifts the cover and pushes the first push rod. The first push rod drives the movable plate and the second wire connector to move. When the inclined surface of the buckle groove conflicts with the inclined surface of the hook at one end of the buckle rod, the hook at one end of the buckle rod performs a circular motion and compresses the torsion spring at the same time. When a "click" sound is heard, the second wire connector is inserted into the inside of the first wire connector, and the hook at one end of the buckle rod is reset under the action of the torsion spring. At the same time, the hook at one end of the buckle rod completes the engagement with the movable plate, and the first spring is in a stretched state. At this time, the device can continue to work. When the user needs to lock, the rotating shaft drives the gear to stop rotating. At this time, the four The limit groove detects the position of the outer teeth of the gear. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors on the left is greater than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod is extended, and the lock ring is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod until the distance detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors is the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors on the left is less than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod is shortened, and the lock ring is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod until the distance detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors is the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors in the middle is greater than or less than the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors on both sides, the output end of the first electric push rod can be extended or shortened by driving the lock ring to rotate through the adjusting rod, and finally adjusted to the distance detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors is the same.At this time, the tooth positions of the locking ring and the gear are also the same, and then the output ends of the two groups of second electric push rods extend at the same time until they fit into one end of the locking rod. At this time, the output end of the second electric push rod presses against one side of the locking rod. Since the positions of the two groups of second electric push rods are opposite, the position of the locking ring can be locked. Then the output end of the first motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, and the threaded rod can make the slider slide on the surface of the track. The first motor, threaded rod and slider can shorten the distance between one end of the two groups of connecting rods on one side of the locking block, so that the distance between the threaded rod and the locking block can be lengthened, and then the locking block and the locking ring can be pushed to move until the locking ring meshes with the gear. At this time, the locking work is completed, so that the working part can be locked. There is no need for the user to install other locking devices, thereby reducing the cost of use. At the same time, the device can be automatically adjusted to achieve high precision. The locking mechanism ensures the stability and precision of the working parts. When the device needs to work, the first motor drives the threaded rod to reverse. At this time, the slider and the connecting rod can make the locking block move closer to one side of the base plate until the lock ring is no longer engaged with the gear. At the same time, the output end of the second electric push rod is shortened to the shortest position. The first electric push rod drives the adjustment rod and the lock ring to reset to facilitate the next locking operation. The device adopts a built-in heat dissipation method to dissipate heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, it can also perform load protection, further improving the safety of the device and reducing losses. At the same time, the device can also perform high-precision and stable self-locking, thereby ensuring the safety and precision of the working parts, and can also improve the no-load cogging torque fluctuation and load torque pulsation fluctuation, further improving the performance of the device, reducing energy loss, and improving operational stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the air duct and air inlet in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a cross section of the first protective net and the air duct in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional perspective diagram of the protective shell and the cover plate in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional perspective diagram of the buckle groove, the limiting groove and the buckle rod in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of the track, slider and connecting rod in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of the lock ring, the adjustment rod and the locking rod in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the lock ring, laser distance sensor, and locking rod in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a front view of the stator punching sheet, rotor punching sheet and magnetic steel body in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic steel body in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor punching and triangular rod in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stator punching sheet and stator slot in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stator punching sheet in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a comparison diagram of the no-load cogging torque waveforms of the prior art and the technology of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 16 The figure is a comparison diagram of the load torque pulsation waveform of the prior art and the technology of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. housing; 2. first protective net; 3. inner end cover; 4. outer end cover; 5. second protective net; 6. stator punching; 7. limit rod; 8. coil; 9. rotor punching; 10. rotating shaft; 11. magnetic steel body; 12. triangular rod; 13. air duct; 14. air inlet; 15. fan blade; 16. protective housing; 17. Hall current sensor; 18. controller; 19. fixed plate; 20. slide bar; 21. movable plate; 22. first push rod; 23. buckle slot; 24. first spring; 25. first wire connector; 26. second wire connector; 27. limit slot; 28. buckle rod; 29. fixed rod; 30 , torsion spring; 31. Pull piece; 32. Push-pull electromagnet; 33. Cover plate; 34. Lock block; 35. Track; 36. Slider; 37. Connecting rod; 38. First motor; 39. Step eight; 40. Threaded rod; 41. Locking ring; 42. Gear; 43. Locking slot; 44. Adjusting rod; 45. First electric push rod; 46. Mounting slot; 47. Laser distance sensor; 48. Locking rod; 49. Second electric push rod; 50. Bottom plate; 51. Triangular slot; 52. Stator slot; 53. Step one; 54. Step two; 55. Step three; 56. Step four; 57. Step five; 58. Step six; 59. Step seven. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figures 1-16 , an embodiment provided by the present invention:

[0040] A permanent magnet motor and a magnetic steel fixing structure, the permanent magnet motor includes a shell 1, a protection mechanism and a locking mechanism, one end of the shell 1 is connected to a first protective net 2 by bolts, the other end of the shell 1 is connected to an inner end cover 3 by bolts, one end of the inner end cover 3 is connected to an outer end cover 4 by bolts, one end of the shell 1 is provided with a second protective net 5, the inner wall of the shell 1 is evenly provided with stator punchings 6, and both ends of the stator punchings 6 are stepped structures, and the stepped structures are mutually locked, the outer side of the stator punchings 6 is slidably connected to the limit rod 7, and the limit rod 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the middle part of the stator punchings 6 is wrapped with Coil 8, a rotor punching 9 is provided inside the housing 1, a rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotor punching 9, and one end of the rotating shaft 10 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft 10 is connected to the inner end cover 3 and the outer end cover 4 through a bearing, the outer surface of the rotor punching 9 is provided with a magnetic steel body 11, and air ducts 13 are evenly opened inside the housing 1, an air inlet 14 is opened at one end of the housing 1, and the air inlet 14 is connected to one end of the air duct 13, and a fan blade 15 is connected to one end of the housing 1 through a bearing, and one end of the fan blade 15 passes through the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 10;

[0041] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the protection mechanism includes a protective shell 16, a Hall current sensor 17, a controller 18, a fixed plate 19, a slide bar 20, a movable plate 21, a first push rod 22, a buckle slot 23, a first spring 24, a first wire connector 25, a second wire connector 26, a limit slot 27, a buckle bar 28, a fixed rod 29, a torsion spring 30, a pull member 31, a push-pull electromagnet 32 and a cover plate 33. One end of the housing 1 is fixedly connected to the protective shell 16, one end of the protective shell 16 is provided with a Hall current sensor 17, and one side of the Hall current sensor 17 is provided with a controller 18. The middle part of the protective shell 16 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 19, and both ends of the fixed plate 19 are fixedly connected to two sets of slide bars 20, and one end of the slide bars 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the protective shell 16. 16. The movable plate 21 is connected to the protective shell 16 by a first push rod 22 connected to the middle of the movable plate 21, and one end of the first push rod 22 is slidably connected to the protective shell 16. Both ends of the movable plate 21 are provided with a buckle groove 23. Both ends of the movable plate 21 are fixedly connected to a first spring 24, and one end of the first spring 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 16. The first springs 24 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the first push rod 22. A first wire connector 25 is provided in the middle of the fixed plate 19, and a second wire connector 26 is provided in the middle of the movable plate 21, and one end of the second wire connector 26 is fitted with the inner wall of the first wire connector 25. Both ends of the fixed plate 19 are provided with a limiting groove 2 7, and one side of the limiting groove 27 is inclined, two sets of buckle rods 28 are provided inside the protective shell 16, and one end of the buckle rod 28 passes through the limiting groove 27 and extends to the inside of the buckle groove 23 and fits therewith, one end of the buckle rod 28 is rotatably connected to a fixing rod 29, and both ends of the fixing rod 29 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 27, a torsion spring 30 is provided between the fixing rod 29 and the buckle rod 28, and both ends of the torsion spring 30 are respectively fixedly connected to the buckle rod 28 and the fixing rod 29, a pulling piece 31 is provided on the inner wall of one side of the protective shell 16, and a push-pull electromagnet 32 is provided on the inner wall of the top of the protective shell 16, and the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 32 is fixedly connected to the pulling piece 31, and both ends of the pulling piece 31 are respectively slidably connected to one end of the buckle rod 28, and the pulling pieces 31 are close to each other. The side near one end is all beveled, one end of the buckle rod 28 is all beveled corresponding to the pull piece 31, the end of the pull piece 31 that fits the movable plate 21 is all a hook with a bevel, one side of the push-pull electromagnet 32 is a bevel adapted to the hook, one side of the protective shell 16 is connected to a cover plate 33 through a rotating shaft, and the cover plate 33 is located on one side of the first push rod 22. When the load of this device is too high, the temperature of the first wire connector 25 and the second wire connector 26 is monitored by the Hall current sensor 17 and is too high, exceeding the safety value. At this time, the controller 18 controls the push-pull electromagnet 32 to work, the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 32 is shortened, and the incoming pull piece 31 moves up. The bevel of the pull piece 31 conflicts with the bevel of one end of the buckle rod 28, which can make one end of the buckle rod 28 close to each other.At this time, the buckle rod 28 performs a circular motion with the axis of the fixed rod 29 as the center, and the buckle rod 28 compresses the torsion spring 30 until the other end of the buckle rod 28 no longer buckles the movable plate 21. At this time, the movable plate 21 is separated from the fixed plate 19 by the tension of the first spring 24 itself. The stability of the movement of the movable plate 21 can be improved by the four sets of slide bars 20. At the same time, the second wire connector 26 is no longer inside the first wire connector 25. At this time, the device is powered off to protect it. After power off, the pull member 31 is reset under the action of the push-pull electromagnet 32, and the buckle rod 28 is reset under the action of the torsion spring 30. When the user has completed the maintenance, he lifts the cover 33 and pushes The first push rod 22 drives the movable plate 21 and the second wire connector 26 to move. When the inclined surface of the buckle groove 23 contacts the inclined surface of the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28, the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 performs a circular motion and compresses the torsion spring 30. When a "click" sound is heard, the second wire connector 26 is inserted into the interior of the first wire connector 25. The hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 is reset under the action of the torsion spring 30. At the same time, the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 completes the engagement with the movable plate 21. The first spring 24 is in a stretched state. At this time, the device can continue to work and can automatically cut off the power supply to avoid damage to the device due to overload, thereby improving safety in use.

[0042] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9In this embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a locking block 34, a track 35, a slider 36, a connecting rod 37, a first motor 38, a threaded rod 40, a locking ring 41, a gear 42, a locking groove 43, an adjusting rod 44, a first electric push rod 45, a mounting groove 46, a laser distance sensor 47, a locking rod 48, a second electric push rod 49 and a bottom plate 50. The inner part of the outer end cover 4 is slidably connected to the locking block 34, and one end of the outer end cover 4 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom plate 50, and the bottom plates 50 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft 10. The sides where the locking block 34 and the bottom plate 50 are close to each other are symmetrically fixedly connected to the track 35, one end of the track 35 is slidably connected to the slider 36, and one end of the slider 36 is connected to the connecting rod 37 through a rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod 37 The middle parts of the connecting rods 37 are connected to the base plate 50 and the locking block 34 through the rotating shaft. The middle parts of the connecting rods 37 are connected respectively through the rotating shaft. One end of the two sets of tracks 35 is provided with a first motor 38. The output end of the first motor 38 is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 40, and one end of the threaded rod 40 is respectively connected to one end of the track 35 through a bearing. The middle parts of the threaded rods 40 are respectively connected to the slider 36 through a thread. The middle part of the locking block 34 is connected to a locking ring 41 through a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to a gear 42, and the gear 42 is meshed with the inner wall of the locking ring 41. Three sets of locking grooves 43 are opened inside the locking block 34. The middle part of the locking ring 41 is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod 44, and the adjusting rod 44 is located inside a group of locking grooves 43. The interior of the groove 43 is connected to a first electric push rod 45 through a bearing, and the output end of the first electric push rod 45 is connected to the adjusting rod 44 through a rotating shaft. The middle part of the lock ring 41 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a locking rod 48, and the locking rods 48 are respectively located in the interior of the other two groups of lock grooves 43. The interiors of the two groups of lock grooves 43 are both provided with a second electric push rod 49, and the output ends of the second electric push rod 49 are respectively fitted with the locking rod 48. The two groups of second electric push rods 49 are respectively located on the opposite side of the two groups of locking rods 48. The inner wall of the lock ring 41 is provided with a mounting groove 46. Four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are provided inside the mounting groove 46, and the outermost two groups of laser distance sensors 47 are respectively located at the farthest edges of adjacent teeth of the gear 42. When the user needs to lock, When the rotating shaft 10 drives the gear 42 to stop rotating, the four groups of limit grooves 27 detect the position of the outer teeth of the gear 42. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on the left is greater than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod 45 extends, and the lock ring 41 is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod 44 until the distances detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on the left is less than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod 45 shortens, and the lock ring 41 is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod 44 until the distances detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 in the middle is greater than or less than the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on both sides,At this time, the output end of the first electric push rod 45 can be extended or shortened by driving the lock ring 41 to rotate through the adjusting rod 44, and finally adjusted to the same distance detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47. At this time, the tooth position of the lock ring 41 and the gear 42 are also the same. Then the output ends of the two groups of second electric push rods 49 are extended at the same time until they are in contact with one end of the locking rod 48. At this time, the output end of the second electric push rod 49 is against one side of the locking rod 48. Since the positions of the two groups of second electric push rods 49 are opposite, the position of the lock ring 41 can be locked. Then the output end of the first motor 38 drives the threaded rod 40 to rotate, and the threaded rod 40 can make the slider 36 slide on the surface of the track 35. The first motor 38, the threaded rod 40 and the slider 36 can shorten the distance between the two ends of the connecting rods 37 on one side of the locking block 34, so that the threaded rod 40 The distance between the locking block 34 and the locking block 34 becomes longer, thereby pushing the locking block 34 and the locking ring 41 to move until the locking ring 41 engages with the gear 42. At this time, the locking work is completed, so that the working part can be locked, and the user does not need to install other locking devices, thereby reducing the cost of use. At the same time, the device can be automatically adjusted to achieve high-precision locking work and ensure the stability and accuracy of the working part. When the device needs to work, the first motor 38 drives the threaded rod 40 to reverse. At this time, the locking block 34 can be moved closer to one side of the base plate 50 through the slider 36 and the connecting rod 37 until the locking ring 41 no longer engages with the gear 42. At the same time, the output end of the second electric push rod 49 is shortened to the shortest position, and the first electric push rod 45 drives the adjusting rod 44 and the locking ring 41 to reset, so as to facilitate the next locking work, and can achieve high-precision and stable self-locking;

[0043] It should be noted that the control end of the push-pull electromagnet 32 is electrically connected to the external power supply through the controller 18 and the Hall current sensor 17, which facilitates the operation of the device. The control ends of the first motor 38, the first electric push rod 45 and the locking rod 48 are all electrically connected to the external power supply through the laser distance sensor 47 and the switch, which facilitates the operation of the device.

[0044] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 10-16 A permanent magnet motor includes a triangular rod 12, a triangular slot 51 and a stator slot 52. The rotor punching 9 and the magnetic steel body 11 are fixed by an inverted triangle structure. One end of the magnetic steel body 11 is provided with a triangular slot 51. The inside of the triangular slot 51 is slidably connected with the triangular rod 12, and one side of the triangular rod 12 is fixedly connected to the rotor punching 9. The side of the magnetic steel body 11 away from the rotor punching 9 is arc-shaped. The gaps between the stator punchings 6 are stator slots 52.

[0045] It should be noted that four groups of staggered rectangular grooves are provided at both ends of the arc side of the magnetic steel body 11, and the rectangular grooves are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the magnetic steel body 11, and the farther away from the center line of the magnetic steel body 11, the deeper the depth of the rectangular grooves. The eight side lengths of the four groups of rectangular grooves are L2, L1, L4, L3, L6, L5, L8 and L7 from the outside to the inside, and satisfy L8 < L7 < L6 < L5 < L4 < L3 < L2 < L1. The widths of the four groups of rectangular grooves are B1, B2, B3 and B4 from the outside to the inside, and satisfy B1 < B2 < B3 < B4, and also satisfy L1 / L2×B1≥L3 / L4×B2≥L5 / L6×B3≥L7 / L8×B4, which can eliminate In addition to the harmonic content, the width of the magnetic steel body 11 is W1, the maximum height of the magnetic steel body 11 is H1, the gap between the inner wall of the stator punching 6 and the outer wall of the magnetic steel body 11 is G, and satisfies W1 / H1=(B1 / G)+(B2 / G)+(B3 / G)+(B4 / G), the inner diameter of the stator punching 6 is R2, the outer diameter of the stator punching 6 is R4, the inner diameter of the rotating shaft 10 is R3, the outer diameter of the magnetic steel body 11 is R1, and satisfies (R2 / R4)+H1≥(R3 / R1)+2×G, the height of the triangular rod 12 is H2, the width of the triangular rod 12 on the side away from the rotor punching 9 is T1, and the width of the other side of the triangular rod 12 is T2, satisfying 1.1×(T1 / T2)<H2<1.3 × (T1 / T2), the slot width of the stator slot 52 is W2, and satisfies G / B4≥W1 / H1, the purpose is to reduce the tooth slot torque and reduce the harmonic content of the back electromotive force, the number of slots of the stator slot 52 is N1, the number of magnetic steel bodies 11 is P1, satisfying N1=P1±4, and N1≤12, the stator punching 6 adopts a block structure splicing, and each block is a stepped structure, both sides of the stator punching 6 include step one 53, step two 54, step three 55, step four 56, step five 57, step six 58, step seven 59 and step eight 39, step one 53 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the stator punching 6, step one 53 is perpendicular to the step two 54, step two 54 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the stator punching Steps 3 55 are perpendicular to each other, and step 3 55 is perpendicular to step 4 56, step 4 56 is perpendicular to step 5 57, step 57 is perpendicular to step 6 58, step 6 58 is perpendicular to step 7 59, and step 7 59 is perpendicular to step 8 39. The height of step 2 54 is H5, the height of step 4 56 is H6, the distance between step 2 54 and step 8 39 is H7, the distance between step 4 56 and step 6 58 is H8, and the shortest distance between the outer wall of stator punching 6 and the inner wall of stator slot 52 is H9. Among them, H5, H6, H7, H8 and H9 satisfy H5 / H6>H8 / H7, and also satisfy 2.5×H7<H9<3.5×H7, which can improve the slot fill rate. The direction of the magnetic steel body 11 is the same as that of the rotor punching 9. The magnetic steel body 11 is made by mold injection molding process. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The horizontal axis is time, the unit is S, and the vertical axis is torque, the unit is mnm. Figure 15 and Figure 16 It can be seen that compared with the original technology, the patented technology has a significant improvement in no-load cogging torque and load torque pulsation. The no-load cogging torque fluctuation is improved by 124%, and the load torque pulsation fluctuation is improved by 279%, thereby reducing vibration and noise.

[0046] Since both ends of the arc side of the magnetic steel body 11 are four groups of staggered rectangular slots, and the rectangular slots are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the magnetic steel body 11, the harmonic content can be eliminated. At the same time, the slot width of the stator slot 52 is W2, and satisfies G / B4≥W1 / H1. The purpose is to reduce the cogging torque and reduce the harmonic content of the back electromotive force. The stator punching 6 adopts a block structure, and each block is a stepped structure, so as to improve the slot fill rate. During operation, the device has a significant improvement in the no-load cogging torque and load torque pulsation. By comparing with the prior art, the no-load cogging torque fluctuation in the present invention is improved by 124%, and the load torque pulsation fluctuation is improved by 279%, thereby further improving the performance of the device, reducing energy loss, and improving operational stability. When the device is running, the rotating shaft 10 can drive the fan blades 15 and the gear 42 to rotate, and the fan blades 15 generate suction on the side close to the shell 1. After the outside air passes through the fan blades 15 through the suction, it enters the air duct 13 and the air inlet 14 through the second protective net 5. When the external air passes through the air duct 13 and the air inlet 14, heat is transferred between the shell 1 and the air duct 13 evenly distributed inside the shell 1, thereby reducing the heat generated by the device and taking it away, thereby achieving a cooling effect and improving the service life of the device. At the same time, when the load of the device is too high, the Hall current sensor 17 monitors that the temperature of the first wire connector 25 and the second wire connector 26 is too high and exceeds the safety value. At this time, the controller 18 controls the push-pull electromagnet 32 to work, and the push-pull electromagnet 32 The output end of the pull member 31 is shortened, and the incoming pull member 31 moves up. The inclined surface of the pull member 31 conflicts with the inclined surface of one end of the buckle rod 28, which can make one end of the buckle rod 28 approach each other. At this time, the buckle rod 28 performs a circular motion with the axis of the fixed rod 29 as the center, and the buckle rod 28 compresses the torsion spring 30 until the other end of the buckle rod 28 no longer buckles the movable plate 21. At this time, under the action of the tension of the first spring 24 itself, the movable plate 21 is moved away from the fixed plate 19. The stability of the movement of the movable plate 21 can be improved by the four sets of sliding rods 20. At the same time, the second wire connector 26 is no longer inside the first wire connector 25. At this time, the device is powered off, thereby protecting it. After power off, the pull member 31 is reset under the action of the push-pull electromagnet 32, and the buckle rod 28 is reset under the torsion spring When the user has finished the maintenance, he lifts the cover plate 33 and pushes the first push rod 22. The first push rod 22 drives the movable plate 21 and the second wire connector 26 to move. When the inclined surface of the buckle groove 23 contacts the inclined surface of the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28, the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 performs a circular motion and compresses the torsion spring 30. When a "click" sound is heard, the second wire connector 26 is inserted into the inside of the first wire connector 25. The hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 is reset under the action of the torsion spring 30. At the same time, the hook at one end of the buckle rod 28 completes the engagement with the movable plate 21. The first spring 24 is in a stretched state. At this time, the device can continue to work. When the user needs to lock, the rotating shaft 10 drives the gear 42 to stop rotating.At this time, the four groups of limit slots 27 detect the position of the outer teeth of the gear 42. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on the left is greater than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod 45 is extended, and the lock ring 41 is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod 44 until the distances detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on the left is less than that of the other two groups, the output end of the first electric push rod 45 is shortened, and the lock ring 41 is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod 44 until the distances detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are the same. When the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 in the middle is greater than or less than the distance detected by the two groups of laser distance sensors 47 on both sides, the first electric push rod 45 is shortened, and the lock ring 41 is driven to rotate through the adjusting rod 44 until the distances detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47 are the same. The output end of an electric push rod 45 can be extended or shortened by driving the lock ring 41 to rotate through the adjusting rod 44, and finally adjusted to the same distance detected by the four groups of laser distance sensors 47. At this time, the tooth positions of the lock ring 41 and the gear 42 are also the same. Then the output ends of the two groups of second electric push rods 49 are extended at the same time until they fit into one end of the locking rod 48. At this time, the output end of the second electric push rod 49 presses against one side of the locking rod 48. Since the positions of the two groups of second electric push rods 49 are opposite, the position of the lock ring 41 can be locked. Then the output end of the first motor 38 drives the threaded rod 40 to rotate, and the threaded rod 40 can make the slider 36 slide on the surface of the track 35. 0 and the slider 36 can shorten the distance between one end of the two groups of connecting rods 37 on one side of the locking block 34, thereby lengthening the distance between the threaded rod 40 and the locking block 34, and then pushing the locking block 34 and the locking ring 41 to move until the locking ring 41 engages with the gear 42. At this time, the locking work is completed, so that the working part can be locked, and the user does not need to install other locking devices, thereby reducing the cost of use. At the same time, the device can be automatically adjusted to achieve high-precision locking work, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the working part. When the device needs to work, the first motor 38 drives the threaded rod 40 to reverse. At this time, the locking block 34 can be moved closer to one side of the base plate 50 through the slider 36 and the connecting rod 37. Until the lock ring 41 is no longer engaged with the gear 42, and the output end of the second electric push rod 49 is shortened to the shortest position, the first electric push rod 45 drives the adjustment rod 44 and the lock ring 41 to reset, so as to facilitate the next locking operation. This device adopts a built-in heat dissipation method to perform heat dissipation work, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency and also providing load protection, further improving the safety of the device and reducing losses. At the same time, this device can also perform high-precision and stable self-locking, thereby ensuring the safety and precision of the working parts, and can also improve the no-load cogging torque fluctuation and load torque pulsation fluctuation, further improving the performance of the device, reducing energy consumption loss, improving operational stability, and reducing vibration and noise.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), a protection mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein one end of the housing (1) is connected to a first protection net (2) via a bolt, the other end of the housing (1) is connected to an inner end cover (3) via a bolt, one end of the inner end cover (3) is connected to an outer end cover (4) via a bolt, a rotor punching (9) is provided inside the housing (1), a rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotor punching (9), one end of the rotating shaft (10) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (1) via a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft (10) is connected to the inner end cover (3) and the outer end cover (4) via a bearing; The protection mechanism comprises a protective shell (16), and one end of the housing (1) is fixedly connected to the protective shell (16); The locking mechanism comprises a locking block (34), a track (35), a slider (36), a connecting rod (37), a first motor (38), a threaded rod (40), a locking ring (41), a gear (42), a locking slot (43), an adjusting rod (44), a first electric push rod (45), a mounting slot (46), a laser distance sensor (47), a locking rod (48), a second electric push rod (49) and a bottom plate (50). The inner portion of the outer end cover (4) is slidably connected to the locking block (34), one end of the outer end cover (4) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom plate (50), and the bottom plate (50) is respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft (10). The locking block (34) and the bottom plate (50) are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft (10). 0) are symmetrically fixedly connected to a track (35) on one side close to each other, one end of the track (35) is slidably connected to a slider (36), one end of the slider (36) is connected to a connecting rod (37) through a rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod (37) is connected to the bottom plate (50) and the locking block (34) through a rotating shaft, the middle parts of the two connecting rods (37) are connected through a rotating shaft, one end of the two groups of tracks (35) is respectively provided with a first motor (38), the output end of the first motor (38) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (40), and one end of the threaded rod (40) is respectively connected to one end of the track (35) through a bearing, and the middle of the threaded rod (40) is connected to the bottom plate (50) and the locking block (34). The locking block (34) is connected to the slider (36) through a thread, the middle of the locking block (34) is connected to a locking ring (41) through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to a gear (42), and the gear (42) is meshed with the inner wall of the locking ring (41), three groups of locking grooves (43) are opened inside the locking block (34), the middle of the locking ring (41) is fixedly connected to an adjusting rod (44), and the adjusting rod (44) is located inside a group of locking grooves (43), the inside of the group of locking grooves (43) is connected to a first electric push rod (45) through a bearing, and the output end of the first electric push rod (45) is connected to the adjusting rod (44) through a rotating shaft, the locking ring (4 1) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the middle of the locking ring (41), and the locking rods (48) are respectively located inside the other two groups of locking grooves (43), and the other two groups of locking grooves (43) are provided with second electric push rods (49), and the output ends of the second electric push rods (49) are respectively fitted with the locking rods (48), and the two groups of the second electric push rods (49) are respectively located on the opposite side of the two groups of locking rods (48), and the inner wall of the locking ring (41) is provided with a mounting groove (46), and the inside of the mounting groove (46) is provided with four groups of laser distance sensors (47), and the outermost two groups of laser distance sensors (47) are respectively located at the farthest edges of adjacent teeth of the gear (42).

2. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection mechanism further comprises a Hall current sensor (17), a controller (18), a fixed plate (19), a slide bar (20), a movable plate (21), a first push rod (22), a buckle slot (23), a first spring (24), a first wire joint (25), a second wire joint (26), a limit slot (27), a buckle bar (28), a fixed rod (29), a torsion spring (30), a pull member (31), a push-pull electromagnet (32) and a cover plate (33). One end of the protection shell (16) is provided with a Hall current sensor (17), one side of the Hall current sensor (17) is provided with a controller (18), the middle of the protection shell (16) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (19), and both ends of the fixed plate (19) are fixedly connected to the fixed plate (19). Two sets of slide rods (20) are connected, and one end of the slide rod (20) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (16). A movable plate (21) is provided on one side of the fixed plate (19), and both ends of the movable plate (21) are respectively slidably connected to the slide rod (20). The middle of the movable plate (21) is connected to a first push rod (22), and one end of the first push rod (22) is slidably connected to the protective shell (16). Buckle grooves (23) are provided at both ends of the movable plate (21). Both ends of the movable plate (21) are fixedly connected to a first spring (24), and one end of the first spring (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (16). The first spring (24) is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the first push rod (22). The fixed plate (19) A first wire connector (25) is provided in the middle of the movable plate (21), a second wire connector (26) is provided in the middle of the movable plate (21), and one end of the second wire connector (26) is fitted with the inner wall of the first wire connector (25), both ends of the fixed plate (19) are provided with a limiting groove (27), and one side of the limiting groove (27) is in the shape of an inclined plane, two sets of buckle rods (28) are provided inside the protective shell (16), and one end of the buckle rod (28) passes through the limiting groove (27) and extends to the inside of the buckle groove (23) and fits therewith, one end of the buckle rod (28) is rotatably connected to the fixing rod (29), and both ends of the fixing rod (29) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (27), and a fixing rod (29) and a buckle rod (28) are provided between the fixing rod (29) and the buckle rod (28). A torsion spring (30), and both ends of the torsion spring (30) are fixedly connected to the buckle rod (28) and the fixed rod (29), respectively; a pull piece (31) is provided on the inner wall of one side of the protective shell (16), and a push-pull electromagnet (32) is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the protective shell (16), and the output end of the push-pull electromagnet (32) is fixedly connected to the pull piece (31), and both ends of the pull piece (31) are slidably connected to one end of the buckle rod (28), and one side of the pull piece (31) close to one end is in the shape of an inclined plane, and one end of the buckle rod (28) is an inclined plane corresponding to the pull piece (31), and the end of the buckle rod (28) that fits the movable plate (21) is a hook with an inclined plane, and one side of the buckle groove (23) is an inclined plane adapted to the hook,One side of the protective shell (16) is connected to a cover plate (33) via a rotating shaft, and the cover plate (33) is located on one side of the first push rod (22).

3. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control end of the push-pull electromagnet (32) is electrically connected to an external power supply via a controller (18) and a Hall current sensor (17).

4. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control ends of the first motor (38), the first electric push rod (45) and the locking rod (48) are electrically connected to an external power supply via a laser distance sensor (47) and a switch.

5. A magnetic steel fixing structure for a permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a triangular rod (12), a triangular slot (51) and a stator slot (52), one end of the shell (1) is provided with a second protective net (5), the inner wall of the shell (1) is evenly provided with stator punching sheets (6), and both ends of the stator punching sheets (6) are stepped structures, and the stepped structures are interlocked, the outer side of the stator punching sheets (6) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (7), and the limiting rod (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), the middle part of the stator punching sheets (6) is wound with a coil (8), the outer surface of the rotor punching sheets (9) is provided with a magnetic steel body (11), the interior of the shell (1) is evenly provided with air ducts (13), and one end of the shell (1) is provided with an air inlet (14). ), and the air inlet (14) is connected to one end of the air duct (13), one end of the housing (1) is connected to a fan blade (15) through a bearing, and one end of the fan blade (15) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (10) after passing through the housing (1), the rotor punching (9) and the magnetic steel body (11) are fixed by an inverted triangle structure, one end of the magnetic steel body (11) is provided with a triangular groove (51), the interior of the triangular groove (51) is fixedly connected to a triangular rod (12), and one side of the triangular rod (12) is fixedly connected to the rotor punching (9), the side of the magnetic steel body (11) away from the rotor punching (9) is in an arc shape, and the gap between the stator punchings (6) is a stator slot (52).

6. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four groups of staggered rectangular grooves are provided at both ends of the arc side of the magnetic steel body (11), and the rectangular grooves are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the magnetic steel body (11), and the farther away from the center line of the magnetic steel body (11), the deeper the depth of the rectangular grooves. The lengths of the eight sides of the four groups of rectangular grooves from the outside to the inside are L2, L1, L4, L3, L6, L5, L8 and L7, and meet L8<L7<L6<L5<L4<L3<L2<L1. The widths of the four groups of rectangular grooves from the outside to the inside are B1, B2, B3 and B4, and meet B1<B2<B3<B4, and also meet L1 / L2×B1≥L3 / L4×B2≥L5 / L6×B3≥L7 / L8×B4.

7. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the magnetic steel body (11) is W1, the maximum height of the magnetic steel body (11) is H1, the gap between the inner wall of the stator punching sheet (6) and the outer wall of the magnetic steel body (11) is G, and W1 / H1=(B1 / G)+(B2 / G)+(B3 / G)+(B4 / G) is satisfied.

8. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the stator punching sheet (6) is R2, the outer diameter of the stator punching sheet (6) is R4, the inner diameter of the rotating shaft (10) is R3, and the outer diameter of the magnetic steel body (11) is R1, satisfying (R2 / R4)+H1≥(R3 / R1)+2×G.

9. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slot width of the stator slot (52) is W2, and satisfies G / B4≥W1 / H1.

10. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the stator slots (52) is N1, and the number of the magnetic steel bodies (11) is P1, satisfying N1=P1+4, and N1≤12.

11. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stator punching sheet (6) is spliced in a block structure, and each block is a stepped structure. Both sides of the stator punching sheet (6) include step one (53), step two (54), step three (55), step four (56), step five (57), step six (58), step seven (59) and step eight (39). The step one (53) is perpendicular to the outer surface of the stator punching sheet (6), the step one (53) is perpendicular to the step two (54), the step two (54) is perpendicular to the step three (55), the step three (55) is perpendicular to the step four (56), the step four (56) is perpendicular to the step five (57), and the Step five (57) is perpendicular to step six (58), step six (58) is perpendicular to step seven (59), step seven (59) is perpendicular to step eight (39), the height of step two (54) is H5, the height of step four (56) is H6, the distance between step two (54) and step eight (39) is H7, the distance between step four (56) and step six (58) is H8, and the shortest distance between the outer wall of the stator punching sheet (6) and the inner wall of the stator slot (52) is H9, wherein H5, H6, H7, H8 and H9 satisfy H5 / H6>H8 / H7, and also satisfy 2.5×H7<H9<3.5×H7.

12. The magnetic steel fixing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial direction of the magnetic steel body (11) is the same as the axial direction of the rotor punching sheet (9), and the magnetic steel body (11) is manufactured using a mold injection molding process.

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