Friction nanometer generator and power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, and provides a friction nanometer generator and a power generation system.The friction nanometer generator comprises a thermo-acoustic engine used for converting heat energy into acoustic energy; the turbine is arranged in the thermo-acoustic engine; and the friction nano-generator body is connected with the output end of the turbine. According to the friction nano-generator and the power generation system provided by the invention, heat is converted into mechanical energy in a sound wave form through the thermo-acoustic heat engine by utilizing a thermal acoustic effect to be output, and the turbine converts reciprocating flow of a working medium into one-way rotation of the blades by virtue of a two-way turbine, so that rotation shaft work in a single direction is output; the friction nanometer generator body is used for converting mechanical energy of the turbine into electric energy to be output, thermal driving power generation is achieved, and system components adopted by the invention are simple in structure, stable in operation and high in reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to a friction nanogenerator and a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generators are divided into DC generators and AC generators according to the power source used. Most of the generators in the power system are AC motors, and they are synchronous motors.

[0003] Nanogenerators are nanogenerators based on regular zinc oxide nanowires. They convert mechanical energy into electrical energy within the nanometer range and are the smallest generators in the world. Currently, nanogenerators can be divided into three categories.

[0004] One is the piezoelectric nanogenerator, which is a micro-generator that uses the piezoelectric and semiconductor properties of special nanomaterials (zinc oxide) to convert the mechanical energy of bending and compression into electrical energy. Another is the friction nanogenerator, which is a micro-motor that uses two materials with different electron binding abilities to gain or lose electrons when in contact with each other to generate current in an external circuit.

[0005] Most of the friction nanogenerators in the existing technology are electrically driven. However, in the context of increasingly tight energy supply, how to provide a new energy driving method is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a friction nanogenerator and a power generation system to solve the defect that the friction nanogenerator body in the prior art is electrically driven, which is not environmentally friendly. The two high-efficiency energy conversion forms of thermoacoustic heat engine and friction nanogenerator are combined through a turbine to improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0007] The present invention provides a friction nanogenerator, comprising:

[0008] Thermoacoustic heat engines, used to convert thermal energy into acoustic energy;

[0009] A turbine is arranged inside the thermoacoustic heat engine;

[0010] The friction nanogenerator body is connected to the output end of the turbine.

[0011] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the thermoacoustic heat engine comprises:

[0012] A resonance tube, in which a gas working medium flows;

[0013] A high-temperature heat exchanger, a regenerator and a room-temperature heat exchanger are sequentially arranged inside the resonance tube along the flow direction of the gas working medium;

[0014] A high-temperature fluid pipeline passes through the interior of the high-temperature heat exchanger;

[0015] A cooling fluid pipeline passes through the interior of the room temperature heat exchanger;

[0016] And the turbine is located downstream of the room temperature heat exchanger.

[0017] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the turbine is a bidirectional turbine.

[0018] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the turbine comprises:

[0019] A first turbine guide vane and a second turbine guide vane are fixedly arranged inside the resonance tube, and the first turbine guide vane and the second turbine guide vane have opposite guiding directions;

[0020] The bidirectional turbine moving blade is rotatably arranged inside the resonance tube and is located between the first turbine guide blade and the second turbine guide blade; and the output end of the bidirectional turbine moving blade is connected to the friction nanogenerator body.

[0021] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the friction nanogenerator body is a wheel-disk type friction nanogenerator.

[0022] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, a valve is provided on the high-temperature fluid pipeline.

[0023] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the valve is a flow valve.

[0024] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the wheel-disk friction nanogenerator includes a stator and a mover, the stator and the mover are coaxial and their surfaces are in contact with each other, and the mover rotates synchronously with the bidirectional turbine moving blades.

[0025] According to a friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention, the resonance tube includes one of a traveling wave resonance tube, a standing wave resonance tube, and a traveling standing wave resonance tube.

[0026] The present invention also provides a power generation system, comprising the friction nanogenerator as described in any one of the above items.

[0027] The friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention converts heat into mechanical energy output in the form of sound waves by using the thermoacoustic effect through a thermoacoustic heat engine. The turbine converts the reciprocating flow of the working fluid into the unidirectional rotation of the blades by means of the turbine, outputting the rotating shaft work in a single direction, and converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy output by using the friction nanogenerator, thereby realizing heat-driven power generation. The machine components used in the present invention have a simple structure, stable operation and high reliability.

[0028] The power generation system provided by the present invention has the various advantages as described above because it includes the friction nanogenerator as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stator of the friction-type nanogenerator provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mover of a friction-type nanogenerator provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the power generation principle of the friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention;

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Thermoacoustic heat engine; 2. Turbine engine; 3. Friction nanogenerator body;

[0036] 11. Resonance tube; 12. High-temperature heat exchanger; 13. Regenerator; 14. Room-temperature heat exchanger; 15. High-temperature fluid pipeline; 16. Cooling fluid pipeline; 17. Valve;

[0037] 21. First turbine guide vane; 22. Second turbine guide vane; 23. Bidirectional turbine moving blade;

[0038] 31. Stator; 32. Mover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] Combine the following Figures 1 to 4 The triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention is described.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a friction nanogenerator, including a thermoacoustic heat engine 1, a turbine 2 and a friction nanogenerator body 3. The thermoacoustic heat engine 1 is a device for efficiently converting heat energy into sound energy. Its essence is to use the thermoacoustic effect to convert heat into mechanical energy output in the form of sound waves. The thermoacoustic generator has good adaptability to the temperature of the heat source, and is applicable to both high-temperature heat sources and medium and low-temperature preheating resources, with high energy utilization. The turbine 2 is arranged inside the thermoacoustic heat engine 1. The turbine 2 can work in a reciprocating fluid. It relies on the turbine to convert the reciprocating flow of the working fluid into a unidirectional rotation of the blades, and outputs a single-direction rotating shaft work. The friction nanogenerator body 3 is connected to the output end of the turbine 2. The sliding friction electrification effect means that under the action of external force, the relative sliding between the two contact surfaces will generate dense friction charges, and then the periodic change of the contact area of ​​the two surfaces will cause the lateral separation of the charge center, generating an electric potential difference. The friction nanogenerator body 3 can make good use of the rotational energy. It has the advantages of simple structure, stable output, high efficiency, high energy conversion rate, etc. It can collect various rotational motion energies, such as wind energy, water energy, transmission shaft, etc. In addition, the friction nanogenerator body 3 can be combined with various forms of power generation devices or power devices to form a hybrid power generation device, which is widely used.

[0043] The present invention combines a thermoacoustic heat engine with a friction nanogenerator body to achieve efficient heat-to-electricity conversion. Specifically, the conversion of reciprocating mechanical energy in the form of heat energy-sound waves is achieved through the thermoacoustic effect; the reciprocating mechanical energy is converted into single-direction rotating shaft work for output by a turbine; the single-direction rotating shaft work is used to drive the rotor part of the friction nanogenerator body 3 to rotate, and electrical energy output is generated based on the friction electrification effect, thereby achieving heat-to-force-to-electricity energy conversion. Compared with the traditional thermoacoustic generator, the outstanding feature of the present invention is that a stable and efficient wheel-type friction nanogenerator is used as a mechanical energy-to-electricity conversion system to achieve efficient conversion of heat energy to electrical energy. The present invention utilizes the thermoacoustic effect to convert heat energy into mechanical energy, and then utilizes the principle of friction power generation to utilize the generated mechanical energy to drive the friction nanogenerator to generate electricity. The two highly efficient energy conversion forms of the thermoacoustic heat engine and the friction nanogenerator body 3 are combined by the turbine 2 to improve the heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency. In addition, the new heat-to-electricity conversion method proposed by the present invention has a simple structure of system components, stable operation, and high reliability compared with traditional thermal power generators.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the thermoacoustic heat engine 1 includes a resonance tube 11, a high-temperature heat exchanger 12, a regenerator 13, a room-temperature heat exchanger 14, a high-temperature fluid pipeline 15 and a cooling fluid pipeline 16. A gas medium flows inside the resonance tube 11, which can optimize the sound field distribution of the thermoacoustic engine, reduce the viscous flow loss of the thermoacoustic regenerator, suppress the nonlinear effect in the pipeline, improve the engine's adaptive ability, and achieve the purpose of improving the heat-to-work conversion efficiency. The high-temperature heat exchanger 12, the regenerator 13 and the room-temperature heat exchanger 14 are sequentially arranged inside the resonance tube 11 along the flow direction of the gas medium; the high-temperature fluid pipeline 15 passes through the inside of the high-temperature heat exchanger 12; the cooling fluid pipeline 16 passes through the inside of the room-temperature heat exchanger 14; and the turbine 2 is located downstream of the room-temperature heat exchanger 14.

[0045] When a certain amount of heat is input and output through the high-temperature heat exchanger 12 and the room-temperature heat exchanger 14, the gas working medium in the regenerator 13 will establish a temperature gradient. When the temperature gradient exceeds a certain value, the gas in the system will oscillate and make reciprocating motion. When the reciprocating gas flows through the turbine 2 along the resonance tube 11, it will push the turbine 2 to rotate in a single direction, thereby outputting rotating shaft work. The shaft work drives the rotor of the friction nanogenerator body 3 to rotate through the shaft, and moves relative to the stator. Through the friction electrification effect, the electric output is realized through the load.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the turbine 2 is a bidirectional turbine. The bidirectional turbine can work in a reciprocating fluid, and it relies on the turbine to convert the reciprocating flow of the working fluid into a unidirectional rotation of the blades, and outputs a single-direction rotating shaft work. The bidirectional turbine has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, high efficiency, and a wide range of applications. In the thermoacoustic generator, the mechanical energy of the reciprocating fluid can be converted into a single-direction shaft work, and the generator can be used to stably output electrical energy.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the turbine machine 2 includes a first turbine guide vane 21, a second turbine guide vane 22 and a bidirectional turbine moving blade 23. The first turbine guide vane 21 and the second turbine guide vane 22 are fixedly arranged inside the resonance tube 11, and the guide directions of the first turbine guide vane 21 and the second turbine guide vane 22 are opposite; the bidirectional turbine moving blade 23 is rotatably arranged inside the resonance tube 11, and is located between the first turbine guide vane 21 and the second turbine guide vane 22; and the output end of the bidirectional turbine moving blade 23 is connected to the friction nanogenerator body 3.

[0048] When the reciprocating gas flows through the turbine 2 along the resonance tube, the first turbine guide vane 21 and the second turbine guide vane 22 will push the bidirectional turbine moving blade 23 to rotate in a single direction, thereby outputting rotating shaft work.

[0049] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the friction nanogenerator body 3 is a disk-type friction nanogenerator, which can better utilize rotational energy and has the advantages of simple structure, stable output, high efficiency, etc.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, a valve 17 is provided on the high-temperature fluid pipeline 15. Since the power generation of the friction nanogenerator body 3 is positively correlated with the intensity of the gas oscillation, the valve 17 is provided to control the flow rate of the high-temperature thermal fluid, affect the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchanger 12, and then affect the intensity of the acoustic oscillation, change the rotation speed of the two-way turbine moving blades 23 and the rotor part of the disc-type friction nanogenerator, and thus adjust the power output. Among them, the valve 17 is a flow valve.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the friction nanogenerator body 3 includes a stator 31 and a mover 32, the stator 31 and the mover 32 are coaxial and contact each other on the surface, and the mover 32 rotates synchronously with the bidirectional turbine moving blade 23. The stator 31 of the friction nanogenerator body 3 is generally made of metal (copper, etc.), and the mover 32 is made of a dielectric material film (FEP, KAPTON, PTFE, etc.), with a thickness of tens of microns to hundreds of microns. The stator 31 and the mover 32 are coaxial and contact each other on the surface.

[0052] Its power generation principle is as follows Figure 4 As shown. There are three states of charge distribution in the materials of stator 31 and mover 32, namely, contacting only the external circuit, contacting only the internal circuit, and contacting both the internal and external circuits. When contacting both the internal and external circuits (middle state), there will be current output. Therefore, through rotation, the FEP film on the mover 32 periodically rubs the internal and external circuits of the stator to generate alternating current.

[0053] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the resonance tube 11 includes one of a traveling wave resonance tube, a standing wave resonance tube, and a traveling standing wave resonance tube. Resonance tubes of other structural forms may also be used.

[0054] The working process of the present invention is that the high-temperature fluid pipeline 15 is used to transport the high-temperature fluid to the high-temperature heat exchanger 12, and the heat is transferred to the internal gas through the solid wall surface. The valve 17 is used to control the flow of the high-temperature fluid and then control the output electrical energy. The regenerator 13 is used to convert thermal energy into acoustic energy, and the remaining heat is exchanged to the cold fluid in the cooling fluid pipeline 16 through the room temperature heat exchanger 14, so as to maintain the temperature gradient of the regenerator 13. The first turbine guide vane 21 and the second turbine guide vane 22 are used for gas diversion, converting the flow of the reciprocating fluid into a single direction, and driving the shaft of the bidirectional turbine moving blade 23 to be connected, and its mover 32 rotates with the turbine 2, and the stator 31 is fixed. The sliding friction effect on the surface of the stator 31 and the mover 32 generates dense charges, and then the electric energy is derived by the external circuit.

[0055] In summary, the present invention constructs a friction nanogenerator based on thermoacoustic drive, which uses high-temperature heat to generate acoustic oscillations to drive a bidirectional turbine to rotate in a single direction and output shaft work.

[0056] The frequency of the system is determined by the working fluid characteristics (mainly the speed of sound) and the length of the resonance tube 11. Theoretically, the frequency range of the output pressure wave can be in the range of several Hz to thousands of Hz.

[0057] The power generation system provided by the present invention is described below. The power generation system described below and the friction nanogenerator described above can be referenced to each other.

[0058] A second aspect of the present invention provides a power generation system, comprising a friction nanogenerator as described in any one of the above items.

[0059] The power generation system provided by the present invention includes the friction nanogenerator as described above, thus constructing a friction nanogenerator based on thermoacoustic drive, using high-temperature heat to generate acoustic oscillations to drive the bidirectional turbine to rotate in a single direction and output shaft work. The present invention couples the thermoacoustic heat engine 1 that can efficiently convert energy and the friction nanogenerator body 3, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or modes described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or modes, without contradiction.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: A thermoacoustic heat engine (1) for converting thermal energy into acoustic energy; A turbine (2) arranged inside the thermoacoustic heat engine (1); The friction nanogenerator body (3) is connected to the output end of the turbine (2).

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoacoustic heat engine (1) comprises: A resonance tube (11) having a gas working medium flowing therein; A high-temperature heat exchanger (12), a heat regenerator (13) and a room-temperature heat exchanger (14) are sequentially arranged inside the resonance tube (11) along the flow direction of the gas working medium; A high-temperature fluid pipeline (15) passes through the interior of the high-temperature heat exchanger (12); A cooling fluid pipeline (16) passes through the interior of the room temperature heat exchanger (14); Furthermore, the turbine (2) is located downstream of the room temperature heat exchanger (14).

3. The friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turbine (2) is a bidirectional turbine.

4. The friction nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turbine (2) comprises: A first turbine guide vane (21) and a second turbine guide vane (22) are fixedly arranged inside the resonance tube (11), and the guide directions of the first turbine guide vane (21) and the second turbine guide vane (22) are opposite; The bidirectional turbine moving blade (23) is rotatably arranged inside the resonance tube (11) and is located between the first turbine guide blade (21) and the second turbine guide blade (22); and the output end of the bidirectional turbine moving blade (23) is connected to the friction nanogenerator body (3).

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator body (3) is a wheel-disk type friction nanogenerator.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature fluid pipeline (15) is provided with a valve (17).

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve (17) is a flow valve.

8. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator body (3) comprises a stator (31) and a mover (32); the stator (31) and the mover (32) are coaxial and their surfaces are in contact with each other; and the mover (32) rotates synchronously with the bidirectional turbine moving blades (23).

9. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The resonance tube (11) comprises one of a traveling wave resonance tube, a standing wave resonance tube and a traveling standing wave resonance tube.

10. A power generation system, characterized in that: It comprises the friction nanogenerator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images