Alpine sand plant root system synergistic sand stabilization method based on microenvironment regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses an alpine sand plant root system synergistic sand stabilization method based on microenvironment regulation and control, and belongs to the technical field of vegetation restoration, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out on-site investigation and evaluation on a selected alpine sand area; s2, carrying out block division and selecting proper plant species; s3, digging planting holes in the blocks; s4, charcoal and corresponding soil improvement materials are prepared according to the soil investigation result, proper watering is conducted, and backfilling is conducted after water permeates; s5, straw checks are pricked in the backfilled planting holes, and the middles of the straw checks are covered with mulching films; s6, after the soil is unfrozen in the next year, the planting holes are dug for seedling transplanting; and S7, regularly checking the growth condition of the nursery stock. Growth of plant root systems is focused on, the plant root systems can rapidly take roots and enlarge root net coverage under atrocious weather conditions by regulating and controlling the microenvironment around the plant root systems, the nutrient circulation efficiency and structural stability of soil are further improved, and a powerful guarantee is provided for vegetation growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetation restoration, and in particular relates to a method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in alpine sandy lands based on microenvironment regulation. Background Art

[0002] Due to the cold climate, strong wind and scarce vegetation in alpine areas, desertification is becoming increasingly serious. As a traditional measure to fix sand and prevent wind, grass grid technology has played a significant role in the management of alpine sandy land. The laying of grass grids can effectively reduce wind and sand erosion, increase soil stability, and thus promote vegetation recovery. However, the traditional laying method of artificial grass grids has problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and high labor intensity. Especially in alpine areas, low temperature and frozen soil conditions increase the difficulty of construction and affect the progress of sand control projects. The current sand fixation methods in alpine sandy lands usually rely on the planting of cold-resistant and drought-resistant plants, but because the water, temperature, nutrients and other factors in the soil microenvironment are difficult to effectively control, the root system of the plants grows slowly and cannot play its due role in sand fixation. Most of the existing vegetation restoration methods focus on the coverage effect of surface vegetation and ignore the synergistic mechanism of the underground root system, which plays a vital role in sand fixation and improving soil structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for enhancing the sand fixation of plant roots in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A method for enhancing the efficiency of plant root systems in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Conduct on-site surveys of selected alpine sandy areas, evaluate the microenvironment of the sandy areas in the area, and formulate microenvironment regulation plans based on the characteristics of the sandy areas and plant species;

[0007] S2: According to the survey results, the selected alpine sandy area is divided into blocks, and suitable plant species are selected according to the blocks;

[0008] S3: Before the soil freezes, according to the site conditions and plant species of different blocks, remove the debris in the blocks and dig planting holes in the blocks according to the established plant space distribution;

[0009] S4: Prepare charcoal and corresponding soil improvement materials according to the soil survey results, spread some charcoal at the bottom of the planting hole, water appropriately, and backfill after water infiltration;

[0010] S5: Level the ground around the planting hole, use a grass grid laying machine to press straw around the backfilled planting hole to form a sand barrier, and cover the backfill soil in the middle of the grass grid with ground film;

[0011] S6: After the soil thaws in the following year, remove the mulch, dig planting holes and transplant the seedlings. Water and fertilize in time according to weather conditions and the growth of the seedlings.

[0012] S7: Check the growth of seedlings regularly, pay attention to whether there are diseases and pests, and take timely measures.

[0013] In step S2, the plant species selected include but are not limited to Hippophae rhamnoides, Haloxylon ammodendron, Salix chinensis, Pinus sylvestris, Populus simonii, Caragana microphylla, Salix alpiniae, Juniperus dasyphylla and Ellis truncatula.

[0014] In step S2, the alpine sandy area can be divided into bare sandy areas, sparse herbaceous areas, pipe-trough transition areas and shrub community areas.

[0015] In step S4, the soil improvement materials include but are not limited to organic fertilizer, mineral fertilizer and lime.

[0016] In step S4, the soil backfilling method comprises the following steps:

[0017] S401: Clear large rocks and debris from the soil;

[0018] S402: Evenly mix the prepared soil improvement materials and the remaining charcoal with the heart soil dug out from the planting hole to improve and repair the soil;

[0019] S403: backfilling the improved soil into the planting hole;

[0020] S404: Cover the backfilled soil with the excavated topsoil.

[0021] In step S5, a non-woven mulch film is used as the mulch film, and the edges and corners of the mulch film are pressed into the soil beside the straw.

[0022] In step S6, the method for transplanting seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0023] S601: Remove the seedlings from their original containers or nurseries, keeping the soil around the roots intact as much as possible;

[0024] S602: Sprinkle a small amount of hydrogel at the bottom of the dug planting hole, and mix the hydrogel with a small amount of soil for later use;

[0025] S603: The seedlings are placed in the planting holes, and then gradually filled with soil mixed with hydrogel while lightly compacting to ensure that the seedlings stand upright and the roots are evenly distributed;

[0026] S604: Water immediately after filling to help the soil settle and reduce voids;

[0027] S605: Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer according to the needs of the seedlings and soil test results;

[0028] S606: After the water has penetrated, cover the roots of the seedlings with soil again, making sure the soil surface is flat.

[0029] In step S7, soil testing needs to be performed regularly. According to the soil test results, measures taken include but are not limited to: irrigation, fertilization, pruning, shading, covering with mulch or regular introduction of beneficial microbial colonies.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention starts from multiple aspects such as plant selection, soil testing and seedling transplanting, focusing on the growth of plant roots. By regulating the microenvironment around the plant roots, the plant roots can quickly take root and expand the root network coverage under adverse climatic conditions, significantly improving the growth rate and sand fixation ability of the plant roots, further improving the nutrient cycle efficiency and structural stability of the soil, providing a strong guarantee for vegetation growth, and is particularly suitable for sandy ecological restoration projects in high-altitude cold areas. Compared with traditional sand fixation technologies, the present invention has significant advantages in optimizing the underground system for plant growth, which not only improves the speed of ecological restoration, but also provides a guarantee for the long-term stability of the ecosystem. In addition, the present invention can be combined with other sand control measures, is widely used, and has a high promotion value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] A method for enhancing the efficiency of plant root systems in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1: Conduct on-site surveys of selected alpine sandy areas and evaluate the microenvironment of the sandy areas in the area to determine the nutrient level, pH value and texture of the soil, and formulate a microenvironment regulation plan in combination with the characteristics of the sandy areas and plant species; Take the Ketu sandy area east of Qinghai Lake as an example, its average annual temperature is about 0.8℃, the average annual precipitation is about 400mm, the average annual evaporation is greater than the average annual precipitation, the average annual wind speed is about 4.5m / s, the main wind direction is west-northwest wind, the soil types are mostly sandy and saline-alkali land, and the main microbial groups in the soil are bacteria. Soil temperature is an important factor in the microenvironment of alpine sandy areas. Due to the characteristics of high winds and low temperatures in alpine sandy areas, the soil temperature is relatively low, which has a significant impact on plant growth and microbial activity. Therefore, the microenvironment regulation plan for the Ketu sandy area east of Qinghai Lake should focus on increasing soil temperature and humidity, supplemented by applying fertilizers and introducing microorganisms.

[0035] S2: According to the survey results, the selected alpine sandy areas are divided into bare sandy areas, sparse herbaceous areas, pipe-groove transition areas and shrub community areas, and appropriate plant species are selected according to the areas. The plant species are selected to be seedlings suitable for transplanting, with well-developed root systems and able to adapt to the alpine sandy environment. Specifically:

[0036] Bare sand area: choose Haloxylon ammodendron and Cyperus rotundus;

[0037] Sparse herbaceous blocks: choose sea buckthorn and caragana;

[0038] Pipe-slot transition area: select Salix nigra, Populus simonii and Salix alpinus;

[0039] Shrub community block: select Pinus sylvestris and Sabina vulgaris;

[0040] S3: Before the soil freezes, according to the site conditions and plant species of different blocks, remove the debris in the block, dig planting holes in the block according to the designated plant space distribution, and dig planting holes before the soil freezes to ensure that there is enough time for soil repair during the soil freezing period;

[0041] S4: According to the soil survey results, prepare charcoal and corresponding soil improvement materials, such as organic fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, lime, etc. First, spread some charcoal at the bottom of the planting hole, water it appropriately, and then backfill the soil after the water penetrates. The method of backfilling the soil includes the following steps:

[0042] S401: Clear large rocks and debris from the soil;

[0043] S402: Mix the prepared soil improvement materials and the remaining charcoal with the heart soil dug out from the planting hole to improve the soil structure, increase fertility and adjust the pH value, so as to improve and repair the soil;

[0044] S403: Backfill the improved soil into the planting hole, ensuring that the soil layers are distinct, usually placing the soil with lower moisture content in the upper layer and the soil with higher moisture content in the lower layer;

[0045] S404: Covering the backfilled soil with the excavated topsoil, and utilizing the original excavated topsoil to reduce water evaporation;

[0046] S5: Level the ground around the planting hole, use a straw grid laying machine to press straw around the backfilled planting hole to form a sand barrier to achieve the purpose of windproof and sand fixation, and cover the backfill soil in the middle of the straw grid with ground film. The ground film is made of non-woven fabric, and the edges and corners of the ground film are pressed into the soil beside the straw to protect the soil from wind erosion and maintain soil temperature;

[0047] S6: After the soil thaws in the following year, that is, from late April to late May, remove the mulch, dig planting holes and transplant the seedlings. The method of transplanting the seedlings includes the following steps:

[0048] S601: Remove the seedlings from the original container or nursery, and try to keep the soil around the roots intact to reduce root damage;

[0049] S602: Sprinkle a small amount of hydrogel at the bottom of the dug planting hole, and mix the hydrogel with a small amount of soil for later use. The hydrogel helps to retain soil moisture, reduce evaporation, and promote contact between the roots of the seedlings and the soil;

[0050] S603: Place the seedlings in the planting hole, then gradually fill in the soil mixed with hydrogel while gently compacting to ensure that the seedlings stand upright and the roots are evenly distributed;

[0051] S604: Water immediately after filling to help the soil settle and reduce voids. The hydrogel will absorb water and release it slowly, providing a continuous supply of water to the seedlings.

[0052] S605: Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer according to the needs of seedlings and soil test results. Organic fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer can be used to provide the nutrients needed for seedling growth;

[0053] S606: After the water has penetrated, cover the roots of the seedlings with soil again, making sure the soil surface is flat;

[0054] S607: Water and fertilize in a timely manner according to weather conditions and the growth of seedlings;

[0055] S7: Check the growth of seedlings regularly, pay attention to whether there are any diseases and pests, test the soil regularly, and take timely measures based on the soil test results, such as irrigation, fertilization, pruning, shading, covering with mulch, or regularly introducing beneficial microbial colonies such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to increase soil fertility, reduce water evaporation, and protect seedlings from extreme climate and pests and diseases.

[0056] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the efficiency of plant root system and fixing sand in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Conduct on-site surveys of selected alpine sandy areas, evaluate the microenvironment of the sandy areas in the area, and formulate microenvironment regulation plans based on the characteristics of the sandy areas and plant species; S2: According to the survey results, the selected alpine sandy area is divided into blocks, and suitable plant species are selected according to the blocks; S3: Before the soil freezes, according to the site conditions and plant species of different blocks, remove the debris in the blocks and dig planting holes in the blocks according to the established plant space distribution; S4: Prepare charcoal and corresponding soil improvement materials according to the soil survey results, spread some charcoal at the bottom of the planting hole, water appropriately, and backfill after water infiltration; S5: Level the ground around the planting hole, use a grass grid laying machine to press straw around the backfilled planting hole to form a sand barrier, and cover the backfill soil in the middle of the grass grid with ground film; S6: After the soil thaws in the following year, remove the mulch, dig planting holes and transplant the seedlings. Water and fertilize in time according to weather conditions and the growth of the seedlings. S7: Check the growth of seedlings regularly, pay attention to whether there are diseases and pests, and take timely measures.

2. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the plant species selected include but are not limited to Hippophae rhamnoides, Haloxylon ammodendron, Salix chinensis, Pinus sylvestris, Populus simonii, Caragana microphylla, Salix alpiniae, Juniperus dasyphylla and Ellis truncatula.

3. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in sand fixation in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the alpine sandy area can be divided into bare sandy areas, sparse herbaceous areas, pipe-trough transition areas and shrub community areas.

4. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in sand fixation in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the soil improvement materials include but are not limited to organic fertilizer, mineral fertilizer and lime.

5. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in sand fixation in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the soil backfilling method comprises the following steps: S401: Clear large rocks and debris from the soil; S402: Evenly mix the prepared soil improvement materials and the remaining charcoal with the heart soil dug out from the planting hole to improve and repair the soil; S403: backfilling the improved soil into the planting hole; S404: Cover the backfilled soil with the excavated topsoil.

6. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, a non-woven mulch film is used as the mulch film, and the edges and corners of the mulch film are pressed into the soil beside the straw.

7. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in sand fixation in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the method for transplanting seedlings comprises the following steps: S601: Remove the seedlings from their original containers or nurseries, keeping the soil around the roots intact as much as possible; S602: Sprinkle a small amount of hydrogel at the bottom of the dug planting hole, and mix the hydrogel with a small amount of soil for later use; S603: The seedlings are placed in the planting holes, and then gradually filled with soil mixed with hydrogel while lightly compacting to ensure that the seedlings stand upright and the roots are evenly distributed; S604: Water immediately after filling to help the soil settle and reduce voids; S605: Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer according to the needs of the seedlings and soil test results; S606: After the water has penetrated, cover the roots of the seedlings with soil again, making sure the soil surface is flat.

8. The method for enhancing the effectiveness of plant root systems in sand fixation in alpine sandy land based on microenvironment regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, soil testing needs to be performed regularly. According to the soil test results, measures taken include but are not limited to: irrigation, fertilization, pruning, shading, covering with mulch or regular introduction of beneficial microbial colonies.