Preparation method and application of high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-amino styrene composite film based on electrostatic spinning technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-amino styrene composite film based on an electrostatic spinning technology, and relates to the technical field of insulation composite material preparation. The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional composite material film cannot have high dielectric constant and high insulating property at the same time. According to the invention, the composite material is subjected to filamentous orientation and multi-layer compounding by using an electrostatic spinning technology, and is prepared by using a hot pressing method. The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-amino styrene composite film prepared by the method based on the electrostatic spinning technology has excellent dielectric property and insulating property, provides a new material for a high-performance supercapacitor, and can be widely applied to the advanced fields of electricity, electronics, new energy automobiles and the like. According to the preparation method and application of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-amino styrene composite film based on the electrostatic spinning technology, the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-amino styrene composite film is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of insulating composite material preparation, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a high-insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrostatic spinning technology. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the growing needs of modern electronic and power systems, the development of advanced insulating materials is urgent. Polymer dielectrics have become the preferred material for capacitors due to their high insulation properties. However, the inherent low dielectric constant of polymer dielectrics limits their performance. In order to improve the insulation properties of polymers, a lot of research has been done, such as introducing inorganic fillers with high dielectric constants into polymer matrices to form polymer composites. However, the increase in dielectric constant brought about by the introduction of high dielectric constant fillers is usually at the expense of reducing its breakdown field strength, so the improvement in energy density is very limited.

[0003] In recent years, preparing polymer dielectrics into multilayer structures has become an emerging method to resolve the contradiction between high dielectric constant and high corona resistance life in single-layer composite films, thereby significantly improving their insulation performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that traditional composite film cannot have both high dielectric constant and high insulation performance, and to provide a preparation method and application of high insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology.

[0005] A high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrostatic spinning technology comprises a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; in the single-layer composite film, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

[0006] A method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology is carried out according to the following steps:

[0007] Step S1:

[0008] Adding polyetherimide to a methyl pyrrolidone solution, heating to 75-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 75-85°C to obtain a solution a; cooling the solution a to 18-25°C, adding 4-aminostyrene, and mechanically stirring at 18-20°C to obtain a solution b; heating the solution b to 83-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 83-85°C to obtain a solution c;

[0009] Step S2:

[0010] The solution c obtained in step S1 is formed into a film by using an electrospinning technique to obtain a film d; the film d is dried, then subjected to a hot pressing process, and finally cooled to obtain a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technique;

[0011] The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology includes a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; in the single-layer composite film, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

[0012] The invention discloses an application of a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrostatic spinning technology, characterized in that the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrostatic spinning technology is applied in a supercapacitor.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] (1) The present invention discloses a method for preparing a highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, wherein the composite material is oriented in a filamentous form, multilayered, and prepared by hot pressing using electrospinning technology. According to the series capacitance equivalent model, the electric field applied to both sides of the multilayer composite film is redistributed within the multilayer composite film. In addition, in the multilayer composite film, the macroscopic interface between the layers hinders the growth of the breakdown path. The redistribution of the electric field in the composite material and the hindering effect of the macroscopic interface on the breakdown path make the multilayer composite film have higher insulation performance than pure polyetherimide, and the amino group of 4-aminostyrene can end-cap the polyetherimide material, and the C=C double bond breaks and recombine at high temperature to form a cross-linked structure, further improving the insulation performance of the polyetherimide.

[0015] (2) A highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film prepared by the method of the present invention based on electrospinning technology has excellent dielectric properties and insulation properties, providing new materials for high-performance supercapacitors and can be widely used in advanced fields such as electrical, electronic and new energy vehicles.

[0016] (3) The preparation process of the equipment of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, low-cost, and environmentally friendly and pollution-free, providing a good strategy for the development of advanced polymer capacitors.

[0017] The invention can obtain a preparation method and application of a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on an electrostatic spinning technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A scanning electron microscope image showing the surface morphology of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 The Fourier infrared test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention are shown; a represents pure polyetherimide insulating material; b represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; c represents a three-layer structure composite film in which the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an outer layer and the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an intermediate layer; d represents a three-layer structure composite film in which the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an outer layer and the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an intermediate layer;

[0020] Figure 3The corona resistance life test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention are shown; a represents pure polyetherimide insulating material; b represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; c represents a three-layer structure composite film in which the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an outer layer and the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an intermediate layer; d represents a three-layer structure composite film in which the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an outer layer and the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is an intermediate layer;

[0021] Figure 4 Indicates the dielectric constant test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention; ■Polyetherimide insulating material; ●Indicates a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which 4-aminostyrene occupies 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; ▲Indicates a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the outer layer and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide as the middle layer; ▼Indicates a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the outer layer and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass of polyetherimide as the middle layer;

[0022] Figure 5 The dielectric loss test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention are represented; ■Polyetherimide insulating material; ●Represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; ▲Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the outer layer, and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer; ▼Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, including a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the single-layer composite film is 4.5% of polyetherimide; the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a is 3%, and the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the middle layer is 1.5% of polyetherimide; the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b is 1.5% of polyetherimide, and the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the middle layer is 3%.

[0024] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is a method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0025] Step S1:

[0026] Adding polyetherimide to a methyl pyrrolidone solution, heating to 75-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 75-85°C to obtain a solution a; cooling the solution a to 18-25°C, adding 4-aminostyrene, and mechanically stirring at 18-20°C to obtain a solution b; heating the solution b to 83-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 83-85°C to obtain a solution c;

[0027] Step S2:

[0028] The solution c obtained in step S1 is formed into a film by using an electrospinning technique to obtain a film d; the film d is dried, then subjected to a hot pressing process, and finally cooled to obtain a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technique;

[0029] The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology includes a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; in the single-layer composite film, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

[0030] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 2 in that the ratio of the mass of the polyetherimide described in step S1 to the volume of the methyl pyrrolidone solution is (1.6-1.8) g: (4.5-5) mL.

[0031] The other steps are the same as those in the second specific implementation method.

[0032] Specific embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 2 or 3 is that the polyetherimide described in step S1 is heated to 75-85°C before use and kept at 75-85°C for 11-13h; after the insulation is completed, it is heated to 110-130°C and kept at 110-130°C for 11-13h.

[0033] The other steps are the same as those in the second or third embodiment.

[0034] Specific embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and any one of specific embodiments 2 to 4 is that in step S1, the mechanical stirring time is 6 to 8 hours at a temperature of 75 to 85°C, the mechanical stirring time is 2 to 3 hours at a temperature of 18 to 20°C, and the mechanical stirring time is 5 to 6 hours at a temperature of 83 to 85°C.

[0035] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 2 to 4.

[0036] Specific implementation method 6: The difference between this implementation method and specific implementation methods 2 to 5 is that the mechanical stirring rate in step S1 is 150 to 300 r / min.

[0037] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 2 to 5.

[0038] Specific embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 2 to 6 is that the humidity of electrospinning in step S2 is 40% RH to 60% RH.

[0039] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 2 to 6.

[0040] Specific embodiment eight: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments two to seven is that the drying in step S2 is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 85° C. for 5 to 6 hours.

[0041] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 2 to 7.

[0042] Specific embodiment nine: The difference between this embodiment and any one of specific embodiments two to eight is that the hot pressing process in step S2 is carried out according to the following steps: the dried film d is placed between two layers of polyimide film, and then the film is placed between two layers of iron plates, and then the iron plates are placed in a flat vulcanizer, and kept warm at a temperature of 220 to 240°C for 0.5 to 1h; after the insulation is completed, hot pressing is performed at a pressure of 10 to 15MPa for 1 to 2h.

[0043] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 2 to 8.

[0044] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment is an application of a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, which is characterized by the application of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology in a supercapacitor.

[0045] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0046] Example 1: A method for preparing a highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step S1:

[0048] 1.8 g of polyetherimide was added to 5 mL of methyl pyrrolidone solution, heated to 80° C., and mechanically stirred at 300 r / min for 6 hours at 80° C. to obtain solution a; solution a was cooled to 20° C., 4-aminostyrene was added, and then mechanically stirred at 300 r / min for 3 hours at 20° C. to obtain solution b; solution b was heated to 80° C., and mechanically stirred at 300 r / min for 6 hours at 80° C. to obtain solution c;

[0049] The polyetherimide is placed in a vacuum oven before use, first heated to 80°C, and kept at 80°C for 12 hours; after the heat preservation is completed, it is heated to 120°C and kept at 120°C for another 12 hours;

[0050] Step S2:

[0051] The solution c obtained in step S1 is sprayed onto a high-speed oriented rotating shaft using a syringe to obtain a film d; the film d is placed in a blast oven, dried at 80°C for 5 hours, and then the dried film d is placed between two layers of polyimide films, and then the film is placed between two layers of iron plates, and then the iron plates are placed in a flat vulcanizer and kept warm at 240°C for 1 hour; after the insulation is completed, it is hot-pressed at a pressure of 15MPa for 2 hours, and finally cooled to obtain a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology.

[0052] In step S2, the humidity of electrospinning is 60% RH, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is 2000-3000 r / min, and the spraying rate of the syringe is 0.8-1.0 mm / min;

[0053] The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film is a single-layer composite film, in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%.

[0054] Comparative Example 1: In this comparative example, 4-aminostyrene accounts for 0% of the mass of polyetherimide, that is, a pure polyetherimide film is prepared, and other experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Example 2: In step S1 of this example, two equal portions of a solution in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3% are prepared as outer layer solutions, and a solution in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5% is prepared as an intermediate layer solution; in the electrospinning process, one of the outer layer solutions is first sprayed on a high-speed oriented rotating shaft using a syringe, and then the intermediate layer solution is sprayed, and then the other outer layer solution is sprayed; the highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film finally prepared is a three-layer composite film, in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film is 3%, and the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the intermediate layer is 1.5%; other experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Example 3: In step S1 of this example, two equal portions of a solution in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5% are prepared as outer layer solutions, and a solution in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3% is prepared as an intermediate layer solution; in the electrospinning process, one of the outer layer solutions is first sprayed on a high-speed oriented rotating shaft using a syringe, and then the intermediate layer solution is sprayed, and then the other outer layer solution is sprayed; the highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film finally prepared is a three-layer composite film, in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film is 1.5%, and the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in the intermediate layer is 3%; other experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Figure 1 The scanning electron microscope image showing the surface morphology of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention; Figure 1 As shown, 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide composite materials were successfully prepared using electrospinning technology. The composite materials are composed of fibrous filamentous structures. The unique fiber structure increases the orderliness of the polymer chains, thereby reducing the free volume of the polymer and hindering the free movement of free charges in the polymer, thereby improving the insulating properties of the polymer.

[0058] Figure 2 The invention shows the Fourier infrared test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention; a represents pure polyetherimide insulating material; b represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; c represents a three-layer composite film in which the outer layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3% and the middle layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; d represents a three-layer composite film in which the outer layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5% and the middle layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, at 1650cm -1 No C=C double bond stretching vibration peak was found at 1650cm -1No NH bending vibration peak was found, indicating that the amino group in 4-aminostyrene successfully terminated the polyetherimide and the CN structure was formed at 880 cm -1 Corresponding infrared peaks were observed.

[0060] Figure 3 The invention shows the corona resistance life test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention; a represents pure polyetherimide insulating material; b represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; c represents a three-layer composite film in which the outer layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3% and the middle layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; d represents a three-layer composite film in which the outer layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5% and the middle layer is a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the addition of 4-aminostyrene greatly enhances the corona resistance life of the composite material. The three-layer composite film material with 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulation material as the outer layer and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulation material as the middle layer having 3% of 4-aminostyrene by mass fraction of polyetherimide as the outer layer and 1.5% of 4-aminostyrene by mass fraction of polyetherimide as the middle layer has the highest corona resistance life. This is attributed to the interaction between the interface polarization of the three-layer fiber structure and the cross-linking structure formed by 4-aminostyrene in the polyetherimide matrix, which further inhibits the transport of carriers.

[0062] Figure 4 The dielectric constant test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention are represented; ■Polyetherimide insulating material; ●Represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; ▲Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the outer layer, and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer; ▼Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the addition of 4-aminostyrene promotes the dielectric constant of the composite material. The dielectric constant of the 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide is lower than that of pure polyetherimide, which is attributed to the three-layer structure. However, the dielectric constant of the three-layer composite film material in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide as the outer layer and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide as the middle layer is the highest, which is consistent with the results of the corona resistance life test.

[0064] Figure 5 The dielectric loss test results of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technology of the present invention are represented; ■Polyetherimide insulating material; ●Represents a 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide single-layer structure insulating material in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 4.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide; ▲Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the outer layer, and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass fraction of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer; ▼Represents a three-layer structure composite film in which 4-aminostyrene accounts for 1.5% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene accounts for 3% of the mass of polyetherimide and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulating material is the middle layer.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that the dielectric loss of the three-layer composite film material with 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulation material as the outer layer and 4-aminostyrene / polyetherimide insulation material as the middle layer, in which the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene is 3% of the polyetherimide, is not significantly improved compared with pure polyetherimide, which indicates that the defects of the composite material are not significantly increased compared with the pure polymer, and the performance is stable.

Claims

1. A high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology, characterized in that The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology includes a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; in the single-layer composite film, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

2. The method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method is carried out according to the following steps: Step S1: Adding polyetherimide to a methyl pyrrolidone solution, heating to 75-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 75-85°C to obtain a solution a; cooling the solution a to 18-25°C, adding 4-aminostyrene, and mechanically stirring at 18-20°C to obtain a solution b; heating the solution b to 83-85°C, and mechanically stirring at 83-85°C to obtain a solution c; Step S2: The solution c obtained in step S1 is formed into a film by using an electrospinning technique to obtain a film d; the film d is dried, then subjected to a hot pressing process, and finally cooled to obtain a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on the electrospinning technique; The high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology includes a single-layer composite film, a three-layer composite film a and a three-layer composite film b; in the single-layer composite film, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 4.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film a, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%; in the outer layer of the three-layer composite film b, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 1.5%, and in the middle layer, the mass fraction of 4-aminostyrene in polyetherimide is 3%.

3. The method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2, characterized in that The ratio of the mass of the polyetherimide described in step S1 to the volume of the methyl pyrrolidone solution is (1.6-1.8) g: (4.5-5) mL.

4. The method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The polyetherimide described in step S1 is heated to 75-85° C. before use, and kept at 75-85° C. for 11-13 hours; after the insulation is completed, it is heated to 110-130° C. and kept at 110-130° C. for 11-13 hours.

5. The method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S1, the mechanical stirring time is 6 to 8 hours at a temperature of 75 to 85° C., the mechanical stirring time is 2 to 3 hours at a temperature of 18 to 20° C., and the mechanical stirring time is 5 to 6 hours at a temperature of 83 to 85° C.

6. A method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that The mechanical stirring rate in step S1 is 150-300 r / min.

7. The method for preparing a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2, characterized in that The humidity of the electrospinning in step S2 is 40% RH to 60% RH.

8. The method for preparing a highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2, characterized in that The drying in step S2 is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 85° C. for 5 to 6 hours.

9. The method for preparing a highly insulating polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology according to claim 2, characterized in that The hot pressing process in step S2 is carried out according to the following steps: the dried film d is placed between two layers of polyimide film, and then the film is placed between two layers of iron plates, and then the iron plates are placed in a flat vulcanizer, and kept warm at a temperature of 220 to 240°C for 0.5 to 1h; after the insulation is completed, hot pressing is performed at a pressure of 10 to 15 MPa for 1 to 2h.

10. The use of a high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The application of the high-insulation polyetherimide / 4-aminostyrene composite film based on electrospinning technology in supercapacitors.

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