A Reinforcement Material for the Protection of Earthen Sites and Its Preparation Method

Abstract

The present invention provides a reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of reinforcing materials. A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins is made of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 55-65% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 10-20% of potassium methyl silicate, 0.5-2% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.1-0.5% of regulator, 0.5-1.5% of coupling agent, 0-3% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins is provided to improve the permeability of the reinforcing material and enhance the compressive strength and weather resistance of the ruins soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of reinforcement materials, and particularly relates to a reinforcement material for the protection of earthen ruins and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important historical and cultural city in China, Luoyang has numerous earthen ruins, and the protection of these ruins has always been an important topic in the field of cultural relics protection. In recent years, with the continuous progress of technology, Luoyang has made remarkable progress in the protection of earthen ruins, especially in the application of reinforcement materials and related technologies.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used reinforcement materials in the protection of Luoyang earthen ruins include tetraethyl orthosilicate, silicone-acrylic emulsion, silicone-fluoride materials, and PS, etc. These materials show good effects in improving the compressive strength, shear strength, and water resistance of earthen ruins. However, there are also some problems in their actual application. For example, they may have a certain impact on the appearance and microstructure of the ruins. Therefore, when selecting reinforcement materials, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the specific situation of the ruins to ensure the reinforcement effect and the integrity of the ruins.

[0004] Wang Jiakun et al. (Wang Jiakun, Zhou Shuanglin. Research on the Penetration Performance of Non-Aqueous Dispersed Materials for Reinforcing Earthen Ruins [J]. Research on the Protection of Grottoes and Earthen Ruins, 2022(2).) pointed out that reinforcing earthen ruins with chemical materials through penetration is one of the relatively effective means for protecting earthen relics. The non-aqueous dispersed acrylic resin material has advantages such as good reinforcement strength and good penetration performance, and has been applied to actual protection work, but there are still certain problems. Therefore, the author improved the preparation materials and preparation process of the non-aqueous dispersed acrylic resin material, improving the preparation efficiency of the material and the penetration performance of the material. Another example is that the Chinese patent application document CN118853185A discloses an organosilicon reinforcing agent for the protection of earthen ruins, its preparation method and application. The organosilicon reinforcing agent includes a basic reinforcing component group, a hydrophobic and waterproof component group, a reinforcing component group, and a solvent and dispersant group. Among them, the basic reinforcing component group includes tetraethyl orthosilicate, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the hydrophobic and waterproof component group includes polymethylhydrosiloxane and hydroxyl silicone oil; the reinforcing component group is nanoparticles; the solvent and dispersant are organic solvents. When this technology is applied to the reinforcement and protection of earthen ruins, it is evenly injected into the soil body through a grouting device to provide additional mechanical support, and through regular inspection and maintenance, the long-term stability of the reinforcement effect is ensured. This invention solves the problems of poor reinforcement effect and easy cracking of the generated products in the prior art, and has significant application prospects.

[0005] Although there is a continuous emergence of existing reinforcement materials for earthen heritage sites, there are still some problems. For example, the compressive strength of the soil after being reinforced with solidifying materials has a limited increase, and its performance in terms of weather resistance, waterproofing, and / or salt resistance is insufficient. There is a lack of durability data, making it difficult to effectively resolve the contradiction between "in-situ protection" of the heritage site and "environmental erosion". Therefore, continuously developing new composite reinforcement materials remains the key to breaking through this predicament. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the first object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement material for earthen heritage site protection, so as to improve the permeability of the reinforcement material and enhance the compressive strength and weather resistance of the heritage site soil.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a reinforcement material for earthen heritage site protection, which is made of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 55 - 65% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 10 - 20% of potassium methyl silicate, 0.5 - 2% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.1 - 0.5% of regulator, 0.5 - 1.5% of coupling agent, 0 - 3% of penetration enhancer, and the balance being deionized water.

[0008] Optionally, the viscosity of the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion at 25°C is 500 - 2000 mPa·s.

[0009] Optionally, the dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate or dispersant PA-30.

[0010] Optionally, the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:(0.1 - 0.3).

[0011] Optionally, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and optionally vinyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0012] Optionally, the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol 400 or polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.

[0013] The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method for a reinforcement material for earthen heritage site protection to maintain the stability of the material properties.

[0014] A preparation method for a reinforcement material for earthen heritage site protection includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: At 25 - 30°C and under stirring conditions, mix the dispersion stabilizer with deionized water to prepare a dispersion;

[0016] S2: Heat up to 30 - 35°C, and slowly dropwise add the dilution of potassium methyl silicate to the dispersion. After the dropping is completed, stir until it is uniform;

[0017] S3: Add the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches, and adjust the pH to 8.5 - 9.0;

[0018] S4: Add the coupling agent to the mixed solution obtained in S3, and stir evenly;

[0019] S5: Under the condition of low-speed stirring, add the fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in S4, mix for 20 - 30 min, then add the penetrant and mix evenly to obtain the product.

[0020] Optionally, in S2, the potassium methyl silicate is diluted to a concentration of 2 - 2.5%, and the dropping rate is 2 - 3 mL / min.

[0021] Optionally, adding the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches in S3 includes: adding the regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10 - 10.5, and stirring for 5 - 10 minutes; adding the remaining regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8.5 - 9.0, and stirring for 5 - 10 minutes.

[0022] Optionally, the rotation speed of the low-speed stirring in S5 is 300 - 500 rpm.

[0023] Due to its excellent ultraviolet resistance, temperature change resistance, acid rain resistance and low surface energy characteristics, the fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion has been widely used in the field of exterior wall coatings. However, there are significant differences in the physical properties between building exterior wall materials and heritage soil. Previous studies have shown that the direct use of fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion for the reinforcement of heritage soil is not ideal, and the main problems include: (1) It is difficult to effectively penetrate the microporous structure of heritage soil, resulting in limited reinforcement depth; (2) The binding ability with heritage soil is weak, and it is difficult to form a stable reinforcement layer; (3) The improvement of compressive strength is limited. Potassium methyl silicate (CH 3 KO 3 Si), as a building waterproof material, has been widely used in the waterproof projects of materials such as stone, ceramics, and cement mortar, and its application in the protection of earthen heritage has also received attention, but the actual effect is not yet clear. Therefore, the present invention selects to use the fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion and potassium methyl silicate in combination to improve the soil strength and reinforcement effect, in order to provide new ideas for the protection of earthen heritage.

[0024] In the present invention, the fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion and potassium methyl silicate synergistically enhance to form a waterproof-reinforcement integrated system. Potassium methyl silicate (diluted to a concentration below 3%) can penetrate into the interior of the soil and react with CO 2React, fill pores and enhance compressive strength; form an "internal solid and external hydrophobic" structure with the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion. The alkalinity of potassium methyl silicate can activate the silane coupling agent in the material, enhancing the interfacial bonding force. Potassium methyl silicate provides rapid surface waterproofing, while the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion achieves deep reinforcement and long-term hydrophobicity. At the same time, the fluorosilicon chain segments resist ultraviolet degradation, and the potassium methyl silicate film prevents rain erosion, improving the weather resistance and enabling adaptation to more complex external environments, significantly enhancing the service durability of the reinforcement material.

[0025] The present invention uses additives with higher safety, and the reinforcement material exhibits good permeability and reinforcement effect, and can also significantly improve the water resistance, alkali salt resistance and anti-aging properties of the earthen site. In addition, the reinforcement material of the present invention has good compatibility with the earthen site substrate, and can enhance its mechanical strength and compressive strength without significantly changing the original appearance, gloss and weight of the earthen site. Thus, the solution of the present invention can fully utilize the rapid waterproofing advantage of potassium methyl silicate and the deep reinforcement characteristics of the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion to achieve a comprehensive improvement in waterproofing, mechanical strength and weather resistance in the protection of the earthen site.

[0026] In addition, according to the physical properties of the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, potassium methyl silicate and various additives, the present invention adopts a fine preparation method to obtain a reinforcement material with high uniformity and stable performance. During the preparation process, first, at 25 - 30 °C, the stable dispersant is added to water to form a dispersion liquid to improve the subsequent dissolution efficiency; then, at 30 - 35 °C, the diluted solution of potassium methyl silicate is slowly added dropwise to avoid local high alkalinity; then, the pH is adjusted in batches to fully utilize the pH adjustment effect of the raw materials, and the solution is adjusted to 8.5 - 9.0 to maintain its pH stability; then the coupling agent is added with low-speed stirring to promote the coupling reaction; then the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion is added, slowly added with low speed to prevent the mixed liquid from flocculating or stratifying; finally, the penetration enhancer is selectively added, and slow stirring is carried out to ensure uniform mixing and no stratification to ensure the use effect. Through the above-mentioned refined operations, a reinforcement material with better stability performance is prepared to achieve better long-term protection for the earthen site.

[0027] The pH of the reinforcement material of the present invention is 8.5 - 9.0, and the penetration depth tested by the knife scraping method is ≥10 mm; in the unconfined compressive test, the strength after treatment is increased by more than 4 times; after 1000 h of ultraviolet aging, the mass loss rate is ≤3%; after soaking in water for 7 days, the mass loss rate of the soil body should be ≤0.5%; after spraying with 5% NaCl for 720 h, there is no powdering or peeling on the surface. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] To better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention will be further clearly described below in conjunction with embodiments. However, the protected content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0029] In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials are commercially available products, and unless otherwise specified, they do not contain other components that are not explicitly stated except for inevitable impurities.

[0031] In the following scheme, the viscosity of the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion at 25 °C is 500 - 2000 mPa·s, which is a commercially available product.

[0032] Example 1: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen sites is made from the following raw materials by mass percentage: 55% fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 15% potassium methyl silicate, 0.5% dispersion stabilizer, 0.2% regulator, 0.5% coupling agent, 3% penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.1; the coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol 400.

[0033] A preparation method of a reinforcing material for the protection of earthen sites includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: At 25 °C, under stirring conditions, mix the dispersion stabilizer with deionized water to prepare a dispersion;

[0035] S2: Heat up to 30 °C, and slowly drop the dilution of potassium methyl silicate into the dispersion. After the dropping is completed, stir until uniform;

[0036] S3: Add the regulator to the mixture obtained in S2 in batches and adjust the pH to 8.5;

[0037] S4: Add the coupling agent to the mixture obtained in S3 and stir evenly;

[0038] S5: Under low-speed stirring conditions, add the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion to the mixture obtained in S4, mix for 20 min, and then add the penetrant and mix evenly to obtain the product.

[0039] Among them, in S2, the dropping rate of potassium methyl silicate is 2 mL / min. Potassium methyl silicate is diluted to a concentration of 2%, that is: 20 g of potassium methyl silicate is added to 1 L of deionized water for dilution. In S3, the regulator is added to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches, including: adding the regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10, and stirring for 5 minutes; adding the remaining regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8.5, and stirring for 10 minutes. In S5, the rotation speed of low-speed stirring is 350 rpm.

[0040] Example 2: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 57% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 20% of potassium methyl silicate, 0.7% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.5% of regulator, 1.3% of coupling agent, 2.5% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is dispersant PA-30 (aqueous solution of sodium acrylate); the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.2; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.

[0041] A preparation method of a reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: At 27 °C, under stirring conditions, mix the dispersion stabilizer and deionized water to prepare a dispersion;

[0043] S2: Heat up to 32 °C, slowly drop the diluted solution of potassium methyl silicate into the dispersion, and after dropping, stir until uniform;

[0044] S3: Add the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches, and adjust the pH to 8.6;

[0045] S4: Add the coupling agent to the mixed solution obtained in S3 and stir evenly;

[0046] S5: Under low-speed stirring conditions, add the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in S4, mix for 25 min, and then add the penetrant and mix evenly to obtain the product.

[0047] Among them, in S2, the dropping rate of potassium methyl silicate is 2.5 mL / min. Potassium methyl silicate is diluted to a concentration of 2.3%, that is: 23 g of potassium methyl silicate is added to 1 L of deionized water for dilution. In S3, the regulator is added to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches, including: adding the regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10.1, and stirring for 6 minutes; adding the remaining regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8.6, and stirring for 8 minutes. In S5, the rotation speed of low-speed stirring is 400 rpm.

[0048] Example 3: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins is made from raw materials in the following mass percentages: 58.5% fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 18% potassium methyl silicate, 0.8% dispersion stabilizer, 0.4% regulator, 1.3% coupling agent, 2.1% penetration enhancer, and the balance being deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is dispersant PA-30; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.2; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol 400.

[0049] A preparation method of a reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins includes the following steps:

[0050] S1: At 30°C and under stirring conditions, mix the dispersion stabilizer and deionized water to prepare a dispersion.

[0051] S2: Raise the temperature to 35°C, slowly dropwise add the dilution of potassium methyl silicate to the dispersion, and after the addition is complete, stir until uniform.

[0052] S3: Add the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches to adjust the pH to 9.0.

[0053] S4: Add the coupling agent to the mixed solution obtained in S3 and stir evenly.

[0054] S5: Under low-speed stirring conditions, add the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in S4, mix for 30 min, and then add the penetrant and mix evenly to obtain the product.

[0055] Among them, in S2, the dropping rate of potassium methyl silicate is 3 mL / min. Potassium methyl silicate is diluted to a concentration of 2.5%, that is: 25 g of potassium methyl silicate is added to 1 L of deionized water for dilution. In S3, adding the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches includes: adding the regulator to the mixed solution to adjust the pH to 10.5 and stirring for 10 minutes; adding the remaining regulator to the mixed solution to adjust the pH to 9.0 and stirring for 7 minutes. In S5, the rotation speed of low-speed stirring is 500 rpm.

[0056] Example 4: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen ruins is made from raw materials in the following mass percentages: 60% fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 16% potassium methyl silicate, 1% dispersion stabilizer, 0.3% regulator, 1.2% coupling agent, 1.7% penetration enhancer, and the balance being deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.3; the coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.

[0057] The preparation method of the reinforcement material for the protection of the above-mentioned earth relics in this example refers to Example 1 for its steps and process parameters.

[0058] Example 5: A reinforcement material for the protection of earth relics is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 61.5% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 12% of potassium methyl silicate, 1.2% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.2% of regulator, 0.9% of coupling agent, 1.1% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is dispersant PA-30; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.3; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.

[0059] The preparation method of the reinforcement material for the protection of the above-mentioned earth relics in this example refers to Example 1 for its steps and process parameters.

[0060] Example 6: A reinforcement material for the protection of earth relics is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 62% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 13% of potassium methyl silicate, 1.5% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.2% of regulator, 1.0% of coupling agent, 0.8% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.23; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.

[0061] The preparation method of the reinforcement material for the protection of the above-mentioned earth relics in this example refers to Example 1 for its steps and process parameters.

[0062] Example 7: A reinforcement material for the protection of earth relics is made of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 63% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 10% of potassium methyl silicate, 1.7% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.1% of regulator, 0.7% of coupling agent, 0.5% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.1; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol 400.

[0063] The preparation method of the reinforcement material for the protection of the above-mentioned earth relics in this example refers to Example 1 for its steps and process parameters.

[0064] Example 8: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites is made from raw materials in the following mass percentages: 65% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 17% of potassium methyl silicate, 2% of a dispersion stabilizer, 0.3% of a regulator, 1.5% of a coupling agent, and the balance being deionized water. Among them, the dispersion stabilizer is dispersant PA-30; the regulator is a composition of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:0.15; the coupling agent is γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0065] For the preparation method of the above-mentioned reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites in this example, the steps and process parameters refer to Example 1, and the step of adding a penetration enhancer is omitted.

[0066] Comparative Example 1: Different from Example 1: Fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion is used as the reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites.

[0067] Comparative Example 2: Different from Example 1: Potassium methyl silicate is used as the reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites, and the potassium methyl silicate is diluted to a concentration of 2%.

[0068] Comparative Example 3: A reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites is made from raw materials in the following mass percentages: 45% of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, 25% of potassium methyl silicate, 0.5% of a dispersion stabilizer, 0.2% of a regulator, 0.5% of a coupling agent, 3% of a penetration enhancer, and the balance being deionized water. The other parameters and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 4: The raw materials and their ratios of a reinforcing material for the protection of earthen heritage sites are the same as those in Example 1. Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: At 25°C, under stirring conditions, mix the dispersion stabilizer, the diluted solution of potassium methyl silicate, and the regulator, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution; S2: Sequentially add the fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion, the coupling agent, and the penetrant to the above mixed solution, and stir evenly to obtain a product.

[0070] Next, the content of the evaluation test will be described.

[0071] Undisturbed soil near an earthen heritage site in Luoyang City, Henan Province was collected, and soil samples (diameter 10 cm, height 5 cm) were made using the cutting ring method. Reinforcement experiments were carried out using the reinforcing materials prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 respectively. Use a syringe to suck up the reinforcing material and drip it on the soil sample until the reinforcing material completely wets the reverse side of the soil sample. After natural air drying for three days and nights, reinforce the second time, and observe the color change phenomenon and penetration condition on the surface of the soil sample. The observation results are recorded as follows:

[0072] Table 1 Results of Reinforcement Penetration Time and Surface Changes

[0073]

[0074] The above results show that when the soil samples are surface-reinforced with the reinforcing material of the present invention, the color of the soil samples does not change significantly, and at the same time, it can improve the defect that the soil samples turn white when only using fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion.

[0075] After the above soil samples are reinforced, referring to the "Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods" GB / T 50123-2019, the performance of the reinforcing material is measured, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0076] Table 2 Performance test results of the reinforcing material

[0077]

[0078] The results show that: (1) The density of the soil samples changes after being reinforced with different reinforcing materials, but the change range is not large and the difference is not obvious. (2) After the soil samples are reinforced with different reinforcing materials, the void ratio decreases, indicating that the reinforcing material fills part of the voids of the soil samples, but the change range of the void ratio is also not large and there is no obvious difference. (3) The penetration depth of the soil samples reinforced with the reinforcing materials of Examples 1-8 is > 8 mm, while the reinforcing materials of Comparative Examples 1-4 are all less than 8 mm, indicating that the reinforcing material of the present invention has more significant permeability performance. (4) The unconfined compressive strength of the soil samples reinforced with the reinforcing materials of Examples 1-8 is increased by more than 4 times, and the improvement effect is more obvious than that of the conventional reinforcing materials. At the same time, there is also a significant difference compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, indicating that the compound use of fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion and potassium methyl silicate has obvious synergistic effect on the improvement of the unconfined compressive strength of the soil samples. (5) After the soil samples are reinforced with the reinforcing materials of Examples 1-8, the anti-ultraviolet aging performance is improved by more than 60%, which is more significant than that of Comparative Examples 1-4. (6) After the soil samples are reinforced with the reinforcing materials of Examples 1-8, the waterproof performance is significantly improved, and water disasters can be effectively prevented. (7) After the soil samples are reinforced, the anti-salt performance is enhanced and the salt tolerance performance is improved.

[0079] It can be seen that the present invention uses fluorosilicon-modified acrylic emulsion and potassium methyl silicate as the main components. Through reasonable compounding and its fine preparation, the obtained reinforcing material significantly improves the compressive, weather resistance, waterproof and anti-salt properties of the soil samples to varying degrees, and is expected to be further applied in the protection of earthen sites.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Any other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforcement material for protecting earthen ruins, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-65% of fluorosilicone modified acrylic emulsion, 10-20% of potassium methyl silicate, 0.5-2% of dispersion stabilizer, 0.1-0.5% of regulator, 0.5-1.5% of coupling agent, 0.5-3% of penetration enhancer, and the balance is deionized water; The dispersion stabilizer is sodium polyacrylate or dispersant PA-30; the regulator is a combination of citrate and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1: (0.1-0.3); the penetration enhancer is polyethylene glycol 400 or polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether; The method for preparing a reinforcement material for protecting earthen ruins comprises the following steps: S1: at 25-30°C, under stirring, the dispersion stabilizer and deionized water are mixed to prepare a dispersion; S2: Raise the temperature to 30-35°C, slowly drop the diluted potassium methyl silicate solution into the dispersion, and after the dropwise addition is complete, stir until uniform; S3: adding the regulator to the mixed solution obtained in S2 in batches, including: adding the regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10-10.5, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; adding the remaining regulator to the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8.5-9.0, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; S4: adding the coupling agent to the mixed solution obtained in S3 and stirring evenly; S5: Under low-speed stirring conditions, add the fluorosilicone-modified acrylic emulsion to the mixed solution obtained in S4, mix for 20-30 minutes, then add the penetration enhancer, mix evenly, and obtain the product.

2. The reinforcing material for protecting earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscosity of the fluorosilicone modified acrylic emulsion at 25° C. is 500-2000 mPa.s.

3. The reinforcing material for protecting earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling agent is vinyl trimethoxy silane or γ-glycidyl ether oxypropyl trimethoxy silane.

4. The reinforcing material for protecting earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium methyl silicate in S2 is diluted to a concentration of 2-2.5%, and the dropping speed is 2-3 mL / min.

5. The reinforcing material for protecting earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the low-speed stirring in S5 is 300-500 rpm.

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