Slope stabilizer, preparation method thereof and slope reinforcing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a side slope stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and a side slope reinforcing method, the side slope stabilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 20%-30% of bentonite, 15%-25% of fly ash, 10%-20% of an active silica-alumina material, 5%-10% of a biological enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% of cement, and the balance of water. The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1, the stability of the slope is enhanced: the bentonite and the active silicon-aluminum material have a synergistic effect, so that the cohesive force and the shear strength among soil particles are improved, and landslide and collapse are prevented; 2, excellent weather resistance: the material has water erosion resistance, weather resistance and freeze-thaw resistance, and can protect the slope stability under extreme weather conditions; construction is convenient and efficient, materials are sprayed through a wet method, coverage is wide, the construction period is short, and the method is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement. And 4, environmental protection and economy: by utilizing industrial byproducts such as fly ash, the cost is reduced, industrial waste discharge is reduced, and green construction is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and in particular relates to a slope stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and a slope reinforcement method. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth development of mineral resources, open-pit coal mining activities are gradually advancing to a deeper level. The slopes in open-pit coal mining are usually affected by multiple external factors such as gravity, rainfall, wind erosion, freeze-thaw cycles, etc. If effective reinforcement measures are not taken, the soil inside the slope will slide and deform, and in severe cases, even cause landslides and collapse accidents. This not only directly threatens the safety of operators and equipment, but may also have a serious negative impact on the ecological environment and economic benefits.

[0003] At present, common slope reinforcement methods include:

[0004] 1. Retaining wall reinforcement: Use reinforced concrete retaining walls to resist slope sliding. This method requires a lot of reinforced concrete, has a long construction period, and occupies a large space, so it is not suitable for large-area slopes.

[0005] 2. Anchor reinforcement: Anchors are used to fix the slope soil, which is suitable for local reinforcement, but the construction process is complicated and the quality of anchors directly affects the long-term stability of the slope.

[0006] 3. Shotcrete: Spray concrete to cover the slope surface and enhance the integrity of the slope soil. However, the material cost of shotcrete is high, and its adaptability to the environment is poor. It is prone to surface peeling when encountering precipitation or freeze-thaw cycles, and requires frequent repairs, which is costly to maintain.

[0007] Based on the above background, the application of chemical stabilizers in slope reinforcement has gradually attracted attention in recent years. This type of material improves the structural properties of soil through chemical reactions, and enhances adhesion and shear strength. However, existing chemical stabilizers have the following shortcomings:

[0008] 1. High raw material cost: Some chemical stabilizers rely on imported or special raw materials, making them difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0009] 2. Poor environmental protection: Some materials may release harmful substances during use, and their degradation cycle is long, posing a potential threat to the mining area ecosystem.

[0010] 3. Insufficient weather resistance: Under long-term rain erosion or extreme climatic conditions, the stabilizing effect decays quickly.

[0011] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a stabilizer with waste (fly ash) and environmentally friendly biological enzymes as main raw materials, which not only reduces construction costs, but also reduces ecological pollution, and improves the long-term stability and environmental adaptability of slope soil. Summary of the invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slope stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and a slope reinforcement method in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which innovatively adopts the synergistic effect of multiple materials to significantly improve the stability, shear strength and durability of the slope soil, while taking into account construction costs and environmental protection.

[0013] The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is to provide a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% biological enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance is water.

[0014] Preferably, the bentonite is natural calcium-based bentonite or natural sodium-based bentonite, with a swelling multiple of not less than 20 and a particle size of less than 200 meshes.

[0015] Preferably, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is not less than 50 wt%.

[0016] Preferably, the active silicon-aluminum material is one or more of slag powder, volcanic ash, and activated alumina, and has a specific surface area greater than 400 m 2 / kg.

[0017] Preferably, the biological enzyme stabilizer is one or more of proteases, polysaccharidase, protease derivatives, and polysaccharidase derivatives having binding activity, and the enzyme activity is above 5000 IU / g.

[0018] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement with a grade not lower than 42.5.

[0019] Functions and effects of the main raw materials of slope stabilizers

[0020] 1. Bentonite: Bentonite is a hydrous clay mineral mainly composed of montmorillonite, which has excellent swelling, cohesiveness and adsorption. In the present invention, bentonite tightly binds the slope soil particles through its strong adsorption effect, significantly improving the cohesiveness and stability of the soil.

[0021] 2. Fly ash: Fly ash is an industrial byproduct produced during coal combustion and contains a large amount of active oxides. The present invention utilizes its good volcanic ash activity to form stable chemical bonds with other materials, greatly improving the durability and anti-erosion ability of slope materials.

[0022] 3. Active silicon-aluminum materials: By adding active silicon-aluminum materials such as slag powder or volcanic ash, the shear strength and weather resistance of the stabilizer can be further improved to ensure its long-term stability in extreme environments.

[0023] 4. Bio-enzyme stabilizer: Selecting proteases or polysaccharides with bonding activity as stabilizers can promote the biological cross-linking between soil particles, improve bonding activity, and achieve green environmental protection.

[0024] 5. Cement: As a basic cementitious material, cement forms a high-strength consolidated body under the synergistic effect of fly ash and silicon-alumina materials, improving the material's compression resistance and water erosion resistance.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Mix and grind bentonite, active silicon-aluminum material and fly ash;

[0027] (2) Dry material mixing: dry mixing the pretreated bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0028] (3) Wet material preparation: adding water to the dry material mixture and wet stirring to obtain a slurry;

[0029] (4) Spraying construction: Cover the slurry on the surface of the slope to be reinforced;

[0030] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After covering is completed, the slope is naturally cured and water is sprayed during the curing period to promote the solidification of the stabilizer.

[0031] Preferably, in step (1), the powder particles are ground to a size less than 200 mesh.

[0032] Preferably, in the covering construction process in step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used, and the spraying pressure is 5-8 MPa.

[0033] Preferably, the curing time in step (5) is 5 to 7 days, and water is sprayed every 2 hours in a dry or hot environment.

[0034] The present invention also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface;

[0036] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0037] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and water is sprayed according to actual climatic conditions;

[0038] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0039] Preferably, the spraying thickness in step (2) is 5-10 cm.

[0040] Preferably, during the slope cleaning process in step (1), a high-pressure water gun is used to clean the surface and remove accumulated water.

[0041] Preferably, during the curing period in step (3), the evaporation rate on the slope surface is controlled by installing a sunshade net or covering with a moisturizing film.

[0042] The main technical innovations of the slope stabilizer and its preparation method and the slope reinforcement method of the present invention include:

[0043] 1. Innovative application of active silicon-aluminum materials: The specific surface area of ​​active silicon-aluminum materials is greater than 400m 2 / kg, it can synergize with the active alumina in fly ash to generate silicate and aluminate gels. These gels form a stable three-dimensional network structure between soil particles, greatly improving the shear strength and durability.

[0044] 2. Green improvement of bio-enzyme stabilizers: By optimizing the activity of bio-enzymes, the cross-linking and bonding effects between particles are enhanced, while ensuring their degradability and reducing the impact on the environment.

[0045] 3. Adaptive design: According to different geological conditions and climatic environments (such as high-water-content soil, sandy soil or freeze-thaw cycle areas), adjust the proportion of each component to ensure the reinforcement effect while reducing material costs.

[0046] 4. Convenience of construction: Through wet spraying technology, the proportion of materials can be adjusted to adapt to different geological and climatic conditions and optimize the slope reinforcement effect.

[0047] 5. Economical and environmentally friendly: The present invention makes extensive use of industrial by-products such as fly ash to replace traditional chemical stabilizers, reducing material costs by 20%-30%; the efficiency of slope reinforcement construction is increased by more than 20%, the construction period is shortened, the manpower and resource investment required during maintenance is greatly reduced, and the overall cost is lower; by utilizing industrial waste resource processing, each ton of slope stabilizer can reduce industrial waste emissions by about 30%, reduce environmental pollution, and comply with the concept of green construction; the bio-enzyme stabilizer is a degradable material, the construction process is non-toxic and harmless, and is friendly to the mining area ecosystem.

[0048] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method and slope reinforcement method of the present invention are beneficial

[0049] The effect is as follows:

[0050] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0051] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0052] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0053] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for preparing the slope stabilizer in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

[0058] 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% biological enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance is water.

[0059] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising:

[0060] Next steps:

[0061] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Mix and grind bentonite, active silicon-aluminum material and fly ash;

[0062] (2) Dry material mixing: dry mixing the pretreated bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0063] (3) Wet material preparation: adding water to the dry material mixture and wet stirring to obtain a slurry;

[0064] (4) Spraying construction: Cover the slurry on the surface of the slope to be reinforced;

[0065] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After covering is completed, the slope is naturally cured and water is sprayed during the curing period to promote the solidification of the stabilizer.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps:

[0067] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface;

[0068] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0069] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and water is sprayed according to actual climatic conditions;

[0070] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0071] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0072] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0073] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0074] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0075] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] The present embodiment provides a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% bio-enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance being water.

[0078] Specifically, the slope stabilizer in this embodiment is a slope stabilizer used in open-pit coal mining.

[0079] The slope stabilizer can significantly improve the shear strength, weather resistance and ecological stability of the slope by combining the adsorption of bentonite, the reactivity of active silica-alumina materials, the chemical synergistic effect of the bio-enzyme stabilizer and the consolidation effect of cement.

[0080] The stabilizer in this embodiment is an economical, environmentally friendly and weather-resistant slope stabilizer.

[0081] Preferably, the bentonite is natural calcium-based bentonite or natural sodium-based bentonite, with a swelling multiple of not less than 20, and is used after being ground or activated to ensure that its particle size is less than 200 meshes to improve mixing uniformity and reactivity with other components.

[0082] Preferably, the fly ash is an industrial by-product, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is not less than 50wt%, and it is used after high-temperature calcination or screening to remove impurities. Its main components are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, which can react with cement to produce pozzolanic reaction, further improving the cementitious properties and durability of the slope stabilizer.

[0083] Preferably, the active silicon-aluminum material is one or more of slag powder, volcanic ash, and activated alumina, and has a specific surface area greater than 400 m 2 / kg. Active silica-alumina materials can generate a large amount of silicate gel and aluminate gel through reaction, thereby enhancing the compressive strength and stability of slope soil.

[0084] Preferably, the bio-enzyme stabilizer is one or more of protease, polysaccharidase, protease derivative, polysaccharidase derivative with bonding activity, and the enzyme activity is above 5000 IU / g. The bio-enzyme promotes the rearrangement and solidification of the soil structure through the surface chemical reaction with the soil particles, and significantly enhances the eco-friendliness and bonding activity of the slope stabilizer.

[0085] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement with a grade not lower than 42.5. The cement is high-strength silicate cement, which mainly improves the early strength and curing efficiency of the material and ensures that the slope obtains a good stabilization effect in a short time.

[0086] By optimizing the bio-enzyme stabilizer in the formula, it can promote the surface activity of the slope soil in the early maintenance stage after spraying, forming a more compacted consolidation layer, thereby significantly improving the anti-water erosion performance.

[0087] The stabilizer can adjust the ratio of active silicon-aluminum materials to fly ash according to the geological conditions of the mining area, and is adaptable to sandy, clayey or high-water-content slope soils.

[0088] Functions and effects of the main raw materials of slope stabilizers

[0089] 1. Bentonite: Bentonite is a hydrous clay mineral mainly composed of montmorillonite, which has excellent swelling, cohesiveness and adsorption. In the present invention, bentonite tightly binds the slope soil particles through its strong adsorption effect, significantly improving the cohesiveness and stability of the soil.

[0090] 2. Fly ash: Fly ash is an industrial byproduct produced during coal combustion and contains a large amount of active oxides. The present invention utilizes its good volcanic ash activity to form stable chemical bonds with other materials, greatly improving the durability and anti-erosion ability of slope materials.

[0091] 3. Active silicon-aluminum materials: By adding active silicon-aluminum materials such as slag powder or volcanic ash, the shear strength and weather resistance of the stabilizer can be further improved to ensure its long-term stability in extreme environments.

[0092] 4. Bio-enzyme stabilizer: Selecting proteases or polysaccharides with bonding activity as stabilizers can promote the biological cross-linking between soil particles, improve bonding activity, and achieve green environmental protection.

[0093] 5. Cement: As a basic cementitious material, cement forms a high-strength consolidated body under the synergistic effect of fly ash and silicon-alumina materials, improving the material's compression resistance and water erosion resistance.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0095] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Bentonite, active silica-alumina material and fly ash are mixed and ground in proportion to ensure particle refinement and uniform distribution to improve the uniformity and activity of the material;

[0096] (2) Dry material mixing: add the ground bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer into a mixer in proportion, and dry mix for 5 minutes to form a homogeneous powder to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0097] (3) Wet material preparation: gradually add appropriate amount of water to the dry material mixture and wet stir until a uniform slurry with good fluidity is formed. The slurry should have good fluidity and adhesion;

[0098] (4) Spraying construction: The slurry is evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope to be reinforced by a spraying device. The spraying thickness is adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. The construction parameters are adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. Preferably, the spraying thickness is 5-10 cm;

[0099] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After spraying, the slope is naturally cured. During the curing period, water is sprayed to keep it moist to promote the full curing of the stabilizer and achieve the designed strength.

[0100] Preferably, in step (1), the powder particles are ground to a size of less than 200 meshes to improve the activity and mixing uniformity of the material and enhance the overall performance of the slope stabilizer. Of course, the powder particles can also be ground to a size of less than 200 meshes by screening.

[0101] Preferably, in the covering construction process in step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used, and the spraying pressure is 5-8 MPa to ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed and tightly bonded to the slope surface.

[0102] Preferably, the curing time in step (5) is appropriately extended according to weather conditions, and the curing time is 5 to 7 days. During the curing period, water should be sprayed appropriately according to weather conditions to keep the material moist to ensure that the material is fully cured and the strength is improved. In a dry or hot environment, water is sprayed every 2 hours to prevent the stabilizer from losing water early, resulting in insufficient curing strength.

[0103] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps:

[0104] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface to ensure the surface is clean and flat;

[0105] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is evenly covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0106] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed according to the actual climatic conditions to ensure moist and uniform maintenance;

[0107] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0108] Preferably, the spraying thickness in step (2) is 5-10 cm.

[0109] Preferably, during the slope cleaning process in step (1), a high-pressure water gun is used to clean the surface, and excess water is removed in time to prevent affecting the bonding properties of the stabilizer.

[0110] Preferably, during the curing period in step (3), the evaporation rate of the slope surface is further controlled by installing a sunshade net or covering with a moisturizing film, which is suitable for slope reinforcement construction in high temperature or arid areas.

[0111] Preferably, by adjusting the formula ratio of the slope stabilizer, the formula can be optimized for different geological conditions and climatic environments to ensure the pertinence and high efficiency of the slope reinforcement material.

[0112] Specifically, the slope stabilizer and its preparation method and slope reinforcement method in this embodiment are widely used in open-pit coal mines, foundation pit excavation and landslide control projects. The slope stabilizer is an economical and environmentally friendly slope stabilizer.

[0113] General slope stability requirements:

[0114] In an open-pit coal mine slope under normal climatic conditions, the slope soil is mainly sandy soil, partially contains a small amount of clay soil, the slope height is 15 meters, and the slope is 45°. The slope stabilizer of the present invention is used, and the formula ratio is: 20% bentonite, 25% fly ash, 15% active silicon aluminum material, 5% biological enzyme stabilizer, and 30% cement.

[0115] Use high-pressure spraying equipment (spraying pressure 5MPa) to evenly cover the slurry on the slope surface, the spraying thickness is 8cm, and the curing time is 5 days. In this formula, bentonite provides a higher particle bonding force, and fly ash and active silicon-aluminum materials work synergistically to generate silicate and aluminate gel layers, further improving the consolidation performance of the slope surface. The test results show that the shear strength of the slope surface is increased from the initial 50kPa to 151kPa, which significantly enhances the shear resistance of the slope material, and the water erosion resistance is significantly enhanced, which is suitable for the slope stability requirements of conventional mining areas. Specifically, the shear strength test in the test methods of Examples 2 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 can be based on the following standards: GB / T 50123-2019 "Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods".

[0116] The detection method and instruments are as follows:

[0117] 1. Shear strength test

[0118] Method: Direct shear test was used to determine the shear strength of slope materials under a certain normal pressure.

[0119] Instrument: Direct shear apparatus.

[0120] Instrument model: GDS Instruments SHEARTEST (automatic direct shear instrument).

[0121] 2. Water erosion resistance test

[0122] Method: A simulated rain erosion test was used to evaluate the anti-water erosion performance of the material according to the mass loss rate of the test samples.

[0123] Instrument: artificial rainfall simulation device.

[0124] Instrument model: PMS-3 rainfall simulator.

[0125] The main technical innovations of the slope stabilizer and its preparation method and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment include:

[0126] 1. Innovative application of active silicon-aluminum materials: The specific surface area of ​​active silicon-aluminum materials is greater than 400m 2 / kg, it can synergize with the active alumina in fly ash to generate silicate and aluminate gels. These gels form a stable three-dimensional network structure between soil particles, greatly improving the shear strength and durability.

[0127] 2. Green improvement of bio-enzyme stabilizers: By optimizing the activity of bio-enzymes, the cross-linking and bonding effects between particles are enhanced, while ensuring their degradability and reducing the impact on the environment.

[0128] 3. Adaptive design: According to different geological conditions and climatic environments (such as high-water-content soil, sandy soil or freeze-thaw cycle areas), adjust the proportion of each component to ensure the reinforcement effect while reducing material costs.

[0129] 4. Convenience of construction: Through wet spraying technology, the proportion of materials can be adjusted to adapt to different geological and climatic conditions and optimize the slope reinforcement effect.

[0130] 5. Economical and environmentally friendly: The present invention makes extensive use of industrial by-products such as fly ash to replace traditional chemical stabilizers, reducing material costs by 20%-30%; the efficiency of slope reinforcement construction is increased by more than 20%, the construction period is shortened, the manpower and resource investment required during maintenance is greatly reduced, and the overall cost is lower; by utilizing industrial waste resource processing, each ton of slope stabilizer can reduce industrial waste emissions by about 30%, reduce environmental pollution, and comply with the concept of green construction; the bio-enzyme stabilizer is a degradable material, the construction process is non-toxic and harmless, and is friendly to the mining area ecosystem.

[0131] The present embodiment provides an economical, environmentally friendly, weather-resistant slope stabilizer and its preparation method, which aims to solve the problems of poor slope stability, high risk of landslide and collapse in open-pit coal mining, while reducing construction costs and reducing environmental pollution. The slope stabilizer is designed through a scientific formula, mainly composed of bentonite, fly ash, active silicon-aluminum material, biological enzyme stabilizer, cement and appropriate amount of water as the main components. The components work synergistically to generate silicate and aluminate gel layers, which significantly improve the cohesion, shear strength and durability of the slope soil body, while achieving green environmental protection and economic efficiency. Its preparation method includes steps such as raw material pretreatment, dry material mixing, wet material preparation, spraying construction and natural maintenance. The construction is convenient and efficient, and it is suitable for a variety of geological and climatic conditions. Compared with the prior art, this embodiment significantly improves the stability, weather resistance and water erosion resistance of the soil body through the eco-friendly nature of biological enzymes and the gel performance innovation of active silicon-aluminum materials, while reducing construction costs, and has extremely high promotion value.

[0132] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0133] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0134] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0135] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0136] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0137] Example 3 (Slope reinforcement in high rainfall areas)

[0138] In a high-precipitation mining area with an annual rainfall of more than 1500 mm, the slope soil is a mixture of clay and sandy soil, with a slope height of 20 meters and a slope of 50°. In order to cope with the soil scouring and slope sliding problems caused by high rainfall, the slope stabilizer of the present invention is used, which is different from the slope stabilizer in Example 2 in that the formula ratio is: 25% bentonite, 20% fly ash, 15% active silicon aluminum material, 7% bio-enzyme stabilizer, and 28% cement.

[0139] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps, which are different from the slope reinforcement method in Example 2 in that:

[0140] The spraying thickness is 10cm, and the high-pressure spraying equipment (spraying pressure 6MPa) is used for construction, and the curing time is 7 days. In this formula, bentonite and bio-enzyme stabilizer work together to form a tight particle arrangement and bonding layer. At the same time, the active silicon-aluminum material reacts with cement and fly ash to generate a stable gelling substance, which effectively enhances the ability to resist water erosion. The test results show that under continuous heavy rain conditions, the spalling rate of the slope soil is less than 3%, and the shear strength of the slope surface increases from the initial 90kPa to 264.6kPa, and the shear strength increases by about 1.9 times, which greatly improves the long-term stability of the slope.

[0141] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0142] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0143] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0144] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0145] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0146] Example 4 (Slope reinforcement in cold regions)

[0147] In a cold mining area with an average annual temperature below -10°C, the slope soil is sandy soil with a partially intermixed freeze-thaw layer, a slope height of 12 meters, and a slope of 40°. Slopes in cold areas usually suffer from severe surface cracking and slippage due to freeze-thaw cycles. For this reason, the slope stabilizer of the present invention is used, which is different from the slope stabilizer in Example 2 in that the formula ratio of the slope stabilizer of the present invention is: 20% bentonite, 15% fly ash, 20% active silicon aluminum material, 10% biological enzyme stabilizer, and 25% cement.

[0148] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps, which are different from the slope reinforcement method in Example 2 in that:

[0149] The spraying thickness is 7cm, the spraying pressure is 5MPa, the curing time is extended to 10 days, and a moisturizing film is covered during the curing period to prevent early water loss. The high proportion of bentonite and biological enzymes provides excellent bonding performance and eco-friendliness. At the same time, the active silicon-aluminum material generates a stable gel layer during the freeze-thaw cycle to prevent cracks and particle separation. The results show that after 50 freeze-thaw cycles, there is no obvious cracking on the slope surface, the compressive strength retention rate can reach 85%-90%, and the shear strength of the slope surface is increased from the initial 40kPa to 118.5kPa, and the shear strength has increased by about 2.0 times, which is significantly better than the traditional shotcrete technology.

[0150] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0151] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0152] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0153] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0154] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0155] Example 5 (Slope reinforcement of soil with high water content)

[0156] In a high groundwater mining area, the slope soil is mainly sandy soil with a water content of more than 25%, a slope height of 15 meters, and a slope of 50°. The stabilizer of the present invention is different from the slope stabilizer in Example 2 in that the formula is adjusted as follows: 25% bentonite, 18% fly ash, 10% active silicon aluminum material, 6% bio-enzyme stabilizer, and 28% cement.

[0157] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps, which are different from the slope reinforcement method in Example 2 in that:

[0158] The spraying thickness was controlled at 12cm, the spraying pressure was 6MPa, and the curing time was 10 days. Through the synergistic effect of the bonding properties of the active silicon-aluminum material and the adsorption properties of bentonite, a stable consolidation layer was formed between the sandy soil particles, significantly reducing the destructive power of moisture on the soil structure. The test results showed that the shear strength of the slope surface increased from the initial 60kPa to 168kPa, an increase of about 1.8 times, and the spalling rate was less than 2%.

[0159] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0160] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0161] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0162] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0163] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0164] Example 6 (Sand and gravel layer slope reinforcement)

[0165] In a certain gravel layer slope, the slope height is 18 meters, the slope is 55 degrees, the surface particle bonding force of the slope is poor, and the stability is low. The stabilizer of the present invention is different from the slope stabilizer in Example 2 in that the formula is adjusted as follows: 20% bentonite, 15% fly ash, 15% active silicon aluminum material, 10% bio-enzyme stabilizer, and 30% cement.

[0166] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps, which are different from the slope reinforcement method in Example 2 in that:

[0167] The spraying thickness was controlled at 10cm and the spraying pressure was 5MPa. The test results showed that the bonding force was significantly enhanced, the slope particle slip phenomenon was reduced, and the shear strength of the slope surface was increased from the initial 30kPa to 97kPa, an increase of about 2.2 times.

[0168] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0169] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0170] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0171] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0172] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0173] Comparative Example

[0174] Comparative Example 1 (Ordinary slope without stabilizer)

[0175] In an open-pit coal mine slope under normal climatic conditions, the slope soil is mainly sandy soil, with a small amount of clay in some parts, the slope height is 15 meters, and the slope is 45°. No reinforcement treatment was performed on the slope, and it was directly exposed to the natural environment. The results are as follows:

[0176] 1. Changes in slope surface: Due to wind erosion and rain scouring, the surface of the slope peels off on a large scale in a short period of time, some soil slides significantly, and the slope surface becomes loose.

[0177] 2. Changes in shear strength: The initial shear strength was low (about 50 kPa), and it dropped by about 35% after one month, and the slope stability was significantly reduced.

[0178] 3. Slope stability: After heavy rains, the slopes partially collapsed and needed emergency repair.

[0179] Compared with Example 2, the slope stabilizer of the present invention can significantly improve the shear strength and durability, and reduce soil sliding and spalling.

[0180] Comparative Example 2 (Application of traditional shotcrete in high rainfall areas)

[0181] In a high-precipitation mining area with an annual rainfall of more than 1500mm, the slope soil is a mixture of clay and sandy soil, with a slope height of 20 meters and a slope of 50°. The slope was reinforced using traditional cement spraying concrete technology, with a spraying thickness of 10cm and a curing time of 7 days. The results are as follows:

[0182] 1. Changes in slope surface: After spraying, cracks and partial peeling appeared on the concrete surface after continuous heavy rain; the bonding force between the cement layer and the soil was weak, resulting in delamination problems.

[0183] 2. Changes in shear strength: The initial shear strength increased to about 42%, but after multiple rainfall erosions, the shear strength decreased by about 20%.

[0184] 3. Durability: In high rainfall environments, the spalling rate of slope soil reaches more than 10%, requiring regular repair and maintenance, increasing construction costs.

[0185] Compared with Example 3, the slope stabilizer of the present invention significantly enhances water erosion resistance through the synergistic effect of biological enzymes and active silicon-aluminum materials, with a peeling rate of less than 3% and higher long-term stability.

[0186] Comparative Example 3 (Unreinforced Slope in Cold Regions)

[0187] In a cold mining area with an average annual temperature below -10℃, the slope soil is sandy soil with some frozen-thaw layers, the slope height is 12 meters, and the slope is 40°. No reinforcement treatment was done on the slope, and it was directly exposed to the natural environment of freeze-thaw cycles. The results are as follows:

[0188] 1. Changes in slope surface: After 10 freeze-thaw cycles, obvious cracks appeared on the slope surface, accompanied by loosening and sliding of soil particles; after 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the crack range of the slope surface further expanded, and local slope collapse occurred.

[0189] 2. Changes in shear strength: The initial shear strength is about 40 kPa. After 50 freeze-thaw cycles, it drops to less than 50%, and the risk of slope instability increases significantly.

[0190] 3. Changes in compressive strength: After freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength retention rate of the slope soil is less than 60%.

[0191] Compared with Example 4, the slope stabilizer of the present invention optimizes the ratio of bentonite to active silicon-aluminum material, effectively prevents crack propagation caused by freeze-thaw cycles, and the compressive strength retention rate reaches 85%-90%, which significantly improves the long-term stability of slopes in cold regions.

[0192] Comparative Example 4 (Application of traditional shotcrete in cold regions)

[0193] In a cold mining area with an average annual temperature below -10℃, the slope soil is sandy soil with partial frozen-thaw layers. The slope height is 12 meters and the slope is 40°. The traditional shotcrete technology is used to reinforce the slope. The spraying thickness is 7cm and the curing time is 10 days. The results are as follows:

[0194] 1. Changes in slope surface: After spraying, obvious cracks appeared in the concrete layer and local peeling occurred after 20 freeze-thaw cycles. After 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the crack range expanded, the concrete layer peeled off severely, and the slope soil was exposed and began to slide.

[0195] 2. Changes in shear strength: The initial shear strength increased to about 40%, but dropped to less than 60% after freeze-thaw, and the slope stability decreased significantly.

[0196] 3. Change in compressive strength: After 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength retention rate of the concrete layer is less than 70%.

[0197] Compared with Example 4, the slope stabilizer of the present invention provides excellent bonding performance through a high proportion of bentonite and biological enzymes, and the active silicon-aluminum material forms a dense gel layer to avoid the expansion of freeze-thaw cracks, which is significantly better than traditional shotcrete.

[0198] Example 7

[0199] The present embodiment provides a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% bentonite, 23% fly ash, 18% active silicon-aluminum material, 8% bio-enzyme stabilizer, 20% cement, and the balance being water.

[0200] Preferably, the bentonite is natural calcium-based bentonite with a swelling multiple of not less than 30, and is used after being ground or activated to ensure that its particle size is less than 300 meshes, so as to improve mixing uniformity and reactivity with other components.

[0201] Preferably, the fly ash is an industrial by-product, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is not less than 50wt%, and it is used after high-temperature calcination or screening to remove impurities. Its main components are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, which can react with cement to produce pozzolanic reaction, further improving the cementitious properties and durability of the slope stabilizer.

[0202] Preferably, the active silicon-aluminum material is slag powder with a specific surface area greater than 400m 2 / kg. Active silica-alumina materials can generate a large amount of silicate gel and aluminate gel through reaction, thereby enhancing the compressive strength and stability of slope soil.

[0203] Preferably, the bio-enzyme stabilizer is a protease or protease derivative with bonding activity (mass ratio is 3:1), and the enzyme activity is above 6000 IU / g. The bio-enzyme promotes the rearrangement and solidification of the soil structure through the surface chemical reaction with the soil particles, and significantly enhances the eco-friendliness and bonding activity of the slope stabilizer.

[0204] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement with a grade not lower than 42.5. The cement is high-strength silicate cement, which mainly improves the early strength and curing efficiency of the material and ensures that the slope obtains a good stabilization effect in a short time.

[0205] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0206] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Bentonite, active silica-alumina material and fly ash are mixed and ground in proportion to ensure particle refinement and uniform distribution to improve the uniformity and activity of the material;

[0207] (2) Dry material mixing: add the ground bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer into a mixer in proportion, and dry mix for 5 minutes to form a homogeneous powder to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0208] (3) Wet material preparation: gradually add appropriate amount of water to the dry material mixture and wet stir until a uniform slurry with good fluidity is formed. The slurry should have good fluidity and adhesion;

[0209] (4) Spraying construction: The slurry is evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope to be reinforced by a spraying device. The spraying thickness is adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. The construction parameters are adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. Preferably, the spraying thickness is 5 cm;

[0210] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After spraying, the slope is naturally cured. During the curing period, water is sprayed to keep it moist to promote the full curing of the stabilizer and achieve the designed strength.

[0211] Preferably, in step (1), the powder particles are refined to a size of 300 mesh or more through a grinding process to improve the activity and mixing uniformity of the material and enhance the overall performance of the slope stabilizer.

[0212] Preferably, in the covering construction process in step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used, and the spraying pressure is 8 MPa to ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed and tightly bonded to the slope surface.

[0213] Preferably, the curing time in step (5) is appropriately extended according to weather conditions, and the curing time is 6 days.

[0214] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps:

[0215] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface to ensure the surface is clean and flat;

[0216] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is evenly covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0217] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed according to the actual climatic conditions to ensure moist and uniform maintenance;

[0218] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0219] Preferably, the spraying thickness in step (2) is 5 cm.

[0220] Preferably, during the curing period in step (3), the evaporation rate of the slope surface is further controlled by covering with a moisturizing film, which is suitable for slope reinforcement construction in high temperature or arid areas.

[0221] The test results show that the shear strength of the slope surface is 132kPa, which is about 1.6 times higher than that of the conventional mining areas. The water erosion resistance is significantly enhanced, which is suitable for the slope stability requirements of conventional mining areas.

[0222] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0223] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0224] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0225] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0226] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0227] Example 8

[0228] The present embodiment provides a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% bio-enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance being water.

[0229] Preferably, the bentonite is natural sodium-based bentonite with a swelling multiple of not less than 40, and is used after being ground or activated to ensure that its particle size is less than 400 meshes to improve mixing uniformity and reactivity with other components.

[0230] Preferably, the fly ash is an industrial by-product, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is not less than 60wt%, and it is used after high-temperature calcination or screening to remove impurities. Its main components are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, which can react with cement to produce pozzolanic reaction, further improving the cementitious properties and durability of the slope stabilizer.

[0231] Preferably, the active silicon-aluminum material is volcanic ash with a specific surface area greater than 450 m 2 / kg. Active silica-alumina materials can generate a large amount of silicate gel and aluminate gel through reaction, thereby enhancing the compressive strength and stability of slope soil.

[0232] Preferably, the bio-enzyme stabilizer is a polysaccharidase and a polysaccharidase derivative (mass ratio 2:1) with bonding activity, and the enzyme activity is above 6500 IU / g. The bio-enzyme promotes the rearrangement and solidification of the soil structure through the surface chemical reaction with the soil particles, significantly enhancing the eco-friendliness and bonding activity of the slope stabilizer.

[0233] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement, and the grade is not less than 45. The cement is high-strength silicate cement, which mainly improves the early strength and curing efficiency of the material and ensures that the slope obtains a good stabilization effect in a short time.

[0234] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0235] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Bentonite, active silica-alumina material and fly ash are mixed and ground in proportion to ensure particle refinement and uniform distribution to improve the uniformity and activity of the material;

[0236] (2) Dry material mixing: add the ground bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer into a mixer in proportion, and dry mix for 5 minutes to form a homogeneous powder to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0237] (3) Wet material preparation: gradually add appropriate amount of water to the dry material mixture and wet stir until a uniform slurry with good fluidity is formed. The slurry should have good fluidity and adhesion;

[0238] (4) Spraying construction: The slurry is evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope to be reinforced by a spraying device. The spraying thickness is adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. The construction parameters are adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. Preferably, the spraying thickness is 6 cm;

[0239] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After spraying, the slope is naturally cured. During the curing period, water is sprayed to keep it moist to promote the full curing of the stabilizer and achieve the designed strength.

[0240] Preferably, in step (1), the powder particles are refined to a size of 400 mesh or more through a grinding process to improve the activity and mixing uniformity of the material and enhance the overall performance of the slope stabilizer.

[0241] Preferably, in the covering construction process in step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used, and the spraying pressure is 7 MPa to ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed and tightly bonded to the slope surface.

[0242] Preferably, the curing time in step (5) is appropriately extended according to weather conditions, and the curing time is 5 days.

[0243] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps:

[0244] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface to ensure the surface is clean and flat;

[0245] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is evenly covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0246] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed according to the actual climatic conditions to ensure moist and uniform maintenance;

[0247] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0248] Preferably, the spraying thickness in step (2) is 6 cm.

[0249] Preferably, during the curing period in step (3), the evaporation rate of the slope surface is further controlled by covering with a moisturizing film, which is suitable for slope reinforcement construction in high temperature or arid areas.

[0250] The test results show that the shear strength of the slope surface is 147kPa, which is about 1.9 times higher than that of the conventional mining areas. The water erosion resistance is significantly enhanced, which is suitable for the slope stability requirements of conventional mining areas.

[0251] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0252] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0253] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0254] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0255] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0256] Example 9

[0257] The present embodiment provides a slope stabilizer, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% bio-enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance being water.

[0258] Preferably, the bentonite is natural calcium-based bentonite with a swelling multiple of not less than 20, and is used after being ground or activated to ensure that its particle size is less than 200 meshes to improve mixing uniformity and reactivity with other components.

[0259] Preferably, the fly ash is an industrial by-product, the silicon dioxide content in the fly ash is not less than 65wt%, and it is used after high-temperature calcination or screening to remove impurities. Its main components are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, which can react with cement to produce pozzolanic reaction, further improving the cementitious properties and durability of the slope stabilizer.

[0260] Preferably, the active silicon-aluminum material is slag powder and volcanic ash (mass ratio 1:1), with a specific surface area greater than 500m 2 / kg. Active silica-alumina materials can generate a large amount of silicate gel and aluminate gel through reaction, thereby enhancing the compressive strength and stability of slope soil.

[0261] Preferably, the bio-enzyme stabilizer is a protease with bonding activity, and the enzyme activity is above 5000 IU / g. The bio-enzyme promotes the rearrangement and solidification of the soil structure through the surface chemical reaction with the soil particles, and significantly enhances the eco-friendliness and bonding activity of the slope stabilizer.

[0262] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement, and the grade is not less than 50. The cement is high-strength silicate cement, which mainly improves the early strength and curing efficiency of the material and ensures that the slope obtains a good stabilization effect in a short time.

[0263] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned slope stabilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0264] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Bentonite, active silica-alumina material and fly ash are mixed and ground in proportion to ensure particle refinement and uniform distribution to improve the uniformity and activity of the material;

[0265] (2) Dry material mixing: add the ground bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer into a mixer in proportion, and dry mix for 5 minutes to form a homogeneous powder to obtain a dry material mixture;

[0266] (3) Wet material preparation: gradually add appropriate amount of water to the dry material mixture and wet stir until a uniform slurry with good fluidity is formed. The slurry should have good fluidity and adhesion;

[0267] (4) Spraying construction: The slurry is evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope to be reinforced by spraying equipment. The spraying thickness is adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. The construction parameters are adjusted according to the slope gradient and soil conditions. Preferably, the spraying thickness is 9 cm;

[0268] (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After spraying, the slope is naturally cured. During the curing period, water is sprayed to keep it moist to promote the full curing of the stabilizer and achieve the designed strength.

[0269] Preferably, in step (1), the powder particles are ground to a size less than 200 meshes to improve the activity and mixing uniformity of the material and enhance the overall performance of the slope stabilizer.

[0270] Preferably, in the covering construction process in step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used, and the spraying pressure is 6 MPa to ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed and tightly combined with the slope surface.

[0271] Preferably, the curing time in step (5) is appropriately extended according to weather conditions, and the curing time is 7 days.

[0272] This embodiment also provides a slope reinforcement method, which uses the above-mentioned slope stabilizer to reinforce the slope, including the following steps:

[0273] (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface to ensure the surface is clean and flat;

[0274] (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is evenly covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment;

[0275] (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed according to the actual climatic conditions to ensure moist and uniform maintenance;

[0276] (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

[0277] Preferably, the spraying thickness in step (2) is 9 cm.

[0278] Preferably, during the maintenance period in step (3), a sunshade net is installed to further control the evaporation rate on the slope surface, which is suitable for slope reinforcement construction in high temperature or arid areas.

[0279] The test results show that the shear strength of the slope surface is 165kPa, which is about 2.3 times higher than that of the conventional mining area. The water erosion resistance is significantly enhanced, which is suitable for the slope stability requirements of conventional mining areas.

[0280] The slope stabilizer and its preparation method, and the slope reinforcement method in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0281] 1. Enhance slope stability: Bentonite and active silica-alumina materials work together to significantly improve the bonding force and shear strength between soil particles, preventing landslides and collapses.

[0282] 2. Excellent weather resistance: The material has good resistance to water erosion, weathering and freeze-thaw, and can protect the stability of slopes for a long time under extreme climatic conditions.

[0283] 3. Convenient and efficient construction: The material is applied by wet spraying, which has a wide coverage and short construction period, and is suitable for large-area slope reinforcement.

[0284] 4. Green and environmentally friendly economy: Utilize industrial by-products such as fly ash to reduce costs, while reducing industrial waste emissions and achieving green construction.

[0285] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope stabilizer, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following weight percentages: 20%-30% bentonite, 15%-25% fly ash, 10%-20% active silicon-aluminum material, 5%-10% biological enzyme stabilizer, 20%-30% cement, and the balance is water.

2. The slope stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bentonite is natural calcium-based bentonite or natural sodium-based bentonite, with a swelling multiple of not less than 20 and a particle size of less than 200 meshes.

3. The slope stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicon dioxide content in fly ash is not less than 50wt%.

4. The slope stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active silicon-aluminum material is one or more of slag powder, volcanic ash, and activated alumina, and has a specific surface area greater than 400m 2 / kg.

5. The slope stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological enzyme stabilizer is one or more of proteases, polysaccharidase, protease derivatives and polysaccharidase derivatives with bonding activity, and the enzyme activity is above 5000 IU / g.

6. The slope stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement is silicate cement with a grade not lower than 42.

5.

7. A method for preparing the slope stabilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Raw material pretreatment: Mix and grind bentonite, active silicon-aluminum material and fly ash; (2) Dry material mixing: dry mixing the pretreated bentonite, active silica-alumina material, fly ash, cement and bio-enzyme stabilizer to obtain a dry material mixture; (3) Wet material preparation: adding water to the dry material mixture and wet stirring to obtain a slurry; (4) Spraying construction: Cover the slurry on the surface of the slope to be reinforced; (5) Maintenance and reinforcement: After covering is completed, the slope is naturally cured and water is sprayed during the curing period to promote the solidification of the stabilizer.

8. The method for preparing a slope stabilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (1), the powder particles are ground to a size less than 200 mesh.

9. The method for preparing a slope stabilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (4), high-pressure spraying equipment is used during the covering construction process, and the spraying pressure is 5-8 MPa.

10. The method for preparing a slope stabilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The curing time in step (5) is 5 to 7 days, and water is sprayed once every 2 hours in a dry or hot environment.

11. A slope reinforcement method, characterized in that: The slope stabilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for slope reinforcement, comprising the following steps: (1) Slope cleaning: remove loose soil, gravel and plant residues on the slope surface; (2) Slope spraying: The prepared slope stabilizer is covered on the slope surface by high-pressure spraying equipment; (3) Maintenance management: After spraying, the slope is naturally maintained and water is sprayed according to actual climatic conditions; (4) Effect monitoring: After the maintenance is completed, the shear strength, water erosion resistance and durability of the slope are monitored to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the stabilizer.

12. The slope reinforcement method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The spraying thickness in step (2) is 5-10 cm.

13. The slope reinforcement method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In the process of cleaning the slope in step (1), a high-pressure water gun is used to clean the surface and remove accumulated water.

14. The slope reinforcement method according to claim 11, characterized in that: During the curing period in step (3), the evaporation rate on the slope surface is controlled by installing a sunshade net or covering with a moisturizing film.

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