Fireproof barrier structure between building floors and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fireproof barrier structure between building floors and a construction method, and the fireproof barrier structure is characterized in that a natural smoke exhaust window is designed in each layer of kitchen, the effective area of the smoke exhaust window is about 1 square meter, the smoke exhaust window adopts an upward opening structure, and a balcony or a flower stand which exceeds the window width by about 50 cm and extends outwards by 200 cm is constructed above the outer wall of the smoke exhaust window; the height of the outer wall is up to 100cm, so that fire smoke and flame can be prevented from diffusing to the upper layer; according to the building inter-floor fireproof barrier structure and the construction method, the obvious fireproof effect is achieved, the fire can be effectively prevented from spreading from one floor to another floor to the whole building, and it is ensured that personnel safely evacuate. Firstly, a natural smoke exhaust window is designed in each layer of kitchen, a balcony or a flower stand is arranged, upward diffusion of fire smoke and flame can be effectively blocked, a refractory brick wall is adopted between the kitchen and a living room, a fireproof door is arranged, a fire source is effectively blocked, and fire is prevented from spreading to other areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building fire protection, and in particular to a fire barrier structure between floors of a building and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of high-rise buildings, fire barriers between floors have become a major link in ensuring building safety. When a fire occurs, the spread of fire and smoke is extremely fast, especially in high-rise buildings. The high-speed spread of fire between floors will inevitably lead to catastrophic consequences. Therefore, in the current era of architectural design with numerous hidden dangers, it is particularly urgent and important to comprehensively design and implement effective fire barrier structures to prevent fire sources from spreading upward or horizontally through walls, doors, windows, cable wells, stairwells and other channels between floors.

[0003] In actual implementation, there are some fire prevention measures in building design, such as using fire-resistant materials to build walls, setting up fire doors, escape routes, refuge floors, etc. However, existing fire prevention designs often only consider the isolation of single-plane fire sources, and do not fully consider the fire propagation pathways between multi-story buildings, especially the possibility that fires may spread to upper floors through hidden passages such as cable wells, stairwells, and kitchen windows. Escape routes and refuge floors are not safe, which constantly causes tragic accidents.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a fire barrier structure and construction method between building floors to solve the above-mentioned serious problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a fire barrier structure and construction method between building floors, which solves the problem that the existing fire protection design only considers a single fire source on a plane and fails to fully cope with the spread of multiple fires in multi-story buildings.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention are:

[0009] A fire barrier structure between building floors, comprising:

[0010] 1.1 The barrier structure of the upper and lower windows of the kitchen:

[0011] A natural smoke exhaust window is designed above the outer wall of each kitchen. The effective area of ​​the smoke exhaust window is about 1 square meter. It adopts an upward opening structure, and a balcony or flower bed is built above the outer wall, which is about 50 cm wider on both sides of the window and extends as far as 200 cm. The height of the outer wall is about 100 cm, which effectively prevents the fire smoke and flames from spreading rapidly to the upper and lower floors and endangering the entire building;

[0012] In the fire barrier structure between the upper and lower floors of the kitchen, the kitchen doors and windows are made of high-temperature resistant materials, the wall between the kitchen and the living room is built with fire-resistant bricks, and a fire door is installed. Avoid designing a kitchen without a door.

[0013] 1.2 Fire barrier structure between upper and lower floors of the staircase: an inverted beam is set on the beam above the outer wall of the turning platform of the staircase, and a smoke exhaust window with a height of about 1 meter and a width reaching the maximum width of the staircase is reserved under the inverted beam; the smoke exhaust window is made of high temperature resistant type, the upper structure is upward opening, and a balcony or flower bed with an extension of about 200 cm and a width exceeding the stair turning platform is arranged above the smoke exhaust window, and the height of the outer wall of the balcony or flower bed is not less than 100 cm; the other half of the outer wall of the turning platform is opened with a floor-to-ceiling window to facilitate going to the flower bed or balcony, and fire-resistant materials are used;

[0014] 1.3 Fire barrier structure for high-rise cable wells:

[0015] The cable well is a sealed structure. Each floor is sealed with refractory bricks and fireproof doors. The line output ports on each floor are designed to be H-shaped. Flame-retardant materials or non-flammable materials are filled between the wires at the output ports to prevent the fire from spreading upward through the cable well. The cable well in high-rise buildings can be divided into several sections, and a rainproof and smoke exhaust window is built at the top of each section. The cables between each section are connected with a leakage switch.

[0016] 1.4 Bridge escape route:

[0017] During the initial planning and design of the building, without affecting the daylighting, two or more buildings side by side are planned, and a corridor bridge with a width of not less than 2 meters is built every four floors between them, connecting at least two buildings side by side. The corridor bridge is directly connected to all units through the passages in the building, forming an efficient escape network (see attached Figure 1 ).

[0018] (1) A natural smoke exhaust window is set high on the outer wall of the kitchen of the kitchen upper and lower fire barrier structure, which is made of high temperature resistant material, and a balcony is added above the window; the wall between the kitchen and the living room is built with refractory bricks and is equipped with a fireproof door.

[0019] (2) The fire barrier structure between the upper and lower floors of the stairwell constructs a fire wall between the upper and lower stairs through the center line of the stair turning platform to the outer wall. A self-closing fire door is installed at the stair turning platform, and the outer wall smoke exhaust window has a natural smoke exhaust function.

[0020] (3) The filling material of the branch line output port of the high-rise cable well is an intumescent flame retardant.

[0021] (4) The escape passage is constructed of high temperature resistant materials, and its structure meets the requirements for wheelchairs to pass through each other, and safety guardrails are set on both sides.

[0022] (5) The balcony and flower bed are constructed of high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant composite materials.

[0023] (6) An independent automatic fire alarm device is installed in the kitchen, linked to the main alarm system on the floor, and equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing device.

[0024] (7) An anti-slip handrail is provided on the top of the guardrail of the corridor escape passage.

[0025] (8) An inverted beam structure is provided on the smoke exhaust window of the stairwell, and the smoke exhaust window reserved below is made of a high temperature resistant material with an upward opening design to ensure an effective smoke exhaust area.

[0026] The method for constructing a fire barrier structure between floors of a building has the following specific steps:

[0027] 1. Kitchen design and smoke exhaust window:

[0028] A natural smoke exhaust window is designed at the highest point of the kitchen exterior wall on each floor, with an effective area of ​​about 1 square meter.

[0029] Adopting top-opening structure;

[0030] The balcony or flower bed above the window is about 50 cm longer than the width of the window on both sides, with an outward width of about 200 cm and an outer wall height of about 100 cm, which can effectively push away smoke and flames;

[0031] Fire prevention between kitchen and living room: The wall between kitchen and living room is built with fire-resistant bricks and equipped with fire-proof doors to prevent the spread of fire;

[0032] If there is a door on the outer wall of the kitchen leading to the balcony, the doors and windows should be made of high-temperature resistant materials. Except for the normally open smoke vent on the top, the kitchen door must be automatically normally closed.

[0033] 2. Smoke exhaust and fire protection design in stairwells:

[0034] The outer wall beam of the staircase turning platform is set as an inverted beam, and a smoke exhaust window with the width of the staircase is reserved under the inverted beam on the outer wall on the side of the platform leading to the lower floor;

[0035] The window material is high temperature resistant and has a top-opening design;

[0036] Above the window, a flower stand is arranged, with both ends exceeding the platform edge by about 50cm and extending outward by about 200cm. The height of the flower stand's outer wall is about 100cm.

[0037] The other half of the outer wall of the turning platform has French windows to facilitate access to the flower bed or balcony, and fire-resistant materials are used;

[0038] A fire wall is constructed between the upper and lower stairs through the center line of the stair turning platform to the outer wall, and a self-closing fire door is installed at the stair turning platform.

[0039] 3. Fire protection structure of cable well:

[0040] The cable well is a sealed structure, each layer is sealed with refractory bricks and fireproof doors, the branch line outlet is designed in a special h shape and filled with intumescent flame retardant materials to prevent the fire from spreading to each other;

[0041] A rainproof smoke window is built on the top of the segmented cable well, and the cables between the segments are connected via leakage switches;

[0042] 4. Corridor bridge escape route:

[0043] When initially planning and designing a building, two or more buildings should be planned side by side without affecting the lighting;

[0044] A corridor bridge with a width of about 2 meters is built every four floors to connect two or more adjacent buildings. The corridor bridge structure is made of high-temperature resistant material and meets the requirements for wheelchair access. The guardrail height is about 100 cm and is equipped with non-slip handrails to ensure safety.

[0045] Fire alarm and fire extinguishing system: An independent automatic fire alarm device is installed in the kitchen, equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing device, and linked with the main alarm system on the floor.

[0046] (III) Beneficial effects

[0047] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the fire barrier structure and construction method between building floors of the present invention have a significant fire prevention effect, which can effectively prevent the fire from spreading from one floor to another and quickly endanger the entire building, so as to ensure the safe evacuation of residents and the safety of property.

[0048] First, by designing natural smoke exhaust windows in the kitchens on each floor and equipping them with balconies or flower beds, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire smoke and flames to the upper floors; the kitchen and the living room are built with fire-resistant brick walls and fire-proof doors to effectively isolate the fire source and prevent the fire from spreading to other areas.

[0049] A fireproof isolation wall is constructed from the center line of the platform to the outer wall between the upper and lower staircases, and a fireproof door is installed at the turning platform to effectively isolate the fire from spreading upward; the smoke exhaust window design of the staircase is combined with the reverse beam structure and equipped with a bay window platform to effectively exhaust smoke;

[0050] The cable well adopts a sealed structure, and each outlet is filled with intumescent flame-retardant material. The top of each section of the cable well is equipped with a rainproof smoke exhaust window to release thick smoke and fire. Each section of the cable is connected by a leakage switch to prevent the fire from spreading through the cable well.

[0051] A corridor escape passage is set up every four floors, with a width of about 2 meters, which meets the requirements for wheelchair access and ensures that residents are provided with a safe escape passage in an emergency;

[0052] Independent fire alarm devices and automatic fire extinguishing devices are installed in the kitchen, which are linked with the main alarm system on the floor to ensure timely alarm and extinguishing of the initial fire source when a fire occurs. It also maximizes the protection of the property and life safety of the residents, especially in high-rise buildings. It can effectively reduce the huge losses caused by fire and improve the overall safety performance of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 This is a main structural distribution diagram of the corridor escape passage of the present invention in a complex high-rise building;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the experimental table of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a fire barrier structure between building floors of the present invention includes the following four aspects:

[0057] 1. Key points of overall fire prevention planning

[0058] 1. In the overall architectural planning, without affecting the lighting, try to design two or more buildings close to each other so that they can rely on each other and cleverly build protective escape bridges between each other, and try to avoid single-building skyscrapers;

[0059] 2. For a single-family building, it is best to have a staircase independent of the outside of the building, or to use a firewall to separate it into two areas, use a self-closing fire door for passage, and then activate the present invention to ensure safety; and plan the ground fire passage.

[0060] 3. The stairs, kitchens, toilets, and cable wells of each building must be against the outer walls, and the natural gas pipelines should be on top of the outer walls to achieve safety.

[0061] 4. There should be no holes connecting the upper and lower floors, including elevator and pipe gaps, and the fillings must be flame retardant; the exposed water pipes connecting the upper and lower floors must be made of flame retardant materials;

[0062] 5. Glass curtain wall is the strongest assist for fire. The gap between it and the wall will form a pipe effect, allowing the fire to engulf the entire high-rise building in an instant. It has a short service life and is easily affected by high and low temperatures and causes it to fall off. It is the biggest culprit of falling objects from high altitudes and must be used with caution and in small quantities while ensuring safety.

[0063] 2. Fire prevention structure of upper and lower floors of kitchen

[0064] 1. The kitchen is the main source of fire and even explosion. In addition to improving residents' safety awareness and kitchenware safety factors, it is also necessary to install a normally open natural smoke exhaust window at the highest position of the kitchen outer wall on each floor. The effective area of ​​the smoke exhaust window should be at least 1 square meter and adopt an upward opening structure;

[0065] 2. Build a balcony or flower stand on the upper beam of the smoke exhaust window, which is about 50 cm wider on both sides and has an outward width of 200 cm. The height of the balcony wall is about 100 cm. The balcony can effectively suppress the fire smoke and flames outside the building, greatly reducing the threat of cross-fire;

[0066] 3. Avoid designing the kitchen and living room without doors. The doors and windows should be made of high temperature resistant materials and automatic normally closed doors, including balcony doors. The wall between the kitchen and the living room should be built with fire-resistant bricks.

[0067] 3. Fire barrier structure between upper and lower floors of the stairwell

[0068] 1. The outer wall of the turning platform of the stairwell is set as an inverted beam. Under the upper inverted beam facing the first row of stairs on each floor, a normally open natural smoke exhaust window with a height of about 1 meter and a width as wide as possible to the width of the stairs is reserved;

[0069] 2. The other half of the outer wall of the turning platform is equipped with floor-to-ceiling windows, which can be opened to the outside balcony or flower bed;

[0070] 3. The smoke exhaust window structure is upward-opening; the door and window materials must be high temperature resistant;

[0071] 4. The inverted beam of the turning platform above the window is used to build a balcony or flower bed. The length is longer than the width of the turning platform, the width is about 200 cm, and the height of the outer wall is about 100 cm. Its main function is to press smoke and flames away from the main building;

[0072] 5. From the upstairs and downstairs through the stair turning platform to the outer wall, except for the position of the fire door in the middle of the turning platform, the rest is filled with refractory bricks. The structural strength of the wall must be guaranteed by embedded reinforcement and secondary structure.

[0073] By doing this, the most dangerous fire passage becomes a strategic barrier for extinguishing fires.

[0074] 4. Fire barrier structure for high-rise cable wells

[0075] 1. High-rise cable wells are the most fire-prone areas and the most threatening fire-crossing channels, because cross-fires can also cause line fires at the same time, which can quickly cause fires in the entire building. Therefore, holes are reserved in the cable wells on each floor and waterproofing is first done;

[0076] 2. The cable well must be directly connected to the rooftop, and a rainproof smoke exhaust window must be constructed; if it is a high-rise building with dozens of floors, the cable well can be divided into several sections, and a rainproof smoke exhaust window should be installed at the top of each section to avoid reducing losses;

[0077] 3. Each floor of the cable well is constructed into a sealed structure with refractory bricks and fireproof doors;

[0078] 4. The outlets of the branch lines on each floor are designed to be H-shaped, with flame-retardant materials filled between the outlet wires, and the standardized use of leakage switches on each floor is ensured, so as to prevent the fire from spreading upward through the cable well, and also reversely protect the trunk lines in the cable well;

[0079] 5. When transferring cables in segmented cable wells, they must be blocked by leakage switches, and the outlet structure should refer to the floor branch outlet.

[0080] 5. Covered bridge escape route

[0081] 1. In the initial planning and design of buildings, close-range buildings side by side in urban forestation must be planned under the premise of ensuring normal lighting;

[0082] 2. Build a corridor bridge about 2 meters wide every four floors between buildings side by side, cleverly connecting two or more buildings to make them a safe escape route between each other;

[0083] 3. The corridors in the building must be directly connected to each residential unit to form an efficient escape network, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0084] 4. If the building has more than three units, a self-closing fire safety door is installed in the middle of the escape passage in the building to isolate and control the fire;

[0085] 5. The covered bridge must be made of fire-resistant material and about two meters wide, so that wheelchairs can pass through each other to avoid congestion;

[0086] 6. The height of the guardrail is about 100cm, and there is a handrail on it.

[0087] In the actual implementation process, through this series of fire barrier measures and construction methods, the present invention can significantly improve the fire protection capability of buildings, ensure the safety of residents' lives, and effectively reduce property losses caused by fire.

[0088] Optionally, the natural smoke exhaust window at the top of the kitchen outer wall of the kitchen upper and lower fire barrier structure is made of high-temperature resistant materials, the wall between the kitchen and the living room is built with refractory bricks, and a fire door is installed. Coupled with the effect of the balcony outside the smoke exhaust window to press the thick smoke and flames, as well as the automatic fire extinguisher, it can be ensured that the high-rise fire will not quickly spread from the kitchen window as usual, causing a devastating fire in the entire building. In the actual implementation process, by using the kitchen outer wall doors and windows made of high-temperature resistant materials, the wall between the kitchen and the living room constructed of refractory bricks, and the fire door installed, the fire source and smoke can be effectively prevented from spreading to other areas. During the implementation process, the natural smoke exhaust function of the smoke exhaust window, the high temperature resistance of the doors and windows, the fire resistance of the wall, and the role of the fire door can ensure effective isolation when a fire occurs, increase the escape time, and improve the fire resistance of the building. Therefore, this structure significantly improves the fire safety of the building and basically avoids fire losses and casualties.

[0089] Optionally, a fire barrier structure between the upper and lower floors of the stairwell is provided, that is, a fireproof isolation wall is provided between the upper and lower stairs through the middle of the stair turning platform to the outer wall, and a self-closing fire door is installed on the centerline wall of the platform. The outer wall smoke exhaust window has a natural smoke exhaust function. With the function of the balcony above the outer wall of the smoke exhaust window, the traditional stairwell fire disaster can be completely avoided. In the actual implementation process, a self-closing fire door is installed on the fireproof isolation wall in the middle of the stairs and the middle of the stair turning platform, and the outer wall smoke exhaust window has a natural smoke exhaust function. In the actual implementation process, the firewall and self-closing fire door between the stairs can prevent the fire from spreading in the stairwell. The natural smoke exhaust function of the natural smoke exhaust window ensures that the flames and thick smoke are effectively exhausted when a fire occurs. The outer wall balcony is then suppressed to the outside of the building, which can effectively prevent the fire from spreading rapidly in the stairwell to the entire building.

[0090] Optionally, the segmented rainproof smoke exhaust outlets of the high-rise sealed cable shaft and the H-shaped branch line output outlet filled with flame-retardant materials form a solid fire barrier, which can effectively prevent the fire from spreading along the cable shaft to other floors at high speed and endangering the entire residential building, and can also prevent fires on each floor from damaging the cable trunk lines.

[0091] In the actual implementation process, such a design of corridor bridges between high-rise buildings ensures that the escape passage can withstand the impact of the high temperature environment and avoid structural damage when a fire occurs. At the same time, the spacious passage is designed to meet the requirements of wheelchair passage, so that the elderly, people with mobility difficulties, and other people in need of help can pass through the escape passage smoothly and safely.

[0092] Optionally, an independent automatic fire alarm device is installed in the kitchen, linked with the main alarm system on the floor, and equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing device. In the actual implementation process, the fire signal can be detected in time at the early stage of the fire and an alarm can be issued, the main alarm system on the floor can be activated, and the people in the building can be notified to evacuate in time. The independent fire alarm device can ensure that even if a fire occurs in a local area, it can respond quickly without interference from other areas.

[0093] Optionally, an inverted beam structure is set on the smoke exhaust window of the stairwell, and the smoke exhaust window reserved at a high position below is made of high temperature resistant material and has an upward opening design. In the actual implementation process, the inverted beam structure and the smoke exhaust window at the highest position can allow smoke to be discharged smoothly. At the same time, the smoke exhaust window made of high temperature resistant material can remain stable in a high temperature environment, ensuring that the smoke exhaust function is not affected by fire. The upward opening design can achieve timely discharge of smoke and enhance the safety of the stairwell.

[0094] Optionally, a method for constructing a fire barrier structure between floors of a building comprises the following steps:

[0095] Kitchen design and smoke exhaust window: Each kitchen on each floor is designed with a natural smoke exhaust window, with an effective area of ​​about 1 square meter and an upper-opening structure. The balcony or flower bed above the window is about 50 cm wider than the window width on both sides, with an extended width of about 200 cm and an outer wall height of about 100 cm, which effectively blocks smoke and flames;

[0096] Fire prevention between the kitchen and the living room: The kitchen's exterior walls and doors and windows are made of high-temperature resistant materials. The wall between the kitchen and the living room is built with fire-resistant bricks and equipped with fire doors to prevent the spread of fire. Avoid designs without doors.

[0097] Smoke exhaust and fire prevention design in the stairwell: A reverse beam is set on the outer wall of the turning platform of the stairwell, and a smoke exhaust window is reserved under the reverse beam. The window material is high-temperature resistant and adopts an upward-opening design. There is a balcony outside the window. The height of the outer wall of the balcony is about 100 cm. In addition, there are fire walls and normally closed fire doors in the upper and lower stairwells to prevent fire disasters in the stairwell.

[0098] Secure escape bridge design: There is a fire-proof escape bridge every four floors between high-rise buildings. After hearing the escape alarm, residents only need to go through one floor to reach the escape passage. It can accommodate two wheelchairs, and with guardrails and handrails, residents can escape calmly.

[0099] In the actual implementation process, through reasonable design and implementation, the fire barrier structure can effectively prevent the spread of fire and smoke, ensure the smooth escape route for personnel, and provide a safer living environment for residents. Especially in the event of a fire, it can greatly reduce the risk of fire spread and improve the overall fire resistance of the building.

[0100] Here are some specific implementation cases:

[0101] Case 1: Fire protection design of kitchens in high-rise buildings. In a high-rise commercial complex, the kitchen design uses natural smoke exhaust windows. The effective area of ​​the windows is about 1 square meter, and an upward-opening structure is adopted. A balcony or flower stand is set above the window. The width of the balcony exceeds the width of the windows on both sides by about 50 cm, and the extended width reaches 200 cm. The height of the outer wall is about 100 cm, which can effectively block the rapid spread of fire smoke and flames to the upper floors.

[0102] In addition, the kitchen exterior doors and windows are made of high-temperature resistant materials, the wall between the kitchen and the living room is built with fire-resistant bricks, and a fire door is installed to prevent the fire from spreading through the kitchen to other rooms and floors. Through this design, the kitchen's fire prevention function has been significantly improved, effectively preventing the fire from spreading into the building and ensuring the safety of residents' lives and property.

[0103] Case 2: Smoke exhaust and fire control design in stairwells. In the design of stairwells in a residential building, in order to prevent the stairwells from quickly burning and endangering the entire building in case of fire, an isolation fire wall must be built between the upper and lower stairs and the outer wall of the staircase turning platform, and a self-closing fire door must be installed at the staircase turning platform, and an upward-opening automatic smoke exhaust window is set at the highest position of the outer wall. The reverse beam structure allows smoke to be discharged smoothly to the outside. This design not only effectively improves the smoke exhaust effect, but also can completely isolate the stairwell from fire, reducing the impact of smoke on residents' corridor bridge escape in case of fire.

[0104] Case 3: Cable shaft fire prevention design. In a cable shaft of a commercial building, in order to prevent the fire from spreading rapidly to other floors through the cable shaft, a fire-resistant brick sealing structure is used, and fire doors are used to seal the door openings on each floor. The cable shaft outlet adopts a special H-shaped right-stroke design and is filled with intumescent flame retardant materials. The rainproof smoke exhaust window at the top effectively prevents the spread of fire. This design ensures that the cable shaft can effectively block flames and smoke when a fire occurs, avoiding fires and cable fires, ensuring fire safety between floors, and also protecting cable safety in reverse.

[0105] Case 4: Design of corridor escape passage. In the corridor connection design of multiple residential buildings, a corridor with a width of about 2 meters is set up. Every four floors, a corridor bridge connects two or more buildings. The corridor bridge structure is made of high-temperature resistant materials to meet the requirements of wheelchair access. Guardrails with a height of not less than 100 cm are set on both sides, and non-slip handrails are installed on the top of the guardrails to ensure that people can evacuate safely in the event of a fire. This design improves the overall safety of the building complex by cleverly optimizing the escape path.

[0106] Case 5: Fire prevention design of balconies or green flower beds. In the design of balconies or flower beds in a modern residential building, the balconies and flower beds are built with high-temperature resistant composite materials. This design ensures that the balcony or flower bed can withstand high-temperature fires and effectively press the fire source away from the main building, reducing the threat to the safety of the upper floors.

[0107] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and the standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt the conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0108] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire barrier structure between building floors, characterized in that: include: 1.1 Kitchen smoke exhaust upper and lower barrier structure: The kitchen on each floor is designed with a natural smoke exhaust window with an effective area of ​​about 1 square meter. It adopts an upward-opening structure and a balcony or flower bed with a length of about 50 cm on both sides exceeding the window width and an outward width of about 200 cm is built above the corresponding outer wall. The outer wall height of the balcony or flower bed is about 100 cm, which can effectively prevent fire smoke and flames from spreading rapidly to the upper floors and endangering the entire building. In the fire barrier structure between the upper and lower floors of the kitchen, the kitchen exterior walls and doors and windows are made of high-temperature resistant materials, and the wall between the kitchen and the living room is also built with fire-resistant bricks and equipped with fire doors. Avoid designs without doors. 1.2 Fire barrier structure between upper and lower floors of the stairwell: The outer wall beam of the turning platform of the staircase is set with an inverted beam, and a smoke exhaust window with a height of about 1 meter and a width of the staircase is reserved under the inverted beam. The smoke exhaust window is made of high temperature resistant material and the window structure is upward opening; except between the first and second floors, a flower bed with a width of about 200 cm is set outside the inverted beam. The length of the flower bed is greater than the width of the stair turning platform to prevent rainwater from drifting in. The height of the outer wall of the flower bed is about 100 cm; a fire wall is built from the center line of the platform to the outer wall between the upper and lower stairs, and a self-closing fire door is set in the middle of the platform; the other half of the outer wall of the turning platform has a floor-to-ceiling window to facilitate going to the flower bed or balcony, and fire-resistant materials are used; 1.3 High-rise cable well fire barrier structure: The cable well is directly connected to the roof to build rainproof smoke exhaust windows. High-rise buildings can be equipped with rainproof smoke exhaust windows in sections and connected with leakage switches, which can reduce losses exponentially; The cable wells on each floor are sealed structures, built with refractory bricks, and the cable well openings on each floor are sealed with fireproof doors; the branch line output ports on each floor are designed to be H-shaped, and flame-retardant materials are filled between the wires at the output ports to effectively prevent the fire from spreading upward through the cable well, and also prevent the floor fire from damaging the trunk cables in reverse; 1.4 Corridor escape passage: In the initial planning and design of the building, two or more buildings side by side should be planned in order to cleverly construct a secure escape passage; a corridor with a width of about 2 meters should be set up every four floors to connect two or three buildings side by side in close proximity. The corridor is directly connected to each residential unit through the passage inside the building, cleverly forming an efficient and safe escape network.

2. A fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kitchen with the upper and lower fire barrier structure has a natural smoke exhaust window constructed above the outer wall, the doors and windows are made of high-temperature resistant materials, the wall between the kitchen and the living room is built of refractory bricks, and a fireproof door is provided.

3. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire wall is constructed between the upper and lower stairs through the center line of the platform to the outer wall, and a self-closing fire door is installed at the turning platform of the stairs to prevent the fire from spreading upward, and the smoke is naturally exhausted in conjunction with the smoke exhaust windows on the outer wall.

4. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-rise cable well is provided with rainproof and smoke exhaust windows in sections, and the filling material of the branch line output outlets on each floor is an expandable flame retardant.

5. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: As mentioned above, in the early stages of building planning, two or more high-rise buildings should be planned and placed as close as possible within the range of light, so that they can cleverly serve as the basis for each other's escape routes.

6. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corridor escape passage is constructed with high temperature resistant and anti-corrosion materials, and its structure meets the requirements for wheelchairs to pass through each other, and guardrails with a height of about 100 cm are set on both sides.

7. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balcony or flower stand is constructed of high temperature resistant composite material.

8. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: An independent automatic fire alarm device is installed in the kitchen, which is linked to the main alarm system of the floor and is equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing device.

9. The fire barrier structure between building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-slip handrail is arranged on the top of the guardrail of the corridor escape passage, and an inverted beam structure is arranged on the smoke exhaust window of the stairwell. The material of the smoke exhaust window reserved below is of high temperature resistant type and has an upward opening design.

10. A method for constructing a fire barrier structure between building floors, used for the fire barrier structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Kitchen design and smoke exhaust window: A natural smoke exhaust window is designed at the highest position of the kitchen exterior wall on each floor. The effective area of ​​the window is about 1 square meter. It adopts an upward opening structure. A balcony or flower bed is set above the window. Its length exceeds the window width by about 50 cm on both sides and the extended width is about 200 cm. The height of the balcony or flower bed exterior wall is about 100 cm to block smoke and flames; Fire prevention between the kitchen and the living room: A natural smoke exhaust window is set at the highest point of the kitchen's outer wall. The smoke exhaust window is made of high-temperature resistant material, and a balcony is set above the smoke exhaust window. The wall between the kitchen and the living room is also built with refractory bricks and equipped with a fire door to prevent the spread of fire to adjacent rooms. Avoid simple factory-run kitchens; Smoke exhaust and fire prevention design in stairwells: The outer wall beam of the stairwell turning platform is set as an inverted beam, and a smoke exhaust window is reserved under the inverted beam. The window material is high temperature resistant and adopts an upward opening design; except between the first and second floors, a floating window platform is set on the inverted beam of the platform above the window, which can be built into a balcony or flower bed; between the upper and lower stairs, a fire wall is built between the stair turning platform and the two windows on the outer wall, and a self-closing fire door is set in the middle of the platform; Fire prevention of cable wells: The cable wells are constructed with refractory bricks to form a sealed structure, with rainproof and smoke exhaust windows built on the top of each section. The cable well door openings on each floor are sealed with fireproof doors, and the branch line outlets on each floor are designed in an H shape. Expandable flame-retardant materials are filled between the wires to prevent the spread of fire; Bridge escape route: When planning a town, we should consider making clever use of side-by-side buildings to build bridges between them as escape routes for residents. A bridge with a width of about 2 meters should be built every four floors to connect two or three adjacent side-by-side buildings. The bridge structure should be resistant to high temperature and corrosion, and meet the requirements for wheelchairs to pass through each other to prevent congestion. The guardrail height should be around 100 cm, and non-slip handrails should be installed on the top. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing system: An independent automatic fire alarm device is installed in the kitchen, equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing device, and linked with the main alarm system on the floor; Fire-proof design of balconies or flower beds: Balconies and flower beds use high-temperature resistant composite materials to keep fire away from high-rise buildings and enhance safety.

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