Anti-sticking shield machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of anti-jamming formula shield tunneling structure, including the cutterhead, front shield, telescopic shield, rear shield and support shoe component and anti-jamming structure from front to back, anti-jamming structure includes support component and protection component, the support height of support component gradually becomes low from one side to the other side along the circumference, and the sliding surface of protection component gradually becomes high from one side to the other side.This application processes front shield into double-layer structure, when the first air bag in front shield is extruded, the first air bag is forced to exhaust, gas enters the first sliding chute, and the insertion plate is ejected to be clamped into the positioning slot of cutterhead, and cutterhead and support component are locked;Cutterhead can drive support component to rotate, so that multiple anti-jamming structures are simultaneously radially retracted, so that the outer diameter of front shield is reduced, and the clamping force of surrounding rock and front shield is further reduced, and the diameter is reduced to realize escape;Second air bag can pass certain pressure gas into positioning slot, and then eject insertion plate, so that cutterhead and front shield are separated, and normal tunneling operation after escape is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel boring, in particular to a anti-stuck shield tunneling structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is also called shield machine, which is a kind of engineering machinery and equipment for excavating underground tunnel. The tunneling part mainly includes front shield, cutter head, telescopic shield and supporting shoe (supporting shoe is installed outside). The cutter head is installed at the front end of the front shield, and the rotating power for rotating the cutter head and the main pushing force (high tonnage hydraulic cylinder) for advancing the cutter head are installed in the front shield. In the tunneling process, the supporting shoe supports the tunnel wall and provides a reaction force, the main pushing force pushes the cutter head to advance, and the cutter head rotates while advancing to excavate a certain distance. However, if the bearing capacity of the soil layer is insufficient, collapse will occur during tunneling, and once the collapse occurs, the surrounding rock will be stuck to the front shield body. At present, when the front shield body is stuck, the surrounding rock at the stuck position is usually cleaned by drilling or blasting to ensure the normal work of the shield machine. This method has the following defects: first, the stuck position needs to be detected before drilling or blasting, which takes a long time; second, drilling or blasting is easy to cause damage to the tunnel or the surrounding environment, and increases the cleaning period of the surrounding rock. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a TBM shield body anti-stuck structure, when the front shield is extruded by the collapsed surrounding rock, the supporting radius of the front shield can be radially retracted, reducing the clamping force between the surrounding rock and the front shield, and facilitating escape.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The anti-stuck shield tunneling structure provided by the present application comprises a cutter head, a front shield, a telescopic shield and a rear shield arranged in sequence from front to rear, the cutter head is flange-connected with a rotating power source in the front shield, the front shield comprises a rear shell body and a double-layer shield body fixed to the front end of the rear shell body, at least two supporting shoe assemblies driven by hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the rear shield, the anti-stuck shield tunneling structure further comprises a plurality of anti-stuck structures arranged along the circumferential direction of the front shield, each anti-stuck structure comprises a supporting assembly and a protection assembly in sliding cooperation with the supporting assembly, the double-layer shield body comprises an inner guard plate and an outer mounting frame arranged in a gap on the inner guard plate, the outer mounting frame has a plurality of mounting holes, and each mounting hole is provided with a group of protection assemblies.

[0006] The support assembly comprises a front support piece and a rear support piece, the front support piece and the rear support piece are connected together through a connecting beam, the support height of the front support piece and the rear support piece gradually decreases from one side to the other side in the circumferential direction, and the two ends of the protection assembly are respectively slidably connected with the front support piece and the rear support piece, and the sliding surface of the protection assembly gradually increases from one side to the other side in the circumferential direction.

[0007] The front guide rail and the rear guide rail in a circular ring structure are arranged between the inner protective plate and the outer mounting frame, the front support piece is slidably connected with the front guide rail, and the front end of the front support piece is located in the front gap surrounded by the outer mounting frame and the inner protective plate; the rear support piece is slidably connected with the rear guide rail; the front end of each front support piece is provided with an expansion structure of an inserting plate, and the rear side surface of the cutter head is provided with a positioning slot matched with the inserting plate;

[0008] The front end of the front support piece is provided with a first sliding groove, and the inserting plate is in sealed sliding connection with the first sliding groove; the first gas bag of the protection assembly is in communication with the first sliding groove through a first pipeline, and when the first gas bag introduces gas into the first sliding groove through the first pipeline, the inserting plate is pushed out and clamped in the positioning slot of the cutter head; the second gas bag of the support shoe assembly is in communication with the positioning slot through a second pipeline, and when the second gas bag introduces gas into the positioning slot through the second pipeline, the inserting plate is pushed out and reset in the first sliding groove.

[0009] The front shield is processed into a double-layer structure, the first gas bag can be arranged in the front shield, the first gas bag is forced to exhaust when the front shield is pressed, the gas in the first gas bag enters the first sliding groove, and then the inserting plate is pushed out and clamped in the positioning slot of the cutter head, so that the cutter head and the support assembly are fixedly connected, the cutter head drives the support assembly to rotate (in the opposite direction of the tunneling rotation direction), the plurality of anti-blocking structures are simultaneously radially retracted, the outer diameter of the front shield is reduced, and then the clamping force between the surrounding rock and the front shield is reduced, so that the diameter is reduced to realize the escape; after the escape, the cutter head drives the support assembly to reset, so that the support assembly returns to the initial support height, the second gas bag can introduce gas with a certain pressure into the positioning slot, and then the inserting plate is pushed out, so that the cutter head and the support assembly are separated, and then the normal tunneling operation after the escape is ensured.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the front support piece is a front support seat, the inserting plate is in sealed sliding connection with the first sliding groove, the protection assembly further comprises a positioning shell and a movable plate, the positioning shell has a mounting groove, the first gas bag and the movable plate are arranged in the mounting groove from inside to outside, and a anti-disengagement edge is arranged at the slot opening of the positioning shell to prevent the movable plate from disengaging from the mounting groove.

[0011] The protection assembly further comprises a pair of wedge-shaped blocks arranged at the bottom of the positioning shell, the two wedge-shaped blocks are respectively in sliding fit with the front support and the rear support, the height of the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped block gradually increases from one side to the other side in the circumferential direction, and the high side of the wedge-shaped block and the high side of the support of the front support are arranged on the same side.

[0012] The beneficial effect is that when the front shield is subjected to extrusion force, the front shield transmits the force to the plurality of movable plates on the circumferential surface, the movable plates are extruded to extrude the first air bag, and the power release of the first air bag is realized.

[0013] In a more preferred embodiment of the present application, the first pipeline comprises two first hoses corresponding to the wedge-shaped blocks and a gas passage formed in the connecting beam, the gas passage is arranged along the axial direction of the front shield, and the gas outlet of the gas passage is in communication with the first sliding groove; each first hose is fixedly connected to the connecting beam, and the gas outlet of the first hose extends into the gas passage; the wedge-shaped block is provided with a containing groove for containing the first hose, and the containing groove is circumferentially arranged and has a side opening.

[0014] In a more preferred embodiment of the present application, second sliding grooves are symmetrically formed on both sides of the plug-in plate, a first sliding block matched with the first sliding groove is arranged in the first sliding groove, the first sliding block is clamped in the second sliding groove, so as to prevent the plug-in plate from being pulled out of the first sliding groove, and the structural reliability is ensured.

[0015] Preferably, the outer mounting frame has a plurality of axially arranged connecting plates, a limiting block is arranged at the middle portion of each connecting plate, a limiting groove is formed on the limiting surface of the limiting block, and the positioning plugs on both sides of the positioning shell are respectively inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves, the thickness of the positioning plug is smaller than the radial depth of the limiting groove, so that the positioning shell moves radially in the mounting hole. The present application uses the limiting block to limit the protection assembly, ensures the reliable installation of the protection assembly, and prevents the protection assembly from being pulled out of the mounting hole of the front shield.

[0016] Preferably, the supporting shoe assembly comprises arc-shaped first and second supporting plates, the second air bag is located between the first and second supporting plates, at least two connecting rods are fixedly connected to the first supporting plate, each connecting rod penetrates through the second supporting plate, the end portion of the connecting rod has a anti-disengagement boss for preventing the second supporting plate from being disengaged, and a limiting boss for limiting the radial movement position of the second supporting plate is arranged on the connecting rod between the first and second supporting plates. The beneficial effect is that because the anti-disengagement boss and the limiting boss have a certain distance, when the gas in the second air bag exceeds a certain amount, the second supporting plate applies a reaction force to the second air bag, so that the gas in the second air bag enters the positioning slot along the second pipeline, and then the positioning plug is pushed open, which is helpful for the reset of the plug-in plate.

[0017] Preferably, the second pipeline comprises a second hose and a gas feeding channel formed on the front shield, the second hose and the gas feeding channel are communicated, the gas feeding channel is connected with a ring pipe embedded on the main cutter disc, and a plurality of branch pipes connected with the ring pipe are communicated with the positioning slots one by one.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the front shield is processed into a double-layer structure, the first air bag is arranged in the front shield, the first air bag is exhausted when the front shield is pressed, the gas in the first air bag enters the first sliding groove, the plug-in plate is pushed out to be clamped in the positioning slot of the cutter disc, the cutter disc and the front shield are fixedly connected, the cutter disc rotates in the reverse direction (relative to the tunneling rotation direction) to drive the supporting assembly to rotate, the plurality of anti-blocking structures are simultaneously radially inwardly retracted, the outer diameter of the front shield is reduced, the clamping force between the surrounding rock and the front shield is reduced, and the diameter is reduced to realize the escape; the second air bag of the front shield can introduce gas with a certain pressure into the positioning slot, the plug-in plate is pushed out, the cutter disc and the front shield are separated, and normal tunneling operation after escape is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the anti-blocking structure of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the supporting assembly of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the supporting assembly, the left guide rail and the right guide rail.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the front shield and the anti-blocking structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the front shield of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the anti-blocking assembly and the outer mounting frame.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the supporting shoe assembly.

[0027] Figure 9 is an end view of the cutter disc (an end surface close to the front shield).

[0028] Figure 10 is an internal schematic diagram of the cutter disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present application, and give detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the relationship terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations.

[0031] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1-10 The present application proposes a kind of anti-jamming formula shield tunneling structure, including the cutterhead 100, front shield 200, telescopic shield 300 and rear shield 400 sequentially from front to back, cutterhead 100 is connected with the flange of rotating power source in front shield 200, rotating power source drives cutterhead 100 to rotate clockwise when tunneling operation, cutterhead 100 is broken in clockwise process, realizes tunneling;Front shield 200 includes rear shell 201 and the double-layer shield body of solid connection in the front end portion of rear shell 201, double-layer shield body includes inner guard plate 202 and gap setting outer mounting frame 203 in the outer side of inner guard plate 202, rear end of inner guard plate 202 and outer mounting frame 203 are solidly connected on rear shell 201, rear shell 201 provides installation base for double-layer shield body, ensure the structural reliability of inner guard plate 202 and outer mounting frame 203;Rear shield 400 is provided with at least two hydraulic cylinder driven support shoe assemblies 600, support shoe assemblies 600 can be acted on the reaction force of segment by hydraulic cylinder to promote tunneling operation;

[0033] The anti-stuck shield tunneling structure also comprises a plurality of anti-stuck structures 500 arranged along the circumferential direction of the front shield 200, the plurality of anti-stuck structures 500 are identical in structure and each comprises a support assembly and a protection assembly in sliding cooperation with the support assembly; wherein the outer mounting frame 203 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged at intervals, one set of protection assemblies is mounted in each mounting hole, the support assembly is located in the gap between the inner guard plate 202 and the outer mounting frame 203 at the corresponding position of the mounting hole, the support assembly comprises a front support (i.e. a front support seat 501a) and a rear support (i.e. a rear support seat 501b), and the front support seat 501a and the rear support seat 501b are connected together through a connecting beam 501f; a front guide rail 501c and a rear guide rail 501d in a circular ring structure are arranged between the inner guard plate 202 and the outer mounting frame 203, the front support seat 501a is in sliding cooperation with the front guide rail 501c, and the rear support seat 501b is in sliding cooperation with the rear guide rail 501d;

[0034] The protection assembly is provided with a wedge-shaped block 502a matched with the front support seat 501a and the rear support seat 501b, the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped block 502a gradually increases in height from one side to the other side in the circumferential direction (i.e. one side of the wedge-shaped block 502a is thick and the other side is thin), the support height of the front support seat 501a and the rear support seat 501b gradually decreases from the first side to the second side in the circumferential direction (the thickness of the front support seat 501a and the rear support seat 501b gradually decreases from the first side to the second side), the thick end of the wedge-shaped block 502a is opposite to the thin end of the front support seat 501a / rear support seat 501b, and the thin end of the wedge-shaped block 502a is opposite to the thick end of the front support seat 501a / rear support seat 501b. When the support assembly is forced to rotate counterclockwise, the thin end thereof slides towards the thin end of the wedge-shaped block 502a, thereby changing the support height and making the protection assembly retract radially inward to facilitate escape; when the support assembly rotates clockwise by a specified angle, the support height increases, thereby making the protection assembly expand radially outward, which is beneficial to the resetting of the protection assembly.

[0035] The front end of each front support seat 501a is sealingly connected with a telescopic structure of an insertion plate 501e, and the rear side surface of the cutter head 100 is provided with a positioning insertion groove 101a matched with the insertion plate 501e, so that when the insertion plate 501e is inserted into the positioning insertion groove 101a, the cutter head 100 and the support assembly are locked and connected, and when the insertion plate 501e is separated from the positioning insertion groove 101a, the insertion plate 501e and the cutter head 100 are unlocked; the front end of the front support seat 501a is provided with a first sliding groove, and the insertion plate 501e is sealingly and slidingly matched with the first sliding groove;

[0036] The first air bag 502b of the protection assembly is communicated with the first sliding groove through a first pipeline, and when the first air bag 502b releases gas through the first pipeline to the first sliding groove, the plug-in plate 501e is pushed out to be clamped in the positioning slot 101a of the cutter head 100, so that the cutter head 100 and the supporting assembly are locked and connected; the second air bag 606 of the supporting shoe assembly 600 is communicated with the positioning slot 101a through a second pipeline, and when the second air bag 606 releases gas through the second pipeline to the positioning slot 101a, the plug-in plate 501e is pushed out, so that the plug-in plate 501e and the cutter head 100 are unlocked.

[0037] The first air bag 502b is installed on the double-layer shield body of the front shield 200, and when the front shield 200 is extruded, the first air bag 502b is forced to release gas, the gas in the first air bag 502b enters the first sliding groove, and then the plug-in plate 501e is pushed out to be clamped in the positioning slot 101a of the cutter head 100, so that the cutter head 100 and the front shield 200 are fixedly connected, the cutter head 100 rotates in the opposite direction (relative to the tunneling rotation direction) to drive the supporting assembly to rotate, and then the plurality of anti-blocking structures 500 are simultaneously radially retracted, so that the outer supporting diameter of the front shield 200 is reduced, and then the clamping force between the surrounding rock and the front shield 200 is reduced, and the diameter is reduced to realize the escape from the trouble; after the escape from the trouble, the second air bag 606 can release gas into the positioning slot 101a, and then the plug-in plate 501e is pushed out, so that the cutter head 100 and the front shield 200 are separated, and then the normal tunneling operation after the escape from the trouble is ensured.

[0038] In combination with Figure 2 It can be known that the protection assembly further comprises a positioning shell 502c and a movable plate 502d, the positioning shell 502c has a mounting groove, the first air bag 502b and the movable plate 502d are arranged in the mounting groove from inside to outside, and the positioning shell 502c is provided with an anti-disengagement edge at a slot opening, so as to prevent the movable plate 502d from disengaging from the mounting groove and avoid the movable plate 502d from disengaging from the positioning shell 502c. The movable plate 502d can protect the first air bag 502b on one hand, and on the other hand, when extruded by the surrounding rock, the movable plate 502d is forced and transmits the force to the first air bag 502b, the first air bag 502b is pressed to release gas, so that the plug-in plate 501e is ejected, which is beneficial to the locked connection of the cutter head 100 and the supporting assembly; the two wedge blocks 502a are fixed at the bottom of the positioning shell 502c, the wedge block 502a and the supporting seat are in sliding fit, and then the sliding connection of the supporting assembly and the protection assembly is realized, so as to ensure the relative sliding between the two.

[0039] In actual installation, in combination with Figures 2-3It can be known that the first pipeline includes two first hoses 502f corresponding to the wedge blocks 502a and a gas passage 502g arranged in the connecting beam 501f, the gas passage 502g is arranged along the axial direction of the front shield 200 and the gas outlet of the gas passage 502g is communicated with the first sliding groove; the connection between the first hose 502f and the connecting beam 501f is sealed connection, the gas outlet of the hose extends into the gas passage 502g, avoiding the gas leakage of the gas passage 502g; the first sliding groove and the plug-in plate 501e are in sliding sealing connection, avoiding the gas leakage of the first sliding groove. When the plug-in plate 501e is reset, the plug-in plate 501e can push the gas in the first sliding groove back into the first air bag 502b.

[0040] Of course, in actual operation, the first sliding groove and the plug-in plate 501e can also be non-sealed connection, the inflating pipe can be connected on the first air bag 502b, and then the gas is supplemented into the first air bag 502b, and when the jam occurs again, it is ensured that the gas in the first air bag 502b can push the plug-in plate 501e out.

[0041] In combination Figure 2 It can be known that each wedge block 502a has a side opening containing groove 502h, and the first hose 502f is located in the containing groove 502h when the support seat rotates, protecting the first hose 502f.

[0042] In combination Figure 3 It can be known that the two sides of each plug-in plate 501e are symmetrically provided with a second sliding groove 501i, the first sliding groove is provided with a first sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, and the first sliding block is clamped in the second sliding groove 501i, avoiding the plug-in plate 501e from being pulled out of the first sliding groove.

[0043] In combination Figures 5-6 It can be known that the outer mounting frame 203 has a plurality of axially arranged connecting plates 203a, the plurality of connecting plates 203a are uniformly and interval arranged along the circumferential direction, and one protection assembly is mounted between every two connecting plates 203a. In order to ensure the reliable installation of the protection assembly, the middle part of each connecting plate 203a is provided with a limiting block 203b, the inner surface of the limiting block 203b is connected with the inner protection plate 202, ensuring the structural strength of the double-layer shield body; the side surface of the limiting block 203b is a limiting surface, a limiting groove 203c is arranged on each limiting surface, the positioning plugs on the two side surfaces of the positioning shell 502c are respectively inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves 203c, and the thickness of the positioning plug is less than the radial depth of the limiting groove 203c, ensuring the inward and outward expansion of the protection assembly. The limiting block 203b is used for limiting the protection assembly in the present application, ensuring the reliable installation of the protection assembly, and avoiding the protection assembly from being pulled out of the mounting hole of the front shield 200.

[0044] In combination Figure 8It can be seen that the supporting shoe assembly 600 comprises the first supporting plate 601 and the second supporting plate 602 in an arc structure, the second air bag 606 is located between the first supporting plate 601 and the second supporting plate 602, at least two connecting rods 603 (two in the figure, and four or six, etc. can also be) are fixedly connected to the first supporting plate 601, each connecting rod 603 penetrates through the second supporting plate 602, the end of the connecting rod 603 is provided with the anti-disengagement boss 604 for preventing the second supporting plate 602 from disengaging, and the limiting boss 605 for limiting the radial moving position of the second supporting plate 602 is arranged on the connecting rod 603 between the first supporting plate 601 and the second supporting plate 602. After the current shield 200 is disengaged, the plug-in plate 501e can be reset by means of the supporting shoe assembly 600. Specifically, since the anti-disengagement boss 604 and the limiting boss 605 have a certain distance, when the gas in the second air bag 606 exceeds a certain amount, the second supporting plate 602 provides a reaction force to the second air bag 606, so that the gas in the second air bag 606 enters the positioning insertion slot 101a along the second pipeline, and then the positioning insertion plate is pushed open, which is helpful for the reset of the plug-in plate 501e.

[0045] In combination Figures 8-10 It can be seen that the second pipeline comprises the second hose 607 and the gas conveying passage arranged on the front shield 200, the second hose 607 and the gas conveying passage are in communication, the gas conveying passage is connected with the ring pipe 608 embedded on the main cutter head 100, and a plurality of branch pipes 609 connected with the ring pipe 608 are in one-to-one communication with the positioning insertion slots 101a. The gas in the second air bag 606 enters the positioning insertion slot 101a through the second hose 607, the gas conveying passage, the ring pipe 608 and the branch pipes 609, and the pressurized gas can push the plug-in plate 501e out, so as to realize the unlocking of the cutter head 100 and the front shield 200.

[0046] In actual use, one pressure sensor can be installed in each first air bag 502b and each second air bag 606, an electric control valve is installed on the first hose 502f and the second hose 607, and a CCD shooting camera is installed in the front shield 200. The signal output end of the pressure sensor and the picture output end of the CCD shooting camera are in communication connection with the control system of the shield tunneling machine, and the control input end of the electric control valve is in communication connection with the control system. When the pressure in the first air bag 502b and the second air bag 606 exceeds the set value, the electric control valve is opened, and the first air bag 502b and the second air bag 606 release the gas; when the pressure of the first air bag 502b exceeds the set value during the inflation of the first air bag 502b, the inflation is stopped; the CCD shooting camera can obtain the position information of the cutter head 100, and when the cutter head 100 is stuck, the control system can control the cutter head 100 to rotate by means of the rotating power source, so that the positioning insertion slot 101a corresponds to the plug-in plate 501e, and the locking connection of the cutter head 100 and the supporting assembly is ensured.

[0047] The working process and principle of the present application are briefly described as follows: in the normal tunneling operation process, the cutter head 100 rotates clockwise, crushing the surrounding rock in the rotating process, and the rubble is sent out through the conveying system; when the pressure in the first air bag 502b exceeds the set first threshold value, the control system determines that the surrounding rock is extruding the shield 200; in order to avoid the shield 200 being stuck by the surrounding rock, the control system sends a command to the electric control valve connected to the first air bag 502b, the electric control valve is opened to make the gas in the first air bag 502b enter the first chute, the control system obtains the position of the cutter head 100 and controls the rotating power source to rotate to the position corresponding to the positioning slot 101a and the insertion plate 501e, the gas released by the first air bag 502b has a certain pressure and then pushes the insertion plate 501e away, so that it is inserted into the positioning slot 101a, realizing the locking connection of the cutter head 100 and the support assembly; the control system controls the cutter head 100 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the plurality of support assemblies in the shield 200 rotate counterclockwise at the same time, in this process, the support height of the support assembly becomes smaller, and then the protection assembly is radially retracted, the support diameter of the shield 200 becomes smaller, which helps the shield 200 to escape;

[0048] After the shield 200 escapes, the control system drives the cutter head 100 and the support assembly to rotate clockwise by a rotating power source, so that the support assembly resets, the support assembly height becomes higher, and then the protection assembly expands radially; after the support assembly resets, gas is filled into the second air bag 606, and when the pressure in the second air bag 606 reaches a certain pressure, the gas is released through the second pipeline, and then the insertion plate 501e in the positioning slot 101a is pushed out, realizing the reset of the insertion plate 501e. After the insertion plate 501e resets, the second air bag 606 continuously releases gas, so that the excess gas enters the external environment from the positioning slot 101a.

[0049] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and does not limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified without creative labor, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Thus, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling structure with anti-jamming features, comprising a cutterhead, a front shield, a telescopic shield, and a rear shield arranged sequentially from front to back; the cutterhead is connected to a rotary power source flange inside the front shield; the front shield includes a rear shell and a double-layer shield body fixed to the front end of the rear shell; the rear shield is provided with at least two hydraulically driven support shoe assemblies; characterized in that: The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure also includes multiple anti-jamming structures spaced apart along the circumference of the front shield. Each anti-jamming structure includes a support component and a protective component that slides with the support component. The double-layer shield body includes an inner protective plate and an outer mounting frame with gaps on the inner protective plate. The outer mounting frame has multiple mounting holes, and a set of protective components is installed in each mounting hole. The support assembly includes a front support and a rear support, which are connected together by a connecting beam. The support height of the front and rear supports gradually decreases from one side to the other along the circumferential direction. The two ends of the protective assembly are respectively slidably engaged with the front and rear supports, and the sliding surface of the protective assembly gradually increases from one side to the other along the circumferential direction. A front guide rail and a rear guide rail with a circular structure are provided between the inner protective plate and the outer mounting frame. The front support member is slidably engaged with the front guide rail and its front end is located in the front gap formed by the outer mounting frame and the inner protective plate. The rear support member is slidably engaged with the rear guide rail. Each front support member has a telescopic plug-in plate at its front end. The rear side of the cutter head has positioning slots that mate with the plug-in plates one by one. The front end of the front support member is provided with a first sliding groove, and the plug plate is sealed and slidably engaged with the first sliding groove; the first airbag of the protective assembly is connected to the first sliding groove through a first pipe, and when the first airbag is supplied with gas to the first sliding groove through the first pipe, it pushes out the plug plate and makes it lock into the positioning slot of the cutter head; the second airbag of the support shoe assembly is connected to the positioning slot through a second pipe, and when the second airbag is supplied with gas to the positioning slot through the second pipe, it pushes out the plug plate and makes it return to the first sliding groove.

2. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front support is a front support base, and the plug plate is in a sealed sliding fit with the first sliding groove; the protective assembly also includes a positioning shell and a movable plate, the positioning shell has a mounting groove, the first airbag and the movable plate are arranged in the mounting groove from the inside to the outside, and the groove opening of the positioning shell is provided with an anti-detachment edge to prevent the movable plate from detaching from the mounting groove; The protective assembly also includes a pair of wedge-shaped blocks spaced apart at the bottom of the positioning shell. The two wedge-shaped blocks are slidably engaged with the front support and the rear support, respectively. The height of the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped blocks gradually increases from one side to the other along the circumferential direction.

3. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipeline includes two first hoses corresponding one-to-one with the wedge blocks and a gas channel opened in the connecting beam. The gas channel is arranged along the axial direction of the front shield and its outlet is connected to the first slide groove. Each first hose is fixedly connected to the connecting beam and the outlet of the first hose extends into the gas channel. A receiving groove for accommodating the first hose is opened on the wedge block. The receiving groove is arranged circumferentially and has a side opening.

4. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug plate has symmetrical second sliding grooves on both sides, and the first sliding groove is provided with a first slider that matches the first sliding groove.

5. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer mounting frame has multiple axially arranged connecting plates, and each connecting plate has a limiting block in the middle. The limiting block has a limiting groove on its limiting surface. The positioning plugs on both sides of the positioning shell are respectively inserted into their corresponding limiting grooves. The thickness of the positioning plug is less than the radial depth of the limiting groove, so that the positioning shell can move radially within the mounting hole.

6. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support boot assembly includes a first support plate and a second support plate with an arc-shaped structure. The second airbag is located between the first support plate and the second support plate. At least two connecting rods are fixedly connected to the first support plate. Each connecting rod extends through the second support plate. The end of the connecting rod has an anti-detachment boss to prevent the second support plate from detaching. A limiting boss for restricting the radial movement of the second support plate is provided on the connecting rod located between the first support plate and the second support plate.

7. The anti-jamming shield tunneling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second pipeline includes a second flexible hose and an air delivery channel opened on the front shield. The second flexible hose and the air delivery channel are connected. The air delivery channel is connected to a ring pipe embedded in the main cutter head. Multiple branch pipes connected to the ring pipe are respectively connected to the positioning slots.

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