Oil collector ring, fuel nozzle and combustion chamber

Abstract

The application provides a kind of oil collecting ring, fuel nozzle and combustion chamber, oil collecting ring includes shell, stem core and purging mechanism, shell has accommodating chamber;Stem core is arranged in accommodating chamber, stem core includes pre-combustion stage oil path and main combustion stage oil path, main combustion stage oil path has injection port, shell is opened with the flow guide hole corresponding to injection port, shell is circumferentially opened with multiple flow guide holes;Purging mechanism is arranged outside the flow guide hole of shell, purging mechanism includes first purging assembly and second purging assembly, the air flow pressure of first purging assembly side towards flow guide hole is higher than second purging assembly.The oil collecting ring of the application forms relative positive pressure area and relative negative pressure area near the flow guide hole by using first purging assembly and second purging assembly, the relative pressure difference formed at different flow guide holes can automatically blow off the effect of fuel when main combustion stage oil path is closed, effectively reduces the risk of main combustion stage oil path coking, improves the service life of fuel nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, specifically to an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle, and a combustion chamber. Background Technology

[0002] In an aircraft engine, the fuel nozzle is primarily affected by convective heat transfer from the inlet air and radiative heat transfer from the combustion gases within the combustion chamber. As engine cycle parameters increase, the temperatures of the inlet air and the combustion gases rise, consequently increasing the heat load on the nozzle, as well as the temperature of the fuel nozzle's inner wall and the fuel itself.

[0003] High fuel wet-wall temperatures cause thermal oxidation or thermal decomposition reactions in the fuel. Oxidation occurs when the fuel wet-wall temperature exceeds 421K, while thermal decomposition occurs when it exceeds 699K. These reactions result in fuel deposits and coking on the fuel line walls, reducing the flow area of ​​the fuel lines and, in severe cases, clogging the nozzles and affecting fuel atomization. Increasingly poor fuel atomization leads to deterioration in combustion efficiency, emissions, and outlet temperature distribution in the combustion chamber, increasing engine fuel consumption, reducing power performance, and jeopardizing turbine blade lifespan, posing a serious threat to flight safety.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate thermal protection design into the nozzles to reduce the heating effect of external heat sources on the fuel, lower the temperature of the nozzle's inner wall, and thus prevent coking. For the main combustion stage fuel circuit, a purging structure design is required to address the remaining fuel in the circuit after it is shut down.

[0005] Based on this, the inventors of this application propose an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle, and a combustion chamber to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the fuel in the fuel line is prone to oxidation reaction when the main combustion stage fuel line is closed, thereby reducing the flow area of ​​the fuel line, and to provide a fuel collecting ring, a fuel nozzle and a combustion chamber.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides an oil collecting ring, characterized in that the outer shell has a receiving chamber;

[0009] The rod core is disposed in the accommodating cavity. The rod core includes a pre-combustion stage oil passage and a main combustion stage oil passage. The main combustion stage oil passage has an injection port. The outer shell has a guide hole corresponding to the injection port. The outer shell has a plurality of guide holes circumferentially.

[0010] A purging mechanism is provided outside the guide hole of the housing. The purging mechanism includes a first purging component and a second purging component. The airflow pressure of the first purging component toward the guide hole is higher than that of the second purging component.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the purging mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first purging assembly includes a first rod and a second rod, the first rod and the second rod being spaced apart and angled, the first rod and the second rod extending away from each other along the direction of the cyclone outlet airflow to form a relatively positive pressure zone around the guide hole;

[0013] The second purging assembly includes a third rod and a fourth rod, the third rod and the fourth rod being spaced apart and angled together, the third rod and the fourth rod being close to each other along the airflow direction of the cyclone outlet to form a relative negative pressure zone around the guide hole.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, both the first rod and the second rod are arc-shaped, and the first rod and the second rod bulge outward from the guide hole in the direction facing the guide hole.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, both the third rod and the fourth rod are straight rods, and the ends of the third rod and the fourth rod extend to the guide hole, and the spacing between them at the guide hole is consistent with the diameter of the guide hole.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first purging assembly and the second purging assembly are symmetrically arranged along the outer circumference of the housing.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first purging assembly and the second purging assembly are arranged in a cross pattern along the outer periphery of the housing.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first purging components is greater than the number of the second purging components.

[0019] The present invention also provides a fuel injector, characterized in that it comprises:

[0020] Fuel injector;

[0021] As described above, the oil collecting ring has a swirler installed on its outer side, and one end of the fuel injector is connected to the oil collecting ring.

[0022] The present invention also provides a combustion chamber, characterized in that it comprises:

[0023] Flame tube;

[0024] A housing, which is located outside the flame tube and connected to the flame tube;

[0025] As described above, one end of the fuel nozzle is connected to the flame tube.

[0026] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] The oil collecting ring of this invention uses a first purging component and a second purging component to form a relatively positive pressure zone and a relatively negative pressure zone near the guide hole. The relative pressure difference formed at different guide holes can automatically purge fuel when the main combustion stage fuel circuit is closed, effectively reducing the risk of coking in the main combustion stage fuel circuit and improving the service life of the fuel nozzle.

[0028] The oil collecting ring provided by this invention, with its purging mechanism design, increases the structural strength of the outer shell of the oil collecting ring and reduces the risk of cracks appearing near the main nozzle due to high-temperature deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the oil collecting ring in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The front view of the outer shell of the oil collecting ring shown;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The isometric view of the outer shell of the oil collecting ring shown;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The front view of the casing shown.

[0038] 10. Oil collecting ring;

[0039] 11. Outer shell; 110. Receiving chamber; 111. Flow guide hole;

[0040] 12. Rod core; 120. Pre-combustion stage fuel passage; 121. Main combustion stage fuel passage; 122. Injection port;

[0041] 13. Purge mechanism; 130. First purging assembly; 131. Second purging assembly; 132. First rod; 133. Second rod; 134. Third rod; 135. Fourth rod;

[0042] 20. Injector bar; 210. Swirl generator;

[0043] 30. Combustion chamber; 310. Flame tube; 320. Casing; 330. Fuel nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used in all the drawings to denote the same or similar parts. Furthermore, although the terminology used herein is selected from commonly known and used terminology, some terms mentioned in this specification may have been chosen by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of the description herein. Moreover, the invention should be understood not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 The present invention proposes a combustion chamber 30, which includes a flame tube 310, a casing 320 and a fuel nozzle 330. The casing 320 is located outside the flame tube 310 and connected to the flame tube 310. The airflow entering the combustion chamber 30 is divided into three streams, including outer chamber air, head intake air and inner annular chamber air.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the combustion chamber 30 of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the oil collecting ring 10 of the present invention is shown.

[0048] The fuel nozzle 330 includes an injection rod 20 and a fuel collecting ring 10. A swirler 210 is provided on the outside of the fuel collecting ring 10. The injection rod 20 is fixed to the casing 320. Air is compressed by the compressor and enters the combustion chamber 30. It mixes with the fuel output from the fuel collecting ring 10 of the fuel nozzle 330 and is burned in the flame tube 310. The resulting high-temperature gas flows backward and drives the turbine to do work.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 3 to 6 , Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle. Figure 4 It shows Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the outer shell 11 of the CIMC oil ring 10. Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 The enlarged structural intention at point B in the middle. Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0050] Specifically, the oil collecting ring 10 includes a housing 11, a rod core 12, and a purging mechanism 13. The housing 11 has a receiving chamber 110, and the rod core 12 is located in the receiving chamber 110. The rod core 12 includes a pre-combustion stage oil passage 120 and a main combustion stage oil passage 121. The main combustion stage oil passage 121 has an injection port 122. The housing 11 is provided with guide holes 111 corresponding to the injection port 122, and the housing 11 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 111 in the circumferential direction.

[0051] Multiple guide holes 111 are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the housing 11 to uniformly spray fuel into the inlet peripheral space of the flame tube 310, thereby improving the uniformity of fuel injection.

[0052] When the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121 is open, fuel is sprayed out from the injection port 122 through the guide hole 111. After atomization, it mixes with the air at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 and burns in the flame tube 310. When the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121 is closed, some fuel remains in the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121. If it is not blown out in time, there is a risk that the fuel will coke due to heat.

[0053] The purging mechanism 13 is located outside the guide hole 111 of the housing 11. The purging mechanism 13 includes a first purging component 130 and a second purging component 131. The airflow pressure of the first purging component 130 toward the guide hole 111 is higher than that of the second purging component 131.

[0054] The purging mechanism 13 of this application is used to automatically purge out some of the residual fuel in the main combustion stage fuel line 121 when the main combustion stage fuel line 121 is closed, thereby avoiding the risk of fuel coking due to heat.

[0055] When the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 is closed, the first purging assembly 130 and the second purging assembly 131 generate a pressure difference at their respective corresponding guide holes 111. Under the action of the pressure difference, the airflow outside the housing 11 enters the fuel line from the high-pressure side and blows out the fuel remaining in the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 from the low-pressure side, effectively reducing the risk of coking in the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 and improving the service life of the nozzle.

[0056] In one embodiment, the purging mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to the housing 11. For example, it can be welded or integrally set. The purging mechanism 13 is set on the housing 11, which increases the structural strength of the housing 11 of the oil collecting ring 10 and reduces the risk of cracks appearing near the injection port 122 due to high temperature deformation.

[0057] Compared to the existing technology that uses holes in the housing 11 to create a pressure difference, this application is beneficial for improving the service life of the housing 11. In the existing technology, under high temperature conditions, further opening holes around the injection port 122 would undoubtedly increase the risk of cracks in the housing 11.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The first purging assembly 130 includes a first rod 132 and a second rod 133. The first rod 132 and the second rod 133 are spaced apart and set at an angle. The first rod 132 and the second rod 133 extend away from each other along the airflow direction at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 to form a relatively positive pressure zone around the guide hole 111.

[0059] Correspondingly, the second purging assembly 131 includes a third rod 134 and a fourth rod 135. The third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are spaced apart and angled together. The third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 approach each other along the airflow direction at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 to form a relative negative pressure zone around the guide hole 111.

[0060] The first rod 132 and the second rod 133 extend away from each other toward the ends of the guide hole 111, thereby forming an expansion channel between the first rod 132 and the second rod 133. The airflow W at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 is decelerated and pressurized in the expansion channel, forming a relatively positive pressure zone near the guide hole 111.

[0061] A contraction channel is formed between the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135. The airflow W at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 increases in speed and decreases in pressure within the contraction channel, forming a relatively negative pressure zone near the guide hole 111.

[0062] For details, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 It shows Figure 2 The image shown is an isometric view of the outer shell 11 of the oil collecting ring 10. Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 Front view of the inner shell 11.

[0063] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagram shows an airflow from the cyclone 210 side flowing into the guide hole 111 corresponding to the first purging assembly 130 and flowing out from the guide hole 111 corresponding to the second purging assembly 131.

[0064] When the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 is closed, due to the existence of a relatively positive pressure zone and a relatively negative pressure zone near the injection port 122, a pressure difference is generated between the different injection ports 122. The purging airflow flows into the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 from the relatively positive pressure zone I and blows out the residual fuel in the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 from the relatively negative pressure zone O. This achieves the effect of automatically purging fuel when the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 is closed, effectively reducing the risk of coking in the main combustion stage fuel passage 121 and improving the service life of the fuel nozzle 330.

[0065] That is, under the action of the first rod 132, the second rod 133, the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135, the structural strength of the outer shell 11 is increased, while the risk of cracks appearing near the injection port 122 due to high temperature deformation is reduced.

[0066] In one embodiment, both the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 are arc-shaped, and the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 protrude outward from the guide hole 111 in the direction of the guide hole 111.

[0067] Specifically, the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 are made into an arc shape, and the ends of the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 extend in a flared form in the direction of the guide hole 111. In this way, the cross-sectional area for gas flow is larger near the guide hole 111, so that the airflow is decelerated and pressurized around the guide hole 111.

[0068] Correspondingly, the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are both straight rods, and the ends of the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 extend to the guide hole 111, and the spacing at the guide hole 111 is consistent with the diameter of the guide hole 111.

[0069] Specifically, if the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are made into straight rods, then the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 extend in a constricted form in the direction of the guide hole 111. In this way, the gas flow area gradually decreases near the guide hole 111, and the airflow speeds up and decreases in pressure around the guide hole 111.

[0070] That is, setting the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 to be arc-shaped is beneficial to increasing the cross-sectional area around the guide hole 111, thereby increasing the flared area and creating a greater pressure difference between the first rod 132 and the second rod 133.

[0071] Setting the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 as straight rods is beneficial to collecting the airflow at the outlet of the cyclone separator 210, thereby forming a relatively negative pressure zone near the guide hole 111.

[0072] In one embodiment, the first purging assembly 130 and the second purging assembly 131 are symmetrically arranged along the outer periphery of the housing 11.

[0073] In some other embodiments, the first purging assembly 130 and the second purging assembly 131 are arranged in a cross pattern along the outer periphery of the housing 11.

[0074] That is, the distribution of the first purging assembly 130 and the second purging assembly 131 can be arranged symmetrically along the radial direction of the outer shell 11, or they can be arranged at intervals, etc., which is not limited here.

[0075] In one embodiment, the number of first purging components 130 is greater than the number of second purging components 131.

[0076] That is, using a larger number of first purging components 130 can improve the efficiency of purging residual fuel.

[0077] The oil collecting ring 10 is designed with thermal protection to reduce the heating effect of external heat sources on the fuel and lower the inner wall temperature of the fuel nozzle 330, thereby preventing coking.

[0078] A purging structure is designed to address the residual fuel in the fuel circuit after the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121 is closed. The pressure at some injection ports 122 is higher than that at other injection ports 122. When the airflow from the outlet of the cyclone separator 210 flows through the injection ports 122, under the pressure difference distribution, the airflow enters the injection port 122 through the position with the lower pressure difference and exits from the injection port 122 with the higher pressure difference. This carries away the residual fuel in the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121, thereby ensuring the purging effect of the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121.

[0079] In summary, the oil collecting ring 10 of the present invention utilizes the first purging assembly 130 and the second purging assembly 131 to form a relatively positive pressure zone and a relatively negative pressure zone near the guide hole 111. The relative pressure difference formed at different guide holes 111 can automatically purge fuel when the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121 is closed, effectively reducing the risk of coking in the main combustion stage fuel circuit 121 and improving the service life of the fuel nozzle 330.

[0080] The oil collecting ring 10 provided by the present invention effectively reduces the risk of coking when the main combustion stage oil passage 121 is closed, and improves the service life of the fuel nozzle 330. At the same time, the design of the purging mechanism 13 increases the structural strength of the outer shell 11 of the oil collecting ring 10 and reduces the risk of cracks appearing near the main nozzle due to high temperature deformation.

[0081] This application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. Terms such as "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" in different locations throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0082] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the embodiments of this application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application may sometimes combine multiple features into one embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims.

[0083] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil collection ring characterized by, The application relates to a fuel nozzle, comprising: a shell having a containing chamber; a rod core arranged in the containing chamber, the rod core comprising a pre-combustion stage oil path and a main combustion stage oil path, the main combustion stage oil path having a jet port, the shell being provided with a flow guide hole corresponding to the jet port, and the shell being provided with a plurality of flow guide holes in the circumferential direction; a blowing mechanism arranged outside the flow guide hole of the shell, the blowing mechanism comprising a first blowing assembly and a second blowing assembly, the airflow pressure of the first blowing assembly being higher than that of the second blowing assembly; the first blowing assembly comprises a first rod body and a second rod body, the first rod body and the second rod body being arranged at an angle and being spaced apart, and the first rod body and the second rod body extending away from each other in the direction of the outlet airflow of the cyclone so as to form a relative positive pressure area around the flow guide hole; the second blowing assembly comprises a third rod body and a fourth rod body, the third rod body and the fourth rod body being arranged at an angle and being spaced apart, and the third rod body and the fourth rod body extending towards each other in the direction of the outlet airflow of the cyclone so as to form a relative negative pressure area around the flow guide hole.

2. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein The blowing mechanism is fixedly connected with the shell.

3. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein, The first rod body and the second rod body are both arc-shaped, and the first rod body and the second rod body are convexly away from the flow guide hole in the direction of the flow guide hole.

4. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein, The third rod body and the fourth rod body are both straight rods, the third rod body and the fourth rod body extend to the flow guide hole at the end portions, and the spacing distance of the third rod body and the fourth rod body at the flow guide hole is consistent with the hole diameter of the flow guide hole.

5. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein, The first blowing assembly and the second blowing assembly are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the shell.

6. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein The first blowing assembly and the second blowing assembly are arranged in a cross arrangement in the circumferential direction of the shell.

7. The oil collection ring of claim 1, wherein The number of the first blowing assemblies is greater than that of the second blowing assemblies.

8. A fuel nozzle characterized by, The application relates to a fuel nozzle, comprising: an oil injection rod; the oil collecting ring of any one of claims 1-7 is arranged outside a cyclone, and one end of the oil injection rod is connected with the oil collecting ring.

9. A combustion chamber, characterized by The application relates to a fuel nozzle, comprising: a flame tube; a casing arranged outside the flame tube and connected with the flame tube; the fuel nozzle of claim 8 is connected with one end of the flame tube.

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