Satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method comprises the following steps: constructing an optical camera imaging parameter lookup table meeting satellite design indexes; determining a satellite attitude and orbit position parameter sequence during satellite imaging observation; target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area are determined, and meanwhile, target optical characteristics are utilized to model target radiance signals; determining the boundary of the optional imaging parameter combination of each spectrum band of the satellite optical camera; estimating imaging performance parameters of the satellite optical camera under various imaging parameter combination conditions; and calculating a mahalanobis distance by using the imaging performance parameters of the satellite optical camera under each parameter combination and task indexes required by an imaging task, and obtaining an optimal imaging parameter according to the mahalanobis distance. According to the invention, automatic optimization of optical satellite imaging parameters is realized, and the usability of satellite control is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical remote sensing satellite imaging performance simulation and satellite-ground system joint optimization, and relates to a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation. Background Art

[0002] The camera imaging parameters of traditional optical remote sensing satellites for earth observation often use fixed spectrum, exposure time and gain. However, under different lighting conditions, atmospheric environment and underlying surface radiation properties, as well as different satellite imaging attitude constraints, fixed imaging parameter settings cannot achieve the best performance of the on-orbit modulation transfer function, signal-to-noise ratio, temperature resolution, image dynamic range, and imaging positioning accuracy of the target area of ​​the actual target scene data.

[0003] For high-resolution optical remote sensing satellites, this phenomenon is more prominent. In order to solve the problem that the on-orbit imaging parameters of optical remote sensing satellites can adapt to the fine detection of different observation scenes, it is necessary to obtain as many on-orbit imaging parameter combinations as possible through laboratory calibration. However, the use of these imaging parameter combinations often relies on empiricism, which increases the difficulty of satellite control. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation, which can estimate the actual ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging positioning accuracy under the imaging target environment conditions specified by the user before the satellite performs the imaging task, thereby realizing automatic optimization of optical satellite imaging parameters and improving the usability of satellite control.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation, comprising:

[0006] Before the satellite is launched and in the early stage of orbit, a lookup table of optical camera imaging parameters that meets the satellite design specifications is constructed;

[0007] According to the set ground target point location, imaging time and imaging spectrum requirements, mission planning is carried out to determine the satellite attitude and orbit position parameter sequence during satellite imaging observation;

[0008] According to the set latitude and longitude of the imaging area and the imaging time, the radiation characteristic parameters of the target in the imaging area are determined, and the target radiance signal is modeled using the target optical characteristics;

[0009] According to the camera frame rate determined by the satellite imaging mission and the maximum and minimum values ​​that can be set for the integration time and gain parameter combination in the optical camera imaging parameter lookup table, the boundaries of the optional imaging parameter combinations of each spectral band of the satellite optical camera are determined;

[0010] According to the satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence determined during satellite imaging observation, the target radiation characteristic parameters and target radiance signal, and the boundaries of the optional imaging parameter combinations of each spectral band of the satellite optical camera, the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under each imaging parameter combination condition are estimated;

[0011] The Mahalanobis distance is calculated using the imaging performance parameters of the satellite optical camera under various parameter combinations and the task indicators required by the imaging mission, and the optimal imaging parameters are obtained based on the Mahalanobis distance.

[0012] The method of constructing an optical camera imaging parameter lookup table that meets satellite design indicators includes: using a camera radiation calibration test before satellite launch or an on-orbit radiation calibration test in the early stage of satellite orbit entry to determine a combination of camera spectral integration time and gain parameters that meet on-orbit imaging quality requirements, and establishing an optical camera imaging parameter lookup table.

[0013] The method of determining the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area according to the set longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time includes: the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area include target reflectivity and target temperature attributes, and the acquisition method is to interpolate the surface reflectivity and temperature time series data of the satellite imaging area according to the set longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time, and use the surface reflectivity and temperature closest to the longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time as the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area.

[0014] The method of modeling the target radiance signal by using the radiation characteristic parameters of the target in the imaging area includes: selecting an atmospheric mode and an aerosol mode according to the longitude and latitude and imaging time given by the imaging task, calculating the satellite observation angle and the solar illumination angle by using the satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence obtained during the satellite imaging observation, inputting the obtained satellite observation angle and the solar illumination angle into the atmospheric radiation transmission model, and obtaining the target radiance signal observed by the satellite optical camera.

[0015] The estimating the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under various imaging parameter combination conditions includes: traversing the optional parameters within the range of each spectral band, optional integration time, and gain boundary conditions, constructing a parameter combination {spectral band, integration time, gain}, and estimating the satellite optical camera on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X for each imaging parameter combination.

[0016] X i =[a1 a2 ... a6]

[0017] Among them, X irepresents the on-orbit imaging performance parameters corresponding to the i-th group of parameter combinations, a1, a2…a6 represent the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging positioning accuracy, respectively.

[0018] The on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera is estimated for each imaging parameter combination. i ,include:

[0019] Estimate ground spatial resolution: Calculate the ground spatial resolution of the central target pixel of the imaging mission scene based on the Earth geometry model, the focal length of the satellite-mounted camera, the satellite pitch angle, the satellite sway angle, the camera's field of view, the detector pixel size, and the observation angle.

[0020] Estimate the width of the imaging area: Based on the geometric model of satellite earth observation and the camera on board the satellite, calculate the width of the imaging area of ​​the satellite-mounted camera corresponding to the ground;

[0021] Estimated imaging positioning accuracy: Calculate the satellite's imaging positioning accuracy for a target at a specified ground location based on the instrument installation error of the satellite's onboard camera, satellite attitude determination error, satellite position determination error, and satellite clock time error;

[0022] Estimation of modulation transfer function: Under the given spectrum, target and background parameters, atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, observation angle and sun angle of the imaging task, the atmospheric radiation transfer equation is used to calculate the radiation brightness of the top of the atmosphere background and the target, and then the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the task scene is calculated. in , the simulated scene image is Fourier transformed, multiplied by the atmospheric turbulence degradation function and the linear motion degradation function between the satellite and the ground in the frequency domain, and then Fourier inverse transformed to restore it to the spatial dimension image, and the modulation transfer function MTF restored to the spatial dimension image is obtained out , thus finally obtaining the estimated on-orbit modulation transfer function MTF = MTF0 × MTF out / MTF in , where MTF0 is the static modulation transfer function of the camera;

[0023] Estimate the on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio: Use the camera radiation response coefficient and the determined target radiance signal to calculate the DN value S of the camera observing the target t , using the camera radiation calibration test data conducted before the satellite launch to calculate the noise DN value N for the specified target of the imaging mission t , and obtain the on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio

[0024] Estimate the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging: The atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, observation angle and sun angle given by the imaging task, and the maximum and minimum reflectivity of the objects in the imaging area are input into the MODTRAN atmospheric radiation transfer model and the radiation response coefficient obtained by the camera radiation calibration test to obtain the maximum DN value and the minimum DN value of the camera imaging as the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging;

[0025] Estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution: Use the camera infrared spectrum laboratory radiation calibration test data to calculate the noise equivalent temperature difference NETD that is closest to the target temperature state corresponding to the imaging task. Use the atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, and observation angle given by the imaging task to input the atmospheric radiation transmission model to calculate the atmospheric transmittance τ, and then estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution ΔT = NETD × ωτ, where ω represents the design value of the impact factor of radiation concentration caused by satellite platform jitter.

[0026] The Mahalanobis distance is calculated using the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under each parameter combination and the task indicators required by the imaging task, and the optimal imaging parameters are obtained based on the Mahalanobis distance, including:

[0027] Calculate the imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera on-orbit i The mathematical expectation V of the covariance matrix of the set of X vectors;

[0028] Calculate the vector X based on the obtained mathematical expectation V i The Mahalanobis distance D(X i ,X0);

[0029] D(X i ,X0) are sorted, and the imaging parameter combination with the smallest Mahalanobis distance is the optimal imaging parameter.

[0030] The on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera i The mathematical expectation of the covariance matrix of the set of X vectors Where n represents the total number of satellite optical camera imaging spectrum segments required for the imaging mission, is the mathematical expectation of X.

[0031] The Mahalanobis distance Among them, X0 represents the vector composed of the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, imaging positioning accuracy, and on-orbit temperature resolution parameter indicators required by the user's technical requirements.

[0032] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0033] The present invention proposes a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation, which can be used to support satellites to autonomously set camera imaging parameters according to imaging mission scenarios. Compared with the existing method of using fixed parameters or empirically configuring camera imaging parameters on orbit, the present invention provides a method for pre-estimating the imaging performance of the imaging mission observation target and optimizing the camera imaging parameter settings corresponding to the best imaging performance. While achieving the best imaging performance index within the satellite imaging performance boundary, it reduces the difficulty for users to control high-resolution optical remote sensing satellites and improves the usability of the satellite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A flow chart of a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, for the imaging task of a satellite using an infrared multi-spectral camera to observe a terrestrial target at normal temperature, a satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation proposed in the present invention is used to perform the process of optimizing the on-orbit imaging exposure time, gain and imaging spectrum as follows.

[0036] 1. Before the satellite is launched and in the initial stage of orbit entry, the integral time lookup table that meets the imaging performance indicators under the nominal surface reflectivity and nominal surface temperature is determined as follows. In addition, the camera gain can be freely combined with the above exposure time, and the gain can be set to 1 times, 1.1 times, and 1.4 times.

[0037]

[0038] 2. The user defines the latitude and longitude of the ground target point of the imaging mission as (40°N, 110°E), and the imaging time is 11:00 am Beijing time on January 12, 2024. The imaging mission requires imaging one of the five infrared spectral bands with the best imaging performance, and through mission planning, determine the imaging observation attitude and orbit positioning parameter sequence. It can be determined that the imaging time is daytime, so the parameters are optimized from the daytime spectral band and exposure time combination in the table in the previous step, as well as different gains.

[0039] 3. Determine the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area according to the longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time defined by the user. The target radiation characteristic parameters include target reflectivity and target temperature attributes. The acquisition method is to interpolate the surface reflectivity and temperature time series data of the satellite imaging area according to the set longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time, and use the surface reflectivity and temperature closest to the longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time as the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area. In this specific embodiment, the long-wave infrared reflectivity of the corresponding target is 0.11 and the surface temperature is 296K.

[0040] After determining the target optical characteristic parameters, the atmospheric mode and aerosol mode are selected according to the latitude and longitude and imaging time given by the imaging task. The satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence obtained during satellite imaging observation are used to calculate the satellite observation angle and solar illumination angle. The above parameters are input into the atmospheric radiation transfer model, such as MODTRAN, to simulate the satellite optical camera observing the target radiance signal.

[0041] 4. Determine the camera frame rate determined by the satellite imaging mission, as well as the maximum and minimum values ​​that can be set for imaging parameter combinations such as integration time and gain parameters in the optical camera imaging parameter lookup table, as the boundaries of the optional imaging parameter combinations for each spectral band of the satellite optical camera.

[0042] 5. According to the satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence, target radiation characteristic parameters and target radiance signal during satellite imaging observation, estimate the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under various imaging parameter combination conditions. The specific steps are as follows: traverse the optional parameters within the range of each camera spectrum, optional integration time and gain boundary conditions, construct a parameter combination {spectral band, integration time, gain}, and estimate the on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X for each imaging parameter combination i. i ,

[0043] X i =[a1 a2 ... a6]

[0044] Among them, X i represents the on-orbit imaging performance parameter corresponding to the i-th group of parameter combinations, a1, a2…a6 represent the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging positioning accuracy, respectively. For the thermal infrared camera imaging task of this specific embodiment, the on-orbit temperature resolution is used instead of the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0045] The following estimates the on-orbit imaging parameters for different camera parameter combinations of {spectral band, integration time, gain}.

[0046] Estimate ground spatial resolution: Calculate the ground spatial resolution of the central target pixel of the imaging mission scene based on the Earth geometry model, the focal length of the satellite-mounted camera, the satellite pitch angle, the satellite sway angle, the camera's field of view, the detector pixel size, the observation angle and other parameters;

[0047] Estimate the width of the imaging area: Based on the geometric model of satellite earth observation and the camera on board the satellite, calculate the width of the imaging area of ​​the satellite-mounted camera corresponding to the ground;

[0048] Estimated imaging positioning accuracy: Calculate the satellite's imaging positioning accuracy for a target at a specified ground location based on the satellite's onboard camera instrument installation error, satellite attitude determination error, satellite position determination error, satellite clock time error, etc.

[0049] Estimate the on-orbit modulation transfer function: Under the given spectral band, target and background parameters, atmospheric and aerosol patterns, observation angles and solar angles, the atmospheric radiation transfer equation is used to calculate the radiance of the top of the atmosphere background and the target, and then the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the mission scene is calculated. in , perform Fourier transform on the simulated scene image, multiply it with the atmospheric turbulence degradation function and the linear motion degradation function between the satellite and the ground in the frequency domain, and then perform inverse Fourier transform to restore it to the spatial dimension image, and calculate the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the restored spatial dimension image out , thus obtaining the estimated on-orbit modulation transfer function MTF = MTF0 × MTF out / MTF in , where MTF0 is the static modulation transfer function of the camera.

[0050] Estimation of the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging: The atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, observation angle and sun angle, maximum reflectivity and minimum reflectivity of the objects in the imaging area and other parameters given by the imaging task are input into the MODTRAN atmospheric radiation transfer model and the radiation response coefficient obtained by the camera radiation calibration test, and the maximum DN value and minimum DN value of the camera imaging are estimated. The maximum DN value and the minimum DN value are used as the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging.

[0051] Estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution: Use the camera infrared spectrum radiation calibration test data to calculate the noise equivalent temperature difference NETD that is closest to the target temperature specified by the imaging task. Use the atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, and observation angle given by the imaging task to input the atmospheric radiation transmission model to calculate the atmospheric transmittance τ, and then estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution ΔT = NETD × ωτ. In this specific embodiment, the image motion caused by platform jitter is 0.05 pixels, and the design value of the influence factor of radiation concentration caused by satellite platform jitter is ω = 1 / (1-0.05 2 )=1.0025.

[0052] 6. Calculate the Mahalanobis distance using the camera imaging performance parameters under each parameter combination and the task indicators required by the imaging task, and optimize the imaging parameter combination.

[0053] First, calculate the mathematical expectation V of the covariance matrix of the X vector set, that is,

[0054]

[0055] Where n represents the total number of satellite optical camera imaging spectrum segments required for the imaging mission, and X is the mathematical expectation of X;

[0056] Then, calculate the vector X i The Mahalanobis distance from the mission indicator vector X0 required by the satellite imaging mission,

[0057]

[0058] Among them, X0 represents the vector composed of the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging positioning accuracy parameter indicators required by the user's technical requirements.

[0059] Finally, D(X i ,X0) are sorted, and the imaging parameter combination with the smallest Mahalanobis distance is the optimal imaging parameter. In this specific embodiment, the Mahalanobis distance sequence under different imaging parameter combinations is sorted from small to large as shown in the following table, and the final imaging parameter tuning result recommends that the imaging parameters be set to {spectral band, exposure time, gain} = {spectral band 2, 35.6ms, 1.4}.

[0060]

[0061] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation, characterized in that: include: Before the satellite is launched and in the early stage of orbit, a lookup table of optical camera imaging parameters that meets the satellite design specifications is constructed; According to the set ground target point location, imaging time and imaging spectrum requirements, mission planning is carried out to determine the satellite attitude and orbit position parameter sequence during satellite imaging observation; According to the set latitude and longitude of the imaging area and the imaging time, the radiation characteristic parameters of the target in the imaging area are determined, and the target radiance signal is modeled using the target optical characteristics; According to the camera frame rate determined by the satellite imaging mission and the maximum and minimum values ​​that can be set for the integration time and gain parameter combination in the optical camera imaging parameter lookup table, the boundaries of the optional imaging parameter combinations of each spectral band of the satellite optical camera are determined; According to the satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence determined during satellite imaging observation, the target radiation characteristic parameters and target radiance signal, and the boundaries of the optional imaging parameter combinations of each spectral band of the satellite optical camera, the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under each imaging parameter combination condition are estimated; The Mahalanobis distance is calculated using the imaging performance parameters of the satellite optical camera under various parameter combinations and the task indicators required by the imaging mission, and the optimal imaging parameters are obtained based on the Mahalanobis distance.

2. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of constructing an optical camera imaging parameter lookup table that meets satellite design indicators includes: using a camera radiation calibration test before satellite launch or an on-orbit radiation calibration test in the early stage of satellite orbit entry to determine a combination of camera spectral integration time and gain parameters that meet on-orbit imaging quality requirements, and establishing an optical camera imaging parameter lookup table.

3. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area according to the set longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time includes: the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area include target reflectivity and target temperature attributes, and the acquisition method is to interpolate the surface reflectivity and temperature time series data of the satellite imaging area according to the set longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time, and use the surface reflectivity and temperature closest to the longitude and latitude of the imaging area and the imaging time as the target radiation characteristic parameters of the imaging area.

4. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of modeling the target radiance signal by using the radiation characteristic parameters of the target in the imaging area includes: selecting an atmospheric mode and an aerosol mode according to the longitude and latitude and imaging time given by the imaging task, calculating the satellite observation angle and the solar illumination angle by using the satellite attitude and orbital position parameter sequence obtained during the satellite imaging observation, inputting the obtained satellite observation angle and the solar illumination angle into the atmospheric radiation transmission model, and obtaining the target radiance signal observed by the satellite optical camera.

5. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The estimating the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under various imaging parameter combination conditions includes: traversing the optional parameters within the range of each spectral band, optional integration time, and gain boundary conditions, constructing a parameter combination {spectral band, integration time, gain}, and estimating the satellite optical camera on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X for each imaging parameter combination. <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">X<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> i <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (a1 a2...a6) Among them, X i represents the on-orbit imaging performance parameters corresponding to the i-th group of parameter combinations, a1, a2…a6 represent the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging positioning accuracy, respectively.

6. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera is estimated for each imaging parameter combination. i ,include: Estimate ground spatial resolution: Calculate the ground spatial resolution of the central target pixel of the imaging mission scene based on the Earth geometry model, the focal length of the satellite-mounted camera, the satellite pitch angle, the satellite sway angle, the camera's field of view, the detector pixel size, and the observation angle. Estimate the width of the imaging area: Based on the geometric model of satellite earth observation and the camera on board the satellite, calculate the width of the imaging area of ​​the satellite-mounted camera corresponding to the ground; Estimated imaging positioning accuracy: Calculate the satellite's imaging positioning accuracy for a target at a specified ground location based on the instrument installation error of the satellite's onboard camera, satellite attitude determination error, satellite position determination error, and satellite clock time error; Estimation of modulation transfer function: Under the given spectrum, target and background parameters, atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, observation angle and sun angle of the imaging task, the atmospheric radiation transfer equation is used to calculate the radiation brightness of the top of the atmosphere background and the target, and then the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the mission scene is calculated. in , the simulated scene image is Fourier transformed, multiplied by the atmospheric turbulence degradation function and the linear motion degradation function between the satellite and the ground in the frequency domain, and then Fourier inverse transform is performed to restore it to the spatial dimension image, and the modulation transfer function MTF restored to the spatial dimension image is obtained out , thus finally obtaining the estimated on-orbit modulation transfer function MTF = MTF0 × MTF out / MTF in , where MTF0 is the static modulation transfer function of the camera; Estimate the on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio: Use the camera radiation response coefficient and the determined target radiance signal to calculate the DN value S of the camera observing the target t , using the camera radiation calibration test data conducted before the satellite launch to calculate the noise DN value N for the specified target of the imaging mission t , and obtain the on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio Estimate the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging: The atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, observation angle and sun angle given by the imaging task, and the maximum and minimum reflectivity of the objects in the imaging area are input into the MODTRAN atmospheric radiation transfer model and the radiation response coefficient obtained by the camera radiation calibration test to obtain the maximum DN value and the minimum DN value of the camera imaging as the dynamic range of on-orbit imaging; Estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution: Use the camera infrared spectrum laboratory radiation calibration test data to calculate the noise equivalent temperature difference NETD that is closest to the target temperature state corresponding to the imaging task. Use the atmospheric mode and aerosol mode, spectrum, and observation angle given by the imaging task to input the atmospheric radiation transmission model to calculate the atmospheric transmittance τ, and then estimate the on-orbit temperature resolution ΔT = NETD × ωτ, where ω represents the design value of the impact factor of radiation concentration caused by satellite platform jitter.

7. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Mahalanobis distance is calculated using the satellite optical camera imaging performance parameters under each parameter combination and the task indicators required by the imaging task, and the optimal imaging parameters are obtained based on the Mahalanobis distance, including: Calculate the imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera on-orbit i The mathematical expectation V of the covariance matrix of the set of X vectors; Calculate the vector X based on the obtained mathematical expectation V i The Mahalanobis distance D(X i ,X0); D(X i ,X0) are sorted, and the imaging parameter combination with the smallest Mahalanobis distance is the optimal imaging parameter.

8. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The on-orbit imaging performance parameter vector X of the satellite optical camera i The mathematical expectation of the covariance matrix of the set of X vectors Where n represents the total number of satellite optical camera imaging spectrum segments required for the imaging mission, is the mathematical expectation of X.

9. The satellite-ground integrated imaging parameter tuning method based on target imaging performance simulation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Mahalanobis distance Among them, X0 represents the vector composed of the ground spatial resolution, imaging area width, modulation transfer function, on-orbit imaging dynamic range, on-orbit imaging signal-to-noise ratio, imaging positioning accuracy, and on-orbit temperature resolution parameter indicators required by the user's technical requirements.

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