Three-dimensional geological information management method based on GIS and voxels

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of low data management efficiency in the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional geological information management method based on a GIS (Geographic Information System) and voxels. The method comprises the following steps: collecting geological exploration data; s2, establishing a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model by using the geological exploration data collected in the step S1; s2, establishing a GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model by utilizing the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in the step S2; s3, establishing a CityGML model of geological information by utilizing the GIS geological boundary and the three-dimensional voxel information model established in the step S3; and S4, according to the CityGML model of the geological information established in the step S4, developing a visual interface. According to the three-dimensional geological information management method based on the GIS and the voxel, the management efficiency and the flow efficiency of the geological information can be improved from a three-dimensional level, and three-dimensional visualization can be directly carried out on the geological information from several levels of the voxel, the size and the attribute.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of geological information and computers, and in particular to a three-dimensional geological information management method based on GIS and voxels. Background Art

[0002] Geological information is the basis of geological research and contains rich and in-depth scene information. The current representation methods of geological information in my country are single and lack rich geological volume information and feature information, which makes the modeling, updating and exchange of geological information face great challenges.

[0003] The existing geographic information system (GIS) is an information system that can represent, store and analyze geological data from various dimensions. However, the data management efficiency is low when it is based solely on the GIS method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a three-dimensional geological information management method based on GIS and voxels to solve the problem of low data management efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Collect geological exploration data.

[0008] Step S2: Using the geological exploration data collected in step S1, a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model is established.

[0009] Step S3: Using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, a GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model is established.

[0010] Step S4: Using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3, a CityGML model of geological information is established.

[0011] Step S5: Develop a visualization interface based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4.

[0012] Furthermore, the geological exploration data collected in step S1 include: drilling depth, geological body height, known height of geological body, foundation surface , bottom layer depth.

[0013] Furthermore, when the step S2 uses the geological exploration data collected in the step S1 to establish a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0014] Step S21: First, the geological information is divided into geological body, bottom layer and borehole. Then, the geological exploration data collected in step S1 is divided into geological body data, bottom layer height data and borehole data, and the geological type and depth are represented by drilling different hole sections. The borehole coordinates are ,in Indicates the number of holes drilled. The bottom layer height is The drilling depth is , which is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1, the borehole depth is converted into the depth coordinate in the three-dimensional coordinate point by the following formula, and a preliminary three-dimensional geological model is established, which is expressed as:

[0015] .

[0016] in, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinate in the axis direction, that is, the depth coordinate.

[0017] Step S22: Perform linear interpolation calculation on the borehole data in the preliminary three-dimensional geological model established in step S21, and insert the interpolation into the borehole data to establish the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, which is expressed as:

[0018] .

[0019] in, Indicates at point The estimated geological body height is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0020] is the mean of the known heights of the geological body.

[0021] is the interpolation weight, i.e. Drilling points point of influence.

[0022] Indicates The height of a geological body is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S3, when establishing a GIS geological boundary and a three-dimensional voxel information model using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0024] Step S31: Grids in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 To define, to define , , ,in, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, Indicates that the grid is The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction. Then, the interpolation grid is generated according to the following formula:

[0025] .

[0026] in, Represents a grid point The height of Represents an interpolation function, used to calculate a specific After the interpolation grid is generated, the interpolation grid is compared with the grid in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model. along axis, axis, The axes are arranged alternately to generate a three-dimensional grid.

[0027] Step S32: In combination with the geological body data collected in step S21, the geological body boundary is set as , establish a three-dimensional point set of geological body :

[0028]

[0029] in, Represents geological point Within the boundaries of the geological body, Indicates the height of the geological body.

[0030] Step S33: Integrate the bottom layer height data collected in step S21 into the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 to define the bottom layer base surface , expressed as:

[0031] .

[0032] in, For at point The bottom layer height, For at point The bottom layer depth is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1. It is obtained from the step S1 in collecting geological exploration data.

[0033] Step S34: Based on the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S23, ensure that a GIS geological boundary is generated above the bottom layer of the geological body, expressed as:

[0034] .

[0035] In the above formula, represents the generated GIS geological boundary, Indicates that the geological body is above the bottom layer.

[0036] Step S35: Combine the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32 , the step S33 , and the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , converting geological information into voxel models.

[0037] Step S36: Establish a three-dimensional voxel grid set according to the voxel model in step S35, expressed as:

[0038] .

[0039] in, is a collection of 3D voxel grids, The index of the voxel in the three-dimensional grid generated in step S31, is a single 3D voxel grid.

[0040] Step S37: implant the voxel model in step S35 into the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36. The implantation process is to first calculate the diagonal vector of the three-dimensional voxel grid set, and then place the central voxel of the voxel model at the center of the diagonal vector to establish the three-dimensional voxel information model.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S4, when establishing the CityGML model of geological information using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0042] Step S41: adding the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 to the IFC structure, and then exporting the IFC model.

[0043] Step S42: A new set of types is added from the abstract types in the IFC model derived in step S41, and the added set of types is used to define elements related to geological information, and the elements related to geological information are classified according to their corresponding geological body types. The abstract type is a set in the IFC model, and the set in the IFC model includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21 of the IFC geological body object, including geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes.

[0044] Step S43: Based on the UML model, an abstract class is added to the CityGML model to represent geological related information, represent all geological features, and establish a CityGML model of geological information. The geological related information is the result of the corresponding geological body type classification described in step S42.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S5, when developing an application using software based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0046] Step S51: extracting the relevant data of the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model derived in step S41. Specifically, let the entity set in the IFC model be , wherein the entity in the IFC model is the IFC geological body object in step S42.

[0047] The subset of entities related to geological information includes appearance attributes and feature attributes , expressed as:

[0048] .

[0049] Each entity A collection of related geological information entities belonging to a certain geological body type Defined as:

[0050]

[0051] .

[0052] Each entity The set of properties it has is , attribute value set For each attribute Values:

[0053] .

[0054] .

[0055] in, Represents the attributes in the IFC model data segment.

[0056] Step S52: converting the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model to CityGML.

[0057] Step S53: Map the local coordinate system in the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model to the global coordinate system of the entire GIS. , map it to the global coordinate system of GIS, the mapped point is , the specific conversion method is expressed as:

[0058] .

[0059] in, is the scaling matrix, is the rotation matrix, is the translation vector.

[0060] Step S54: First, the process of step S51 to step S53 is integrated into software, and then a visualization interface is developed to visualize the result of the software integration, and finally a visualization model is obtained.

[0061] Furthermore, the step S35 combines the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32 , the bottom layer height in step S33 , the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , when converting geological information into a voxel model, the following steps are performed:

[0062] First, the geological attributes such as the geological body data, bottom layer height data, and drilling data described in step S21 are extracted from the database of geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0063] Then, the corresponding geological body is found in the IFC model database according to the geological attributes. After the geological body is found, the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36 is Generate a bounding box for the geological volume.

[0064] Finally, the geometric characteristics of the geological information in step S21 are extracted, and the geometric characteristics include: the bottom layer height GIS geological boundaries in geological volume data The geometric characteristics also include the voxel center position, and the voxel center position is moved to the generated boundary box of the geological body to complete the voxel model conversion.

[0065] Furthermore, in step S41, the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 is added to the IFC structure, and then when the IFC model is exported, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0066] Step S411: First, the IFC structure is initialized. Then, a new IFC geological body object in step S42 is added to the initialized IFC structure, and the new IFC geological body object includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21: geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes.

[0067] Step S412: define an enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411, wherein the enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411 is the IFC geological body number added in step S411, and the IFC model of the IFC geological body object can be obtained through the number, and then the IFC model is exported.

[0068] Furthermore, in step S43, when establishing the CityGML model of geological information, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0069] Step S431: First, the IFC geometry in the IFC model exported in step S41 is converted into a CityGML geometry, and then the CityGML geometry is subjected to coordinate transformation to generate a CityGML geometry without feature attributes.

[0070] Step S432: First, an IFC model is generated through IFC text data. Then, the semantic information in the IFC model is used as characteristic attributes, and the characteristic attributes are imported into the CityGML geometric body without characteristic attributes in step S431 to establish a CityGML geometric model. The characteristic attributes include elements, properties, and integrated relationships.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0072] The present invention uses the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model to establish a GIS geological boundary and a three-dimensional voxel information model, and uses the GIS geological boundary and the three-dimensional voxel information model to establish a CityGML model of geological information, which can improve the management efficiency and flow efficiency of geological information from a three-dimensional level.

[0073] The present invention develops a visualization interface based on the CityGML model of geological information, and can directly perform three-dimensional visualization of geological information from the levels of voxel, size and attribute. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0075] Figure 1 This is the overall flow chart of the 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels.

[0076] Figure 2 It is a preliminary three-dimensional geological model.

[0077] Figure 3 Different geological types are identified by different drilling depths.

[0078] Figure 4 is the distribution of drill holes in the geological model.

[0079] Figure 5 The numbers 1234 represent different pairs of geological sections in the geological model.

[0080] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the geological model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The present invention provides a three-dimensional geological information management method based on GIS and voxels to solve the problem of low data management efficiency in the prior art.

[0082] The following disclosure provides disclosed embodiments to simplify the present invention, which are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0083] The embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels. The overall flow chart is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the steps include:

[0085] Step S1: Collect geological exploration data.

[0086] Step S2: Using the geological exploration data collected in step S1, a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model is established.

[0087] Step S3: Using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, a GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model is established.

[0088] Step S4: Using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3, a CityGML model of geological information is established.

[0089] Step S5: Develop a visualization interface based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4.

[0090] Furthermore, the geological exploration data collected in step S1 include: drilling depth, geological body height, known height of geological body, foundation surface , bottom layer depth.

[0091] Furthermore, when the step S2 uses the geological exploration data collected in the step S1 to establish a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0092] Step S21: First, the geological information is divided into geological body, bottom layer and borehole. Then, the geological exploration data collected in step S1 is divided into geological body data, bottom layer height data and borehole data, and the geological type and depth are represented by drilling different hole sections. The borehole coordinates are ,in Indicates the number of holes drilled. The bottom layer height is The drilling depth is , which is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1, the borehole depth is converted into the depth coordinate in the three-dimensional coordinate point by the following formula to establish a preliminary three-dimensional geological model (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 2 ), expressed as:

[0093] .

[0094] in, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinate in the axis direction, that is, the depth coordinate.

[0095] Step S22: Perform linear interpolation calculation on the borehole data in the preliminary three-dimensional geological model established in step S21, and insert the interpolation into the borehole data to establish the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, which is expressed as:

[0096] .

[0097] in, Indicates at point The estimated geological body height is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0098] is the mean of the known heights of the geological body.

[0099] is the interpolation weight, i.e. Drilling points point of influence.

[0100] Indicates The height of a geological body is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0101] The benefits of sampling linear interpolation calculation include filling data gaps: in geological drilling data, due to factors such as borehole spacing limitations and cost, the data between boreholes and in the depth direction of the boreholes are often discontinuous. Through linear interpolation, reasonable geological attribute values ​​can be estimated in these data blank areas, making the data more complete in spatial distribution. In addition, sampling linear interpolation calculation can refine the description of the stratum: in the vertical direction, the borehole data may only be recorded at certain specific depths. Linear interpolation can insert more data points between the existing depth data, thereby more carefully depicting the changes in the stratum.

[0102] Furthermore, in step S3, when establishing a GIS geological boundary and a three-dimensional voxel information model using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0103] Step S31: Grids in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 (The grid can be considered as a cube) to define , , ,in, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, Indicates that the grid is The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction. Then, the interpolation grid is generated according to the following formula:

[0104] .

[0105] in, Represents a grid point The height of Represents an interpolation function, used to calculate a specific After the interpolation grid is generated, the interpolation grid is compared with the grid in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model. along axis, axis, The axes are arranged alternately to generate a three-dimensional grid.

[0106] Step S32: In combination with the geological body data collected in step S21, the geological body boundary is set as , establish a three-dimensional point set of geological body :

[0107]

[0108] in, Represents geological point Within the boundaries of the geological body, Indicates the height of the geological body. The three-dimensional point of the geological body is the geological point. It represents a collection of geological points, and this collection represents a geological body.

[0109] Step S33: Integrate the bottom layer height data collected in step S21 into the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 to define the bottom layer base surface , expressed as:

[0110] .

[0111] in, For at point The bottom layer height, For at point The bottom layer depth is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1. The basic surface is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1. It is the bottom layer of a model, for example, the surface of a cuboid that contacts the ground is the base surface.

[0112] Step S34: Based on the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S23, ensure that a GIS geological boundary is generated above the bottom layer of the geological body, expressed as:

[0113] .

[0114] In the above formula, represents the generated GIS geological boundary, Indicates that the geological body is above the bottom layer.

[0115] Step S35: Combine the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32 , the step S33 , and the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , converting geological information into voxel models.

[0116] Step S36: Establish a three-dimensional voxel grid set according to the voxel model in step S35, expressed as:

[0117] .

[0118] in, is a collection of 3D voxel grids, The index of the voxel in the three-dimensional grid generated in step S31, is a single 3D voxel grid.

[0119] Step S37: implant the voxel model in step S35 into the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36. The implantation process is to first calculate the diagonal vector of the three-dimensional voxel grid set, and then place the central voxel of the voxel model at the center of the diagonal vector to establish the three-dimensional voxel information model.

[0120] Furthermore, in step S4, when establishing the CityGML model of geological information using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0121] Step S41: adding the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 to the IFC structure, and then exporting the IFC model.

[0122] Step S42: A new set of types is added from the abstract types in the IFC model derived in step S41, and the added set of types is used to define elements related to geological information, and the elements related to geological information are classified according to their corresponding geological body types. The abstract type is a set in the IFC model, and the set in the IFC model includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21 of the IFC geological body object, including geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes.

[0123] Step S43: Based on the UML model, add an abstract class in the CityGML model to represent geological related information, represent all geological features, and establish a CityGML model of geological information. The geological related information is the result of the corresponding geological body type classification described in step S42. The geological features include geological body types, which is equivalent to geological body types being a type of geological features. The top layer of the CityGML model is the geological body, and different geological types are defined in each geological body to represent multiple geological layers. The geological type refers to which category the geology itself belongs to, such as rock and soil layers, sedimentary rocks, etc.

[0124] Furthermore, in step S5, when developing an application using software based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0125] Step S51: extracting the relevant data of the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model derived in step S41. Specifically, let the entity set in the IFC model be , wherein the entity in the IFC model is the IFC geological body object in step S42.

[0126] The subset of entities related to geological information includes appearance attributes and feature attributes , expressed as:

[0127] .

[0128] Each entity A collection of related geological information entities belonging to a certain geological body type Defined as:

[0129]

[0130] .

[0131] Each entity The set of properties it has is , attribute value set For each attribute Values:

[0132] .

[0133] .

[0134] in, Represents the attributes in the IFC model data segment.

[0135] Step S52: converting the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model to CityGML.

[0136] Step S53: Map the local coordinate system in the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model to the global coordinate system of the entire GIS. , map it to the global coordinate system of GIS, the mapped point is , the specific conversion method is expressed as:

[0137] .

[0138] in, is the scaling matrix, is the rotation matrix, is the translation vector.

[0139] Step S54: First, the process of step S51 to step S53 is integrated into software, and then a visualization interface is developed to visualize the results of the software integration, and finally a visualization model is obtained.

[0140] The application can display the visualization results of the 3D geological information model. Figure 3 Different geological types are identified by different drilling depths. Figure 4 The distribution of the boreholes in the geological model is shown in the figure below. Figure 5 The numbers 1234 in the figure are different pairs of geological sections in the geological model. Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the geological model.

[0141] Furthermore, the step S35 combines the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32 , the bottom layer height in step S33 , the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , when converting geological information into a voxel model, the following steps are performed:

[0142] First, the geological attributes such as the geological body data, bottom layer height data, and drilling data described in step S21 are extracted from the database of geological exploration data collected in step S1.

[0143] Then, the corresponding geological body is found in the IFC model database according to the geological attributes. After the geological body is found, the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36 is Generate a bounding box for the geological volume.

[0144] Finally, the geometric characteristics of the geological information in step S21 are extracted, and the geometric characteristics include: the bottom layer height GIS geological boundaries in geological volume data The geometric characteristics also include the voxel center position, and the voxel center position is moved to the generated boundary box of the geological body to complete the voxel model conversion.

[0145] Furthermore, in step S41, the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 is added to the IFC structure, and then when the IFC model is exported, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0146] Step S411: First, the IFC structure is initialized. Then, a new IFC geological body object in step S42 is added to the initialized IFC structure, and the new IFC geological body object includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21: geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes.

[0147] Step S412: define an enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411, wherein the enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411 is the IFC geological body number added in step S411, and the IFC model of the IFC geological body object can be obtained through the number, and then the IFC model is exported.

[0148] Furthermore, in step S43, when establishing the CityGML model of geological information, the following steps are specifically performed:

[0149] Step S431: First, the IFC geometry in the IFC model exported in step S41 is converted into a CityGML geometry, and then the CityGML geometry is subjected to coordinate transformation to generate a CityGML geometry without feature attributes.

[0150] Step S432: First, an IFC model is generated through IFC text data. Then, the semantic information in the IFC model is used as characteristic attributes, and the characteristic attributes are imported into the CityGML geometric body without characteristic attributes in step S431 to establish a CityGML geometric model. The characteristic attributes include elements, properties, and integrated relationships.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional geological information management method based on GIS and voxels, characterized in that: Includes steps: Step S1: Collect geological exploration data; Step S2: using the geological exploration data collected in step S1, establishing a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model; Step S3: using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, establish a GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model; Step S4: using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 to establish a CityGML model of geological information; Step S5: Develop a visualization interface based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4.

2. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geological exploration data collected in step S1 include: drilling depth, geological body height, known height of geological body, foundation surface , bottom layer depth.

3. The GIS and voxel-based three-dimensional geological information management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the step S2 uses the geological exploration data collected in the step S1 to establish a GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, the following steps are specifically performed: Step S21: First, the geological information is divided into geological body, bottom layer and borehole; then, the geological exploration data collected in step S1 is divided into geological body data, bottom layer height data and borehole data, and the geological type and depth are represented by drilling different hole sections. The borehole coordinates are ,in Indicates the number of holes drilled; the bottom layer height is ; Drilling depth is , which is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1, the borehole depth is converted into the depth coordinate in the three-dimensional coordinate point by the following formula, and a preliminary three-dimensional geological model is established, which is expressed as: ； in, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinates of the axis direction, For the Holes in The coordinate in the axial direction, i.e. the depth coordinate; Step S22: Perform linear interpolation calculation on the borehole data in the preliminary three-dimensional geological model established in step S21, and insert the interpolation into the borehole data to establish the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model, which is expressed as: ； in, Indicates at point The estimated height of the geological body is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1; is the mean of the known heights of the geological bodies; is the interpolation weight, i.e. Drilling points The impact of points; Indicates The height of a geological body is obtained from the step S1 when collecting geological exploration data.

4. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, when establishing a GIS geological boundary and a three-dimensional voxel information model using the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2, the following steps are specifically performed: Step S31: Grids in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 To define, to define , , ,in, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, For the grid The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction, Indicates that the grid is The minimum and maximum values ​​in the axis direction; then, the interpolation grid is generated according to the following formula: ； in, Represents a grid point The height of Represents an interpolation function, used to calculate a specific The height of the grid; after generating the interpolation grid, the interpolation grid is connected with the grid in the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model along axis, axis, The axial directions are arranged alternately to generate a three-dimensional grid; Step S32: In combination with the geological body data collected in step S21, the geological body boundary is set as , establish a three-dimensional point set of geological body : in, Indicates geological point Within the boundaries of the geological body, Indicates the height of the geological body; Step S33: Integrate the bottom layer height data collected in step S21 into the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S2 to define the bottom layer base surface , expressed as: ； in, For at point The bottom layer height, For at point The bottom depth is obtained from the geological exploration data collected in step S1; the base surface It is obtained from the step S1 in collecting geological exploration data. Step S34: Based on the GIS three-dimensional geological data information model established in step S23, ensure that a GIS geological boundary is generated above the bottom layer of the geological body, expressed as: ； In the above formula, represents the generated GIS geological boundary, It means that the geological body is above the bottom layer; Step S35: Combine the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32 , the step S33 , and the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , converting geological information into voxel models; Step S36: Establish a three-dimensional voxel grid set according to the voxel model in step S35, expressed as: ； in, is a collection of 3D voxel grids, the index of the voxel in the three-dimensional grid generated in step S31, is a single three-dimensional voxel grid; Step S37: implant the voxel model of step S35 into the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36; the implantation process is to first calculate the diagonal vector of the three-dimensional voxel grid set, and then place the central voxel of the voxel model at the center of the diagonal vector to establish the three-dimensional voxel information model.

5. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, when establishing a CityGML model of geological information using the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3, the following steps are specifically performed: Step S41: adding the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 to the IFC structure, and then exporting the IFC model; Step S42: adding a new group of types from the abstract types in the IFC model derived in step S41, wherein the added group of types is used to define elements related to geological information, and classify the elements related to geological information according to their corresponding geological body types; the abstract type is a set in the IFC model, and the set in the IFC model includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21 of the IFC geological body object, including geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes; Step S43: Based on the UML model, an abstract class is added to the CityGML model to represent geological related information, represent all geological features, and establish a CityGML model of geological information; The geological related information is the result of the corresponding geological body type classification in step S42.

6. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S5, based on the CityGML model of geological information established in step S4, when developing an application using software, specifically performs the following steps: Step S51: extracting the relevant data of the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model derived in step S41; specifically, assuming that the entity set in the IFC model is , wherein the entity in the IFC model is the IFC geological body object in step S42; The subset of entities related to geological information includes appearance attributes and feature attributes , expressed as: ； Each entity A collection of related geological information entities belonging to a certain geological body type Defined as: ； Each entity The set of properties it has is , attribute value set For each attribute Values: ； ； in, Represents the attributes in the IFC model The data segment; Step S52: converting the geological information in step S21 from the IFC model to CityGML; Step S53: Map the local coordinate system in the GIS geological boundary and three-dimensional voxel information model to the global coordinate system of the entire GIS; there is a point in the local coordinate system of the current geological model , map it to the global coordinate system of GIS, the mapped point is , the specific conversion method is expressed as: ； in, is the scaling matrix, is the rotation matrix, is the translation vector; Step S54: First, the process of step S51 to step S53 is integrated into software, and then a visualization interface is developed to visualize the result of the software integration, and finally a visualization model is obtained.

7. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S35 is combined with the three-dimensional point set of the geological body established in step S32. , the bottom layer height in step S33 , the GIS geological boundary generated in step S34 , when converting geological information into a voxel model, the following steps are performed: First, the geological attributes such as geological body data, bottom layer height data, and drilling data described in step S21 are extracted from the database of geological exploration data collected in step S1; Then, according to the geological attributes, the corresponding geological body is found in the IFC model database; after the geological body is found, the three-dimensional voxel grid set established in step S36 is Generate bounding boxes of geological volumes; Then, the geometric characteristics of the geological information in step S21 are extracted, and the geometric characteristics include: the bottom layer height GIS geological boundaries in geological volume data The geometric characteristics also include the voxel center position, and the voxel center position is moved to the generated boundary box of the geological body to complete the voxel model conversion.

8. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S41, the three-dimensional voxel information model established in step S3 is added to the IFC structure, and then when the IFC model is exported, the following steps are specifically performed: Step S411: first, initialize the IFC structure; then, add a new IFC geological body object in step S42 to the initialized IFC structure, and the newly added IFC geological body object includes all the attributes of the geological body in step S21: geological body attributes, bottom layer attributes, and borehole attributes; Step S412: define an enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411, wherein the enumeration of the IFC geological body object added in step S411 is the IFC geological body number added in step S411, and the IFC model of the IFC geological body object can be obtained through the number, and then the IFC model is exported.

9. A 3D geological information management method based on GIS and voxels according to claim 8, characterized in that: When establishing the CityGML model of geological information, step S43 specifically performs the following steps: Step S431: first, convert the IFC geometry in the IFC model exported in step S41 into a CityGML geometry; then perform coordinate transformation on the CityGML geometry to generate a CityGML geometry without feature attributes inside; Step S432: First, an IFC model is generated through IFC text data; then, the semantic information in the IFC model is used as characteristic attributes, and the characteristic attributes are imported into the CityGML geometric body that has no characteristic attributes in step S431 to establish a CityGML geometric model; wherein the characteristic attributes include elements, properties, and integration relationships.

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