Wetland carbon sequestration and sink increase prediction system and method based on enhanced regression tree

Abstract

The invention relates to a wetland carbon sequestration and sink increase prediction system and method based on an enhanced regression tree, and belongs to the technical field of wetland ecological environment analysis. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink increase prediction system comprises a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a model training module and a carbon reserve prediction module. Remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data related to a to-be-detected wetland sample data set are collected through a data acquisition module, the data are processed through a data preprocessing module, a data set is formed, and a model training module trains an enhanced regression tree model based on the sample data set. And forming a carbon reserve prediction model of the to-be-detected wetland, predicting the future carbon reserve of the to-be-detected wetland through a carbon reserve prediction module, and judging the carbon sequestration and sink increase effect of the to-be-detected wetland according to the prediction result of the carbon reserve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wetland ecological environment analysis, and specifically relates to a wetland carbon fixation and sink prediction system and method based on enhanced regression tree. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important ecosystems on Earth, wetlands have a significant role in carbon sequestration and carbon sink enhancement. Wetlands can absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through processes such as plant photosynthesis and soil organic matter accumulation, thus playing an important role in mitigating global climate change. Existing ecological and environmental analysis systems or methods are mainly based on multi-source information such as remote sensing data, meteorological data, and terrain data. They estimate the carbon sequestration of wetlands through algorithm models such as linear regression, enhanced regression trees, and convolutional neural networks. These systems or methods provide a quantitative assessment of the carbon sequestration and carbon sink enhancement effects of wetlands to a certain extent, and provide data support for ecological protection and carbon management.

[0003] However, the existing ecological environment analysis system still needs to be improved in wetland carbon sequestration and sink analysis. On the one hand, the ecological environment analysis system is usually used to estimate the carbon storage in the current environment, so as to understand the previous carbon sequestration and sink situation, but it is difficult to predict and analyze the future carbon sequestration and sink. On the other hand, for the wetland ecological environment, soil hydrological characteristics are its key influencing factors, and the existing system lacks sample data in this part, such as the lack of key soil hydrological characteristics data such as soil permeability and soil water capacity, and the above data collection is relatively difficult, which hinders the improvement of the accuracy and convenience of carbon sequestration and sink analysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system and method based on enhanced regression tree in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The data acquisition module is used to collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil property data, soil hydrological characteristics data and population data of the wetland to be tested, as well as wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data;

[0007] A data preprocessing module, used for preprocessing the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data to form a sample data set;

[0008] A model training module is used to train a pre-built enhanced regression tree model using the sample data set, wetland spatial distribution data, and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested;

[0009] A carbon storage prediction module, used for inputting the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested;

[0010] Wherein, the data acquisition module includes:

[0011] A GIS database, used to store the remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil property data, soil hydrological property data and population data;

[0012] The soil hydrological characteristic testing device is used to collect soil hydrological characteristic data and input the soil hydrological characteristic data into a GIS database. The soil hydrological characteristic data includes water holding capacity and permeability.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the soil hydrological property testing device includes a soil sampler and a permeability testing mechanism for measuring the permeability of a soil sample in the soil sampler, and a displacement mechanism for hanging the soil sampler into the permeability testing mechanism, the permeability testing mechanism is connected to a water supply mechanism, and a weighing mechanism is provided below the permeability testing mechanism;

[0014] The permeability testing mechanism includes a U-shaped tube, and a measuring tube and a water inlet bucket respectively connected to the two ends of the U-shaped tube. The lower end of the measuring tube is connected to the water supply mechanism, and the water inlet bucket is arranged above the weighing mechanism. The weighing mechanism is used to detect the weight change of the soil sample after the U-shaped tube drains water outwards, so as to measure the water holding capacity of the soil sample.

[0015] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a heater for drying soil samples is provided on the outside of the water inlet barrel.

[0016] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a three-way valve is provided on the U-shaped tube, and a three-way joint is provided between the U-shaped tube and the measuring tube, and the water outlet of the water supply mechanism is connected to the three-way joint.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the soil sampler includes a ring cutter and an overflow tube fixed on the top of the ring cutter, and a filter layer 1 is provided on the upper part of the ring cutter; a support ring is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the water inlet bucket, and a filter layer 2 is provided on the inner side of the support ring.

[0018] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a drain outlet is provided on the side wall of the ring knife, and a notch corresponding to the drain outlet is provided on the filter layer one, a water retaining assembly is slidably provided on the inner side of the overflow cylinder, and the lower end of the water retaining assembly is embedded in the notch of the filter layer one; a drain outlet connected to the drain outlet is provided on the side wall of the water inlet bucket.

[0019] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, an overflow pipe is provided on the top of the overflow cylinder, a drainage ring is obliquely provided on the outside of the water inlet bucket, and a hydrophobic layer is provided on the surface of the water inlet bucket and the drainage ring.

[0020] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a cleaning mechanism connected to a water supply mechanism is provided on one side of the permeability testing mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the outer wall of the ring knife.

[0021] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes a limiting ring, a liquid distribution pipe rotatably arranged on the inner side of the limiting ring, a plurality of nozzles annularly distributed on the inner side of the liquid distribution pipe, and a rotating driving member for driving the liquid distribution pipe to rotate, and the liquid distribution pipe is connected to the water supply mechanism.

[0022] The method for predicting wetland carbon sequestration using a wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data of the wetland to be tested, as well as wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data, wherein the soil hydrological characteristic data includes water holding capacity and permeability;

[0024] Step 2: preprocessing the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil property data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data to form a sample data set;

[0025] Step 3: training the pre-constructed enhanced regression tree model using the sample data set, wetland spatial distribution data, and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested;

[0026] Step 4: Input the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1) The present invention collects remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data involved in the wetland sample data set to be tested through a data acquisition module, and the model training module trains an enhanced regression tree model based on the sample data set to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested. The carbon storage prediction module predicts the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested based on the carbon storage prediction model and the sample data set, and judges the carbon sequestration and sink effect of the wetland to be tested based on the prediction result of the carbon storage, so as to provide a reference for ecological protection and climate change response strategies;

[0029] 2) The present invention measures the permeability and water holding capacity of wetland soil through a soil hydrological property testing device, incorporates soil hydrological property data into the construction process of the enhanced regression tree model, and improves the accuracy of wetland carbon sequestration capacity analysis and prediction. The device can continuously and in situ measure the permeability and water holding capacity of soil samples, reducing the difficulty of obtaining soil hydrological properties in the carbon sequestration prediction system;

[0030] 3) When the soil sampler of the present invention is connected to the permeability testing mechanism, it can play the role of accommodating and positioning soil samples during the test, as well as the overflow function of the permeability test, and there is no need to transfer and transport the soil samples for the second time, thereby improving the convenience of the test, avoiding the influence of the soil composition and weight during the transfer and transportation of the soil, and improving the test accuracy;

[0031] 4) After the permeability test is completed, the excess water in the soil sampler and the permeability test mechanism is discharged in two ways, so that the soil water capacity test can be carried out quickly. In addition, during the soil water capacity test, there is no need to replace the soil sample or add water to the soil sample again, thereby improving the convenience of data acquisition of the prediction system;

[0032] 5) After taking soil, the water supply mechanism of the present invention is reused as the water source of the cleaning mechanism. When the soil taker is placed into the permeability testing mechanism, the cleaning mechanism cleans the soil on the outer wall around the ring knife, making the soil taking work more convenient and saving the manpower required for the permeability test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soil hydrological characteristics testing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the soil hydrological characteristic testing device of the present invention when taking soil;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water supply mechanism and the water seepage testing mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soil taking device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0042] In the figure: 1. soil sampler; 2. permeability test mechanism; 3. shifting mechanism; 4. water supply mechanism; 5. weighing mechanism; 6. heater; 7. cleaning mechanism; 8. walking mechanism; 11. ring knife; 12. overflow cylinder; 13. filter layer one; 14. drain outlet; 15. overflow pipe; 16. adjustment hole; 17. water baffle; 18. adjustment handle; 21. U-shaped pipe; 22. measuring pipe; 23. water inlet bucket; 24. three-way valve; 25. three-way joint; 26. support ring; 27. filter layer two; 28. drain outlet; 29. ​​drain ring; 31. horizontal drive member; 32. vertical drive 1. Parts; 33. Pressure plate; 34. Hanger; 35. Pressure block; 36. Support frame; 41. Water storage tank; 42. Water pump; 43. Four-way valve; 51. Load sensor; 52. Bracket; 71. Limit ring; 72. Liquid distribution pipe; 73. Sprinkler; 74. Rotary drive member; 75. Assembly ring; 76. Limit block; 77. Roller; 78. Ball; 79. Support table; 741. Motor; 742. Rotating rod; 743. Connecting rod; 744. Rocker; 745. Mounting frame; 81. Traveling trolley; 82. Forearm; 83. Support wheel; T1. Water collecting tank one; T2. Water collecting tank two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment relates to a wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system based on an enhanced regression tree, and the wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a model training module and a carbon storage prediction module. The data acquisition module is used to collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil property data, soil hydrological property data and population data of the wetland to be tested, and the above data are used to build a carbon storage prediction model. The data preprocessing module is used to preprocess the above data to form a sample data set. The model training module trains a pre-constructed enhanced regression tree model based on the sample data set to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested. The carbon storage prediction module predicts the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested based on the carbon storage prediction model and the sample data set, and judges the carbon sequestration and sink effect of the wetland to be tested based on the prediction result of the carbon storage.

[0046] Among them, remote sensing data include normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), wetland vegetation index (WNDVI), normalized difference vegetation wetness index (NDMI) and improved soil vegetation index (SAVI); meteorological data include annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT); terrain data include elevation (DEM) and distance from water bodies (Distance); soil attribute data include reference soil carbon storage (SoilGrids) and soil salinity (Salinity); soil hydrological characteristic data include soil water capacity (FC) and soil permeability (K); population data include population size (Population). The distance from water bodies is the shortest distance between each spatial position of the wetland to be measured and the nearest water body. The specific methods for obtaining remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil attribute data and population data are well known in the art and will not be elaborated on. In this embodiment, the data acquisition module includes a GIS database and a soil hydrological characteristic testing device. The soil hydrological characteristic testing device can collect soil hydrological characteristic data and store the soil hydrological characteristic data in the GIS database, and the above-mentioned remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil attribute data and population data are all stored in the GIS database. The data acquisition module is also used to obtain wetland spatial distribution data from the National Earth System Science Data Center and obtain wetland soil organic carbon sample point data from the wetland soil organic carbon density sample database.

[0047] After the data is collected, the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil property data, soil hydrological data and population data are preprocessed through the data preprocessing module to form a sample data set. The preprocessing module calibrates, interpolates, denoises and other preprocessing of the above data through GIS software to form a sample data set required for building a carbon storage prediction model. After obtaining the sample data set, the model training module trains the pre-constructed enhanced regression tree model through the sample data set, wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample data to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested. The training of the enhanced regression tree model is a prior art and will not be described in detail. Afterwards, the carbon storage prediction module inputs the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested, thereby analyzing and evaluating the carbon sequestration and sink effects of the wetland to be tested.

[0048] In order to conveniently obtain soil permeability and water capacity data, this embodiment uses a soil collection device to collect soil, perform permeability tests, and perform water capacity tests on the wetland to be tested. Figure 2-5As shown, the soil hydrological characteristics testing device includes a soil sampler 1 for collecting wetland soil samples to be tested and a permeability testing mechanism 2 for measuring the permeability of the soil samples in the soil sampler 1, and a displacement mechanism 3 for hanging the soil sampler 1 into the permeability testing mechanism 2. The permeability testing mechanism 2 is connected to a water supply mechanism 4, and a weighing mechanism 5 is provided below the permeability testing mechanism 2.

[0049] The permeability test mechanism 2 includes a U-shaped tube 21, and a measuring tube 22 and a water inlet bucket 23 respectively connected to both ends of the U-shaped tube 21. A three-way valve 24 is provided on the U-shaped tube 21, and a three-way joint 25 is provided between the U-shaped tube 21 and the measuring tube 22. The lower end of the measuring tube 22 is connected to the water outlet of the water supply mechanism 4 through the three-way joint 25, and the end of the U-shaped tube 21 away from the water inlet bucket 23 is also connected to the water outlet of the water supply mechanism 4 through the three-way joint 25. The water inlet bucket 23 is fixedly arranged above the weighing mechanism 5, and the pipeline of the U-shaped tube 21 between the water inlet bucket 23 and the three-way valve 24 is a hose. The weighing mechanism 5 is used to detect the weight change of the soil sample after the U-shaped tube 21 drains water outward, so as to measure the water capacity of the soil sample. The weighing mechanism 5 is composed of a bracket 52 and a load sensor 51 fixedly arranged below the bracket 52, and the water inlet bucket 23 is fixedly arranged on the top of the bracket 52. A heater 6 for drying soil samples is disposed outside the water inlet barrel 23 , and the heater 6 has a built-in heating wire surrounding the water inlet barrel 23 .

[0050] The measurement of soil hydrological characteristic data includes permeability test and water holding capacity test. Before the above measurement, the operator first levels the ground of the wetland sampling point to be measured, and the shifting mechanism 3 moves the soil sampler 1 to above the wetland sampling point to be measured, and hangs the soil sampler 1 down to the sampling point. Then the shifting mechanism 3 presses the soil sampler 1 into the ground, so that the soil sample enters the soil sampler 1. After that, the operator digs out the soil outside the soil sampler 1, and separates the soil sample in the soil sampler 1 from the soil under the soil sampler 1 by a cutting rope or a cutting tool, completing the soil extraction work. After soil extraction, the shifting mechanism 3 then hangs the soil sampler 1 into the inner side of the water inlet bucket 23. Then, the measurement of soil hydrological characteristic data begins.

[0051] During the permeability test, the water supply mechanism 4 supplies water to the water inlet bucket 23 through the three-way joint 25 and the U-shaped tube 21. After the water in the water inlet bucket 23 enters the soil sampler 1, the water level gradually rises, and stops rising when the water level rises to the overflow port of the soil sampler 1. When the operator waits for the overflow port to overflow the water, the three-way valve 24 and the port corresponding to the three-way joint 25 are closed. The water supply mechanism 4 pumps a certain amount of water into the measuring tube 22 through the three-way joint 25 and then closes it. At this time, the water level in the measuring tube 22 is higher than the overflow port height of the soil sampler 1. Then, the three-way valve 24 and the two ports corresponding to the three-way joint 25 and the water inlet bucket 23 are connected, and the other ports are closed. Next, the permeability coefficient of the soil sample is calculated according to the time, head difference, soil sample and cross-sectional area and length during the decline of the water level in the measuring tube 22, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the measuring tube 22. The permeability coefficient is the permeability data of the soil sample. Then, the water capacity test is started. In addition, in some other embodiments, a liquid level meter may be provided on the measuring tube 22 to detect the change of the water level in the measuring tube 22 .

[0052] During the water capacity test, the three ports of the three-way valve 24 are opened, and the excess water in the soil sampler 1 can be discharged through the three-way valve 24. A water collecting tank 1 T1 and a water collecting tank 2 T2 are provided on one side of the soil sampler 1, and the water above the soil sample in the soil sampler 1 is introduced into the water collecting tank 1 T1. One port of the three-way valve 24 is connected to the water collecting tank 2 T2, and the water below the soil sample and the water in the U-shaped tube 21 and the measuring tube 22 are introduced into the water collecting tank 2 T2. After a period of time, the soil sample no longer seeps water into the three-way valve 24. After that, the weight change of the soil sample is detected by the load sensor 51 of the weighing mechanism 5, and the soil sample is dried by the heater 6. The water capacity of the soil sample is calculated according to the weight difference from the time when the soil sample no longer seeps water into the three-way valve 24 to the time when the soil sample is dried. In addition, in some other embodiments, when the soil sample no longer seeps water into the three-way valve 24, the humidity of the soil sample can be detected by the soil humidity sensor to measure the water capacity of the soil sample.

[0053] Specifically, see Figure 6 and Figure 7The soil extractor 1 includes a ring cutter 11 and an overflow tube 12 fixed on the top of the ring cutter 11. A filter layer 13 is provided on the top of the ring cutter 11. When the shift mechanism 3 drives the soil extractor 1 to extract soil, the soil extractor 1 is pressed down until the filter layer 13 touches the ground, and then the soil extractor 1 is stopped. In order to improve the control accuracy of the shift mechanism 3, a position sensor can be set at the output end of the shift mechanism 3. This control method is a conventional technical means and will not be described in detail. A support ring 26 is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the water inlet bucket 23, and a filter layer 27 is provided on the inner side of the support ring 26. A drain port 14 is provided on the side wall of the ring cutter 11, and a notch corresponding to the drain port 14 is provided on the filter layer 13. A water retaining assembly is slidably provided on the inner side of the overflow tube 12, and the lower end of the water retaining assembly is embedded in the notch of the filter layer 13. A drain port 28 connected to the drain port 14 is provided on the side wall of the water inlet bucket 23. An overflow pipe 15 is provided on the top of the overflow tube 12, the overflow port of the soil extractor 1 is arranged corresponding to the overflow pipe 15, a drainage ring 29 is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the water inlet bucket 23, and the surfaces of the water inlet bucket 23 and the drainage ring 29 are both provided with a hydrophobic layer.

[0054] During the process of the shifting mechanism 3 lifting the soil collector 1 into the water inlet bucket 23, when the overflow tube 12 overlaps the water inlet bucket 23, the output end of the shifting mechanism 3 stops moving down, at which time the ring knife 11 fits the inner wall of the water inlet bucket 23, and the bottom of the ring knife 11 abuts against the support ring 26 and the filter layer 2 27, and the drainage port 14 of the ring knife 11 intersects with the drainage port 28 of the water inlet bucket 23. During the permeability test, the soil samples are intercepted by the filter layer 1 13 and the filter layer 2 27 to prevent the soil samples from being lost with the flow of water. A step is provided at the top inner side of the ring knife 11, and the outer edge of the filter layer 1 13 is fixedly arranged on the step, and the notch of the filter layer 1 13 is located on the step, and the notch is arc-shaped.

[0055] At the beginning of the water capacity test, the gap of the filter layer 13 is connected to the drain port 14 by pulling up the water retaining assembly. The water above the soil sample enters the inner side of the drain ring 29 through the drain port 14 and the drain port 28, and flows downward along the drain ring 29 to the water collecting tank 1 T1. The water below the soil sample is discharged into the water collecting tank 2 T2 after passing through the U-shaped pipe 21 and the three-way valve 24. An adjustment hole 16 is provided through the side wall of the overflow cylinder 12. The water retaining assembly in this embodiment is composed of a water retaining plate 17 and an adjustment handle 18 fixed to the side wall of the water retaining plate 17. The adjustment handle 18 is embedded in the adjustment hole 16, and the adjustment handle 18 is spring-connected to the top of the adjustment hole 16. The height of the water retaining plate 17 can be changed by moving the adjustment handle 18 up and down to control the opening and closing state of the drain port 14 on the ring knife 11. When the drain port 14 is opened and closed, the water retaining plate 17 always closes the adjustment hole 16.

[0056] In addition, in some other embodiments, the filter layer 13 may not be provided with a gap, in which case the drain port 14 is higher than the filter layer 13, and the lower end of the water retaining assembly can close the drain port 14 during the permeability test. In other embodiments, the drain port 14 may not be provided on the ring cutter 11, and the drain port 28 and the drain ring 29 may be cancelled, and the excess water in the soil extractor 1 may be discharged only through the U-shaped tube 21, but the drainage efficiency is low.

[0057] For further information, see Figure 4 The soil hydrological characteristic testing device also includes a walking mechanism 8, and the permeability testing mechanism 2, the shifting mechanism 3, the water supply mechanism 4 and the weighing mechanism 5 are all arranged on the walking mechanism 8. The walking mechanism 8 is composed of a walking trolley 81, two forearms 82 arranged at the front of the walking trolley 81, and a supporting wheel 83 arranged at the bottom of the forearm 82. The shifting mechanism 3 includes a horizontal driving member 31, a vertical driving member 32 fixedly arranged at the output end of the horizontal driving member 31, a pressing plate 33 fixedly arranged at the output end of the vertical driving member 32, and a hanger 34 located below the pressing plate 33. The middle part of the pressing plate 33 protrudes downward to form a pressing block 35. The hanger 34 is connected to the pressing plate 33 through a plurality of ropes. The horizontal driving member 31 is fixedly arranged below the top wall of the support frame 36. The two sides of the bottom of the support frame 36 are fixedly connected to the walking trolley 81 and the forearm 82 respectively. The top of the vertical driving member 32 is slidably connected to the top wall of the support frame 36. The hanger 34 is composed of a top plate and a bottom plate, and a support rod arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate. A plurality of through holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the hanger 34 for discharging water vapor generated during the water capacity test.

[0058] The pressure plate 33 and the hanger 34 can be driven to move by the transverse driving member 31 and the vertical driving member 32, and the overflow tube 12 of the soil extractor 1 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hanger 34. The transverse driving member 31 and the vertical driving member 32 are preferably electric push rods. When the soil extractor 1 is pressed down, the pressing block 35 moves downward relative to the hanger 34, and presses down the overflow tube 12 of the soil extractor 1 through the hanger 34. At this time, the rope between the pressure plate 33 and the hanger 34 is in a relaxed state. It should be noted that when the soil extractor 1 is placed in the water inlet bucket 23, the rope is also in a relaxed state, but the pressing block 35 does not contact the hanger 34, so as to avoid the displacement mechanism 3 interfering with the measurement of the weighing mechanism 5. In addition, in some other embodiments, the transverse driving member 31 and the vertical driving member 32 can be replaced by other devices with telescopic capabilities.

[0059] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, a cleaning mechanism 7 connected to the water supply mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the permeability test mechanism 2, and the cleaning mechanism 7 is used to clean the outer wall of the ring knife 11. The cleaning mechanism 7 includes a limit ring 71, a liquid distribution pipe 72 rotatably arranged on the inner side of the limit ring 71, a plurality of nozzles 73 annularly distributed on the inner side of the liquid distribution pipe 72, and a rotating drive member 74 for driving the liquid distribution pipe 72 to rotate. The liquid distribution pipe 72 is connected to the water supply mechanism 4, and the nozzles 73 are arranged obliquely downward. A support platform 79 is fixed on the front arm 82 of the walking trolley 81, and the limit ring 71 is fixed on the top of the support platform 79. A through hole is provided on the top wall of the support platform 79 for the soil extractor 1 to pass through. The cleaning mechanism 7 also includes an assembly ring 75, and a plurality of limit blocks 76 fixed to the bottom of the assembly ring 75 and arranged in an annular shape, and a roller 77 provided at the bottom of the limit block 76, and a ball 78 is provided on the side of the limit block 76 away from the axis of the assembly ring 75. And a plurality of limit blocks 76 are fixedly arranged on the outside of the liquid distributing tube 72, and an annular groove corresponding to the ball 78 is arranged on the inner side of the limit ring 71. The above-mentioned roller 77 and ball 78 are used to reduce the friction resistance generated when the liquid distributing tube 72 rotates. The rotating driving member 74 is preferably a driving member that can drive the liquid distributing tube 72 to swing slightly. In this embodiment, the rotating driving member 74 includes a motor 741 fixedly arranged on the top of the traveling trolley 81, a rotating rod 742 fixedly arranged on the output end of the motor 741, a connecting rod 743 hinged to one end of the rotating rod 742, and a swing rod 744 hinged to one end of the connecting rod 743, and one end of the swing rod 744 is fixedly arranged between the liquid distributing tube 72 and the assembly ring 75. A mounting frame 745 is fixedly arranged on the top of the traveling trolley 81, and the motor 741 is fixed to the traveling trolley 81 through the mounting frame 745.

[0060] After the soil extractor 1 extracts soil, the soil on the side wall of the ring knife 11 needs to be cleaned. By setting a cleaning mechanism 7 on the walking mechanism 8, the soil adhering to the outside of the soil extractor 1 can be cleaned. The liquid distribution pipe 72 is connected to the water supply mechanism 4 through a hose. During the cleaning process, the vertical driving member 32 moves the soil extractor 1 up and down through the pressure plate 33, the rope and the hanger 34. The water supply mechanism 4 supplies water to the liquid distribution pipe 72 through the hose. The motor 741 drives the rotating rod 742 to rotate, and the rotating rod 742 drives the swing rod 744 to swing through the connecting rod 743, so that the liquid distribution pipe 72 and the nozzle 73 swing repeatedly, so that the water sprayed by the nozzle 73 cleans the soil outside the soil extractor 1. In addition, a roller is provided at the bottom of the hinge shaft between the connecting rod 743 and the rotating rod 742 and the swing rod 744. During the operation of the rotating driving member 74, the two rollers roll on the top of the mounting frame 745 and the support platform 79 respectively to provide support for the connecting rod 743.

[0061] In addition, the water supply mechanism 4 includes a water tank 41, a water pump 42 and a four-way valve 43, and the two ends of the water pump 42 are respectively connected to the water tank 41 and a port of the four-way valve 43. The water pump 42 is preferably a two-way pump, and specifically, the two-way pump is preferably a peristaltic pump. The four-way valve 43 has four ports, three of which are respectively connected to the water pump 42, the three-way joint 25 and the liquid distribution pipe 72, and the remaining port is used to replenish water in the water tank 41. It should be noted that the valve core of the four-way valve 43 has a straight waterway and an L-shaped waterway, so that the port of the four-way valve 43 connected to the water pump 42 can be connected to any other port of the four-way valve 43. When the water tank 41 is short of water and the turbidity of the water area around the wetland to be tested is low, the port of the four-way valve 43 used for replenishing water can be connected to the water area through a water replenishment pipe, and the water pump 42 runs in reverse to draw the water in the water area into the water tank 41.

[0062] The method for predicting wetland carbon sequestration using the wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data of the wetland to be tested, as well as wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample data through the data acquisition module, and store the above data in the GIS database, wherein the soil hydrological characteristic data includes water holding capacity and permeability;

[0064] Step 2: The preprocessing module performs preprocessing such as calibration, interpolation, and denoising on the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data, and population data through GIS software to form a sample data set required for building a carbon storage prediction model;

[0065] Step 3: training the enhanced regression tree model through the sample data set and the wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data stored in the GIS database to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested;

[0066] Step 4: Input the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested, so as to analyze and evaluate the carbon sequestration and sink effect of the wetland to be tested.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wetland carbon sequestration prediction system based on enhanced regression tree, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil property data, soil hydrological characteristics data and population data of the wetland to be tested, as well as wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data; A data preprocessing module, used for preprocessing the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data to form a sample data set; A model training module is used to train a pre-built enhanced regression tree model using the sample data set, wetland spatial distribution data, and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested; A carbon storage prediction module, used for inputting the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested; Wherein, the data acquisition module includes: A GIS database, used to store the remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil property data, soil hydrological property data and population data; The soil hydrological characteristic testing device is used to collect soil hydrological characteristic data and input the soil hydrological characteristic data into a GIS database. The soil hydrological characteristic data includes water holding capacity and permeability.

2. The wetland carbon sequestration prediction system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The soil hydrological property testing device comprises a soil sampler and a permeability testing mechanism for measuring the permeability of a soil sample in the soil sampler, and a displacement mechanism for hanging the soil sampler into the permeability testing mechanism, the permeability testing mechanism is connected to a water supply mechanism, and a weighing mechanism is provided below the permeability testing mechanism; The permeability testing mechanism includes a U-shaped tube, and a measuring tube and a water inlet bucket respectively connected to the two ends of the U-shaped tube. The lower end of the measuring tube is connected to the water supply mechanism, and the water inlet bucket is arranged above the weighing mechanism. The weighing mechanism is used to detect the weight change of the soil sample after the U-shaped tube drains water outwards, so as to measure the water holding capacity of the soil sample.

3. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 2 is characterized by: A heater for drying soil samples is arranged outside the water inlet barrel.

4. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A three-way valve is arranged on the U-shaped tube, and a three-way joint is arranged between the U-shaped tube and the measuring tube, and the water outlet of the water supply mechanism is connected with the three-way joint.

5. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil extractor includes a ring cutter and an overflow tube fixed on the top of the ring cutter, and a filter layer 1 is provided on the upper part of the ring cutter; a support ring is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the water inlet bucket, and a filter layer 2 is provided on the inner side of the support ring.

6. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A drain port is provided on the side wall of the ring knife, and a notch corresponding to the drain port is provided on the filter layer 1; a water retaining assembly is slidably provided on the inner side of the overflow cylinder, and the lower end of the water retaining assembly is embedded in the notch of the filter layer 1; a drain port connected to the drain port is provided on the side wall of the water inlet barrel.

7. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An overflow pipe is arranged on the top of the overflow cylinder, a drainage ring is arranged obliquely on the outer side of the water inlet bucket, and a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the surface of the water inlet bucket and the drainage ring.

8. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cleaning mechanism connected to the water supply mechanism is provided on one side of the permeability testing mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the outer wall of the ring knife.

9. The wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a limiting ring, a liquid distribution pipe rotatably arranged inside the limiting ring, a plurality of nozzles annularly distributed inside the liquid distribution pipe, and a rotating driving member for driving the liquid distribution pipe to rotate. The liquid distribution pipe is connected to a water supply mechanism.

10. A method for predicting wetland carbon sequestration using the wetland carbon sequestration and sink prediction system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect remote sensing data, meteorological data, topographic data, soil attribute data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data of the wetland to be tested, as well as wetland spatial distribution data and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data, wherein the soil hydrological characteristic data includes water holding capacity and permeability; Step 2: preprocessing the remote sensing data, meteorological data, terrain data, soil property data, soil hydrological characteristic data and population data to form a sample data set; Step 3: training the pre-constructed enhanced regression tree model using the sample data set, wetland spatial distribution data, and wetland soil organic carbon sample point data to form a carbon storage prediction model for the wetland to be tested; Step 4: Input the sample data set into the carbon storage prediction model to predict the future carbon storage of the wetland to be tested.

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