Simulation device and method for side slope rolling stone induced by rainfall

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation method for rainfall induced side slope rolling stones in the technical field of side slope prevention and control, which comprises the following steps of: determining a potential to-be-analyzed slope body, and establishing a two-dimensional numerical model of the slope body, the rolling stones and an actual rigid protection structure according to engineering geological survey; the method comprises the following steps: determining material physical and mechanical parameters of a slope body, rolling stones and an actual rigid protection structure according to engineering geological survey, and summarizing the maximum rainfall capacity and the most dangerous rainfall period possibly acting on the slope body according to meteorological data; and then simulating the critical slip limit state of the side slope with the rolling stone under the maximum rainfall or in the most dangerous rainfall period by adopting a strength reduction method based on continuous medium mechanics through a two-dimensional numerical model, and further calculating the safety coefficient of the side slope. And meanwhile, a corresponding simulation slope body, a rolling stone layer and a simulation rigid protection structure are established in the simulation device for comparison verification. The method is scientific and reasonable, the potential impact force and the impact range under the interaction of the landslide mass and the rolling stone group are obtained through two-dimensional numerical model simulation, and the simulation accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope prevention and control, and in particular relates to a device and method for simulating rainfall-induced slope stone rolling. Background Art

[0002] Rainfall-induced slope rockfall is a serious natural disaster, especially in mountainous and hilly areas, where it is more common due to complex terrain and frequent rainfall. In order to deeply study and predict the occurrence mechanism of this disaster, it is particularly important to develop a simulation device and method for rainfall-induced slope rockfall.

[0003] The simulation device for rainfall-induced slope rolling usually includes key parts such as a simulation box, a transparent observation box cover, a spraying assembly, a power assembly, and a water storage assembly. Among them, the simulation box is used to simulate the real slope environment, the spraying assembly is used to simulate the rainfall process, and the power assembly and the water storage assembly are used to provide the water flow and power required for rainfall. Through the synergistic effect of these components, the impact of rainfall on the slope, as well as the instability and rolling process of the slope under the action of rainfall can be simulated. In terms of simulation methods, a combination of numerical simulation and physical simulation is usually adopted. Numerical simulation can predict the deformation and instability process of the slope under the action of rainfall by establishing a mathematical model and using a computer for simulation calculation. Physical simulation makes a real slope model, uses a simulation device to simulate rainfall, and observes and records the deformation and rolling process of the slope. The two methods complement each other and can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced slope rolling. The current simulation devices and methods still have certain errors and uncertainties in simulating the rainfall process and the slope instability mechanism. It is difficult to use the same set of calculation theories to simultaneously analyze: the initiation process of rainfall-induced rockfill slope landslides; the mutual contact, collision and destruction process among the slope, rockfall and rigid protection structure; the safety factor of rockfall disasters; the effectiveness of support and the potential scope of disasters, etc.

[0004] In summary, how to improve the accuracy of simulation has become an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a simulation device and method for rainfall-induced slope rock rolling. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation device and method for rainfall-induced slope rock rolling, which improves the accuracy of simulation by obtaining the potential impact force and impact range under the interaction between the landslide body and the rock rolling group through a two-dimensional numerical model and a simulation device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a method for simulating rainfall-induced rockfall on a slope, determining a potential slope to be analyzed, establishing a two-dimensional numerical model of the slope, rockfall and an actual rigid protective structure based on an engineering geological survey, determining the material physical and mechanical parameters of the slope, rockfall and an actual rigid protective structure based on an engineering geological survey, summarizing the maximum rainfall and the most dangerous rainfall period that may act on the slope based on meteorological data, and then simulating the sliding limit state of the slope with rockfall under this maximum rainfall or in the most dangerous rainfall period through a two-dimensional numerical model based on continuous medium mechanics using the strength reduction method, and then calculating the safety factor of the slope, and at the same time establishing a corresponding simulated slope, rockfall layer and simulated rigid protective structure in a simulation device for comparative verification.

[0007] The following principles and beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the above scheme: Basic principle: Comprehensive application of engineering geology, continuum mechanics, numerical simulation technology and physical simulation experiments. First, based on engineering geological surveys, an accurate two-dimensional numerical model is established. The two-dimensional numerical model covers the geometric morphology and material physical and mechanical properties of the slope, rolling stones and actual rigid protective structures. In the simulation process, the strength reduction method is used, which is a numerical analysis method based on continuum mechanics to gradually reduce the strength parameters of the slope material until the slope reaches the limit state of slip. Through this process, the gradual destruction process of the slope under the action of rainfall, as well as the generation and movement of rolling stones, can be observed.

[0008] Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can more accurately simulate the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced slope rockfall by combining a two-dimensional numerical model and physical simulation. Physical simulation can intuitively display the experimental process, while the two-dimensional numerical model can provide more in-depth data analysis and prediction.

[0009] 2. The present invention can simulate slope environments under different geological, topographical and rainfall conditions, as well as protective structures of different rigidities. This makes the device have a wide range of applications and can be used to study different types of rainfall-induced slope rockfall disasters.

[0010] 3. The present invention combines engineering geological survey, numerical simulation and experimental verification, and can more accurately evaluate the stability of slopes under rainfall conditions and predict potential rockfall disasters. By simulating the stability of slopes under different rainfall conditions, it provides a scientific basis for slope protection and management, and helps to formulate more reasonable disaster prevention and mitigation measures.

[0011] Furthermore, various calculation parameters of the slope when it is in a state of imminent sliding are determined through engineering geological surveys. The calculation parameters include stress distribution, pressure change, and the interaction force between the slope and the simulated rigid protection structure.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By determining key data such as the stress distribution inside the slope and the pressure change on the sliding surface, the sliding process of the slope can be simulated more realistically, thereby more accurately evaluating the stability of the slope and predicting potential rockfall disasters.

[0013] Furthermore, the two-dimensional numerical model determines whether the edge of a unit in the numerical model has reached destruction based on the Moore-Coulomb criterion when the slope is in the imminent sliding state. If it has reached destruction, this edge is set as a crack in the model, and all unit edges that have reached the destruction state are set as cracks, thereby obtaining the slip surface within the slope when the slope is in the imminent sliding state.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The failure judgment method based on the Moore-Coulomb criterion can more accurately simulate the behavior of the slope in the state of imminent sliding, especially the crack formation and expansion process inside the material. This helps to improve the accuracy of the simulation and make the simulation results closer to the actual situation. By setting the unit boundary that reaches the failure state as a crack, we can clearly see the position of the slip surface inside the slope in the state of imminent sliding. This is of great significance for understanding the sliding mechanism of the slope, evaluating the effectiveness of the protective structure, and formulating disaster prevention and mitigation measures. The clear position of the slip surface provides an important basis for optimizing the design of the protective structure. Designers can reasonably arrange the protective structure according to the position and shape of the slip surface to improve its effectiveness and safety.

[0015] Furthermore, the two-dimensional numerical model simulates the gradual downward sliding process of the landslide body and accumulated rocks based on dynamics, simulates the contact, friction and collision of the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structure during the sliding process based on contact mechanics and impact dynamics, and judges whether new cracks are generated during the collision between the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structure based on material failure mechanics.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By comprehensively considering factors such as dynamics, contact mechanics, impact dynamics and material failure mechanics, the two-dimensional numerical model can more accurately simulate the sliding process of landslides and accumulated rocks, as well as their interaction with the support structure. This helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the simulation and make the simulation results closer to the actual situation. By simulating the sliding process of landslides and accumulated rocks and their interaction with the support structure, we can have a deeper understanding of the triggering mechanism, movement laws and influencing factors of landslides. This helps to provide a scientific basis for slope stability assessment and disaster prediction.

[0017] Furthermore, the data obtained by the two-dimensional numerical model analysis and calculation, including the landslide body-rockfall movement pattern, impact force, impact range and protective effect of the support structure, were compared and verified with the actual simulation results of the simulation device.

[0018] Beneficial effects: During the comparative verification process, if a large difference is found between the two-dimensional numerical model and the actual simulation results of the simulation device, the model can be optimized by adjusting the model parameters and settings. This helps to improve the accuracy and applicability of the model and make it more in line with the actual situation. Through comparative verification, we can have a deeper understanding of the sliding process of the landslide and the accumulated rocks and the interaction mechanism with the support structure.

[0019] Furthermore, a simulation device for rainfall-induced slope stone rolling is provided, comprising a simulation box and a transparent observation box cover, wherein the transparent observation box cover is detachably connected to the outer wall of the simulation box, a spray assembly for simulating rainfall is provided on the top wall of the simulation box, a power assembly for pumping water and air is provided on the inner side wall of the simulation box away from the transparent observation box cover, and a water storage assembly for collecting rainfall is provided on the bottom wall of the simulation box.

[0020] A horizontally placed experimental base plate is hinged on the inner wall of the simulation box, and a vertically placed experimental side plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the experimental base plate away from the hinge. The simulated rigid protective structure is fixedly connected to the top of the experimental base plate away from the experimental side plate. A support plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the simulation box below the experimental base plate, and a number of support columns are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate. The other ends of the support columns are in contact with the bottom of the experimental base plate. A motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, and an oblique ball screw is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A nut base corresponding to the ball screw is opened at the bottom of the experimental base plate, and a simulated slope body for simulating different slope conditions can be detachably connected to the top of the experimental base plate. A number of pressure sensors are fixedly connected to the experimental base plate, the experimental side plate, the simulated rigid protective structure and the inner wall of the simulation box close to the simulated slope body.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By simulating the real rainfall environment and slope conditions, the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced rockfall on the slope can be studied and predicted. The simulation box in the device is used to simulate the slope environment, the spraying component is used to simulate the rainfall process, and the power component and the water storage component provide the water flow and power required for rainfall. The simulated slope that can be detachably connected on the experimental base plate can simulate the slope conditions of different geology and terrain. Driven by the motor, the ball screw drives the experimental base plate to tilt, thereby simulating the instability and rockfall process of the slope under the action of rainfall. At the same time, the transparent observation box cover is convenient for observing the experimental process, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor and record various mechanical parameters during the experiment. Combined with the two-dimensional numerical model, the potential impact force and impact range under the interaction between the landslide and the rockfall group can be further analyzed to improve the accuracy of the simulation. The two-dimensional numerical model can predict the deformation and instability process of the slope under the action of rainfall, as well as the interaction between the landslide and the rockfall group by establishing a mathematical model and using a computer for simulation calculation.

[0022] Furthermore, the spray assembly includes a pipeline plate with embedded water pipes and air ducts, the pipeline plate is fixedly connected to the top wall of the simulation box, and the bottom of the pipeline plate is connected to a plurality of water spray pipes and electric steering air outlets.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Through the synergy of the water spray pipe and the electric steering vent, the simulation device can more accurately simulate the water field and wind field effects during rainfall. This makes the simulation environment closer to the real situation and helps researchers to have a deeper understanding of the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced slope rockfall.

[0024] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a first pump assembly and a second pump assembly, both of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulation box away from the transparent observation box cover, and a second sand filter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second pump assembly, and the electric steering air outlet and the water spray pipe are respectively connected to the first pump assembly and the second pump assembly through the air pipe and the water pipe in the pipeline plate.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The design of the second sand filter effectively prevents impurities and particles in the water from entering the pump body, thereby protecting the pump components and improving the cleanliness of the water. This helps ensure that the water flow during the simulation is more stable and reliable. Clean and stable water flow helps to simulate the rainfall process more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation. This helps researchers gain a deeper understanding of the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced slope rockfall.

[0026] Furthermore, the water storage component includes a triangular water receiving pool and a first sand filter net. The water receiving pool is fixedly connected to the bottom of the experimental bottom plate away from the experimental side plate. The first sand filter net is located in the water cavity and is fixedly connected to the top of the water receiving pool.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The triangular water collection pool design can effectively collect all water flows during the simulation process, reducing the waste of water resources. This helps to improve the water-saving performance of the simulation device and reduce the cost of the experiment. The presence of the first sand filter can effectively filter out impurities and particulate matter in the water flow, ensuring the clean water quality inside the water storage component. This helps to improve the accuracy of the simulation and prevent impurities from interfering with the experimental results.

[0028] Furthermore, the simulated slope is made by mixing gravel of different particle sizes, soil and adhesive in proportion and laying it on the top of the experimental base plate. Its shape and slope are adjusted according to the simulation needs to simulate different types of slopes. The surface of the simulated slope (2) is provided with a rolling stone layer for simulating the rolling stone effect.

[0029] Beneficial effects: By adjusting the composition, shape and slope of the simulated slope, different types of slopes can be simulated more accurately. This helps researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the disaster mechanism of rainfall-induced slope rolling and provides a scientific basis for the protection and management of actual slopes. The detachable design of the simulated slope allows researchers to easily replace or adjust the simulated slope as needed to meet different experimental needs. This flexibility improves the utilization rate of the simulation device and reduces experimental costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of crack initiation and propagation process in the numerical model of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a landslide hazard map generated by a rainfall-induced rockfill slope in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the collision process between the landslide body, rolling stones and protective structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 Figure 2 is a diagram showing the damage caused by the rolling stone impact protection structures of different shapes according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. simulation box; 2. simulated slope; 3. pressure sensor; 4. simulated rigid protection structure; 5. water collection tank; 6. pipeline plate; 7. electric steering air outlet; 8. water spray pipe; 9. first pump assembly; 10. experimental side panel; 11. second pump assembly; 12. experimental bottom plate; 13. support column; 14. second sand filter; 15. support plate; 16. motor; 17. ball screw; 18. nut base; 19. first sand filter; 20. transparent observation box cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Example 1 Basically as attached Figure 3-Figure 7 Shown: A simulation method for rainfall-induced rockfall on slopes, which determines the potential slope to be analyzed and establishes a two-dimensional numerical model of the slope, rockfall and actual rigid protection structure based on engineering geological surveys.

[0039] The material physical and mechanical parameters of the slope, rockfall and actual rigid protective structure are determined based on engineering geological surveys. The maximum rainfall and the most dangerous rainfall period that may act on the slope are summarized based on meteorological data. Then, a two-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate the sliding limit state of the slope with rockfall under this maximum rainfall or in the most dangerous rainfall period using the strength reduction method based on continuum mechanics. The safety factor of the slope is then calculated. At the same time, the corresponding simulated slope 2, rockfall layer and simulated rigid protective structure 4 are established in the simulation device for comparative verification.

[0040] Through engineering geological survey, various calculation parameters when the slope is in a state of imminent sliding are determined, and the calculation parameters include stress distribution, pressure change and interaction force between the slope and the simulated rigid protection structure 4.

[0041] The two-dimensional numerical model determines whether the edge of a unit in the numerical model has reached failure based on the Moore-Coulomb criterion when the slope is in the imminent sliding state. If failure has occurred, this edge is set as a crack in the model, and all unit edges that have reached the failure state are set as cracks, thereby obtaining the slip surface within the slope when the slope is in the imminent sliding state.

[0042] The two-dimensional numerical model simulates the gradual downward sliding process of the landslide body and accumulated rocks based on dynamics, simulates the contact, friction and collision of the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structures during the sliding process based on contact mechanics and impact dynamics, and judges whether new cracks are generated during the collision between the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structures based on material failure mechanics.

[0043] The data obtained by two-dimensional numerical model analysis and calculation, including the landslide-rock movement mode, impact force, impact range and protective effect of the support structure, are compared and verified with the actual simulation results of the simulation device.

[0044] Specific implementation steps: First, based on the geological survey data, a specific potential slope to be analyzed is determined. This slope should be representative and able to reflect the typical characteristics of rainfall-induced slope rockfall.

[0045] According to the engineering geological survey data, the material physical and mechanical parameters of the slope, rolling stones and actual rigid protective structure are obtained, such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, shear strength, etc. Using these parameters, a two-dimensional numerical model of the slope, rolling stones and actual rigid protective structure is established in the two-dimensional numerical modeling software. The two-dimensional numerical model can accurately reflect the geometric shape, material properties and boundary conditions of the slope.

[0046] According to meteorological data, the maximum rainfall and the most dangerous rainfall period that may affect the slope are determined. In the two-dimensional numerical model, the corresponding rainfall conditions are set to simulate the impact of the maximum rainfall or the most dangerous rainfall period on the slope. The simulation device uses the strength reduction method to gradually reduce the strength parameters of the slope material until the slope reaches the limit state of slip. In this process, the safety factor of the slope is calculated through the two-dimensional numerical model to evaluate the stability of the slope.

[0047] When the slope reaches the limit state of imminent sliding, the Moore-Coulomb criterion is used to determine whether the edges of each unit in the numerical model have reached the failure state. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the triangle is the calculation unit, N represents the unit node, E represents the unit, the number represents the unit or node number, and ' represents the number of the new node generated due to the appearance of the new crack.

[0048] The edge of the unit that has reached the failure state is set as a crack in the model, so as to obtain the slip surface in the slope under the state of imminent sliding. Based on the principle of dynamics, the process of the landslide body and the accumulated rocks gradually sliding downward under the action of gravity is simulated. Considering the contact, friction and collision between the landslide body, the accumulated rocks and the slope body and the supporting structure, the simulation is carried out using the principles of contact mechanics and impact dynamics. The simulation results are shown in the attached figure. Figure 5-7 shown.

[0049] In the process of collision between the landslide body, the accumulated rocks and the support structure, the principle of material failure mechanics is used to determine whether new cracks are generated. The new cracks generated are marked and recorded in the model. The data obtained by the two-dimensional numerical model analysis include the movement mode of the landslide body-rolling stone, the impact force, the impact range and the protective effect of the support structure. These results are compared and verified with the actual simulation results of the simulation device to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the two-dimensional numerical model.

[0050] Example 2 Basically as attached Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown: Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, a simulation device for rainfall-induced slope stone rolling includes a simulation box 1 and a transparent observation box cover 20, the transparent observation box cover 20 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the simulation box 1, a water cavity is provided at the bottom of the simulation box 1, and a spray assembly for simulating rainfall is provided on the top wall of the simulation box 1, the spray assembly includes a pipe plate 6 with embedded pipes, the pipe plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the simulation box 1 by bolts, and a plurality of water spray pipes 8 and electric steering air outlets 7 are connected to the bottom of the pipe plate 6.

[0051] The inner wall of the simulation box 1 away from the transparent observation box cover 20 is provided with a power assembly for pumping water and air. The power assembly includes a first pump assembly 9 and a second pump assembly 11. The first pump assembly 9 and the second pump assembly 11 are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulation box 1 away from the transparent observation box cover 20 by bolts. The bottom of the second pump assembly 11 is fixedly connected with a second sand filter 14 by bolts. The second sand filter 14 is located in the water cavity. The electric steering air outlet 7 and the water spray pipe 8 are respectively connected to the first pump assembly 9 and the second pump assembly 11 through the air pipe and the water pipe in the pipeline plate 6. The inner bottom wall of the simulation box 1 is provided with a water storage assembly for collecting rainfall. The water storage assembly includes a triangular water receiving pool 5 and a first sand filter 19. The water receiving pool 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side of the experimental bottom plate 12 away from the experimental side plate 10 by bolts. The first sand filter 19 is located in the water cavity and is fixedly connected to the top of the water receiving pool 5 by bolts.

[0052] A horizontally placed experimental bottom plate 12 is hinged on the inner side wall of the simulation box 1, and a vertically placed experimental side plate 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the experimental bottom plate 12 away from the hinge by bolts. The simulated rigid protection structure 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the experimental bottom plate 12 away from the experimental side plate 10 by bolts. A support plate 15 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the simulation box 1 below the experimental bottom plate 12 by bolts. A plurality of support columns 13 are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 15 by bolts. The other ends of the support columns 13 are in contact with the bottom of the experimental bottom plate. The top of the support plate 15 is fixedly connected by bolts. A motor 16 is connected, and the output end of the motor 16 is coaxially fixedly connected to an oblique ball screw 17 through bolts. A nut base 18 corresponding to the ball screw 17 is opened at the bottom of the experimental base plate 12. The simulated slope 2 used to simulate different slope conditions can be detachably connected to the top of the experimental base plate 12. The simulated slope 2 is made of gravel, soil and adhesive of different particle sizes mixed in proportion and laid on the top of the experimental base plate 12. Its shape and slope are adjusted according to the simulation needs to simulate different types of slopes. The surface of the simulated slope 2 is provided with a rolling stone layer for simulating the rolling stone effect. The experimental base plate 12, the experimental side plate 10, the simulated rigid protection structure 4 and the inner side wall of the simulation box 1 close to the simulated slope 2 are all fixedly connected with a number of pressure sensors 3 through bolts. A camera for shooting images can be set up on the outer wall of the transparent observation box cover 20.

[0053] Specific implementation steps: According to the simulation method in Example 1, determine the key parameters such as the material physical and mechanical parameters of the potential slope to be analyzed, the maximum rainfall, and the most dangerous rainfall period. According to the simulation requirements in the simulation method, mix gravel, soil and adhesive of different particle sizes in proportion. Lay the mixed material on the experimental base plate 12 to form a detachable simulated slope 2 structure. Adjust the shape and slope of the slope according to the simulation requirements. According to the simulation results, adjust the parameters of the water spray pipe 8, the electric steering air outlet 7, the first pump assembly 9 and the second pump assembly 11 in the simulation device to simulate the corresponding rainfall conditions.

[0054] A simulated slope 2 is laid on the experimental base plate 12, and a rolling stone layer is set. The first pump assembly 9 and the second pump assembly 11 are started to spray water to the simulated slope 2 through the water spray pipe 8 and the electric steering air outlet 7 to simulate the rainfall process. According to the meteorological data and the simulation results, the rainfall intensity and duration are adjusted to simulate the corresponding maximum rainfall or the most dangerous rainfall period.

[0055] During the rainfall process, the pressure change of the slope is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor 3. When the slope reaches the pre-slip limit state determined by the two-dimensional numerical model in Example 1, the parameters such as the generation, quantity and speed of the rolling stones are recorded by a camera or manually observed and recorded. The motor 16 is started, and the experimental base plate 12 is tilted by the cooperation of the ball screw 17 and the nut base 18 to simulate slopes of different slopes. The movement trajectory, impact force and other parameters of the rolling stones under different slopes are observed and recorded.

[0056] Collect experimental data of pressure sensor 3, camera and other equipment. Combined with the results of the two-dimensional numerical model in Example 1, compare and analyze the experimental data to verify the accuracy and reliability of the simulation device. According to the analysis results, optimize the design parameters and experimental methods of the simulation device to improve the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

[0057] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling, characterized in that: The potential slope to be analyzed is determined. A two-dimensional numerical model of the slope, rockfall and actual rigid protective structure is established based on the engineering geological survey. The material physical and mechanical parameters of the slope, rockfall and actual rigid protective structure are determined based on the engineering geological survey. The maximum rainfall and the most dangerous rainfall period that may act on the slope are summarized based on meteorological data. Then, the two-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate the limit state of the rockfall slope under this maximum rainfall or in the most dangerous rainfall period using the strength reduction method based on continuum mechanics. The safety factor of the slope is then calculated. At the same time, the corresponding simulated slope (2), rockfall layer and simulated rigid protective structure (4) are established in the simulation device for comparative verification.

2. The method for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation parameters of the slope in a state of imminent sliding are determined based on engineering geological surveys. The calculation parameters include stress distribution, pressure change and the interaction force between the slope and the rigid protection structure.

3. The method for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two-dimensional numerical model determines whether the edge of a unit in the numerical model has reached failure based on the Moore-Coulomb criterion when the slope is in the imminent sliding state. If failure has occurred, this edge is set as a crack in the model, and all unit edges that have reached the failure state are set as cracks, thereby obtaining the slip surface within the slope when the slope is in the imminent sliding state.

4. The method for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two-dimensional numerical model simulates the gradual downward sliding process of the landslide body and accumulated rocks based on dynamics, simulates the contact, friction and collision of the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structures during the sliding process based on contact mechanics and impact dynamics, and judges whether new cracks are generated during the collision between the landslide body, accumulated rocks and supporting structures based on material failure mechanics.

5. The method for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data obtained by two-dimensional numerical model analysis and calculation, including the landslide-rock movement mode, impact force, impact range and protective effect of the support structure, are compared and verified with the actual simulation results of the simulation device.

6. A device for simulating rainfall-induced rockfall on a slope, based on the method for simulating rainfall-induced rockfall on a slope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a simulation box (1) and a transparent observation box cover (20), wherein the transparent observation box cover (20) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the simulation box (1), and characterized in that: The top wall of the simulation box (1) is provided with a spraying assembly for simulating rainfall, the inner side wall of the simulation box (1) away from the transparent observation box cover (20) is provided with a power assembly for pumping water and air, the inner bottom wall of the simulation box (1) is provided with a water storage assembly for collecting rainfall, a horizontally placed experimental bottom plate (12) is hingedly connected to the inner side wall of the simulation box (1), a vertically placed experimental side plate (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the experimental bottom plate (12) away from the hinge, a simulated rigid protective structure (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the experimental bottom plate (12) away from the experimental side plate (10), a support plate (15) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the simulation box (1) below the experimental bottom plate (12), and a plurality of support plates (15) are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (15). The support column (13) is provided with a support column (13), and the other end of the support column (13) is in contact with the bottom of the experimental base plate (12). The top of the support plate (15) is fixedly connected with a motor (16). The output end of the motor (16) is coaxially fixedly connected with an oblique ball screw (17). The bottom of the experimental base plate (12) is provided with a nut base (18) corresponding to the ball screw (17). The simulated slope (2) for simulating different slope conditions can be detachably connected to the simulated slope at the top of the experimental base plate (12). The experimental base plate (12), the experimental side plate (10), the simulated rigid protective structure (4) and the inner side wall of the simulation box (1) close to the simulated slope (2) are all fixedly connected with a plurality of pressure sensors (3). A water cavity is provided below the support plate (15).

7. The device for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray assembly comprises a pipe plate (6) with embedded water pipes and air ducts. The pipe plate (6) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the simulation box (1). The bottom of the pipe plate (6) is connected to a plurality of water spray pipes (8) and an electric steering air outlet (7).

8. The device for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power assembly comprises a first pump assembly (9) and a second pump assembly (11), the first pump assembly (9) and the second pump assembly (11) are both fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the simulation box (1) away from the transparent observation box cover (20), the second pump assembly (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second pump assembly (11) with a second sand filter (14), the second sand filter (14) is located in the water cavity, and the electric steering air outlet (7) and the water spray pipe (8) are both connected to the first pump assembly (9) and the second pump assembly (11) respectively through the air pipe and the water pipe in the pipeline plate (6).

9. The device for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water storage assembly comprises a triangular water receiving pool (5) and a first sand filter (19); the water receiving pool (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of a side of the experimental bottom plate (12) away from the experimental side plate (10); the first sand filter (19) is located in the water cavity; the first sand filter (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the water receiving pool (5).

10. The device for simulating rainfall-induced slope rock rolling according to claim 9, characterized in that: The simulated slope (2) is made of crushed stones of different particle sizes, soil and adhesive mixed in proportion and laid on the top of the experimental base plate (12). Its shape and slope are adjusted according to simulation needs to simulate different types of slopes. The surface of the simulated slope (2) is provided with a rolling stone layer for simulating the rolling stone effect.

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