Intelligent river sediment migration prediction method and system based on multi-source remote sensing

Abstract

The invention relates to a river sediment migration intelligent prediction method and system based on multi-source remote sensing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River basin; performing topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River basin to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River basin; according to the Yangtze river basin topographic feature data, the Yangtze river basin elevation model is subjected to basin region division, Yangtze river basin region division data are generated, and the Yangtze river basin region division data comprise the Yangtze river basin upstream, the Yangtze river basin midstream and the Yangtze river basin downstream; and according to the Yangtze River basin region division data, upstream region meteorological station data acquisition is carried out on the upstream of the Yangtze River basin to obtain Yangtze River basin upstream region meteorological data. Through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support of river sediment migration in the Yangtze River basin are realized, and the monitoring and prediction precision of sediment migration is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sediment migration prediction, and in particular to a method and system for intelligently predicting river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing. Background Art

[0002] Remote sensing technology mainly relies on aerial photography and satellite images to monitor rivers and their sediment conditions by acquiring large-scale, high-resolution image data. However, these methods are limited by the frequency of data acquisition and spatial coverage, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic prediction. With the advancement of satellite remote sensing technology, such as the launch of Landsat, MODIS and Sentinel series satellites, the frequency and accuracy of data acquisition have been significantly improved. In particular, the fusion of multi-source remote sensing data allows information from different bands to complement each other and provide more comprehensive and detailed information on river sediment migration. At the same time, the development of active remote sensing technologies such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has further enhanced the monitoring capabilities of river sediment migration, especially under adverse meteorological conditions such as cloudy and rainy weather. In recent years, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies has provided new means for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration. Deep learning algorithms, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), can process and analyze massive, multi-source remote sensing data and capture complex spatiotemporal dynamic relationships. By combining historical data and real-time monitoring data, these algorithms can construct high-precision prediction models and achieve accurate predictions of sediment migration trends. However, previous studies on sediment migration often ignore detailed analysis of regional characteristics and often rely on a single data source, resulting in low accuracy in monitoring and prediction of sediment migration. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method and system for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, a method for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Acquire the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform basin regional division on the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin according to the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0006] Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches; evaluating the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches;

[0007] Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generating the sediment transport impact data of the middle reaches of the river;

[0008] Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and obtaining river network data of the downstream area; conducting regional sediment deposition impact assessment through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generating sediment deposition impact data of the downstream regional rivers;

[0009] Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in the upstream region, the data on sediment transport impact in the midstream region, and the data on sediment deposition impact in the downstream region to generate regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction in the Yangtze River Basin on the sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin;

[0010] Step S6: Simulate river sediment migration based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map to generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0011] The present invention generates terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin by acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin and performing terrain and geological analysis. The Yangtze River Basin is divided into regions of the elevation model according to the terrain features, including the upstream, midstream and downstream. According to the regional division data, the meteorological station data of the upstream area is collected to obtain the meteorological data of the upstream. The upstream geographic elevation information is analyzed by the elevation model, and then the sediment migration amount impact data of the upstream regional river is evaluated. The river hydrological information of the midstream is collected to obtain the hydrological data of the midstream area. The middle reaches of the river channel morphology is analyzed by the elevation model to generate the river channel morphology data of the middle reaches, and the sediment movement path is fitted to generate the river sediment transport impact data. The tidal observation data of the downstream area is obtained to collect the downstream river tidal data. The downstream river network data is extracted by using the elevation model to evaluate the sediment deposition impact data of the downstream area. The real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained. The river sediment impact data of the upstream, midstream and downstream obtained in the above steps are integrated. The sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin is predicted to generate river sediment migration prediction data. Based on the river sediment migration prediction data, river sediment migration simulation is carried out to generate simulation data. The simulation data is visualized to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration. Based on the dynamic map, sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed and a river sediment migration risk decision-making report is generated to support the execution of intelligent decision-making operations, which helps to understand the topographic characteristics and spatial distribution of the Yangtze River Basin. Meteorological and geographical data of the upstream area are provided, and the movement of sediment in this area is analyzed, providing a basis for the hydrological model and sediment management of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By understanding the relationship between hydrology and river channel morphology in the middle reaches, the migration path of sediment in the middle reaches is evaluated, providing data support for sediment movement models and ecological protection. By studying the tidal impact and river network characteristics of the downstream area, the sediment deposition in the downstream is analyzed, providing a basis for water resources management and sediment transportation plans. Combine the sediment impact data of each region to predict sediment migration within the Yangtze River Basin, providing early warning and decision-making support for overall river management and environmental protection. Simulation results and dynamic maps of river sediment migration are provided to support decision makers in intelligent decision-making and operations in sediment management and risk assessment. Therefore, the present invention realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision-making support for sediment migration in rivers in the Yangtze River Basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, thereby improving the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration.

[0012] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step S11: using multi-source remote sensing technology to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0014] Step S12: preprocessing the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization;

[0015] Step S13: Perform basin elevation modeling based on standard Yangtze River basin environmental monitoring data to generate a Yangtze River basin elevation model;

[0016] Step S14: Performing topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin; dividing the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into different basins based on the terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0017] The present invention can provide high-resolution, multi-dimensional environmental monitoring data through multi-source remote sensing technology, improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data, and lay a solid foundation for subsequent analysis. Data preprocessing can significantly improve data quality, ensure the reliability and effectiveness of subsequent analysis, and make the data more consistent and comparable. The generated elevation model can accurately reflect the topographic characteristics of the Yangtze River Basin and provide important basic data for geological analysis, flood simulation, etc. Topographic geological analysis can reveal the topographic characteristics of different regions in the Yangtze River Basin, and help understand and predict phenomena such as water flow paths and sediment deposition in the basin. Regional division can provide a scientific basis for basin management, disaster prevention and control, resource allocation, etc. Multi-source remote sensing and data preprocessing ensure the comprehensiveness, accuracy and consistency of data. Elevation models and topographic geological analysis provide a scientific basis for environmental monitoring and management in the basin. Data based on regional division support targeted management and decision-making, and improve the overall management efficiency of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0018] Preferably, step S14 comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step S141: extracting terrain features from the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0020] Step S142: Performing geological structure analysis on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0021] Step S143: extracting the watershed of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model through the Yangtze River Basin geological structure data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin watershed data; confirming the regional boundary of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the Yangtze River Basin watershed data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin regional boundary data;

[0022] Step S144: Use the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to partition the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0023] The present invention uses geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technology to extract terrain features such as slope, aspect, height, curvature, etc. from the elevation model. These terrain feature data help to describe the landforms of the Yangtze River Basin in detail. Providing detailed terrain information helps to understand the terrain changes and characteristics in the basin, laying the foundation for subsequent geological analysis and regional division. It helps to identify potential geological disaster risk areas and improve disaster warning capabilities. Based on the extracted terrain feature data, geological structure analysis is carried out to identify geological units, faults, rock layer distribution, etc. Detailed geological structure data is generated using geological modeling and analysis tools. Providing geological structure information in the Yangtze River Basin helps to understand the relationship between geological structure and terrain. Supports mineral resource exploration, water resource management and geological disaster prevention. Using geological structure data to extract watersheds in the basin and identify water flow boundaries in the basin. Confirm the natural boundaries of each region and generate detailed regional boundary data. Watershed data helps water resource management and flood prevention, and identifies water flow convergence areas and drainage areas. Regional boundary data supports refined basin management and clarifies the management scope of each region. Combined with terrain feature data and regional boundary data, the basin is scientifically divided into regions. The upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are divided, and regional division data is provided. Scientific and reasonable regional division helps to carry out differentiated management and protection according to the characteristics of different regions.

[0024] Preferably, step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S21: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0026] Step S22: Analyze the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate the geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; calculate the upper reaches of the geographic elevation information data to obtain the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0027] Step S23: performing upstream rainfall time series analysis on the meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; performing rainfall averaging on the rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate average rainfall data of the upper reaches;

[0028] Step S24: According to the preset hydrological model, the upstream area average rainfall data is used to simulate the upstream area runoff to generate the upstream area runoff simulation data; based on the upstream area runoff simulation data, the upstream terrain drop data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to evaluate the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers to obtain the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers.

[0029] The present invention collects meteorological data by using regional division data to determine the distribution of meteorological stations in the upstream area. The collected data include temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed, etc. Accurate meteorological data of the upstream area is obtained to provide a basis for subsequent meteorological analysis and hydrological models. Real-time meteorological information is provided to support meteorological forecasts and disaster warnings. The geographic elevation information of the upstream area is analyzed using an elevation model to generate detailed elevation data. The terrain drop is calculated to identify high and low undulating areas. Accurate geographic elevation information is provided to support terrain analysis and hydrological models. The terrain drop data helps to understand the water flow speed and path and predict potential flood risk areas. The collected meteorological data is analyzed in time series to generate rainfall time series data. The average rainfall value is calculated to obtain the average rainfall data of the upstream area. Detailed rainfall time series data is provided to help understand rainfall patterns and trends. Average rainfall data supports the accuracy of water resource management and hydrological models. A preset hydrological model is used to perform runoff simulation based on average rainfall data. The amount of sediment migration is evaluated using runoff simulation data and terrain drop data. Runoff simulation data helps predict the direction and value of water flow, providing a basis for water resource management and flood prevention measures. Sediment transport assessment data helps understand the impact of sediment on rivers and supports river management and ecological protection.

[0030] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step S31: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0032] Step S32: performing a midstream river channel morphology analysis on the midstream of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin, wherein the river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin includes midstream river channel width data, midstream river channel depth data, and midstream river channel curvature data;

[0033] Step S33: Calculate the water storage capacity of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river; compare the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river with the preset standard water storage threshold of the river; when the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river is greater than or equal to the preset standard water storage threshold of the river, mark the first water period based on the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river to generate the flood period of the middle reaches of the river;

[0034] Step S34: when the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches is less than the preset standard river channel water storage threshold, the second water period is marked based on the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the dry season of the river channel in the middle reaches; the sediment transport data of the river channel width, the river channel depth and the river channel curvature data in the middle reaches are respectively analyzed according to the dry season and the flood season of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period;

[0035] Step S35: Fitting the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period to the sediment movement path to generate the sediment transport impact data of the river in the middle reaches.

[0036] The present invention determines the hydrological stations of the midstream river by using the regional division data, and collects hydrological information. The collected data include water level, flow, water temperature, sand content, etc. Accurate hydrological data of the midstream river is obtained, which provides a basis for subsequent river morphology analysis and water storage calculation. Real-time hydrological information is provided to support water resource management and flood warning. The elevation model is used to analyze the morphology of the midstream river and generate detailed river morphology data. The width, depth and curvature of the river are analyzed to provide accurate morphological data. Detailed river morphology information is provided to help understand the river structure and water flow behavior. Support the formulation of river management and flood prevention measures to improve management effects. The water storage of the midstream river is calculated based on the hydrological data, and detailed water storage data is generated. The water storage data is compared with the preset standard threshold to identify whether it has entered the flood period. If the water storage reaches or exceeds the threshold, it is marked as the flood period. Accurate water storage data is provided to support flood prediction and management. The flood period is marked in time to improve the flood warning capability and ensure the safety of the basin. If the water storage is lower than the threshold, it is marked as dry season. Sediment transport analysis is performed on the river morphology data in flood and dry seasons respectively. Sediment transport data for the first and second water periods are generated. Accurately distinguish the sediment transport conditions in flood and dry seasons to support river sediment management. Understanding the sediment behavior in different water periods is helpful to formulate scientific sediment control measures. Fit the sediment transport data of different water periods to analyze the sediment movement path. Generate sediment transport impact data and provide comprehensive sediment behavior analysis. Provide detailed paths and impact data of sediment movement to support river management and ecological protection. Improve the understanding of sediment migration laws and support scientific decision-making and management.

[0037] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S41: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin;

[0039] Step S42: extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain the downstream regional river network data; calculating the cell river network density of the downstream regional river network data to obtain the downstream regional river network density map;

[0040] Step S43: Calculating the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin by using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula on the downstream area river network density map to obtain the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin;

[0041] Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, the downstream area ocean current simulation data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to generate the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; the regional sediment deposition impact assessment is performed on the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the river channel bifurcation index of the Yangtze River Basin, and the downstream area river sediment deposition impact data is generated.

[0042] The present invention determines the tidal observation points of the downstream river channel by using the regional division data to collect tidal data. The collected data include tide level, tidal velocity, tidal cycle, etc. Accurate tidal observation data is obtained to provide a basis for subsequent ocean current simulation and sediment deposition analysis. Real-time tidal information is provided to support tide prevention management and early warning systems. The river network data of the downstream area is extracted using the elevation model to generate a detailed river network map. The river network density of the cell is calculated for the river network data to generate a river network density map. Providing detailed river network distribution information is helpful to understand the downstream river channel structure and water flow distribution. The river network density map supports water resource management and river management in the downstream area. The river network density map is analyzed using the bifurcation index calculation formula to calculate the river channel bifurcation index. The bifurcation index reflects the complexity and bifurcation degree of the river channel. Detailed data on river channel bifurcation is provided to help understand the complexity of the river channel and the sediment deposition behavior. Support river channel management and ecological protection, and optimize river channel management strategies. Based on the ocean dynamics model, the tidal observation data is simulated to generate ocean current simulation data. The river branching index and ocean current simulation data are used to evaluate the impact of regional sediment deposition. Accurate ocean current simulation data are provided to support hydrological analysis and sediment management in downstream areas. Sediment deposition impact assessment data helps understand the migration and deposition behavior of sediment in rivers and supports river management and ecological protection.

[0043] Preferably, the calculation formula of the river branching index in step S43 is as follows: ,

[0044] In the formula, It is expressed as the river branching index, It is the length of the river end point, Expressed as the number of river channel features, Expressed as The weight of each river feature, Expressed as The attenuation coefficient of a river channel feature, Expressed as The location of a channel feature on the river channel, is represented by the position on the river channel, Expressed as the river position The contribution coefficient varies with the change of Expressed as the variance of the normal distribution.

[0045] The present invention analyzes and integrates a river branching index calculation formula. The principle of the formula is to integrate and accumulate the characteristic values ​​of the river from the starting point to the end point, reflecting the diversity and spatial distribution of the river branches. Indicates from the starting point 0 to the end point of the river The integral of accumulating the contribution of the characteristic values ​​at each location on the river to the bifurcation index can capture the distribution of branches and distributaries over the entire length of the river and provide a global assessment. The summation term in the formula Indicates that all The sum of all characteristics, including river width, depth, flow rate, etc., ensures that all important river characteristics are considered in the assessment and their contributions are considered comprehensively. Represents each feature The weight of the feature can be adjusted to adjust its importance in the calculation of the bifurcation index. By adjusting the weight, the influence of specific features on the bifurcation index can be highlighted or weakened, making the evaluation more in line with the actual situation. The Gaussian function in the formula Can measure river characteristics With current location The position variable in the formula and , represents the integration variable, i.e. the position on the river channel, which is used to integrate the eigenvalue over the entire length of the river channel. is the location or measurement of a particular feature on the river channel, relative to the current position For comparison. Weight function Following the river location It changes with the change of , and is used to adjust the contribution of different positions to the bifurcation index during the integration process. It can capture the spatial distribution changes of river characteristics at different positions and improve the precision and accuracy of the assessment. The normalization constant in the formula Ensure the normalization of the similarity calculation results so that they conform to the normal distribution. Provide a stable bifurcation index calculation result, reducing the deviation in the calculation process. When using the conventional river channel bifurcation index calculation formula in the field, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be obtained. By applying the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula provided by the present invention, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be calculated more accurately. The formula takes into account multiple river channel characteristics and their distribution in space, comprehensively evaluates the degree of bifurcation of the river channel, and provides a comprehensive structural description. Through Gaussian functions and integral terms, the spatial distribution of river channel characteristics at different locations is effectively captured, reflecting the complexity of branches and bifurcations. By adjusting the weights and attenuation coefficients, it adapts to rivers of different types and characteristics, making the evaluation more adaptable and practical. The use of normalization constants and weight functions ensures the stability and accuracy of the evaluation results and reduces the interference of external factors on the evaluation.

[0046] Preferably, step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step S51: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin;

[0048] Step S52: Integrate the data on the impact of river sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on the impact of river sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on the impact of river sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0049] Step S53: dividing the data set of sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin into a model training set and a model test set; training the model training set using a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model;

[0050] Step S54: Use the model test set to iterate the model test of the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model, so as to generate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the sediment migration of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin, and generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

[0051] The present invention monitors and collects sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin in real time, including sediment concentration, deposition location and migration speed. Provide the latest sediment distribution information to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data. Support timely analysis and decision-making to improve the response speed of sediment management. Integrate sediment data in the upstream, midstream and downstream areas to form a comprehensive Yangtze River Basin sediment impact database. Unify data formats, eliminate data redundancy, and ensure data integrity and consistency. Provide comprehensive sediment impact data to support sediment analysis and management of the basin as a whole. Help identify the overall trend and law of sediment migration and deposition. Divide the sediment impact data into training sets and test sets to ensure the effectiveness of model training and verification. Use long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to train the training set data and generate a sediment migration model. LSTM neural network is suitable for processing time series data and can capture the dynamic change characteristics of sediment migration. Provide an accurate sediment migration model to support basin sediment management and prediction. Improve the generalization ability of the model and more accurately predict future sediment migration trends. Use the test set to test and iteratively optimize the sediment migration training model to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model. Import real-time sediment distribution data into the trained model to predict sediment migration. Generate sediment migration prediction data for the Yangtze River Basin and provide estimates of future sediment changes. Provide accurate sediment migration prediction data to support scientific decision-making and management. Improve understanding of sediment dynamics and help formulate effective sediment control measures and disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.

[0052] Preferably, step S6 comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step S61: Perform river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data, wherein the river sediment migration simulation data includes sediment movement trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data;

[0054] Step S62: using a GIS platform to perform GIS integration on the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data to generate sediment simulation spatial data;

[0055] Step S63: Visualize the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0056] The present invention performs detailed sediment migration simulation based on the sediment migration prediction data generated in the previous steps. During the simulation process, the movement trajectory data and deposition process data of the sediment are generated to describe the dynamic behavior of the sediment in detail. Detailed sediment migration and deposition process data are provided to support scientific river management and sediment control. Understanding the movement trajectory and deposition location of the sediment helps to predict potential blockage and erosion problems. Using a geographic information system (GIS) platform, the sediment movement trajectory and deposition process data are integrated into a spatial data set. Sediment simulation spatial data is generated to provide a comprehensive view in geographic space. Through GIS integration, a spatial distribution map of sediment migration and deposition is provided to improve data visualization and ease of use. Supports geospatial analysis to help identify key areas of sediment migration and deposition. Using a GIS platform, the sediment simulation spatial data is visualized to generate dynamic sediment migration maps. Based on these dynamic maps, risk assessment and decision-making construction of sediment migration are carried out to generate detailed risk decision reports. The report includes sediment migration prediction, potential risk areas, countermeasures suggestions, etc. Provide intuitive dynamic maps to help users understand the dynamic process of sediment migration and deposition. Through risk decision reports, scientific decision support is provided to help prevent and respond to sediment-related risks.

[0057] In this specification, a river sediment migration intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing is provided, which is used to execute the above-mentioned river sediment migration intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing. The river sediment migration intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing includes:

[0058] The regional division module is used to obtain the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into basin regions based on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0059] The upstream impact analysis module is used to collect meteorological station data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain meteorological data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the geographic elevation information of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and generate geographic elevation information data in the upstream area; evaluate the amount of river sediment migration in the upstream area through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain the impact data of river sediment migration in the upstream area;

[0060] The midstream impact analysis module is used to collect hydrological information of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to analyze the morphology of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generate the morphological data of the river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to fit the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river channel morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generate the sediment transport impact data of the rivers in the middle reaches;

[0061] The downstream impact analysis module is used to collect downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin; extract the downstream river network of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and obtain the downstream regional river network data; evaluate the regional sediment deposition impact through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generate the downstream regional river sediment deposition impact data;

[0062] The sediment prediction module is used to obtain real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; and predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate the sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin.

[0063] The simulation decision-making module is used to simulate river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin and generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data and generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0064] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin, topographic and geological analysis is performed, topographic feature data is generated, and the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are divided. Basic data of different topographic features in the basin are provided, laying the foundation for subsequent analysis and prediction. Meteorological data and geographic elevation information of the upstream area are collected to evaluate the amount of river sediment migration. Data support is provided for understanding the contribution of the upstream area to the river sediment load, which is helpful for predicting and managing the sediment movement of the upstream river. Hydrological data and river channel morphology data of the middle reaches are collected to fit the sediment movement path. It helps to understand the role and influence of the middle reaches of the river in the process of sediment transportation, and provides an important basis for comprehensive basin management. Tidal observation data and river network data of the downstream area are obtained to evaluate the sedimentation impact of river sediment. Data support is provided for understanding the sedimentation characteristics of downstream rivers and their influencing factors, which is helpful for river management and the formulation of sediment treatment strategies. The above-mentioned impact data are integrated to generate sediment impact data, and sediment migration prediction of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin is carried out. It provides a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the sediment movement mechanism of the Yangtze River Basin and provides predictive support for river sediment management decisions. Based on the predicted data, sediment migration simulation is carried out, dynamic maps are generated, and risk decision reports are made. Through visualization and reporting, decision makers are helped to understand the dynamic process and potential risks of river sediment migration, and intelligent decision-making and emergency response are supported. Therefore, the present invention realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision-making support for river sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, and improves the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of an intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing;

[0066] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Detailed implementation steps of step S2 in the flowchart;

[0067] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Detailed implementation steps of step S3 in FIG.

[0068] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Detailed implementation steps of step S4 in FIG.

[0069] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The technical method of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. The functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0072] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one unit from another unit. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, the first unit may be referred to as the second unit, and similarly the second unit may be referred to as the first unit. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed associated items.

[0073] To achieve this, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , a method for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing, the method comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step S1: Acquire the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform basin regional division on the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin according to the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0075] Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches; evaluating the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches;

[0076] Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generating the sediment transport impact data of the middle reaches of the river;

[0077] Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and obtaining river network data of the downstream area; conducting regional sediment deposition impact assessment through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generating sediment deposition impact data of the downstream regional rivers;

[0078] Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in the upstream region, the data on sediment transport impact in the midstream region, and the data on sediment deposition impact in the downstream region to generate regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction in the Yangtze River Basin on the sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin;

[0079] Step S6: Simulate river sediment migration based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map to generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0080] The present invention generates terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin by acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin and performing terrain and geological analysis. The Yangtze River Basin is divided into regions of the elevation model according to the terrain features, including the upstream, midstream and downstream. According to the regional division data, the meteorological station data of the upstream area is collected to obtain the meteorological data of the upstream. The upstream geographic elevation information is analyzed by the elevation model, and then the sediment migration amount impact data of the upstream regional river is evaluated. The river hydrological information of the midstream is collected to obtain the hydrological data of the midstream area. The middle reaches of the river channel morphology is analyzed by the elevation model to generate the river channel morphology data of the middle reaches, and the sediment movement path is fitted to generate the river sediment transport impact data. The tidal observation data of the downstream area is obtained to collect the downstream river tidal data. The downstream river network data is extracted by using the elevation model to evaluate the sediment deposition impact data of the downstream area. The real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained. The river sediment impact data of the upstream, midstream and downstream obtained in the above steps are integrated. The sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin is predicted to generate river sediment migration prediction data. Based on the river sediment migration prediction data, river sediment migration simulation is carried out to generate simulation data. The simulation data is visualized to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration. Based on the dynamic map, sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed and a river sediment migration risk decision-making report is generated to support the execution of intelligent decision-making operations, which helps to understand the topographic characteristics and spatial distribution of the Yangtze River Basin. By providing meteorological and geographical data in the upstream area, the movement of sediment in this area is analyzed to provide a basis for the hydrological model and sediment management of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By understanding the relationship between hydrology and river channel morphology in the middle reaches, the migration path of sediment in the middle reaches is evaluated, providing data support for sediment movement models and ecological protection. By studying the tidal impact and river network characteristics in the downstream area, the sediment deposition in the downstream is analyzed to provide a basis for water resources management and sediment transportation plans. Combine the sediment impact data of each region to predict sediment migration within the Yangtze River Basin, and provide early warning and decision-making support for overall river management and environmental protection. Simulation results and dynamic maps of river sediment migration are also provided to support decision makers in intelligent decision-making and operations in sediment management and risk assessment. Therefore, the present invention realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision-making support for sediment migration in rivers in the Yangtze River Basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, thereby improving the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present invention, reference Figure 1 The above is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing of the present invention. In this example, the method for intelligent prediction of river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S1: Acquire the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform basin regional division on the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin according to the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin are obtained through satellite remote sensing, drone aerial photography, and ground monitoring stations. These data should include information such as water quality, water quantity, meteorology, and vegetation coverage. The collected environmental monitoring data are cleaned, calibrated, and format converted to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. The acquired terrain data is used to generate a digital elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. Existing elevation data (such as SRTM, ASTER GDEM) can be used or higher-precision elevation data can be obtained through LiDAR technology. The terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin are extracted from the DEM through terrain analysis tools (such as ArcGIS and QGIS). These feature data include slope, slope direction, river network, watershed, etc. Based on DEM data, a watershed division algorithm (such as D8 algorithm and D-Infinity algorithm) is used to perform hydrological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin to determine the basin boundary. According to the terrain feature data and the elevation model, the Yangtze River Basin is divided into upstream, midstream, and downstream areas. The specific division method can refer to the standards of hydrogeology, for example: Upstream: generally refers to the section from the source of the Yangtze River to Yibin City, characterized by narrow river channels, fast flow, and steep riverbed slope. Midstream: the section from Yibin City to Hukou County, where the river channel is relatively flat, the water flow increases, and the sedimentation is obvious. Downstream: the section from Hukou County to the estuary, where the river channel is the widest, the water flow is slow, and the sedimentation is obvious. Save the division results in spatial data formats (such as Shapefile, GeoJSON), and generate the corresponding Yangtze River Basin regional division data layer.

[0084] Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches; evaluating the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches;

[0085] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing data according to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the location of existing meteorological stations in the area is determined. If the existing meteorological stations are insufficient or unevenly distributed, it may be considered to add mobile meteorological stations or use remote sensing technology to supplement the data. Collect various types of data from meteorological stations, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, air pressure, etc. The frequency of data collection should be determined according to research needs, which can be hours, days, months, etc. The collected data is stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. Using existing digital elevation model (DEM) data, SRTM, ASTER GDEM or high-resolution DEM data obtained by LiDAR technology can be used. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming language (such as Python combined with GDAL library) to analyze elevation data and generate geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The analysis content includes terrain profile, slope, slope direction, watershed divide, river longitudinal profile, etc. The meteorological data and geographic elevation information data are combined through the model to simulate the rainfall-runoff process. Use hydrological models (such as SWAT, HEC-RAS) or sediment transport models (such as SHETRAN, MIKE 21C) to simulate sediment transport. Simulate rainfall, runoff, erosion, sediment transport and deposition processes to assess the amount of river sediment transport. Analyze the impact of meteorological changes and topographic characteristics on sediment transport, and obtain the impact data of river sediment transport in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0086] Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generating the sediment transport impact data of the middle reaches of the river;

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing data according to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the location of the existing hydrological stations in the area is determined. If the existing hydrological stations are insufficient or unevenly distributed, it may be considered to add temporary hydrological stations or use mobile measurement equipment to supplement them. Collect data from each hydrological station, including flow, water level, flow velocity, temperature, suspended solids concentration, etc. The frequency of data collection should be determined according to research needs, which can be hours, days, months, etc. The collected data is stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure data quality and consistency. Detailed topographic data of the middle reaches of the river are generated using the Yangtze River Basin Elevation Model (DEM) data. Supplementary geological exploration data and remote sensing image data of the middle reaches of the river are obtained to further improve the river morphology information. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming language (such as Python combined with GDAL library) to perform river morphology analysis and generate river morphology data in the middle reaches. The analysis content includes river longitudinal section, cross section, river width, riverbed slope, curvature, cross-sectional morphology, etc. Combine the hydrological data of the mid-stream area with the river morphology data to simulate the movement path of sediment in the river. Use hydrodynamic models (such as MIKE 21C, HEC-RAS) or sediment transport models (such as SWAT, SEDTRAN) to simulate the movement path of sediment. Simulate the movement trajectory of sediment under different flow and hydrological conditions. Analyze the deposition, erosion, resuspension and migration process of sediment in the river. Based on the model simulation results, evaluate the impact of sediment transport on the morphology and water quality of the mid-stream river. Generate the impact data of sediment transport in the mid-stream area, including sediment transport path, deposition area, erosion area, etc.

[0088] Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and obtaining river network data of the downstream area; conducting regional sediment deposition impact assessment through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generating sediment deposition impact data of the downstream regional rivers;

[0089] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing data according to the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin, the location of the existing tidal observation sites in the area is determined. If the existing observation sites are insufficient or unevenly distributed, it may be considered to add temporary observation sites or use mobile observation equipment to supplement them. Collect data from each tidal observation site, including tide level, tidal range, tidal cycle, flow velocity, flow direction, etc. The frequency of data collection should be determined according to research needs, which can be hours, days, months, etc. The collected data is stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. Detailed terrain data of the downstream river channel is generated using the Yangtze River Basin Elevation Model (DEM) data. Supplementary geological exploration data and remote sensing image data in the downstream area are obtained to further improve the river network information. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming language (such as Python combined with GDAL library) to extract the river network and obtain the river network data in the downstream area. The analysis content includes the main river channel, tributaries, river channel width, riverbed slope, cross-sectional morphology, etc. Combine the tidal observation data and river network data of the downstream area to simulate the sediment deposition process in the river network. Use hydrodynamic models (such as MIKE 21C, HEC-RAS) or sediment deposition models (such as Delft3D, SWAT) to simulate sediment deposition. Simulate the movement trajectory of sediment under different tidal conditions. Analyze the deposition, erosion, resuspension and migration process of sediment in the river network. Based on the model simulation results, evaluate the impact of sediment deposition on the downstream river network morphology and water quality. Generate the sediment deposition impact data of the downstream river, including sediment deposition area, deposition thickness, deposition rate, etc.

[0090] Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in the upstream region, the data on sediment transport impact in the midstream region, and the data on sediment deposition impact in the downstream region to generate regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction for the Yangtze River Basin rivers based on the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data for the Yangtze River Basin rivers;

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, a real-time sediment monitoring system for the Yangtze River Basin is established, and sediment monitoring equipment such as ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), turbidity meter, etc. are deployed at different locations in the basin. The sediment distribution in the Yangtze River Basin is obtained by using satellite remote sensing technology (such as Landsat, Sentinel-2). Real-time sediment concentration, flow, velocity and other data are collected to ensure timely transmission and storage of data. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to achieve real-time upload and remote access of data. The real-time monitoring data is cleaned, calibrated and format converted to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. The sediment impact data of the upstream, midstream and downstream areas are integrated to build a comprehensive sediment impact database for the Yangtze River Basin. Spatial databases (such as PostGIS) and time series databases (such as TimescaleDB) are used to store and manage data to ensure efficient retrieval and analysis of data. Sediment data in different regions are standardized to ensure data consistency and comparability. The data is interpolated and resampled using a unified time and space resolution. Select appropriate sediment migration prediction models, such as physics-based hydrodynamic models (MIKE 21C, Delft3D) and data-driven machine learning models (such as random forests, neural networks). According to the specific conditions of the Yangtze River Basin, establish a sediment migration prediction model and input the integrated sediment impact data and real-time sediment distribution data. Use historical data and real-time data to calibrate and verify the model to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model. Evaluate the performance and stability of the model through cross-validation and sensitivity analysis. Use the calibrated model to predict sediment migration and generate predicted data for sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin in the future. Analyze the sediment migration path and deposition under different scenarios (such as different rainfall, flow changes, etc.). Display the prediction results in the form of maps, charts and reports to generate sediment migration prediction data for rivers in the Yangtze River Basin. Provide scientific basis and decision-making support for water resources management, sediment regulation and ecological protection in the Yangtze River Basin.

[0092] Step S6: Simulate river sediment migration based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map to generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, by selecting an appropriate sediment migration simulation model, such as MIKE 21C, Delft3D, SWAT, etc., set model parameters (such as riverbed material, flow, sediment characteristics, etc.) according to the geographical, meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the Yangtze River Basin. Use the sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin integrated in the early stage as the model input data. Including real-time sediment distribution data, flow data, meteorological data and terrain data, etc. Run the sediment migration simulation model to generate sediment migration simulation data of different time steps. Calibrate and verify the simulation results to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation data. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or visualization tools (such as Tableau, D3.js) to visualize the sediment migration simulation data. Generate a dynamic map to show the temporal and spatial changes of sediment migration, including sediment concentration, deposition area, erosion area, etc. Increase the interactive function of the map, allowing users to select different time points and areas for detailed viewing. Add legends, labels and annotations so that users can understand the content of the map. Based on the dynamic map of sediment migration, a sediment migration risk assessment model is constructed. Consider the impact of sediment deposition on waterways, levees, ports and the ecological environment, and assess the risk of sediment migration. Develop a sediment migration risk decision support system that integrates simulation results, dynamic maps and risk assessment models. The system should have automated analysis, report generation and risk warning functions. Generate a sediment migration risk decision report based on the risk assessment results. The report should include risk assessment results, recommended measures, emergency plans and other content to provide management departments with a scientific basis for decision-making. Integrate the sediment migration risk decision support system into the watershed management platform to support real-time monitoring and early warning. According to the forecast results, timely adjust the sediment management strategy and take emergency measures (such as dredging, levee reinforcement, etc.). Execute the intelligent decision-making operations provided by the decision support system and conduct on-site monitoring and adjustments. Collect feedback data, evaluate the decision-making effect, and optimize the decision support system.

[0094] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0095] Step S11: using multi-source remote sensing technology to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0096] Step S12: preprocessing the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization;

[0097] Step S13: Perform basin elevation modeling based on standard Yangtze River basin environmental monitoring data to generate a Yangtze River basin elevation model;

[0098] Step S14: Performing topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin; dividing the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into different basins based on the terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present invention, multi-source remote sensing data is used, including satellite remote sensing (such as Landsat, Sentinel-2, MODIS), aerial remote sensing (such as drone LiDAR) and ground observation data. Appropriate bands and time resolutions are selected to cover the entire Yangtze River Basin. Remote sensing images are obtained from public data sources (such as NASA, ESA) or commercial data providers. Regular aerial remote sensing and ground monitoring are arranged to ensure the continuity and real-time nature of the data. Image processing software (such as ENVI, ERDAS IMAGINE) is used to remove noise, perform radiation correction and geometric correction on remote sensing data. Check the integrity of the data and remove images with cloud cover or other interference. Interpolation algorithms (such as inverse distance weighting, Kriging interpolation) are used to fill in missing data. For time series data, time interpolation or resampling methods are used to fill missing values. Data from different sources and in different formats are uniformly converted to ensure data consistency. Standardization methods (such as z-score standardization and minimum-maximum standardization) are used to process data to make it suitable for subsequent analysis. Using standardized remote sensing data, digital elevation model (DEM) generation tools (such as DEM tools in ArcGIS and QGIS) are used to generate an elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. Ensure that the spatial resolution and accuracy of the model meet the research requirements. Use known elevation points or other high-precision elevation data to calibrate and verify the generated DEM. Evaluate the accuracy of the model through statistical analysis (such as RMSE, MAE). Use GIS analysis tools to extract terrain feature data, including slope, aspect, terrain relief, etc. Detailed analysis of the main terrain units such as river channels, mountains, and plains in the Yangtze River Basin. Combined with geological exploration data and geological maps, the geological structure of the Yangtze River Basin is analyzed. Identify major geological units, faults, lithology and other features. Based on terrain feature data and elevation models, the Yangtze River Basin is divided into upstream, middle and downstream areas using watershed analysis or basin segmentation algorithms. Output vector data containing the division of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. Ensure the accuracy and consistency of the regional division data to provide a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0100] Preferably, step S14 comprises the following steps:

[0101] Step S141: extracting terrain features from the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0102] Step S142: Performing geological structure analysis on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0103] Step S143: extracting the watershed of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model through the Yangtze River Basin geological structure data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin watershed data; confirming the regional boundary of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the Yangtze River Basin watershed data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin regional boundary data;

[0104] Step S144: Use the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to partition the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present invention, the elevation model (DEM) of the Yangtze River Basin is analyzed by using a geographic information system (GIS) tool (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) to extract terrain feature data. Generate terrain feature data such as slope, slope aspect, terrain relief, and river network. The extracted terrain feature data is stored in vector or raster data format for subsequent analysis and processing. Collect geological maps and geological exploration data of the Yangtze River Basin, including information such as faults, geological structures, and lithology. Integrate multi-source geological data to build a complete geological database of the Yangtze River Basin. Use GIS software in combination with terrain feature data to perform geological structure analysis on the Yangtze River Basin. Generate geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin, including information such as major geological units, fault distribution, and lithology changes. Use GIS tools (such as the Watershed tool in ArcGIS) to extract watersheds from the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. Input geological structure data to improve the accuracy of watershed extraction and obtain watershed data of the Yangtze River Basin. Based on the watershed data, confirm and refine the regional boundaries of the Yangtze River Basin. Use GIS tools to draw and store regional boundary data to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. Combine terrain feature data and regional boundary data to perform detailed regional division of the Yangtze River Basin. Use partitioning algorithms (such as hierarchical clustering, regional growth, etc.) to divide the Yangtze River Basin into upstream, midstream and downstream regions based on terrain and geological features. Output regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, including specific boundary and attribute information of the upstream, midstream and downstream. Store regional division data to ensure its visualization and operability.

[0106] As an example of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 As shown, in this example, step S2 includes:

[0107] Step S21: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0108] Step S22: Analyze the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate the geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; calculate the upper reaches of the geographic elevation information data to obtain the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0109] Step S23: performing upstream rainfall time series analysis on the meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; performing rainfall averaging on the rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate average rainfall data of the upper reaches;

[0110] Step S24: According to the preset hydrological model, the upstream area average rainfall data is used to simulate the upstream area runoff to generate the upstream area runoff simulation data; based on the upstream area runoff simulation data, the upstream terrain drop data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to evaluate the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers to obtain the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing the data according to the region of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, meteorological stations covering the upper reaches are selected, including fixed meteorological stations of the National Meteorological Administration and automatic meteorological stations in the basin. Meteorological data of meteorological stations are collected, including rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. Quality control and calibration of meteorological station data are performed to ensure data accuracy. The processed meteorological data is stored in a unified database with a unified format for subsequent analysis. The Yangtze River Basin elevation model is used to perform detailed geographic elevation information analysis on the upper reaches. The elevation data of the upper reaches are extracted to generate an elevation distribution map. GIS analysis tools (such as the Spatial Analyst tool in ArcGIS) are used to calculate the terrain drop in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The terrain drop data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are generated, including the drop of the main river channel and the elevation difference of the local area. The rainfall data of the meteorological stations in the upper reaches are sorted in time series to form rainfall data sequences of days, months, seasons, and years. Statistical analysis software (such as pandas, numpy, etc. libraries in Python) is used to perform rainfall time series analysis to generate a time series change diagram of rainfall. Perform mean processing on the rainfall time series data in the upstream area and calculate the average rainfall in different periods. Generate average rainfall data in the upstream area, including daily average rainfall, monthly average rainfall, annual average rainfall, etc. Select a hydrological model suitable for the upstream area (such as SWAT, HEC-HMS, etc.) and input the average rainfall data in the upstream area. Run the hydrological model to simulate the runoff process in the upstream area and generate runoff simulation data in the upstream area. Combine the runoff simulation data and terrain drop data in the upstream area to evaluate the amount of sediment transport. Use sediment transport models (such as RUSLE, USPED, etc.) to evaluate the impact of rainfall and terrain drop on river sediment transport. Generate data on the impact of river sediment transport in the upstream area and provide information on the spatial distribution and amount of sediment transport.

[0112] As an example of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 As shown, in this example, step S3 includes:

[0113] Step S31: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0114] Step S32: performing a midstream river channel morphology analysis on the midstream of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin, wherein the river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin includes midstream river channel width data, midstream river channel depth data, and midstream river channel curvature data;

[0115] Step S33: Calculate the water storage capacity of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river; compare the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river with the preset standard water storage threshold of the river; when the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river is greater than or equal to the preset standard water storage threshold of the river, mark the first water period based on the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river to generate the flood period of the middle reaches of the river;

[0116] Step S34: when the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches is less than the preset standard river channel water storage threshold, the second water period is marked based on the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the dry season of the river channel in the middle reaches; the sediment transport data of the river channel width, the river channel depth and the river channel curvature data in the middle reaches are respectively analyzed according to the dry season and the flood season of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period;

[0117] Step S35: Fitting the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period to the sediment movement path to generate the sediment transport impact data of the river in the middle reaches.

[0118] In an embodiment of the present invention, by selecting appropriate hydrological stations and monitoring points according to the regional division data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the hydrological data of the middle reaches area is obtained. The data includes monitoring data on water level, flow, water quality, etc. The collected hydrological data is quality controlled and processed to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The processed hydrological data is stored in a database for subsequent analysis and application. The morphology of the middle reaches of the river is analyzed in detail using the Yangtze River Basin elevation model. Including the extraction and calculation of important parameters such as the width, depth and curvature of the river. The morphological data of the middle reaches of the river is generated to ensure the spatial distribution of the data and the accuracy of the geographic information. The river morphological data is stored in the vector or raster data format of the geographic information system (GIS) to facilitate subsequent sediment transport analysis. Based on the hydrological data, the water storage capacity of the middle reaches of the river is calculated, considering the relationship between the water level and the cross section of the river. The accuracy and reliability of the water storage data are determined. The calculated water storage data of the middle reaches of the river is compared with the preset standard river storage threshold. When the water storage data is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is marked as the first water period (flood period); when the water storage data is less than the threshold, it is marked as the second water period (dry season). The sediment transport analysis is conducted using the morphological data such as the width, depth and curvature of the middle reaches of the river channel, combined with the hydrological conditions of the flood period. The characteristics of sediment movement during the flood period are analyzed, including the suspension and bottom accumulation movement of sediment. The sediment transport during the dry season is analyzed based on the hydrological conditions and river channel morphological data during the dry season. The impact of low flow during the dry season on sediment movement is considered. The sediment transport data of the first and second water periods are path-fitted and integrated. Combined with the river channel morphological data and hydrological conditions, the sediment transport impact data of the middle reaches of the river is generated.

[0119] As an example of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 As shown, in this example, step S4 includes:

[0120] Step S41: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin;

[0121] Step S42: extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain the downstream regional river network data; calculating the cell river network density of the downstream regional river network data to obtain the downstream regional river network density map;

[0122] Step S43: Calculating the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin by using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula on the downstream area river network density map to obtain the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin;

[0123] Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, the downstream area ocean current simulation data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to generate the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; the regional sediment deposition impact assessment is performed on the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the river channel bifurcation index of the Yangtze River Basin, and the downstream area river sediment deposition impact data is generated.

[0124] In an embodiment of the present invention, appropriate tidal observation sites are selected by dividing data according to the regions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. Tidal-related data, including tidal height, tidal level, tidal velocity and other data, are obtained. Quality control and calibration are performed on the collected tidal data. The accuracy and completeness of the data are ensured, and the existing outliers and missing data are processed. The river network in the downstream area is extracted using the Yangtze River Basin elevation model and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The location and morphology of the main river channels and tributaries are determined. According to the extracted river network data, the river network density in the downstream area is calculated. The river network density can be evaluated by calculating the length of the river channel or the number of river channels per unit area to evaluate the density of the river network. The river channel bifurcation index in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin is calculated using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula in combination with the river network density map. The bifurcation index reflects the complexity of the branching and intersection of the river channel in a specific area, and is one of the important influencing factors of sediment transport and deposition. Based on the tidal observation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, an ocean dynamics model (such as ADCIRC, ROMS, etc.) is used to simulate the ocean currents in the downstream area. The simulation considers the impact of tides and other environmental factors on ocean currents and generates detailed ocean current simulation data. The river bifurcation index and ocean current simulation data are used to assess the impact of sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The impact of river bifurcation on sediment transport paths is analyzed to predict the distribution and accumulation of river sediments in the lower reaches.

[0125] Preferably, the calculation formula of the river branching index in step S43 is as follows: ,

[0126] In the formula, It is expressed as the river branching index, It is the length of the river end point, Expressed as the number of river channel features, Expressed as The weight of each river feature, Expressed as The attenuation coefficient of a river channel feature, Expressed as The location of a channel feature on the river channel, is represented by the position on the river channel, Expressed as the river position The contribution coefficient varies with the change of Expressed as the variance of the normal distribution.

[0127] The present invention analyzes and integrates a river branching index calculation formula. The principle of the formula is to integrate and accumulate the characteristic values ​​of the river from the starting point to the end point, reflecting the diversity and spatial distribution of the river branches. Indicates from the starting point 0 to the end point of the river The integral of accumulating the contribution of the characteristic values ​​at each location on the river to the bifurcation index can capture the distribution of branches and distributaries over the entire length of the river and provide a global assessment. The summation term in the formula Indicates that all The sum of all characteristics, including river width, depth, flow rate, etc., ensures that all important river characteristics are considered in the assessment and their contributions are considered comprehensively. Represents each feature The weight of the feature can be adjusted to adjust its importance in the calculation of the bifurcation index. By adjusting the weight, the influence of specific features on the bifurcation index can be highlighted or weakened, making the evaluation more in line with the actual situation. The Gaussian function in the formula Can measure river characteristics With current location The position variable in the formula and , represents the integration variable, i.e. the position on the river channel, which is used to integrate the eigenvalue over the entire length of the river channel. is the location or measurement of a particular feature on the river channel, relative to the current position For comparison. Weight function Following the river location It changes with the change of , and is used to adjust the contribution of different positions to the bifurcation index during the integration process. It can capture the spatial distribution changes of river characteristics at different positions and improve the precision and accuracy of the assessment. The normalization constant in the formula Ensure the normalization of the similarity calculation results so that they conform to the normal distribution. Provide a stable bifurcation index calculation result, reducing the deviation in the calculation process. When using the conventional river channel bifurcation index calculation formula in the field, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be obtained. By applying the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula provided by the present invention, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be calculated more accurately. The formula takes into account multiple river channel characteristics and their distribution in space, comprehensively evaluates the degree of bifurcation of the river channel, and provides a comprehensive structural description. Through Gaussian functions and integral terms, the spatial distribution of river channel characteristics at different locations is effectively captured, reflecting the complexity of branches and bifurcations. By adjusting the weights and attenuation coefficients, it adapts to rivers of different types and characteristics, making the evaluation more adaptable and practical. The use of normalization constants and weight functions ensures the stability and accuracy of the evaluation results and reduces the interference of external factors on the evaluation.

[0128] Preferably, step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0129] Step S51: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin;

[0130] Step S52: Integrate the data on the impact of river sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on the impact of river sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on the impact of river sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0131] Step S53: dividing the data set of sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin into a model training set and a model test set; training the model training set using a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model;

[0132] Step S54: Use the model test set to iterate the model test of the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model, so as to generate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the sediment migration of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin, and generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

[0133] In an embodiment of the present invention, real-time sediment concentration, sediment movement speed and other related data are obtained from monitoring stations and remote sensing data at key points in the Yangtze River Basin. Ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data to support subsequent model training and prediction. Integrate the upstream river sediment migration impact data, midstream river sediment transport impact data and downstream river sediment deposition impact data obtained in steps S21, S31 and S41. To ensure the consistency and integrity between the data, data format conversion and unified standardization are required. The integrated sediment impact data is divided into a model training set and a model test set. Typical division methods include random division or division by time series to ensure the generalization ability of the model on unseen data. The model training set is trained using the long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) algorithm in deep learning. LSTM is suitable for processing time series data and can capture the complex relationship and dynamic changes of sediment in different regions of the Yangtze River Basin. Use the model test set to test and iteratively optimize the trained LSTM model. Adjust the model parameters and structure to improve the prediction accuracy and generalization ability of the model. Import the real-time sediment distribution data into the trained LSTM model to predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin. Generate the sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin, including information such as sediment concentration changes, movement speed and deposition amount.

[0134] Preferably, step S6 comprises the following steps:

[0135] Step S61: Perform river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data, wherein the river sediment migration simulation data includes sediment movement trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data;

[0136] Step S62: using a GIS platform to perform GIS integration on the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data to generate sediment simulation spatial data;

[0137] Step S63: Visualize the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0138] In the embodiment of the present invention, the predicted data of sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin generated by step S5 is used as input. The data includes information such as sediment concentration, sediment movement speed, and sedimentation process. Based on the predicted data, a numerical model (such as a numerical river dynamics model and a sediment transport model) is used to simulate the migration of river sediment. Generate sediment movement trajectory simulation data to describe the movement path of sediment in different time and space. Generate sediment deposition process data to record the deposition amount and distribution of sediment in the river channel and estuary. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) to integrate and process the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the deposition process data. Combine the simulation data with geographic spatial information (such as river network, topography, and land use) to create spatial data for sediment simulation. The integrated sediment simulation spatial data is made into a dynamic map of river sediment migration. The map can display information such as sediment movement path, deposition distribution, and potential risk areas. Based on the dynamic map and simulation results, risk assessment and decision making for river sediment migration are carried out. Analyze the impact of sediment deposition on rivers and surrounding areas, and evaluate environmental and engineering risks. Generate a river sediment migration risk decision report, including simulation results, risk assessment, recommended management measures and emergency response plans, etc. The report provides decision support for decision makers and managers to help formulate effective river sediment management strategies and measures.

[0139] In this specification, a river sediment migration intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing is provided, which is used to execute the above-mentioned river sediment migration intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing. The river sediment migration intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing includes:

[0140] The regional division module is used to obtain the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into basin regions based on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0141] The upstream impact analysis module is used to collect meteorological station data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain meteorological data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the geographic elevation information of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and generate geographic elevation information data in the upstream area; evaluate the amount of river sediment migration in the upstream area through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain the impact data of river sediment migration in the upstream area;

[0142] The midstream impact analysis module is used to collect hydrological information of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to analyze the morphology of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generate the morphological data of the river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to fit the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river channel morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generate the sediment transport impact data of the rivers in the middle reaches;

[0143] The downstream impact analysis module is used to collect downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin; extract the downstream river network of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and obtain the downstream regional river network data; evaluate the regional sediment deposition impact through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generate the downstream regional river sediment deposition impact data;

[0144] The sediment prediction module is used to obtain real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; and predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate the sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin.

[0145] The simulation decision-making module is used to simulate river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin and generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data and generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0146] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin, topographic and geological analysis is performed, topographic feature data is generated, and the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are divided. Basic data of different topographic features in the basin are provided, laying the foundation for subsequent analysis and prediction. Meteorological data and geographic elevation information of the upstream area are collected to evaluate the amount of river sediment migration. Data support is provided for understanding the contribution of the upstream area to the river sediment load, which is helpful for predicting and managing the sediment movement of the upstream river. Hydrological data and river channel morphology data of the middle reaches are collected to fit the sediment movement path. It helps to understand the role and influence of the middle reaches of the river in the process of sediment transportation, and provides an important basis for comprehensive basin management. Tidal observation data and river network data of the downstream area are obtained to evaluate the sedimentation impact of river sediment. Data support is provided for understanding the sedimentation characteristics of downstream rivers and their influencing factors, which is helpful for river management and the formulation of sediment treatment strategies. The above-mentioned impact data are integrated to generate sediment impact data, and sediment migration prediction of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin is carried out. It provides a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the sediment movement mechanism of the Yangtze River Basin and provides predictive support for river sediment management decisions. Based on the predicted data, sediment migration simulation is carried out, dynamic maps are generated, and risk decision reports are made. Through visualization and reporting, decision makers are helped to understand the dynamic process and potential risks of river sediment migration, and intelligent decision-making and emergency response are supported. Therefore, the present invention realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision-making support for river sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, and improves the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration.

[0147] Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive from all points, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is therefore intended that all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the application documents are included in the present invention.

[0148] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Acquire the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data; perform topographic geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate Yangtze River Basin terrain feature data; According to the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin elevation model is divided into basin regions to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches; evaluating the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the rivers in the upper reaches; Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generating river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generating the sediment transport impact data of the middle reaches of the river; Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and obtaining river network data of the downstream area; conducting regional sediment deposition impact assessment through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generating sediment deposition impact data of the downstream regional rivers; Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in the upstream region, the data on sediment transport impact in the midstream region, and the data on sediment deposition impact in the downstream region to generate regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction in the Yangtze River Basin on the sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin; Step S6: Simulate river sediment migration based on the prediction data of river sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; Based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed, and a river sediment migration risk decision report is generated to execute intelligent decision-making operations for river sediment migration prediction.

2. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: using multi-source remote sensing technology to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S12: preprocessing the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization; Step S13: Perform basin elevation modeling based on standard Yangtze River basin environmental monitoring data to generate a Yangtze River basin elevation model; Step S14: Performing topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin; dividing the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into different basins based on the terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data for the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

3. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S14 includes the following steps: Step S141: extracting terrain features from the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S142: Performing geological structure analysis on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S143: extracting the watershed of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model through the Yangtze River Basin geological structure data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin watershed data; confirming the regional boundary of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the Yangtze River Basin watershed data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin regional boundary data; Step S144: Use the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to partition the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

4. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: Step S21: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S22: Analyze the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate the geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; calculate the upper reaches of the geographic elevation information data to obtain the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. Step S23: performing upstream rainfall time series analysis on the meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; performing rainfall averaging on the rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate average rainfall data of the upper reaches; Step S24: According to the preset hydrological model, the upstream area average rainfall data is used to simulate the upstream area runoff to generate the upstream area runoff simulation data; based on the upstream area runoff simulation data, the upstream terrain drop data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to evaluate the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers to obtain the impact data of the amount of sediment migration in the upstream area rivers.

5. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S32: performing a midstream river channel morphology analysis on the midstream of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin, wherein the river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin includes midstream river channel width data, midstream river channel depth data, and midstream river channel curvature data; Step S33: Calculate the water storage capacity of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river; compare the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river with the preset standard water storage threshold of the river; when the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river is greater than or equal to the preset standard water storage threshold of the river, mark the first water period based on the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river to generate the flood period of the middle reaches of the river; Step S34: when the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches is less than the preset standard river channel water storage threshold, the second water period is marked based on the water storage data of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the dry season of the river channel in the middle reaches; the sediment transport data of the river channel width, the river channel depth and the river channel curvature data in the middle reaches are respectively analyzed according to the dry season and the flood season of the river channel in the middle reaches to generate the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period; Step S35: Fitting the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period to the sediment movement path to generate the sediment transport impact data of the river in the middle reaches.

6. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: collecting downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin; Step S42: extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain the downstream regional river network data; calculating the cell river network density of the downstream regional river network data to obtain the downstream regional river network density map; Step S43: Calculating the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin by using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula on the downstream area river network density map to obtain the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin; Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, the downstream area ocean current simulation data of the Yangtze River Basin is used to generate the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; the regional sediment deposition impact assessment is performed on the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the river channel bifurcation index of the Yangtze River Basin, and the downstream area river sediment deposition impact data is generated.

7. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the river branching index in step S43 is as follows: ， In the formula, It is expressed as the river branching index, It is the length of the river end point, Expressed as the number of river channel features, Expressed as The weight of each river feature, Expressed as The attenuation coefficient of a river channel feature, Expressed as The location of a channel feature on the river channel, is represented by the position on the river channel, Expressed as the river position The contribution coefficient varies with the change of Expressed as the variance of the normal distribution.

8. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S51: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin; Step S52: Integrate the data on the impact of river sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on the impact of river sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on the impact of river sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S53: dividing the data set of sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin into a model training set and a model test set; training the model training set using a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model; Step S54: Use the model test set to iterate the model test of the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model, so as to generate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the sediment migration of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin, and generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

9. The multi-source remote sensing river sediment migration intelligent prediction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S6 includes the following steps: Step S61: Perform river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data, wherein the river sediment migration simulation data includes sediment movement trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data; Step S62: using a GIS platform to perform GIS integration on the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data to generate sediment simulation spatial data; Step S63: Visualize the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

10. An intelligent prediction system for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing, characterized in that: Used to execute the river sediment migration intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, the river sediment migration intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing comprises: The regional division module is used to obtain the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into basin regions based on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; The upstream impact analysis module is used to collect meteorological station data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain meteorological data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the geographic elevation information of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, and generate geographic elevation information data in the upstream area; evaluate the amount of river sediment migration in the upstream area through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin, and obtain the impact data of river sediment migration in the upstream area; The midstream impact analysis module is used to collect hydrological information of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to analyze the morphology of the midstream river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generate the morphological data of the river channels in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; to fit the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river channel morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generate the sediment transport impact data of the rivers in the middle reaches; The downstream impact analysis module is used to collect downstream river tidal data of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin; extract the downstream river network of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and obtain the downstream regional river network data; evaluate the regional sediment deposition impact through the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River basin and the downstream regional river network data, and generate the downstream regional river sediment deposition impact data; The sediment prediction module is used to obtain real-time sediment distribution data in the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration in the upstream area, the data on sediment transport in the midstream area, and the data on sediment deposition in the downstream area to generate the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin; and predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data in the Yangtze River Basin to generate the sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin. The simulation decision-making module is used to simulate river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data in the Yangtze River Basin and generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data and generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decisions based on the river sediment migration dynamic map and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

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