Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly comprises a feed source, a radiation branch knot, a parasitic branch knot and a grounding matching unit. The radiation branch knot is connected with the feed source and is used for generating a first radiation current under excitation of the feed source. The parasitic branch knot is coupled with the radiation branch knot, the parasitic branch knot comprises a grounding point, the feed source is used for exciting the parasitic branch knot through coupling of the radiation branch knot to enable the parasitic branch knot to generate second radiation current, and the parasitic branch knot and the radiation branch knot are matched to support receiving and transmitting of electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band. The grounding matching unit is connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch knot and the ground and comprises a plurality of connection states, and when the grounding matching unit is in different connection states, the phases of the second radiation current are different and have different phase relations with the phases of the first radiation current, so that the wave beam directions of the electromagnetic wave signals are different. The invention further provides electronic equipment. According to the invention, the beam direction of the antenna assembly can be adjusted according to needs, and requirements in various scenes can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device having the antenna assembly. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the popularization of 5G antennas, the number of antennas included in electronic devices is increasing. However, due to the gradual popularization of full-screen and curved screens, the clearance space left for antennas is decreasing. At present, the beam direction of mobile phone antennas, that is, the antenna pattern, is generally fixed after design. Therefore, in some scenarios, the beam direction of mobile phone antennas will not match the optimal direction, resulting in a decrease in communication performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device to solve the above problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna assembly is provided, comprising a feed source, a radiating branch, a parasitic branch, and a ground matching unit. The radiating branch comprises a feed point, the feed point is connected to the feed source, and the radiating branch is used to generate a first radiation current under the excitation of the feed source. The parasitic branch is adjacent to the radiating branch and is arranged at intervals, the parasitic branch comprises a ground point, the parasitic branch is coupled to the radiating branch, and the feed source is used to excite the parasitic branch through the radiating branch coupling so that the parasitic branch generates a second radiation current, and the parasitic branch and the radiating branch cooperate to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band. The ground matching unit is connected between the ground point of the parasitic branch and the ground, and the ground matching unit includes a plurality of connection states, wherein when the ground matching unit is in different connection states, the phase of the second radiation current is different and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is different.

[0005] In a second aspect, an electronic device is also provided, the electronic device comprising an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly comprises a feed source, a radiating branch, a parasitic branch and a ground matching unit. The radiating branch comprises a feed point, the feed point is connected to the feed source, and the radiating branch is used to generate a first radiation current under the excitation of the feed source. The parasitic branch is adjacent to the radiating branch and is arranged at intervals, the parasitic branch comprises a ground point, the parasitic branch is coupled to the radiating branch, and the feed source is used to excite the parasitic branch through the radiating branch coupling so that the parasitic branch generates a second radiation current, and the parasitic branch and the radiating branch cooperate to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band. The ground matching unit is connected between the ground point of the parasitic branch and the ground, and the ground matching unit comprises a plurality of connection states, wherein when the ground matching unit is in different connection states, the phase of the second radiation current is different and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is different.

[0006] The antenna assembly and electronic device of the present application can change the phase of the second radiation current of the parasitic branch by changing the connection state of the ground matching unit connected between the ground point of the parasitic branch and the ground, thereby changing the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal, and can adjust the beam direction of the antenna assembly as needed to meet the needs in various scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology will be described below.

[0008] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly in one embodiment of the present application.

[0009] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure and current distribution of an antenna assembly in one embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Figure 3 It is a more specific structural diagram of the antenna assembly in one embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is another more specific structural diagram of an antenna assembly in an embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Figure 5 It is another more specific structural schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in one embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 6 This is another more specific structural schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in some embodiments of the present application.

[0014] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of another structure and current distribution of an antenna assembly in some embodiments of the present application.

[0015] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0016] Fig. 9 It is a schematic plan view of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0017] Fig.10 An antenna pattern of an antenna assembly of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Fig.11 Another antenna pattern of the antenna assembly of the electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0019] Fig.12 This is another antenna pattern of an antenna assembly of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the return loss of an antenna assembly of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0021] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of an antenna assembly of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0022] Fig.15 A more specific structural block diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "thickness", "width", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than implying or indicating that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The term "connection" in this application includes the meanings of physical structural connection, electrical connection, direct connection or indirect connection, and can be determined specifically according to the required connection situation. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are not specific, but are used to distinguish objects with the same name. If there is a description in the specification, the objects with the same name referred to by the terms "first", "second", etc. may be the same objects.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna assembly 1 in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the antenna assembly 1 includes a feed source 11, a radiation branch 12, a parasitic branch 13 and a ground matching unit 14. The radiation branch 12 includes a feed point F1, and the feed point F1 is connected to the feed source 11. The radiation branch 12 is used to generate a first radiation current under the excitation of the feed source 11. The parasitic branch 13 is adjacent to the radiation branch 12 and is arranged at an interval. The parasitic branch 13 includes a grounding point G1. The parasitic branch 13 is coupled with the radiation branch 12. The feed source 11 is used to excite the parasitic branch 13 through the radiation branch 12 so that the parasitic branch 13 generates a second radiation current. The parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 cooperate to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band. The ground matching unit 14 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, and the ground matching unit 14 includes several connection states. When the ground matching unit 14 is in different connection states, the phase of the second radiation current is different and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, thereby making the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal different.

[0026] Thus, the antenna component 1 in the present application changes the phase of the second radiation current of the parasitic branch 13 by changing the connection state of the ground matching unit 14 connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, and changes the phase relationship between the phase of the first radiation current and the phase of the first radiation current, thereby being able to change the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal, and being able to adjust the beam direction of the antenna component 1 as needed to meet the needs in various scenarios.

[0027] Among them, in this application, the beam direction refers to the direction of the main lobe of the electromagnetic wave signal, that is, the main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 1. Generally speaking, the closer the beam direction is to the optimal direction of the antenna assembly 1 (for example, the direction pointing to the base station or router, or the direction with the best signal quality), the better the antenna radiation performance. Therefore, by adjusting the beam direction of the antenna assembly 1, the matching degree between the beam direction of the antenna assembly 1 and the optimal direction can be adjusted to change the antenna radiation performance. Therefore, the beam direction of the antenna assembly 1 can be adjusted as needed to be as close to the optimal direction as possible, thereby improving the antenna radiation performance.

[0028] Please also read Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the structure and current distribution of the antenna assembly 1 in an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the number of the parasitic branch 13 and the number of the ground matching unit 14 are one respectively. The radiation branch 12 includes a first end D1 and a second end D2 opposite to each other, and the parasitic branch 13 includes a third end D3 and a fourth end D4 opposite to each other. The first end D1 of the radiation branch 12 and the third end D3 of the parasitic branch are open ends, and are adjacent and spaced apart. The electrical length of the target branch part Z1 between the third end D3 of the parasitic branch 13 and the grounding point G1 is equal to the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, both of which are λ / 4, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the preset frequency band, the first radiation current and the second radiation current have the same direction, and the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 work together in a radiation mode to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals of the preset frequency band.

[0029] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the first radiation current i1 generated by the radiation branch 12 under the excitation of the feed source 11 is in the direction from the second end D2 to the first end D1 of the radiation branch 12, and the feed source 11 couples and excites the parasitic branch 13 through the radiation branch 12 so that the direction of the second radiation current i2 generated by the parasitic branch 13 is in the direction from the third end D3 to the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13. Since the first end D1 of the radiation branch 12 and the third end D3 of the parasitic branch are adjacent and spaced apart, and the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12 and the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch are relatively far apart, the direction from the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12 to the first end D1 is substantially the same as the direction from the third end D3 of the parasitic branch 13 to the fourth end D4, so that the directions of the first radiation current i1 and the second radiation current i2 are substantially the same.

[0030] Among them, for two branches arranged at intervals, when the directions of the currents generated by the two branches after being excited are roughly the same, the radiation mode can be effectively excited, that is, the conditions for working in the radiation mode are met at this time. Therefore, in the present application, the directions of the first radiation current i1 and the second radiation current i2 are roughly the same, and the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 work together in the radiation mode to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band.

[0031] Among them, in the present application, "A" and "B" are adjacent and spaced apart, which means that the distance between "A" and "B" is less than a preset distance, such as 1 cm, and they are spaced apart from each other.

[0032] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the second radiation current i2 is mainly distributed in the target branch part Z1 between the third end D3 of the parasitic branch 13 and the grounding point G1. The parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 cooperate to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band, which mainly refers to the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 cooperate to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band. That is, as mentioned above, the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 work together in the radiation mode to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band. Among them, since the electrical lengths of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 are equal, both are λ / 4, that is, both are one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the preset frequency band, they can both resonate in the preset frequency band, thereby realizing double resonance and effectively improving the antenna radiation performance.

[0033] In some embodiments, when the ground matching unit 14 is in different connection states, the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is different, so that the phase of the second radiation current i2 is different, and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, thereby making the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal different.

[0034] That is, in some embodiments, when the ground matching unit 14 is in different connection states, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 can be changed, so that the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is different, so that the phase of the second radiation current i2 can be changed to a different phase, and because the electrical length of the radiation branch 12 remains unchanged, therefore, under normal circumstances, the first radiation current i1 generated by the radiation branch 12 under the excitation of the feed source 11 remains unchanged, so the phase relationship between the phase of the second radiation current i2 and the phase of the first radiation current will be different with the difference of the phase of the second radiation current i2. Thus, when the phase of the second radiation current i2 is changed to a different phase, the phase of the second radiation current i2 and the phase of the first radiation current present a different phase relationship, thereby making the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal different.

[0035] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the electrical lengths of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 are originally equal, and the ground matching unit 14 is in different connection states, which can change or maintain the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13, so that the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is different from or remains the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12. When the electrical lengths of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the radiation branch 12 are equal, the first radiation current i1 generated by the radiation branch 12 under the excitation of the feed source 11 conducts one wavelength on the radiation branch 12, and the second radiation current i2 generated by the feed source 11 through the radiation branch 12 coupling excitation of the parasitic branch 13 is also conducted on the target branch portion Z1, so the phases are equal. When the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 changes, for example, increases or decreases, this will cause the conducted second radiation current i2 to be greater than or equal to a wavelength, and the phase will change.

[0036] Thus, in some embodiments, when the phase of the second radiation current is different, it presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, and the phase relationship includes different phases and equal phases, wherein the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction when the phase relationship is the same phase, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates from the preset beam direction to the radiation branch 12 or parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lagging radiation current is located when the phase relationship is the different phases.

[0037] That is, in some embodiments, when the phase of the second radiation current is the same as the phase of the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the original beam direction of the antenna assembly 1, for example, it can be the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal of a preset frequency band generated by the radiation branch 12 under the excitation of the feed source 11. When the phase of the second radiation current is different from the phase of the first radiation current, it will deviate from the preset beam direction to the radiation branch 12 or parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lagging radiation current is located, so that the beam direction can be adjusted.

[0038] Among them, through experiments and simulations, it is found that Figure 1-Figure 2 Under the structure shown in the figure, when the phase of the second radiation current is different from the phase of the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will deviate from the preset beam direction to the radiation branch 12 or parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lagging radiation current is located. For example, when the phase of the first radiation current lags behind the phase of the second radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will deviate from the preset beam direction to the first radiation branch 12; when the phase of the second radiation current lags behind the phase of the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will deviate from the preset beam direction to the parasitic branch 13.

[0039] In some embodiments, the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are in the shape of straight strips, and the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 extend in the same direction, and the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13. The extending direction of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 may be the length direction of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13, that is, the extending direction of the longest side of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13. That is, Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are roughly arranged in a straight line.

[0040] Among them, in the present application, the extension directions of A and B are the same, which is not the same in a strict sense, but can be approximately the same. For example, the angle between the extension directions of A and B can be considered the same within a preset angle range (for example, -15° to 15°).

[0041] In some embodiments, the preset beam direction may be a direction substantially perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 , that is, a direction substantially perpendicular to the length direction of the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 .

[0042] The electrical length of the radiation branch 12 is substantially equal to the length of the radiation branch 12, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 is substantially equal to the length of the parasitic branch 13 when not adjusted / changed by the ground matching unit 14. The length of the radiation branch 12 may be the size of the longest side of the radiation branch 12, which is substantially equal to the distance between the first end D1 and the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12, and the length of the parasitic branch 13 may also be the size of the longest side of the parasitic branch 13, which is substantially equal to the distance between the third end D3 and the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13.

[0043] In some embodiments, since the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 have the same extension direction and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction / length direction of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13, the direction of the first radiation current i1 from the second end D2 to the first end D1 of the radiation branch 12 generated by the radiation branch 12 under the excitation of the feed source 11 is substantially parallel to the direction of the second radiation current i2 from the third end D3 to the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13 generated by the feed source 11 coupling and exciting the parasitic branch 13 through the radiation branch 12, and both are parallel to the length direction and arrangement direction of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13. Thus, the directions of the first radiation current and the second radiation current can be ensured to be almost the same, so that the parasitic branch and the radiation branch as a whole can better work in the radiation mode and support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band.

[0044] See also Figure 3 , is a more specific structural diagram of the antenna assembly 1 in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the ground matching unit 14 includes a matching element M1 and a ground switch K1 connected in parallel between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground. The ground matching unit 14 has several connection states including a first connection state and a second connection state. In the first connection state, the ground switch K1 is disconnected, and the matching element M1 connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is enabled, so that the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 can be adjusted; in the second connection state, the ground switch K1 is turned on, so that the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the matching element M1 connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is short-circuited. At this time, the matching element M1 is disabled, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch is not adjusted. Therefore, by changing the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 can be different, and then the phase of the second radiation current can be different.

[0045] That is, in some embodiments, the on and off states of the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 can be changed to control the matching element M1 connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground to be enabled, thereby changing the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13, or the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 can be controlled to be directly grounded to disable the matching element M1 and maintain the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 unchanged. In this way, the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 can be different, thereby making the phase of the second radiation current different.

[0046] The electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 between the third end D3 of the parasitic branch 13 and the grounding point G1 is λ / 4, which means that the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 itself is λ / 4. When the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 between the third end D3 of the parasitic branch 13 and the grounding point G1 is maintained as its own electrical length, that is, the aforementioned λ / 4; and when the matching element M1 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 will change under the cooperation of the matching element M1, for example, become greater than the λ / 4 or less than the λ / 4.

[0047] In some embodiments, the matching element M1 is a capacitive element. For example, the matching element M1 may include a combination of multiple capacitors and / or inductors and ultimately present a capacitive characteristic, or may include only one capacitor and present a capacitive characteristic. Figure 3 As shown, the matching element M1 is specifically illustrated by taking a capacitor C1 as an example.

[0048] Among them, when the matching element M1 is a capacitive element, in the first connection state, the grounding switch K1 is disconnected, and the matching element M1 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, so that the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is reduced with the cooperation of the matching element M1, so that the phase of the first radiation current lags behind the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the radiation branch 12 where the phase-lagging first radiation current is located; in the second connection state, the grounding switch K1 is turned on, so that the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction.

[0049] That is, in some embodiments, when the matching element M1 is a capacitive element, when the matching element M1 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, due to the characteristics of the capacitive element, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 will be reduced with the cooperation of the matching element M1. Therefore, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 will be less than λ / 4, that is, less than one wavelength. Therefore, the second radiation current conducted on the target branch portion Z1 will not be able to conduct a complete wavelength, and the phase of the first radiation current that can conduct a complete wavelength on the radiation branch 12 will be advanced, that is, at this time, the phase of the first radiation current will lag behind the phase of the second radiation current. Therefore, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the radiation branch 12 where the first radiation current with a phase lag is located. When the grounding switch K1 is turned on, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction.

[0050] In some embodiments, when the matching element M1 is a capacitive element, the capacitance value of the matching element M1 as a whole can be set as needed. For example, the target electrical length of the target branch part Z1 when the beam direction significantly deviates from the preset beam direction can be determined in advance, and then the electrical length difference is determined based on the target electrical length of the target branch part Z1 and λ / 4, and the capacitance value equivalent to the electrical length difference is determined to be the capacitance value that the matching element M1 as a whole needs to have.

[0051] in, Figure 3 The antenna assembly 1 shown is Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the antenna assembly 1 shown in FIG. 1 , the specific structure of the ground matching unit 14 is mainly illustrated. For other structures, see Figure 1-Figure 2 Related content.

[0052] See also Figure 4 , is another more specific structural diagram of the antenna assembly 1 in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4As shown, the ground matching unit 14 also includes a matching element M1 and a ground switch K1 connected in parallel between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground. The several connection states of the ground matching unit 14 include a first connection state and a second connection state. In the first connection state, the ground switch K1 is disconnected, so that the matching element M1 connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is enabled, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 can be adjusted; in the second connection state, the ground switch K1 is turned on, so that the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the matching element M1 connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is short-circuited. At this time, the matching element M1 is disabled, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch is not adjusted.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the matching element M1 is specifically an inductive element. For example, the matching element M3 may include a combination of multiple inductors and / or capacitors, but ultimately presents inductive characteristics, or only includes one inductor and presents capacitive characteristics. Figure 4 As shown, the matching element M1 is specifically illustrated by taking the inductor L1 as an example.

[0054] In the first connection state, the grounding switch K1 is disconnected, and the matching element M1 connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch and the ground is enabled, so that the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is increased with the cooperation of the matching element, so that the phase of the second radiation current lags behind the phase of the first radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lagging second radiation current is located; in the second connection state, the grounding switch K1 is turned on, so that the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, the matching element M1 is disabled, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction.

[0055] That is, in some embodiments, when the matching element M1 is an inductive element, when the matching element M1 connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is enabled, due to the characteristics of the inductive element, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 will increase with the cooperation of the matching element M1. Therefore, the electrical length of the target branch portion Z1 will be greater than λ / 4, that is, greater than one wavelength. Therefore, the second radiation current conducted on the target branch portion Z1 will conduct more phase than a complete wavelength, and will lag behind the phase of the first radiation current that conducts a complete wavelength on the radiation branch 12. That is, at this time, the phase of the second radiation current will lag behind the phase of the first radiation current. Therefore, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the parasitic branch 13 where the second radiation current with a phase lag is located. When the grounding switch K1 is turned on, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the matching element M1 connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground is short-circuited and disabled. The electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction.

[0056] Therefore, in some embodiments, when the matching element M1 is an inductive element, by changing the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal can be maintained as a preset beam direction or biased toward one side of the parasitic branch 13, thereby changing the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0057] Among them, in some embodiments, when the matching element M1 is an inductive element, the inductance value of the matching element M1 as a whole can also be set as needed. For example, the target electrical length of the target branch part Z1 when the beam direction significantly deviates from the preset beam direction can be determined in advance, and then the electrical length difference is determined according to the target electrical length of the target branch part Z1 and λ / 4, and the inductance value equivalent to the electrical length difference is determined as the inductance value that the matching element M1 as a whole needs to have.

[0058] in, Figure 4 The antenna assembly 1 shown is Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the antenna assembly 1 shown in FIG. 1 , the specific structure of the ground matching unit 14 is mainly illustrated. For other structures, see Figure 1-Figure 2 Related content.

[0059] See also Figure 5 , is another more specific structural diagram of the antenna assembly 1 in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5As shown, the antenna assembly 1 also includes a feed switch 15, and the feed point F1 is connected to the feed source 11 through the feed switch 15. The feed switch 15 is connected between the feed point F1 of the radiating branch 12, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the feed source 11, and is used to select the feed point F1 of the radiating branch 12 or the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to be connected to the feed source 11, and the default selection is to connect the feed point F1 of the radiating branch 12 to the feed source 11.

[0060] in, Figure 5 Can be in the aforementioned Figure 1-Figure 4 On the basis of the structure of the antenna assembly 1 shown, the feed switch 15 is added, and the feed point F1 of the radiating branch 12 or the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 can be selected to be connected to the feed source 11 through the feed switch 15, thereby changing the identities of the radiating branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13, and further changing the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0061] Among them, when the feeding switch 15 chooses to connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to the feed source 11, and the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the parasitic branch 13 generates the second radiation current under the excitation of the feed source 11, and the feed source 11 is used to couple and excite the radiation branch 12 through the parasitic branch 13 so that the radiation branch 12 generates the first radiation current. At this time, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction when the phase relationship is the same phase, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch 13 where the radiation current with a phase lag is located, which deviates from the preset beam direction when the phase relationship is different phases.

[0062] That is, in some embodiments, when the feed switch 15 chooses to connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to the feed source 11, and the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, that is, the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is grounded to the ground through the matching element M1 of the ground matching unit 14, and will not be short-circuited to the ground, and can be excited by the feed source 11 as a feeding point, and at this time the radiation branch 12 is coupled and excited by the feed source 11. In this case, when the phase of the second radiation current is the same as the phase of the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is still the original beam direction of the antenna assembly 1, that is, the preset beam direction. However, when the phase of the second radiation current is different from the phase of the first radiation current, it will be different from the phase of the first radiation current. Figure 1-Figure 4The feeding method of the radiation branch 12 is opposite to that of the radiation branch 12, and the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lag radiation current is located deviates from the preset beam direction.

[0063] Furthermore, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is connected to the feed source 11 through the feed switch 15, and the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, that is, the ground switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, and the identities of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are changed. When the phase of the second radiation current is different from the phase of the first radiation current, the beam direction is directed toward Figure 1-Figure 4 The structure shown in FIG. 1 deflects in the opposite direction. That is, in Figure 1-Figure 4 In the structure shown, when the phase of the first radiation current lags behind that of the second radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is deviated from the preset beam direction, that is, toward the radiation branch 12 where the first radiation current is located, and when the phase of the second radiation current lags behind that of the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is deviated from the preset beam direction, that is, toward the parasitic branch 13 where the second radiation current is located. However, when the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is selected to be connected to the feed source 11 through the feeding switch 15, and the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is grounded to the ground through the matching element M1 of the ground matching unit 14, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 is changed. When the first radiation current lags behind the second radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates from the preset beam direction, that is, deviates from the radiation branch 12 where the first radiation current is located. When the phase of the second radiation current lags behind the first radiation current, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates from the preset beam direction, that is, deviates from the parasitic branch 13 where the second radiation current is located.

[0064] Therefore, in this application, Figure 1-Figure 4Adding the feed switch 15 to the structure of the antenna assembly 1 shown can add a beam direction, so that the antenna assembly 1 can switch at least three beam directions, and can better meet the demand for beam direction switching. That is, when the feed switch 15 defaults to connecting the feed point F1 of the radiation branch 12 to the feed source 11, when the ground switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is turned on, the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is equal to the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, both of which are λ / 4, and the first radiation current and the second radiation current have the same phase. At this time, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction. When the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is grounded through the matching element M1, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 changes to be less than or greater than λ / 4, so that the phase of the first radiation current lags behind the second radiation current, or the phase of the second radiation current lags behind the first radiation current, and then the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is deviated from the preset beam direction, that is, toward the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch. When the feed switch 15 chooses to connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to the feed source 11, and the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the beam direction originally deviated toward the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch will be changed to deviate from the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch. Thus, the antenna assembly 1 can realize the switching of at least three beam directions.

[0065] in, Figure 5 For Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is illustrated by adding the feed switch 15 as an example. Figure 5 The ground matching unit 14 in the embodiment includes a matching element M1 and a ground switch K1 connected in parallel between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, and the matching element M1 is a capacitive element, for example Figure 3 and Figure 5 The capacitor C1 is shown. Obviously, Figure 5 Also available in Figure 4 The feed switch 15 is added on the basis of the above. Figure 5 For other structures in Figure 1-Figure 4 Related content.

[0066] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the feed switch 15 can be a single-pole double-throw switch, and the feed switch 15 includes a fixed end 151 and two free ends 152, 153. The fixed end 151 is fixedly connected to the feed source 11, and the two free ends 152, 153 are respectively connected to the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the feeding point F1 of the radiation branch 12. The feed switch 15 can selectively connect the fixed end 151 to one of the two free ends 152, 153 through the knife T1 connected to the fixed end 151, and can selectively connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 or the feeding point F1 of the radiation branch 12 to the feed source 11.

[0067] See also Figure 6 , is another more specific structural diagram of the antenna assembly 1 in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the ground matching unit 14 includes a first matching branch 14a, a second matching branch 14b and a ground switch K1 connected in parallel between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, wherein the first matching branch 14a includes a first matching element M11 and a switch S1 connected in series between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, and the second matching branch 14b includes a second matching element M12 and a switch S2 connected in series between the ground point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground. The first matching element M11 is a capacitive element, which may include a combination of multiple capacitors and / or inductors, and presents a capacitive characteristic as a whole. Figure 6 The second matching element M12 is an inductive element, which may include a combination of multiple capacitors and / or inductors, and has an overall inductive characteristic. Figure 6 The inductor L1 is used as an example for illustration.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 6In the structure shown, the connection states of the ground matching unit 14 include a third connection state, a fourth connection state and a fifth connection state. In the third connection state, the ground switch K1 is disconnected, the switch S1 is turned on and the switch S2 is turned off, so that the first matching element M11 is connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic stub 13 and the ground, and the electrical length of the parasitic stub 13 is adjusted. In the fourth connection state, the ground switch K1 is disconnected, the switch S1 is turned off and the switch S2 is turned on, so that the second matching element M12 is connected between the ground point G1 of the parasitic stub 13 and the ground, and the electrical length of the parasitic stub 13 is adjusted. In the fifth connection state, the ground switch K1 is turned on, so that the ground point G1 of the parasitic stub 13 is directly grounded. At this time, no matter whether the switch S1 and the switch S2 are turned on or off, the first matching element M11 and the second matching element M12 do not adjust the electrical length of the parasitic stub 13. The fifth connection state is the same as the second connection state of the ground matching unit 14 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0069] That is, in some embodiments, the ground matching unit 14 may include three connection states, and by being in one of the connection states, the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 remains unchanged, or the parasitic branch 13 is grounded by the first matching element M11 of the capacitive element to reduce the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13, or the parasitic branch 13 is grounded by the second matching element M12 of the inductive element to increase the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13. Thus, the phase of the first radiation current can be made equal to the phase of the second radiation current so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction, or the phase of the first radiation current can be made to lag behind the phase of the second radiation current so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the radiation branch 12 where the first radiation current is located, or the phase of the second radiation current can be made to lag behind the phase of the first radiation current so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the parasitic branch 13 where the second radiation current is located. Thus, switching of three beam directions can also be achieved, which greatly meets the switching requirements of beam directions.

[0070] Obviously, in some embodiments, Figure 6 On the structure shown, it is possible to further increase Figure 5The feed switch 15 shown in the figure provides more switching modes of the beam direction by adding the feed switch 15, and the switching of the beam direction can be realized more flexibly. And because when the parasitic branch 13 is directly fed by the feed switch 15, the preset beam direction deviates from the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lag radiation current is located, and when the radiation branch 12 is directly fed by the feed switch 15, the preset beam direction deviates to the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch 13 where the phase-lag radiation current is located, even if both are deviated to the radiation branch 12 or the parasitic branch 13, there is still a certain difference in the direction. Therefore, in Figure 6 On the structure shown, further increase Figure 5 When the feed switch 15 shown in FIG. 1 is used, theoretically, five beam directions can be switched, and more beam directions are further provided for switching, which greatly meets the switching requirements of beam directions.

[0071] Wherein, in some embodiments, Figure 6 On the structure shown, further increase Figure 5 When the feed switch 15 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13, the ground matching unit 14 may be in one of the third connection state and the fourth connection state. That is, when the feed switch 15 is connected to the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13, the ground matching unit 14 may be in the third connection state, at which time the ground switch K1 is disconnected, the switch S1 is turned on, and the switch S2 is disconnected, so that the first matching element M11 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground; or, the ground matching unit 14 may also be in the fourth connection state, at which time the ground switch K1 is disconnected, the switch S1 is disconnected, and the switch S2 is turned on, so that the second matching element M12 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, and as mentioned above, the number of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground matching unit 14 are both one. Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12 is grounded, and the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13 is an open end or is connected to the ground point G1 to serve as a ground end.

[0073] That is, in some embodiments, when the number of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground matching unit 14 is one, the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12 can be grounded, and as mentioned above, the first end D1 of the radiation branch 12 is an open end, the feeding point F2 is located between the first end D1 and the second end D2, the radiation branch 12 can form an IFA (inverted F antenna), and the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13 is an open end or is connected to the ground point G1 as a ground end. Figure 1-Figure 6 In the example, the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13 is an open end. That is, the third end D3 and the fourth end D4 of the parasitic branch 13 are both open ends, and the grounding point G1 is located between the third end D3 and the fourth end D4.

[0074] Obviously, in some embodiments, the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12 may also be an open end, and the radiation branch 12 may also form a monopole antenna.

[0075] In some embodiments, the length of another branch portion between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the fourth end D4 can be any length, for example, it can be a value less than λ / 4. Thus, the overall length of the parasitic branch 13 can be greater than λ / 4 and less than λ / 2. In some embodiments, the length of another branch portion between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the fourth end D4 can also be 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to another frequency band, and can support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in another frequency band. The other frequency band is a frequency band different from the original preset frequency band. Thus, the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 1 can be effectively increased, the bandwidth can be widened, and the requirements of multiple antenna frequency bands can be met.

[0076] See also Figure 7 , is another schematic diagram of the structure and current distribution of the antenna assembly 1 in some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the parasitic branch 13 includes a first parasitic branch 131 and a second parasitic branch 132, the radiating branch 12 is located between the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 and coupled with the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132, the feed source 11 is used to couple and excite the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 through the radiating branch 12 so that the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 both generate a second radiation current, and the radiating branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 cooperate to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band. The grounding point G1 includes a first grounding point G11 located at the first parasitic branch 131 and a second grounding point G12 located at the second parasitic branch 132. The grounding matching unit 14 includes a first grounding matching unit 141 and a second grounding matching unit 142. The first grounding matching unit 141 is connected between the first grounding point G11 of the first parasitic branch 131 and the ground. The second grounding matching unit 142 is connected between the second grounding point G2 of the second parasitic branch 132 and the ground. The first grounding matching unit 141 and the second grounding matching unit 142 both include a plurality of connection states. When the first grounding matching unit 141 and / or the second grounding matching unit 142 is in a connection state change, the phase of the second radiation current of the first parasitic branch 131 and / or the second parasitic branch 132 changes, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal changes accordingly.

[0077] That is, in some embodiments, there may be two parasitic branches 13, which are respectively located on both sides of the radiation branch 12, and can respectively generate corresponding second radiation currents under the coupling excitation of the radiation branch 12, and can work together to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band, and the ground matching unit 14 also includes two, which are respectively connected between the corresponding parasitic branches 13 and the ground, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal can be changed by changing the connection state of at least one ground matching unit 14, thereby improving the antenna radiation performance of the antenna component 1 and further increasing the switchable beam direction of the antenna component 1.

[0078] In some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the radiation branch 12 includes a first end D1 and a second end D2 relative to each other, and the first end D1 and the second end D2 are both open ends, the first parasitic branch 131 includes a third end D3 and a fourth end D4 relative to each other, the second parasitic branch 132 includes a fifth end D5 and a sixth end D6 relative to each other, the third end D3 of the first parasitic branch 131 is an open end, and is adjacent to and spaced from the first end D1 of the radiation branch 12, the fifth end D5 of the second parasitic branch 132 is an open end, and is adjacent to and spaced from the second end D2 of the radiation branch 12.

[0079] Wherein, in some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the radiating branch 12 is divided into a first radiating branch 121 located between the first end D1 and the feeding point F1 and a second radiating branch 122 located between the second end D2 and the feeding point F1 through the feeding point F1. The first parasitic branch 131 is adjacent to and spaced from the first radiating branch 121, and the second parasitic branch 132 is adjacent to and spaced from the second radiating branch 122. Among them, the electrical length of the first target branch part Z11 between the third end D3 of the first parasitic branch 131 and the first grounding point G1, the electrical length of the second target branch part Z12 between the fifth end D5 of the second parasitic branch 132 and the second grounding point G2, the electrical length of the first radiating branch 121, and the electrical length of the second radiating branch 122 are all equal, which are λ / 4, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the preset frequency band. Among them, the radiating branch 12 forms a structure that is roughly a T antenna, such as Figure 7 As shown, the radiation branch 12 will generate two first radiation currents i1 in opposite directions under the excitation of the feed source 11, that is, the radiation branch 12 will generate a first radiation current i1 from the feed point F1 to the first end D1 on the first radiation branch 121 under the excitation of the feed source 11, and will generate a first radiation current i1 from the feed point F1 to the second end D2 on the second radiation branch 122.

[0080] In addition, if Figure 7 As shown, the feed source 11 is used to couple and excite the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 through the radiation branch 12 so that the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 both generate a second radiation current i2, and the direction of the second radiation current i2 of the first parasitic branch 131 is the same as the direction of the first radiation current i1 of the first radiation branch 121, and the direction of the second radiation current i2 of the second parasitic branch 132 is the same as the direction of the first radiation current i1 of the second radiation branch 122.

[0081] Thus, the first radiation branch 121 and the first parasitic branch 131 are adjacent to and spaced apart from each other, and the directions of the currents therein are the same, satisfying the conditions for forming a radiation mode, the first radiation branch 121 and the first parasitic branch 131 work together in a radiation mode to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band, and the second radiation branch 122 and the second parasitic branch 132 are adjacent to and spaced apart from each other, and the directions of the currents therein are the same, also satisfying the conditions for forming a radiation mode, the second radiation branch 122 and the second parasitic branch 132 also work together in a radiation mode to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band. Thus, in some embodiments, by Figure 7 The structure shown can generate two radiation modes, thereby greatly improving the antenna radiation performance in the preset frequency band.

[0082] in, Figure 7 The antenna assembly 1 shown is Figure 1-Figure 6 The main difference in the structure of the antenna assembly 1 shown in the figure is that a parasitic branch is added on the other side of the radiating branch 12, and the radiating branch 12 is roughly a T-antenna with an overall electrical length of λ / 2, while the electrical lengths of the first radiating branch 121 and the second radiating branch 122 divided by the feeding point F1 located in the middle are both λ / 4.

[0083] The first parasitic branch 131 may be the aforementioned Figure 1-Figure 6 The parasitic branch 13 shown in FIG. 1 may be a parasitic branch 131, and the second parasitic branch 132 may be a parasitic branch added on the other side of the radiation branch 12. The structures of the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 may be similar to Figure 1-Figure 6 The structure of the parasitic branch 13 in any embodiment is the same. Figure 1-Figure 6 The parasitic branch 13 in any embodiment of the present invention. The structures of the first ground matching unit 141 and the second ground matching unit 142 can also be Figure 1-Figure 6 In some embodiments, the structures of the first ground matching unit 141 and the second ground matching unit 142 may be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, the structures of the first ground matching unit 141 and the second ground matching unit 142 may both be Figure 3 or Figure 4 or Figure 6 Alternatively, the structure of the first ground matching unit 141 may be Figure 3 The structure of the ground matching unit 14 shown in FIG. 1 and the structure of the second ground matching unit 142 may be Figure 4 The structure of the ground matching unit 14 shown in, etc.

[0084] Thus, through Figure 7 In the structure shown, when the connection state of the first ground matching unit 141 and / or the second ground matching unit 142 changes, the phase of the second radiation current of the first parasitic branch 131 and / or the second parasitic branch 132 changes, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal changes accordingly, which can effectively increase the switchable beam directions.

[0085] For example, when the feed source 11 is connected to the feeding point F1 of the radiating branch 12 and the branch excites the radiating branch 12, and when the equivalent electrical length of the first parasitic branch 131 is reduced with the cooperation of the first ground matching unit 141, and the equivalent electrical length of the second parasitic branch 132 remains unchanged with the cooperation of the second ground matching unit 142, for the radiation mode in which the first parasitic branch 131 and the first radiating branch 121 work, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will be biased toward the direction of the first radiating branch 121, that is, it will be deflected in the direction from the first parasitic branch 131 to the first radiating branch 121, and for the radiation mode in which the second parasitic branch 132 and the second radiating branch 122 work, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will be maintained as the preset beam direction. Therefore, for the entire antenna assembly 1, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a composite direction of a preset beam direction and a beam direction deflected from the first parasitic branch 131 toward the first radiation branch 121, or it can be said that it includes these two beam directions at the same time.

[0086] For another example, when the feed source 11 is connected to the feeding point F1 of the radiating branch 12 and the branch excites the radiating branch 12, and when the equivalent electrical length of the first parasitic branch 131 increases with the cooperation of the first ground matching unit 141, and the equivalent electrical length of the second parasitic branch 132 also increases with the cooperation of the second ground matching unit 142, for the radiation mode in which the first parasitic branch 131 and the first radiating branch 121 work, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will be biased toward the direction of the first parasitic branch 131, that is, it will be deflected in the direction from the first radiating branch 121 to the first parasitic branch 131, and for the radiation mode in which the second parasitic branch 132 and the second radiating branch 122 work, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal will be biased toward the direction of the second parasitic branch 132, that is, it will be deflected in the direction from the second radiating branch 122 to the second parasitic branch 132. Therefore, for the entire antenna assembly 1, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal includes both the beam direction from the first radiation branch 121 to the first parasitic branch 131 and the beam direction from the second radiation branch 122 to the second parasitic branch 132. And so on.

[0087] Therefore, through Figure 7 The structure in can provide support for more beam directions, and can be better adjusted to the beam direction that is the same as the optimal direction as needed, which can more effectively improve the overall radiation performance of the antenna assembly 1.

[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 7 The antenna assembly 1 shown in the figure may further include a feed switch 15, so as to further enhance the switching flexibility. For example, when the antenna assembly 1 may further include a feed switch 15, the antenna assembly 1 may further include a switch connected between the feed point F1 of the radiation branch 12 and the ground. When the feed switch 15 is used to connect the first grounding point G11 of the first parasitic branch 131 and the second grounding point G12 of the second parasitic branch 132 to the feed source 11, the switch connected between the feed point F1 and the ground is turned on, and the feed point F1 of the radiation branch 12 may be grounded as a grounding point. Thus, the first radiation branch 121 and the second radiation branch 122 may be coupled and excited by the feed source 11 through the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132, respectively. Wherein, when the antenna assembly 1 may further include a feed switch 15, and the feed switch 15 is used to connect the first grounding point G11 of the first parasitic branch 131 and the second grounding point G12 of the second parasitic branch 132 to the feed source 11, the structure and function relationship between the first radiation branch 121 and the first parasitic branch 131, and the structure and function relationship between the second radiation branch 122 and the second parasitic branch 132 and Figure 5 The structures and functional relationships of the parasitic branches 13 and the radiating branches 12 are roughly the same, and the details can be found in the above Figure 5 Related content.

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, as mentioned above, the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are straight strips, and the extension directions of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are substantially the same, and are arranged at intervals along the extension directions of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13. The extension directions of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 can be the length directions of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13, that is, the extension directions of the longest sides of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13. That is, as Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are roughly arranged in a straight line.

[0090] Wherein, in some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the radiation branch 12, the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 are all straight strips, and the extension directions of the radiation branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 are substantially the same, and the first parasitic branch 131, the radiation branch 12 and the second parasitic branch 132 are arranged at intervals along the extension directions of the radiation branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132. The extension directions of the radiation branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132 may be the length directions of the radiation branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132, that is, the extension directions of the longest sides of the radiation branch 12 and the first parasitic branch 131 and the second parasitic branch 132. That is, as Figure 7 As shown, the first parasitic branch 131, the radiation branch 12 and the second parasitic branch 132 are roughly arranged in a straight line.

[0091] In some embodiments, the antenna assembly 1 can switch the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal at least according to the proximity state of the human body, the signal quality of the electromagnetic wave signal currently in a preset frequency band, etc. For example, the antenna assembly 1 can control the beam direction to be biased toward the radiating branch 12 when the human body is close to the parasitic branch 13. For another example, the antenna assembly 1 can control the switching to other beam directions when the signal quality of the current electromagnetic wave signal is lower than a preset value. As mentioned above, the antenna assembly 1 can control the switching of the beam direction by changing the connection state of the ground matching unit 14. In some embodiments, the switching of the beam direction can be further controlled by changing the connection between the feed source 11 and the parasitic branch 13 or the radiating branch 12 through the feed switch 15.

[0092] The radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 can be made of conductive materials such as metal materials.

[0093] In some embodiments, the preset frequency band may be a WiFi 2.4G frequency band (the resonant frequency is approximately 2.44 GHz). In other embodiments, the preset frequency band may also be any other frequency band, such as a medium frequency band, a low frequency band, and the like.

[0094] In some embodiments, the feed point F1 can be connected to the feed source 11 through a feed connector, wherein when the antenna assembly 1 also includes a feed switch 15, the feed point F1 can be connected to the free end 152 of the feed switch 15 through a feed connector. The feed connector can be a feed spring, a coaxial line, an FPC (flexible printed circuit), etc. The grounding point G1 can also be connected to the ground matching unit 14 through a grounding connector, wherein when the antenna assembly 1 also includes a feed switch 15, the grounding point G1 is also connected to the free end 153 of the feed switch 15 through a grounding connector. The grounding connector can also be a feed spring, a coaxial line, an FPC (flexible printed circuit), etc.

[0095] Therefore, the antenna component 1 of the present application changes the phase of the second radiation current of the parasitic branch 13 by connecting the ground matching unit 14 between the grounding point of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, thereby changing the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal, and can adjust the beam direction of the antenna component 1 as needed to meet the needs of various scenarios.

[0096] See also Figure 8 , is a structural block diagram of an electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 100 may include the antenna assembly 1 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments. Thus, the electronic device 100, by being equipped with the antenna assembly 1 in any of the aforementioned embodiments, can change the phase of the second radiation current of the parasitic branch 13 by the connection state of the ground matching unit 14 connected between the ground point of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, thereby changing the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal, and can adjust the beam direction of the antenna assembly 1 as needed to meet the needs in various scenarios.

[0097] See also Fig. 9 , is a schematic plan view of an electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a top view schematically showing the structure of the antenna assembly 1 as viewed from the display screen side of the electronic device 100. Figure 1-Figure 7 The antenna assembly 1 shown in the above figure may also be the antenna assembly 1 viewed from the side of the display screen of the electronic device 100 .

[0098] in, Fig. 9 The electronic device 100 shown includes Figure 5 The antenna assembly 1 shown is used as an example. Fig. 9As shown, the electronic device 100 includes a top end D11, a bottom end D12 and two side ends D13, D14. The radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 of the antenna assembly 1 are arranged on one of the two side ends D13, D14, for example, Fig. 9 As shown, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are both arranged on the side end D13.

[0099] Among them, Fig. 9 As shown, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are both straight strips, and the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are parallel to the end surface of the side end D13. The first radiation current on the radiation branch 12 and the second radiation current on the parasitic branch 13 are both roughly parallel to the end surface of the side end D13. Figure 1-Figure 7 The antenna assembly 1 in the figure may specifically be a schematic diagram of the electronic device 100 being in a horizontal screen state.

[0100] Among them, the directional terms such as "top" and "bottom" used in the embodiments of the present application to describe the electronic device 100 are mainly explained based on the orientation of the electronic device 100 when the user holds it in hand. The position toward the top side of the electronic device 100 is the "top", and the position toward the bottom side of the electronic device 100 is the "bottom". It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the orientation of the electronic device 100 in actual application scenarios. In some embodiments, the bottom end D12 of the electronic device 100 is the end where the headphone jack and the USB port are provided, and the top end D11 of the electronic device 100 is the other end opposite to the end where the headphone jack and the USB port are provided, and may also refer to the end where a camera, a receiver, etc. are provided.

[0101] in, Fig. 9 The electronic device 100 in Figure 5 The antenna assembly 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used as an example. As mentioned above, the electronic device 100 may include the antenna assembly 1 in any of the above embodiments, for example, it may also include Figure 1-Figure 4 as well as Figure 6-Figure 7 The antenna assembly 1 in any of the embodiments shown in .

[0102] Wherein, when the antenna assembly 1 included in the electronic device 100 is Figure 7In the antenna component 1 shown in the figure, the parasitic branches 131 of the antenna component 1 include the first parasitic branches 131, the second parasitic branches 132 and the radiating branches 12, which are all straight strips, and can also be arranged on one of the two side ends D13 and D14, for example, arranged on the side end D13, and the radiating branches 12 and the first parasitic branches 131 and the second parasitic branches 132 are all parallel to the end face of the side end D13.

[0103] Obviously, in some embodiments, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 may also be disposed on the top end D11 or the bottom end D12 of the antenna assembly 1 .

[0104] See also Fig.10 , is an antenna pattern of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.10 For Fig. 9 The electronic device 100 shown in the figure is taken as an example, that is, the electronic device 100 includes Figure 5 The antenna pattern of the electronic device 100 with the antenna assembly 1 shown is taken as an example for the simulation test.

[0105] Furthermore, Fig.10 It is the antenna pattern obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 in the antenna assembly 1 is in the first connection state and operates in the first frequency band. Fig.10 The beam direction R1 is shown schematically in FIG.

[0106] As mentioned above, when the matching element M1 included in the ground matching unit 14 is a capacitive element, when the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, the ground switch K1 is disconnected, and the matching element M1 is connected between the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, so that the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is reduced with the cooperation of the matching element M1, thereby making the phase of the first radiation current lag behind the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates toward the radiation branch 12 where the phase-lagging first radiation current is located.

[0107] from Fig.10 It can also be seen that when the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, the beam direction R1 is biased toward one side of the radiation branch 12. Fig.10 As shown, the beam direction R1 is roughly directed from the parasitic branch 13 to the radiation branch 12 .

[0108] in, Fig.10The electronic device 100 is shown in a horizontal screen state. As mentioned above, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are both arranged on the side end D13, and are both parallel to the end surface of the side end D13. Therefore, the direction from the parasitic branch 13 to the radiation branch 12 is a direction parallel to the side end D13, that is, the beam direction R1 is substantially parallel to the side end D13 of the electronic device 100, and is from the parasitic branch 13 to the radiation branch 12.

[0109] See also Fig.11 , is another antenna pattern of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Among them, Fig.11 Also Fig. 9 The electronic device 100 shown in the figure is taken as an example, that is, the electronic device 100 includes Figure 5 The antenna pattern of the electronic device 100 with the antenna assembly 1 shown is taken as an example for the simulation test.

[0110] Furthermore, Fig.11 It is the antenna pattern obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 in the antenna assembly 1 is in the second connection state and operates in the first frequency band. Fig.11 The beam direction R2 is shown schematically in FIG.

[0111] As mentioned above, when the ground matching unit 14 is in the second connection state, the ground switch K1 is turned on, so that the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part Z1 of the parasitic branch 13 is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch 12, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is the preset beam direction.

[0112] That is, when the ground matching unit 14 is in the second connection state, the beam direction R2 is a preset beam direction. As mentioned above, the preset beam direction can be a direction roughly perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13, that is, a direction roughly perpendicular to the length direction of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13. Fig.11 The electronic device 100 is also illustrated in a horizontal screen state. As mentioned above, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are both arranged on the side end D13, and are both parallel to the end face of the side end D13. Therefore, the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 is the direction substantially perpendicular to the end face of the side end D13, that is, the preset beam direction can be the direction substantially perpendicular to the end face of the side end D13.

[0113] In some embodiments, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal mainly refers to the main radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna assembly 1, such as Fig.11 As shown, when the ground matching unit 14 is in the second connection state, the beam direction R2 is a preset beam direction, and specifically is a direction perpendicular to the end surface of the side end D13 and toward the outside of the electronic device 100 .

[0114] See also Fig.12 , is another antenna pattern of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Among them, Fig.12 Also Fig. 9 The electronic device 100 shown in the figure is taken as an example, that is, the electronic device 100 includes Figure 5 The antenna pattern of the electronic device 100 with the antenna assembly 1 shown is taken as an example for the simulation test.

[0115] Furthermore, Fig.12 The antenna pattern obtained by simulation test when the feed switch 15 in the antenna assembly 1 selects to connect the feed source 11 to the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state and works in the first frequency band. Fig.12 The beam direction R3 is shown schematically in FIG.

[0116] As mentioned above, when the feed switch 15 selects to connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to the feed source 11, and the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, that is, when the grounding switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 is disconnected, the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 is grounded to the ground through the matching element M1 of the ground matching unit 14, and the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 is changed. Figure 5 The matching element M1 in the antenna component is specifically a capacitive element, which will reduce the electrical length of the parasitic branch 13 and make the first radiation current lag behind the second radiation current. At this time, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates from the preset beam direction, that is, deviates from the radiation branch 12 where the first radiation current is located.

[0117] from Fig.12 It can also be seen that when the feed switch 15 selects to connect the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 to the feed source 11, and the ground matching unit 14 is in the first connection state, the beam direction R3 is away from the radiation branch 12 and deviates to one side of the parasitic branch 13. That is, Fig.12 As shown, the beam direction R3 is roughly directed from the radiation branch 12 to the parasitic branch 13 .

[0118] in, Fig.12The electronic device 100 is also shown in a horizontal screen state. As mentioned above, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are both arranged on the side end D13, and are both parallel to the end surface of the side end D13. Therefore, the Pleiades pointing from the radiation branch 12 to the parasitic branch 13 are also parallel to the side end D13, that is, the beam direction R3 is roughly parallel to the side end D13 of the electronic device 100, and is from the radiation branch 12 to the parasitic branch 13, and is parallel to the side end D13. Fig.10 The beam direction R1 shown is in substantially the opposite direction.

[0119] Therefore, from Figure 10-12 It can be seen that the electronic device 100 of the present application includes Figure 5 The antenna assembly 1 shown can be switched among three beam directions, meeting most requirements.

[0120] Obviously, in some embodiments, Fig.10 and Fig.11 The antenna pattern shown may also be a Figure 1-Figure 4 as well as Figure 6-Figure 7 The antenna radiation pattern obtained by performing simulation test on any one of the antenna components 1.

[0121] See also Fig.13 , is a schematic diagram of the return loss of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.13 The electronic device 100 may include Figure 1-Figure 7 A schematic diagram of return loss obtained by performing a simulation test when any antenna component 1 in the embodiment works in a preset frequency band.

[0122] Specifically, Fig.13 Schematically shows the return loss curve S11-1 obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 is in the first connection state and works in the preset frequency band, and the return loss curve S11-2 obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 is in the second connection state and works in the preset frequency band. Among them, in a certain frequency band, the frequency corresponding to the lowest point of the same input return loss curve is the resonant frequency point. The lower the input return loss, the lower the loss at the resonant frequency, and the higher the antenna efficiency.

[0123] like Fig.13As shown, at the resonant frequency of the preset frequency band, when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 is in the first connection state, the return loss of the antenna assembly 1 is about -23dB, and when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 is in the second connection state, the return loss of the antenna assembly 1 is about -11dB, and the return losses are both low. Obviously, both can achieve higher antenna efficiency.

[0124] Wherein, in some embodiments, Fig.13 As shown, the preset frequency band may be the WiFi 2.4G frequency band, and the resonance frequency is approximately located near 2.44 GHz.

[0125] Obviously, Fig.13 This is just an example in which the preset frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band. As mentioned above, the preset frequency band can be any frequency band.

[0126] See also Fig.14 , is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. The antenna efficiency includes the radiation efficiency and the total system efficiency. Fig.13 The electronic device 100 may include Figure 1-Figure 7 A schematic diagram of radiation efficiency and system total efficiency obtained by simulation testing when any antenna component 1 in the system operates in a preset frequency band.

[0127] Specifically, Fig.14 Schematically shows the radiation efficiency curve Sr1 and the system total efficiency curve St1 obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 is in the first connection state and works in the preset frequency band, and the radiation efficiency curve Sr2 and the system total efficiency curve St2 obtained by simulation test when the ground matching unit 14 is in the second connection state and works in the preset frequency band. Among them, in a certain frequency band, the highest point of the same system total efficiency curve, that is, the frequency corresponding to the peak is the resonant frequency point, and the higher the system total efficiency, the higher the antenna efficiency at the resonant frequency.

[0128] like Fig.14 As shown, at the resonant frequency of the preset frequency band, when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 is in the first connection state, the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 1 is approximately -4.3dB, and the total system efficiency is also approximately -4.3dB. When the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 is in the second connection state, the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 1 is approximately -3.6dB, and the total system efficiency is also approximately -3.6dB. It can be seen that when the ground matching unit 14 of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 is in the first connection state and the second connection state, the radiation efficiency and the total system efficiency of the antenna assembly 1 are both high, and a high antenna efficiency can be achieved.

[0129] In some embodiments, Fig.14 As shown, the preset frequency band may be the WiFi 2.4G frequency band, and the resonant frequency is approximately around 2.44GHz. Fig.14 This is just an example in which the preset frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band. As mentioned above, the preset frequency band can be any frequency band.

[0130] Please return to Fig. 9 ,like Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device 100 further includes a frame B1 , and the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are arranged on the frame B1 of the electronic device 100 and are spaced apart by gaps X1 .

[0131] In some embodiments, the frame B1 of the electronic device 100 is a metal frame, and the radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are metal frame segments formed by opening the gap X1 in the metal frame of the electronic device 100 .

[0132] In other embodiments, the frame B1 of the electronic device 100 is a non-metal frame, the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are metal segments arranged in the frame of the electronic device 100, and the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are spaced apart by the gap X1.

[0133] That is, in other embodiments, the frame B1 of the electronic device 100 may also be a non-metal frame with low conductivity such as plastic, ceramic, etc. The radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 are metal segments disposed in the frame B1 of the electronic device 100 .

[0134] The radiation branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 may be embedded in the frame of the electronic device 100 , or may be disposed on the inner side of the frame of the electronic device 100 .

[0135] In some embodiments, the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are straight bars, and the surfaces with the largest areas of the radiating branches 12 and the parasitic branches 13 are surfaces parallel to the frame surface of the frame B1, wherein the frame surface of the frame B1 is approximately perpendicular to the plane of the display screen of the electronic device 100.

[0136] like Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device 100 further includes a mainboard 101, wherein the aforementioned ground matching unit 14 and the aforementioned feed source 11 etc. may be arranged on the mainboard 101. The aforementioned ground may be the ground on the mainboard 101.

[0137] Among them, Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device 100 further includes a middle frame 102, which is used to support structures such as a display screen, and the middle frame 102 is used as a whole machine ground, and the ground on the mainboard 101 is connected to the middle frame 102 to provide a ground potential. The aforementioned ground matching unit 14 can also be directly electrically connected to the middle frame 102 to be grounded.

[0138] In some embodiments, the radiation branch 12, the parasitic branch 13, etc. in the antenna assembly 1 can also be set on an antenna bracket and set in the electronic device 100 through the antenna bracket, for example, set on the mainboard 101 through the antenna bracket, and can be close to the border B1.

[0139] Wherein, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 may be LDS (laser forming) antennas formed on the antenna bracket of the mainboard 101 by laser technology, that is, an antenna bracket is set on the mainboard 101, and then the LDS antenna is formed thereon. Wherein, the LDS antenna refers to a metal antenna pattern directly plated on the antenna bracket by laser technology. Alternatively, the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13 may be FPC (flexible printed circuit) antennas formed by laser technology or set on the mainboard 101 and other positions. Wherein, the FPC antenna refers to a metal antenna pattern formed on the FPC, and the FPC antenna may be fixed to the mainboard 101 by bonding, embedding, welding, etc.

[0140] See also Fig.15 , is a more specific structural block diagram of the electronic device 100 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.15 As shown, the electronic device 100 further includes a controller 2 .

[0141] The controller 2 is at least used to control the connection state of the ground matching unit 14 according to the state of the electronic device 100. That is, the ground matching unit 14 is controlled to be in the corresponding first connection state, second connection state, etc., or further controls the connection state of the feed switch 15, that is, switches one of the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the feeding point F1 of the radiation branch 12 to be connected to the feed source 11. When the ground matching unit 14 includes a first ground matching unit 141 and a second ground matching unit 142, the controller 2 controls the state of the ground matching unit 14 to control the connection state of the first ground matching unit 141 and the second ground matching unit 142.

[0142] In some embodiments, the state of the electronic device 100 may include a human body approaching state, etc. The controller 2 may control the state of the ground matching unit 14 according to the human body approaching state, etc. of the electronic device 100 .

[0143] For example, in some embodiments, when a human body is approaching and the antenna is in a human body approaching state, if the human body is approaching one side of the radiation branch 12, the controller 2 may control the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, or further control the connection state of the feed switch 15, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the excitation of the antenna assembly 1 is biased toward one side of the parasitic branch 13, thereby avoiding SAR (Specific Absorb rate) exceeding the standard.

[0144] In some embodiments, Fig.15 As shown, the electronic device 100 further includes a sensor 3, through which the state of the electronic device is acquired, wherein the sensor 3 may include a proximity sensor.

[0145] For example, when the sensor 3 includes a proximity sensor, the sensor 3 may include two sensors, which are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the radiation branch 12 and the parasitic branch 13, and sense whether a human body is close to the radiation branch or the parasitic branch within a preset range, and generate a corresponding proximity sensing signal when sensing that a human body is close. The controller 2 is connected to the sensor 3, and is used to determine that a human body is currently close to the electronic device 100 when receiving the proximity sensing signal generated by the sensor 3. In some embodiments, each proximity sensor can be pre-bound to its set position. The controller 2 is connected to multiple proximity sensors, and is used to determine that a human body is currently close to the electronic device 100 when receiving the proximity sensing signal generated by a proximity sensor, and determine the position of the proximity sensor according to the identity information of the proximity sensor, thereby determining the part of the electronic device 100 where a human body is close, and controlling the connection state of the ground matching unit 14. For example, as mentioned above, if the human body is currently approaching one side of the radiation branch 12, the controller 2 can control the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, or further control the connection state of the feed switch 15, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the excitation of the antenna assembly 1 is biased toward one side of the parasitic branch 13, thereby avoiding SAR (Specific Absorb rate) exceeding the standard.

[0146] In some embodiments, the controller 2 controls the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, or further controls the connection state of the feed switch 15, according to the signal quality of the antenna assembly 1 of the electronic device 100 when it is currently working in the preset frequency band, that is, switches one of the grounding point G1 of the parasitic branch 13 and the feeding point F1 of the radiation branch 12 to be connected to the feed source 11. For example, the controller 2 can control the switching of the connection state of the ground matching unit 14, or further controls the switching of the connection state of the feed switch 15, to change the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal to obtain better signal quality when the signal quality of the antenna assembly 1 is currently working in the preset frequency band is lower than a preset value.

[0147] The ground switch K1 in the ground matching unit 14 in the antenna assembly 1, the feed switch 15, etc. can all be digitally controlled switches, such as MOS transistors, BJT transistors, or combinations thereof, etc. The controller 2 is connected to all of these switches and is used to output corresponding level signals to the corresponding switches to control the on, off, or connected state of the corresponding switches, such as the connected state of the feed switch 15.

[0148] Among them, the aforementioned multiple scenarios may refer to scenarios with different human bodies approaching or with different signal qualities.

[0149] The electronic device 100 may be any device including an antenna, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a laptop computer, etc.

[0150] The controller 2 may be a central processing unit, a single chip microcomputer, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, etc.

[0151] Through the antenna assembly and electronic device 100 in the present application, the phase of the second radiation current of the parasitic branch 13 is changed by the connection state of the ground matching unit 14 connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch 13 and the ground, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal can be changed, and the beam direction of the antenna assembly 1 can be adjusted as needed to meet the needs in various scenarios.

[0152] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0153] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application; in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: include: Feeds; A radiation branch, comprising a feeding point, wherein the feeding point is connected to the feed source, and the radiation branch is used to generate a first radiation current under the excitation of the feed source; A parasitic branch, adjacent to and spaced from the radiating branch, the parasitic branch comprising a grounding point, the parasitic branch coupled with the radiating branch, the feed source being used to excite the parasitic branch through the radiating branch coupling so that the parasitic branch generates a second radiation current, the parasitic branch and the radiating branch cooperate to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band; as well as A ground matching unit is connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch and the ground, and the ground matching unit includes a plurality of connection states, wherein when the ground matching unit is in different connection states, the phase of the second radiation current is different and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, thereby making the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal different.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiating branch includes a first end and a second end relative to each other, and the parasitic branch includes a third end and a fourth end relative to each other. The first end of the radiating branch and the third end of the parasitic branch are open ends, and are adjacent to and spaced apart from each other. The electrical length of the target branch portion between the third end of the parasitic branch and the grounding point is equal to the electrical length of the radiating branch, both of which are λ / 4, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the preset frequency band, the first radiation current and the second radiation current have the same direction, and the target branch portion of the parasitic branch and the radiating branch work together in a radiation mode to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the ground matching unit is in different connection states, the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch is different, which makes the phase of the second radiation current different and presents a different phase relationship with the phase of the first radiation current, thereby making the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal different.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase relationship includes different phases and equal phases. When the phase relationship is the same phase, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction. When the phase relationship is different phases, the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates from the preset beam direction to the radiation branch or parasitic branch where the phase-lagging radiation current is located.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ground matching unit includes a matching element and a ground switch connected in parallel between the ground point of the parasitic branch and the ground. The several connection states of the ground matching unit include a first connection state and a second connection state. In the first connection state, the ground switch is disconnected, so that the matching element is connected between the ground point of the parasitic branch and the ground. In the second connection state, the grounding switch is turned on, so that the grounding point of the parasitic branch is directly grounded, thereby changing the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch and changing the phase of the second radiation current.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The matching element is a capacitive element. In the first connection state, the grounding switch is disconnected, and the matching element is connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch and the ground, so that the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch is reduced under the cooperation of the matching element, thereby making the phase of the first radiation current lag behind the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is biased toward the radiation branch where the first radiation current with the phase lag is located; In the second connection state, the grounding switch is turned on, so that the grounding point of the parasitic branch is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The matching element is an inductive element. In the first connection state, the grounding switch is disconnected, and the matching element is connected between the grounding point of the parasitic branch and the ground, so that the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch increases with the cooperation of the matching element, thereby making the phase of the second radiation current lag behind the phase of the first radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal deviates to the parasitic branch where the second radiation current with the phase lag is located; In the second connection state, the grounding switch is turned on, so that the grounding point of the parasitic branch is directly grounded, and the electrical length of the target branch part of the parasitic branch is the same as the electrical length of the radiation branch, so that the phase of the first radiation current is equal to the phase of the second radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna assembly also includes a feed switch, through which the feed point is connected to the feed source. The feed switch is connected between the feed point of the radiating branch, the grounding point of the parasitic branch and the feed source, and is used to select the feed point of the radiating branch or the grounding point of the parasitic branch to be connected to the feed source, and by default the feed point of the radiating branch is connected to the feed source.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the feed switch selects to connect the grounding point of the parasitic branch to the feed source, and the grounding switch is disconnected, the parasitic branch generates the second radiation current under the excitation of the feed source, and the feed source is used to excite the radiation branch through the parasitic branch coupling so that the radiation branch generates the first radiation current, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a preset beam direction when the phase relationship is the same phase, and the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal is a radiation branch or a parasitic branch where the radiation current with a phase lag is located, which deviates from the preset beam direction when the phase relationship is different phases.

10. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The second end of the radiation branch is grounded, and the fourth end of the parasitic branch is an open end or is connected to the ground point to serve as a ground end.

11. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parasitic branch includes a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch, the radiation branch is located between the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch and is coupled with the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch, the feed source is used to excite the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch through the radiation branch coupling so that the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch both generate a second radiation current, and the radiation branch and the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch cooperate to support the reception and transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the preset frequency band; the grounding point includes a first grounding point located at the first parasitic branch and a grounding point located at the second parasitic branch. The second grounding point of the node, the grounding matching unit includes a first grounding matching unit and a second grounding matching unit, the first grounding matching unit is connected between the first grounding point of the first parasitic branch and the ground, the second grounding matching unit is connected between the second grounding point of the second parasitic branch and the ground, the first grounding matching unit and the second grounding matching unit both include a plurality of connection states, wherein when the connection state of the first grounding matching unit and / or the second grounding matching unit changes, the phase of the second radiation current of the first parasitic branch and / or the second parasitic branch changes accordingly, so that the beam direction of the electromagnetic wave signal changes.

12. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

13. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and 11 to 12, characterized in that: The radiating branches and the parasitic branches are in the shape of straight strips, have the same extension direction as the radiating branches and the parasitic branches, and are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the radiating branches and the parasitic branches.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1-13.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device further includes a controller, and the controller is used to control the ground matching unit to be in a corresponding connection state according to a state of the electronic device, and the state of the electronic device includes a human body approaching state.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a controller, which is used for controlling the ground matching unit to be in a corresponding connection state according to the signal quality of the electromagnetic wave signal of the antenna assembly in the preset frequency band.

17. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a frame, and the radiation branches and the parasitic branches are arranged on the frame of the electronic device and are spaced apart by gaps.

18. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The radiation branch and the parasitic branch are arranged in the electronic device through an antenna bracket.

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