Shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind area early warning and safeguard system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent non-blind area early warning and guarantee system for shipborne satellite communication, which relates to the technical field of shipborne satellite communication and comprises a satellite communication module, a shipborne parabolic antenna, a satellite and ship information alignment module, a multi-band working module and a low-noise amplifier for improving sensitivity according to an algorithm within 5 seconds, and the antenna is corrosion-resistant and wind-resistant; the intelligent switching unit monitors satellite communication quality in real time, switches a standby link according to an intelligent decision model within 2 seconds when a signal is poor, and notifies sailors to strictly control packet loss; the blind area early warning subsystem calculates the details of the communication blind area 15 minutes in advance by means of a ship-borne AIS, a GPS and an electronic chart in combination with a regular updating model, sound and light strong early warning is achieved when the blind area is close, and device protection is excellent. According to the invention, a communication blind area can be accurately warned in advance, and timely adjustment of navigation planning is ensured; satellite communication is stable and efficient, and communication quality in severe sea conditions is good; intelligent switching is rapid, data backup is reliable, and offshore operation and navigation safety are powerfully guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shipborne satellite early warning technology, and in particular to an intelligent blind-zone-free early warning and guarantee system for shipborne satellite communication. Background Art

[0002] In today's globalized ocean transportation, fishing, marine scientific research and many other fields, the stability and reliability of shipboard communications play a vital role. Traditional shipboard communication methods mainly rely on shortwave radio, ultra-shortwave radio, etc. However, these methods have many limitations. On the one hand, shortwave radio is susceptible to interference from factors such as ionospheric changes and solar activity, and the signal is unstable, the communication quality is poor, and the bit error rate is often high, resulting in inaccurate and incomplete information transmission. In complex sea conditions or bad weather, there may even be communication interruptions, which seriously affect the navigation safety and operating efficiency of the ship. Although ultra-short wave radio performs well in short-distance communications, its transmission distance is limited and cannot meet the long-distance communication needs of ocean-going and cross-regional operating ships.

[0003] With the development of satellite communication technology, ship-borne satellite communication has gradually become popular, but the existing ship-borne satellite communication system still faces a series of thorny problems. First, due to the operating characteristics of satellite orbits and the influence of the earth's curvature, ships frequently encounter satellite communication blind spots during navigation, especially near the polar regions, high-latitude waters or complex terrain obstruction areas. Communication interruptions often occur, and it is difficult for crew members to obtain external information in a timely manner and report the ship's dynamics to the shore-based command center in real time. Once an emergency occurs, such as a ship failure, a sudden illness of a person, or a danger at sea, the response speed of the rescue operation will be greatly reduced.

[0004] Secondly, the marine environment is complex and changeable, and harsh conditions such as strong winds, huge waves, heavy rain, and salt spray can cause great damage to communication equipment. Shipboard antennas are prone to pointing deviations in strong winds and huge waves, which reduces the efficiency of signal reception and transmission. In addition, long-term exposure to salt spray environments can easily cause the antennas and electronic components to corrode and rust, shortening the service life of the equipment. Furthermore, the existing shipborne satellite communication system lacks an intelligent switching mechanism. When the satellite communication link fails or the signal quality deteriorates, it cannot automatically switch to the backup link in time, resulting in communication stagnation and affecting the continuity of marine operations. In addition, in terms of data backup and recovery, most systems have loopholes, data is easy to lose and difficult to recover quickly, which is extremely unfavorable for preserving key information such as ship navigation records and scientific research data, and brings many difficulties to subsequent analysis, decision-making, and accident investigation. In summary, there is an urgent need for a new shipborne satellite communication intelligent blind spot warning and guarantee system to overcome these problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind-zone early warning and protection system proposed in the present invention solves the problems mentioned in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system, comprising: Satellite communication module: includes a ship-borne parabolic antenna, which is used to electrically adjust the azimuth and pitch, and adjust the direction according to the satellite and ship information. The adjustment process relies on the built-in satellite positioning and tracking algorithm, which comprehensively considers the earth's curvature, satellite orbit perturbation and the dynamic displacement of the ship itself, and calculates the optimal pointing angle of the antenna in real time through the following formula: ,in is the optimal pointing angle, , , are the satellite's altitude, horizontal coordinate, and vertical coordinate, respectively. , , are the height, horizontal coordinate and vertical coordinate of the ship respectively. is the angle correction caused by the satellite orbit perturbation, It is the angle compensation caused by the dynamic displacement of the ship; the working frequency band includes L, C, Ku, and Ka bands, and is equipped with an amplifier. The antenna surface is coated with nano-waterproof coating, and the antenna feed source adopts a wind-resistant design; Intelligent switching unit: connects satellite communications with shortwave radio and maritime satellite phone backup links, monitors satellite communication quality in real time, and uses a built-in intelligent switching decision model to calculate the best switching path based on signal strength, bit error rate, communication cost, and link stability. The weight distribution formula is: , where W i is the weight of the i-th factor, k i is the importance coefficient of the i-th factor, and n is the total number of factors; Blind spot warning subsystem: Through the ship's AIS, GPS, and electronic charts, combined with the sea area satellite communication coverage model built based on history, satellites, and geography and updated every 30 minutes, the time, location, and duration of the ship entering the communication blind spot can be calculated 15 minutes in advance. The model is constructed using the Kriging interpolation method, based on the known satellite communication monitoring point data, according to the formula Perform spatial interpolation prediction, where is the communication coverage value of the point to be predicted, is the communication coverage value of the known monitoring point, is the weight coefficient solved by the semivariogram; Dynamic optimization unit: During navigation, the satellite communication module transmission power, antenna pointing, and frequency are optimized every 10 minutes according to wind speed, wave height, cloud thickness, and satellite elevation angle. The optimization uses an adaptive optimization algorithm based on machine learning. First, a large amount of communication parameters and corresponding communication effect data under different sea conditions and weather conditions in the past are collected as training sets to build a prediction model. When the environmental parameter changes are collected in real time, the model is input to predict the best communication parameter combination. If the prediction effect does not meet expectations, the optimization scheme is optimized again using a genetic algorithm. Data backup and recovery module: equipped with solid-state hard disk to store key data, and also uses RAID5 technology redundant storage array to ensure redundancy, backing up once an hour, and restoring nearly complete data within 10 minutes of failure; Interference identification and cancellation module: By distributing multiple electromagnetic sensors near the antenna, the space electromagnetic signals are collected in real time. The collected electromagnetic signals are converted from the time domain to the time-frequency domain using a signal processing algorithm based on time-frequency analysis, including short-time Fourier transform (STFT). Perform transformation analysis, where is the time-frequency domain signal, is the original time domain signal, The window function is used to identify the frequency, amplitude and phase characteristics of the interference signal, and then the adaptive interference cancellation technology is used to generate a cancellation signal with the same amplitude and opposite phase as the interference signal to cancel the interference in real time; Multi-link collaborative scheduling module: responsible for managing the collaborative work between satellite communication links and multiple backup links. When satellite communication is normal, the backup links are tested for signal quality every minute. The test indicators include signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate. Perform a comprehensive quality assessment on each backup link, including is the comprehensive link quality score, SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio, BER is the bit error rate, α and β are weight coefficients set according to actual needs, and the resource allocation of the backup link is dynamically adjusted according to the evaluation results; when a satellite communication failure occurs and the link needs to be switched, the optimal backup link is switched to within 1 second based on the previous evaluation results, and the new link is adaptively optimized within 5 minutes after the switch, and the link parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time communication traffic and delay feedback information.

[0007] Furthermore, the surface of the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module has a 0.1-0.3 mm nano waterproof coating, which resists corrosion from seawater and salt spray, extends its service life by 30%, and makes the antenna feed highly wind-resistant.

[0008] Furthermore, when the intelligent switching unit switches to the backup link, it gives priority to the built-in cost evaluation model whose signal and cost meet the predetermined standards, comprehensively considers multiple factors, and updates the optimization model parameters each time it switches.

[0009] Furthermore, the sound and light alarm device of the blind spot warning subsystem has a protection level of IP67, which is waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof.

[0010] Furthermore, when the dynamic optimization unit optimizes communication parameters, it uses a machine learning algorithm to collect past feedback training models, so that the predicted solution matches the optimal solution with a degree of match of more than 85%.

[0011] Furthermore, the solid-state drive of the data backup and recovery module completely erases sensitive data within 5 minutes, making it irrecoverable, and the redundant storage array supports hot swapping, so replacing a faulty hard drive does not affect operation.

[0012] Furthermore, a control system method for applying a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system comprises the following steps: S1. Initialization: At startup, the satellite communication module adjusts the antenna pointing according to the initial position and initial parameters and connects to the satellite; the intelligent switching unit checks the backup link; the blind spot warning subsystem loads the model; the dynamic optimization unit uses the initial environmental parameters. When the satellite communication module adjusts the parabolic antenna pointing, if the initial antenna pointing deviation exceeds 10°, a step-by-step adjustment strategy is adopted, first approaching the target pointing at an angular speed of 5° / second, and then aligning at an angular speed of 0.5° / second within 2° of the target pointing; and in the initialization step, the intelligent switching unit detects that the signal strength of the satellite communication module fluctuates by more than 10° per minute. dB fluctuations, and also monitors satellite orbit changes and electromagnetic interference sources near the ship, and comprehensively analyzes the causes of fluctuations; when the intelligent switching unit performs a switching operation, if the switching fails, the emergency restart program is immediately started to quickly restart the satellite communication module and the intelligent switching unit related equipment. The restart time is controlled within 30 seconds, and an emergency notice is issued to the crew to inform them of the switching failure and restart situation; during operation, the data backup and recovery module regularly checks the integrity of the stored data, and the inspection frequency is once a day. If a data integrity problem is found, the data repair program is immediately started, and the error correction code technology is used to repair the data; S2. Operation monitoring: During operation, the satellite communication module sends and receives signals, the intelligent switching unit monitors indicators every second, and the blind spot warning subsystem predicts the blind spot in real time based on the position and heading combined with the model; S3, warning and switching: the warning subsystem predicts entering the blind area or the intelligent switching unit detects poor communication, issues a warning, executes switching, and the warning is displayed on the sound and light device and display screen; S4. Recovery and optimization: When leaving the blind area or communication is restored, the satellite communication module readjusts the antenna, the intelligent switching unit switches back to the link, the dynamic optimization unit optimizes again according to the new environmental parameters, and the data backup and recovery module backs up as planned. When the dynamic optimization unit optimizes the communication parameters according to the latest environmental parameters, if the optimized communication effect does not meet the expected goal, the genetic algorithm is used to perform a secondary optimization on the optimization plan and regenerate the optimization plan until the expected goal is achieved.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for installing an intelligent blind-zone-free early warning and protection system using shipborne satellite communication comprises the following steps: S1.1. Preliminary preparation: Determine the model, quantity and location of the components according to the ship's conditions, and pre-treat the installation position, including rust removal, painting, and installation of shock-absorbing pads and shock-absorbing pad rubber; When determining the model, quantity and installation location of each component of the system, consider the distribution of the center of gravity of the ship, and adjust the installation position of the components to control the change of the center of gravity of the ship after the system is installed within 0.5%; S1.2, Equipment installation: First install the satellite communication module, and fix the antenna on the top of the mast or bracket; then install other modules and connect them with shielded cables. When installing the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module, if you encounter a strong wind area, the antenna installation part should be additionally reinforced, using windproof cables, and the connection part with the antenna should use a universal joint; S1.3, Debugging and calibration: After installation, the satellite communication module uses a beacon or instrument to adjust the antenna direction with an accuracy of less than 0.05°; the intelligent switching unit simulates a fault to test the switching; the blind spot warning subsystem verifies the blind spot prediction; the dynamic optimization unit tests the optimization effect; the data backup and recovery module tests the backup and recovery; when debugging the antenna direction of the satellite communication module, if there is satellite signal interference, use interference suppression technology, including adaptive filtering, radio frequency interference cancellation, etc., to eliminate the interference signal. At the same time, when performing the switching test on the intelligent switching unit, test the compatibility between different backup communication links; S1.4, Acceptance and delivery: After debugging and calibration, comprehensive acceptance is carried out. The standards include communication, early warning, replacement, optimization, and backup and recovery capabilities. The system is delivered to the shipowner after it meets the standards, and an operation manual and maintenance guide are attached, including principles, processes, and troubleshooting. When conducting a comprehensive acceptance of the entire system, in addition to accepting various indicators according to design requirements, the shipowner’s representatives are also invited to participate in the acceptance process, listen to the opinions and suggestions of the shipowner’s representatives, optimize and improve the system, set up a quality supervision team, and supervise the installation quality throughout the process. The quality supervision team is composed of professional engineers. After each installation step, a quality inspection is carried out, and problems are rectified in a timely manner.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, the intelligent no-blind-spot warning function can accurately predict communication blind spots 15 minutes in advance, giving crew members enough time to adjust their work plans or take emergency measures, such as downloading nautical charts and weather information in advance, to avoid difficulties caused by communication interruptions and ensure smooth navigation.

[0015] Secondly, the high-performance design and dynamic optimization of the satellite communication module ensure stable communication in various sea conditions. In case of bad weather, the transmission power is automatically increased, and the antenna pointing and frequency are optimized by intelligent algorithms, which improves the communication stability by more than 20%, and the data transmission is efficient and reliable, meeting the diverse business needs at sea.

[0016] Third, the intelligent switching unit quickly switches the backup link within 2 seconds, with a packet loss rate as low as 0.01%, ensuring communication continuity. Whether it is emergency communication or daily operations, it can be seamlessly connected, reducing losses caused by communication failures.

[0017] Fourthly, the data backup and recovery module is reliable and practical, with backup every hour and recovery within 10 minutes of failure. The data integrity guarantee rate exceeds 99.9%, which protects the key data of the ship, facilitates subsequent analysis and decision-making, and improves the safety and management efficiency of offshore operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of a control method for a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic block diagram of an installation method of a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic block diagram of a maintenance method for a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind-zone early warning and protection system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-2 :A shipborne satellite communication intelligent blind-zone warning and guarantee system, comprising: Satellite communication module: There is a ship-borne parabolic antenna, which can electrically adjust the azimuth and pitch with an accuracy of more than 0.1°. According to the satellite and ship information, the direction can be adjusted within 5 seconds. The adjustment process relies on the built-in high-precision satellite positioning and tracking algorithm, which comprehensively considers the earth's curvature, satellite orbit perturbation and the dynamic displacement of the ship itself, and calculates the optimal pointing angle of the antenna in real time through the following formula: ,in is the optimal pointing angle, , , are the satellite's altitude, horizontal coordinate, and vertical coordinate, respectively. , , are the height, horizontal coordinate and vertical coordinate of the ship respectively. is the angle correction caused by the satellite orbit perturbation, It is the angle compensation caused by the dynamic displacement of the ship. The working frequency band includes L, C, Ku, and Ka bands, which are suitable for a variety of communications. With a low-noise amplifier, the noise coefficient is less than 0.5dB, which enhances the receiving sensitivity. The surface of the antenna is coated with nano waterproof coating with a coating thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm, which can effectively prevent seawater erosion and salt spray corrosion, and extend the service life of the antenna by more than 30%. At the same time, the antenna feed adopts a wind-resistant design, which can withstand strong winds of more than level 12 to ensure normal operation in severe sea conditions.

[0023] Intelligent switching unit: connects satellite communications with shortwave radio, maritime satellite phones and other backup links, monitors satellite communication quality in real time, and switches to backup links within 2 seconds when the signal strength is as low as -100dBm or the bit error rate exceeds 0.1%, and controls the packet loss rate within 0.01%, and also gives a reminder to the crew. Its built-in intelligent switching decision model calculates the optimal switching path based on multiple factors such as signal strength, bit error rate, communication cost, link stability, etc. The weight distribution formula is: , where W i is the weight of the ith factor, k i is the importance coefficient of the ith factor, n is the total number of factors, and the coefficient is dynamically optimized by continuously collecting past switching data to ensure the scientific nature of each switching decision.

[0024] Blind spot warning subsystem: Based on the ship's AIS, GPS, and electronic charts, combined with a sea area satellite communication coverage model built based on history, satellites, and geography and updated every 30 minutes, the time, location, and duration of a ship entering a communication blind spot can be calculated 15 minutes in advance. The model is constructed using the Kriging interpolation method, based on known satellite communication monitoring point data, according to the formula Perform spatial interpolation prediction, where is the communication coverage value of the point to be predicted, is the communication coverage value of the known monitoring point, is the weight coefficient solved by the semivariogram to improve the prediction accuracy of the blind spot. Within 5 minutes of fast-forwarding the blind spot, the sound and light alarm device will give an early warning at a frequency of 60 times per minute and a brightness of no less than 100 candela. The device is waterproof, dustproof, and explosion-proof, with a protection level of IP67. It can work normally in harsh environments such as high temperature (50°C), high humidity (95% relative humidity), and flammable and explosive environments (such as oil and gas environments). The alarm sound can be adjusted between 80-120 decibels to adapt to different operating scenarios.

[0025] Dynamic optimization unit: During navigation, the satellite communication module transmission power, antenna pointing, frequency, etc. are optimized every 10 minutes according to wind speed, wave height, cloud thickness, satellite elevation angle, etc. The adaptive optimization algorithm based on machine learning is used for optimization. First, a large amount of communication parameters and corresponding communication effect data under different sea conditions and weather conditions in the past are collected as training sets to build a prediction model. When the environmental parameter changes are collected in real time, the model is input to predict the best communication parameter combination. If the prediction effect does not meet expectations, the optimization scheme is optimized again using a genetic algorithm to make the model prediction match the actual optimal scheme to more than 85%, thereby improving accuracy. For example, in the event of strong winds and waves (wave height exceeding 3 meters) or thick clouds (cloud thickness greater than 5 kilometers), the transmission power is automatically increased by 3-5dB, which increases the communication stability by more than 20%.

[0026] Data backup and recovery module: equipped with a large-capacity solid-state hard drive, no less than 500GB, to store key data, and a redundant storage array using RAID5 technology to ensure redundancy, backed up once an hour, and restored nearly complete data within 10 minutes of failure, with an integrity guarantee rate of more than 99.9%. The solid-state hard drive has a fast erase function. If sensitive data needs to be destroyed, the data can be completely erased within 5 minutes to reach the unrecoverable standard, meeting the ship's data security and confidentiality requirements. At the same time, the redundant storage array supports hot-swap, which is convenient for replacing faulty hard drives without interrupting system operation.

[0027] Interference identification and cancellation module: By distributing multiple high-sensitivity electromagnetic sensors near the antenna, the spatial electromagnetic signals are collected in real time. The collected electromagnetic signals are converted from the time domain to the time-frequency domain using a signal processing algorithm based on time-frequency analysis, such as short-time Fourier transform (STFT). Perform transformation analysis, where is the time-frequency domain signal, is the original time domain signal, The window function quickly identifies the frequency, amplitude, phase and other characteristics of the interference signal, and then uses adaptive interference cancellation technology to generate a cancellation signal with the same amplitude and opposite phase as the interference signal to cancel the interference in real time and ensure communication quality. Multi-link collaborative scheduling module: responsible for managing the collaborative work between satellite communication links and multiple backup links. When satellite communication is normal, the backup link is regularly (every minute) tested for signal quality. The test indicators include signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, etc. According to the formula Perform a comprehensive quality assessment on each backup link, including is the comprehensive link quality score, SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio, BER is the bit error rate, α and β are weight coefficients set according to actual needs. The resource allocation of the backup link (such as bandwidth allocation) is dynamically adjusted according to the evaluation results to prepare in advance for possible link switching. Once a satellite communication failure occurs and the link needs to be switched, it can quickly switch to the optimal backup link within 1 second based on the previous evaluation results, and adaptively optimize the new link within 5 minutes after the switch. According to feedback information such as real-time communication traffic and delay, the link parameters are dynamically adjusted to ensure smooth communication.

[0028] In the present invention, the surface of the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module has a 0.1-0.3 mm nano waterproof coating, which is resistant to seawater and salt spray corrosion and has a service life extended by 30%. The antenna feed source is highly wind-resistant and can withstand strong winds above level 12, ensuring normal operation under severe sea conditions.

[0029] In the present invention, when the intelligent switching unit switches to a backup link, it gives priority to the one with good signal and low cost, has a built-in cost evaluation model, comprehensively considers multiple factors, and updates the optimization model parameters each time it switches to ensure reasonable decision-making.

[0030] In the present invention, the sound and light alarm device of the blind spot warning subsystem has a protection level of IP67, is waterproof, dustproof, and explosion-proof, and can be used in high temperature of 50°C, high humidity of 95%, and oil and gas environments. The alarm sound can be adjusted between 80-120 decibels to adapt to different operating scenarios.

[0031] In the present invention, when the dynamic optimization unit optimizes the communication parameters, a machine learning algorithm is used to collect past feedback training models so that the predicted solution matches the optimal solution by more than 85%, thereby improving accuracy.

[0032] In the present invention, the solid-state hard disk of the data backup and recovery module can completely erase sensitive data within 5 minutes, making it irrecoverable and meeting confidentiality requirements. The redundant storage array supports hot plugging, and replacing a faulty hard disk does not affect operation.

[0033] In the present invention, a control method for a shipborne satellite communication intelligent blind-zone-free early warning and security system comprises the following steps: Initialization: At startup, the satellite communication module adjusts the antenna pointing according to the initial position and initial parameters, and connects to the satellite; the intelligent switching unit checks the backup link; the blind spot warning subsystem loads the model; and the dynamic optimization unit uses the initial environmental parameters. When the satellite communication module adjusts the pointing of the parabolic antenna, if the initial pointing deviation of the antenna is too large (more than 10°), a step-by-step adjustment strategy is adopted. First, it quickly approaches the target pointing at a larger angular velocity (5° / second), and then accurately aligns at a smaller angular velocity (0.5° / second) within 2° of the target pointing, shortening the antenna adjustment time by more than 20%; and during the initialization step, the intelligent switching unit detects that the signal strength of the satellite communication module fluctuates rapidly (the fluctuation amplitude exceeds 10dB per minute). In addition to monitoring conventional indicators, it also monitors factors such as satellite orbit changes and electromagnetic interference sources near ships, and comprehensively analyzes the causes of the fluctuations so that Take targeted measures, such as adjusting the antenna polarization mode or requesting the satellite to adjust orbital parameters; when the intelligent switching unit performs a switching operation, if the switch fails, immediately start the emergency restart program to quickly restart the satellite communication module, intelligent switching unit and other related equipment. The restart time is controlled within 30 seconds, and an emergency notification is issued to the crew to inform them of the switching failure and restart situation; during the entire system operation process, the data backup and recovery module regularly checks the integrity of the stored data once a day. If a data integrity problem is found, the data repair program is immediately started, and error correction code technology is used to repair the data to ensure data reliability.

[0034] Operation monitoring: During operation, the satellite communication module sends and receives signals, the intelligent switching unit monitors indicators every second, the blind spot warning subsystem predicts the blind spot in real time based on the position and heading combined model, and the dynamic optimization unit collects parameters for optimization every 10 minutes.

[0035] Early warning and switching: The early warning subsystem predicts entering a blind spot or the intelligent switching unit detects poor communication, issues an early warning, and executes switching. The early warning is presented on the sound and light device and display screen, and switching ensures data transmission.

[0036] Recovery and optimization: When leaving the blind area or communication is restored, the satellite communication module readjusts the antenna, the intelligent switching unit switches back to the link, the dynamic optimization unit optimizes again according to the new environmental parameters, and the data backup and recovery module backs up as planned. When the dynamic optimization unit optimizes the communication parameters according to the latest environmental parameters, if the optimized communication effect does not reach the expected goal (such as the communication stability index is improved by less than 10%), the optimization plan is optimized again using the genetic algorithm and the optimization plan is regenerated until the expected goal is achieved.

[0037] According to the above control method, during the entire operation process, including initialization, operation monitoring, early warning and switching, recovery and optimization stages: when the satellite communication module is adjusting the pointing direction of the parabolic antenna, if the initial pointing deviation of the antenna is too large (more than 10°), a step-by-step adjustment strategy is adopted, first quickly approaching the target pointing direction with a larger angular velocity (5° / second), and then accurately aligning with a smaller angular velocity (0.5° / second) when approaching the target pointing area of ​​2°, thereby shortening the antenna adjustment time by more than 20%; the intelligent switching unit detects that the signal strength of the satellite communication module fluctuates rapidly (the fluctuation amplitude exceeds 10dB per minute). In addition to monitoring conventional indicators, it also monitors factors such as satellite orbit changes and electromagnetic interference sources near ships, and comprehensively analyzes the causes of fluctuations so as to take targeted measures, such as adjusting the antenna polarization mode or requesting the satellite to adjust orbital parameters; when When the intelligent switching unit performs a switching operation, if the switching fails, the emergency restart program is immediately started to quickly restart the satellite communication module, intelligent switching unit and other related equipment. The restart time is controlled within 30 seconds, and an emergency notification is issued to the crew to inform them of the switching failure and restart situation; when the dynamic optimization unit optimizes the communication parameters according to the latest environmental parameters, if the optimized communication effect does not reach the expected goal (such as the communication stability index is improved by less than 10%), the optimization plan is re-optimized using a genetic algorithm and the optimization plan is regenerated until the expected goal is achieved; during the operation of the entire system, the data backup and recovery module regularly checks the integrity of the stored data once a day. If data incompleteness is found, the data repair program is immediately started and error correction code technology is used to repair the data to ensure data reliability.

[0038] In the present invention, a method for installing a shipborne satellite communication intelligent blind-zone warning and protection system comprises the following steps: Preliminary preparation: Determine the model, quantity, and location of the components according to the situation of the ship, and pre-treat the installation position, such as rust removal, painting, and installation of shock-absorbing pads. For rubber shock-absorbing pads, the shock absorption should be more than 30%. When determining the model, quantity, and installation location of each component of the system, fully consider the distribution of the center of gravity of the ship. By adjusting the installation location of the components, the change of the center of gravity of the ship after the system is installed is controlled within 0.5% to avoid affecting the navigation stability of the ship.

[0039] Equipment installation: Install the satellite communication module first, and fix the antenna on the top of the mast or bracket to ensure the height and field of view. The bolt tightening torque is above 100N·m. Then install other modules, connect them with shielded cables, and the shielding efficiency is above 60dB. Place them in a dedicated cabinet in the cabin. The cabinet is IP54, ventilated, heat-dissipating, waterproof and dustproof. When installing the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module, if you encounter a strong wind area, the antenna installation part is additionally reinforced with a windproof cable. The tensile strength of the windproof cable reaches more than 5000N. The part connected to the antenna uses a universal joint to facilitate antenna adjustment and ensure that the antenna will not be damaged in strong winds.

[0040] Debugging and calibration: After installation, the satellite communication module uses a beacon or instrument to adjust the antenna direction with an accuracy of less than 0.05°; the intelligent switching unit simulates a fault to test the switching; the blind spot warning subsystem verifies the blind spot prediction; the dynamic optimization unit tests the optimization effect; the data backup and recovery module tests the backup and recovery. When debugging the antenna direction of the satellite communication module, if there is interference with the satellite signal, interference suppression technology such as adaptive filtering and radio frequency interference cancellation is used to eliminate the interference signal and ensure the debugging accuracy. At the same time, when performing the switching test on the intelligent switching unit, the compatibility between different backup communication links is tested to avoid link conflicts that lead to switching failures.

[0041] Acceptance and delivery: After debugging and calibration, comprehensive acceptance is carried out. The standards include communication, early warning, replacement, optimization, and backup recovery capabilities. The system is delivered to the ship when it meets the standards, and an operation manual and maintenance guide are attached, including principles, processes, and troubleshooting. When the entire system is comprehensively accepted, in addition to accepting various indicators according to design requirements, representatives of the ship are also invited to participate in the acceptance process, listen to the opinions and suggestions of the ship representatives, optimize and improve the system, and ensure that the system meets the actual needs of the ship. During the entire installation process, a quality supervision team is set up to supervise the installation quality throughout the process. The quality supervision team is composed of professional engineers. After each installation step is completed, a quality inspection is carried out, and problems are rectified in a timely manner to ensure that the installation quality meets high standards.

[0042] In the present invention, a maintenance method for a shipborne satellite communication intelligent blind-zone-free early warning and protection system comprises the following steps: Daily inspection: Check the appearance of system components every day to see if there is any damage, corrosion, or looseness, such as the satellite communication module antenna coating, feed source, intelligent switching unit cable, blind spot warning subsystem alarm device, dynamic optimization unit sensor, data backup and recovery module storage device, and the inspection should be within 30 minutes. When the surface coating of the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module is found to be slightly damaged, the coating is repaired on site using spray repair technology. The repair material is the same as the original coating material to ensure that the waterproof and salt spray corrosion resistance of the coating is not affected, and the repair time is controlled within 1 hour.

[0043] Regular maintenance: test the performance of the satellite communication module weekly, such as signal strength, bit error rate, and transmission power, and adjust the antenna or parameters according to the results; test the switching of the intelligent switching unit; update the model of the blind spot warning subsystem; update the algorithm of the dynamic optimization unit; backup and return the data to the module to check the integrity, use error correction code, and maintain it within 2 hours per week. When performing performance tests on the satellite communication module, if the signal strength is found to be lower than the normal level, in addition to adjusting the antenna pointing, the low noise amplifier is also cleaned or replaced to improve the signal reception sensitivity. When testing the switching function of the intelligent switching unit, if the switching time is found to exceed the normal range, the switching algorithm is optimized to shorten the switching time.

[0044] Fault diagnosis: When a fault occurs, the built-in program is used to determine the fault type and location. For example, if the satellite communication module is interrupted, the antenna, amplifier, etc. are judged to be faulty. If the intelligent switching unit fails to switch, the algorithm and hardware problems are judged and targeted treatment is carried out within 1 hour. When the system's built-in fault diagnosis program cannot determine the fault type and fault location, the manual auxiliary diagnosis method is used. Professional maintenance personnel will determine the fault type and fault location based on their experience and professional knowledge, combined with the system's operation log and on-site observation. The manual auxiliary diagnosis time is controlled within 2 hours.

[0045] Emergency repair: In case of emergency failures such as severe weather, emergency repair is initiated, and basic communications are restored using spare equipment before damaged parts are repaired. The emergency repair time depends on the severity of the failure and is generally controlled within 4 hours. When the emergency repair procedure is initiated, if there is no spare equipment or parts available, contact the supplier in time to request emergency support. Before the supplier provides support, take temporary measures, such as using shortwave radio to maintain basic communications to ensure that ship communications are not interrupted. During the entire maintenance process, a maintenance file is established to record each inspection, maintenance, fault diagnosis and emergency repair, including time, location, problems found, measures taken, results and other information. The maintenance file is used to trace the system's operating history and provide a reference for subsequent maintenance.

[0046] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system, characterized in that: include: Satellite communication module: includes a ship-borne parabolic antenna, which is used to electrically adjust the azimuth and pitch. The adjustment process relies on the built-in satellite positioning and tracking algorithm, which comprehensively considers the earth's curvature, satellite orbit perturbations, and the dynamic displacement of the ship itself, and calculates the optimal pointing angle of the antenna in real time through the following formula: ,in is the optimal pointing angle, , , are the satellite's altitude, horizontal coordinate, and vertical coordinate, respectively. , , are the height, horizontal coordinate and vertical coordinate of the ship respectively. is the angle correction caused by the satellite orbit perturbation, Angle compensation caused by dynamic displacement of the ship; Intelligent switching unit: connects satellite communications with shortwave radio and maritime satellite phone backup links, monitors satellite communication quality in real time, and uses a built-in intelligent switching decision model to calculate the best switching path based on signal strength, bit error rate, communication cost, and link stability. The specific weight distribution formula is: , where W i is the weight of the i-th factor, k i is the importance coefficient of the i-th factor, and n is the total number of factors; Blind spot warning subsystem: Through the ship's AIS, GPS, electronic charts, combined with the constructed sea area satellite communication coverage model, the time, location, and duration of the ship entering the communication blind spot are calculated. The Kriging interpolation method is used when constructing the model. Based on the known satellite communication monitoring point data, according to the formula Perform spatial interpolation prediction, where is the communication coverage value of the point to be predicted, is the communication coverage value of the known monitoring point, is the weight coefficient solved by the semivariogram.

2. According to claim 1, a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system is characterized in that: Also includes: Dynamic optimization unit: optimizes the satellite communication module transmission power, antenna pointing and frequency according to wind speed, wave height, cloud thickness and satellite elevation angle; Data backup and recovery module: equipped with solid-state hard disk to store key data, and also uses RAID5 technology redundant storage array to ensure redundancy; Interference identification and cancellation module: The electromagnetic sensors arranged around the antenna collect spatial electromagnetic signals in real time, and use the signal processing algorithm based on time-frequency analysis to convert the collected electromagnetic signals from the time domain to the time-frequency domain; Multi-link collaborative scheduling module: performs signal quality detection on backup links; when satellite communication fails and links need to be switched, switches to the optimal backup link based on the previous evaluation results.

3. According to claim 1, a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system is characterized in that: The surface of the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module has a 0.1-0.3 mm nano waterproof coating, which is resistant to seawater and salt spray corrosion, and the service life is extended by 30%. The antenna feed source is highly wind-resistant; In the interference identification and cancellation module, according to the formula Perform transformation analysis, where is the time-frequency domain signal, is the original time domain signal, The window function is used to identify the frequency, amplitude and phase characteristics of the interference signal, and the adaptive interference cancellation technology is used to generate a cancellation signal with the same amplitude and opposite phase as the interference signal to cancel the interference in real time. When the intelligent switching unit switches to the backup link, it will give priority to the built-in cost evaluation model whose signal and cost meet the predetermined standards, and update the optimization model parameters every time it switches based on multiple factors; The dynamic optimization unit adopts an adaptive optimization algorithm based on machine learning during optimization. First, past communication parameters and corresponding communication effect data are collected as a training set to build a prediction model. When environmental parameter changes are collected in real time, the model is input to predict the best communication parameter combination. If the predicted effect does not meet expectations, the optimization plan is optimized again using a genetic algorithm.

4. According to claim 1, a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system is characterized in that: The sound and light alarm device of the blind spot warning subsystem has a protection level of IP67 and is waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof.

5. According to claim 1, a shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system is characterized in that: When the dynamic optimization unit optimizes communication parameters, it uses machine learning algorithms to collect past feedback training models, so that the predicted solution matches the optimal solution by more than 85%; When testing the signal quality of the backup link, according to the formula Perform a comprehensive quality assessment on each backup link, including is the comprehensive quality score of the link, SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio, BER is the bit error rate, α and β are weight coefficients set according to actual needs, and the resource allocation of the backup link is dynamically adjusted according to the evaluation results.

6. The shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solid-state hard drive of the data backup and recovery module completely erases sensitive data within 5 minutes and cannot be recovered. The redundant storage array supports hot swapping, and replacing a faulty hard drive will not affect operation.

7. A method for applying the control system of the shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone early warning and guarantee system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Initialization: When starting up, the satellite communication module adjusts the antenna pointing according to the initial position and initial parameters and connects to the satellite; the intelligent switching unit checks the backup link; the blind spot warning subsystem loads the model; the dynamic optimization unit adopts the initial environmental parameters. When the satellite communication module adjusts the parabolic antenna pointing, if the initial pointing deviation of the antenna exceeds 10°, a step-by-step adjustment strategy is adopted, first approaching the target pointing at an angular speed of 5° / second, and then aligning at an angular speed of 0.5° / second within 2° of the target pointing; In the initialization step, the intelligent switching unit detects that the signal strength of the satellite communication module fluctuates by more than 10dB per minute, and also monitors the changes in satellite orbits and electromagnetic interference sources near the ship, and comprehensively analyzes the causes of the fluctuations; when the intelligent switching unit performs a switching operation, if the switching fails, the emergency restart program is immediately started to quickly restart the satellite communication module and the related equipment of the intelligent switching unit, and the restart time is controlled within 30 seconds. At the same time, an emergency notice is issued to the crew to inform them of the switching failure and restart situation; during operation, the data backup and recovery module regularly checks the integrity of the stored data once a day. If a data integrity problem is found, the data repair program is immediately started and the error correction code technology is used to repair the data; S2. Operation monitoring: During operation, the satellite communication module sends and receives signals, the intelligent switching unit monitors indicators every second, and the blind spot warning subsystem predicts the blind spot in real time based on the position and heading combined with the model; S3, warning and switching: the warning subsystem predicts entering the blind area or the intelligent switching unit detects poor communication, issues a warning, executes switching, and the warning is displayed on the sound and light device and display screen; S4. Recovery and optimization: When leaving the blind area or communication is restored, the satellite communication module readjusts the antenna, the intelligent switching unit switches back to the link, the dynamic optimization unit optimizes again according to the new environmental parameters, and the data backup and recovery module backs up as planned. When the dynamic optimization unit optimizes the communication parameters according to the latest environmental parameters, if the optimized communication effect does not meet the expected goal, the genetic algorithm is used to perform a secondary optimization on the optimization plan and regenerate the optimization plan until the expected goal is achieved.

8. A method for installing the shipborne satellite communication intelligent non-blind zone warning and protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1.

1. Preliminary preparation: Determine the model, quantity and location of the components according to the ship's conditions, and pre-treat the installation position, including rust removal, painting, and installation of shock-absorbing pads and shock-absorbing pad rubber; When determining the model, quantity and installation location of each component of the system, consider the distribution of the center of gravity of the ship, and adjust the installation position of the components to control the change of the center of gravity of the ship after the system is installed within 0.5%; S1.2, Equipment installation: First install the satellite communication module, and fix the antenna on the top of the mast or bracket; then install other modules and connect them with shielded cables. When installing the parabolic antenna of the satellite communication module, if you encounter a strong wind area, the antenna installation part should be additionally reinforced, using windproof cables, and the connection part with the antenna should use a universal joint; S1.3, Debugging and calibration: After installation, the satellite communication module uses a beacon or instrument to adjust the antenna direction with an accuracy of less than 0.05°; the intelligent switching unit simulates a fault to test the switching; the blind spot warning subsystem verifies the blind spot prediction; the dynamic optimization unit tests the optimization effect; The data backup and recovery module tests backup and recovery; when debugging the antenna pointing of the satellite communication module, if there is interference with the satellite signal, interference suppression technology, including adaptive filtering, radio frequency interference cancellation, etc., is used to eliminate the interference signal. At the same time, when performing switching tests on the intelligent switching unit, the compatibility between different backup communication links is tested; S1.4, Acceptance and delivery: After debugging and calibration, comprehensive acceptance is carried out. The standards include communication, early warning, replacement, optimization, and backup and recovery capabilities. The system is delivered to the shipowner after it meets the standards, and an operation manual and maintenance guide are attached, including principles, processes, and troubleshooting. When conducting a comprehensive acceptance of the entire system, in addition to accepting various indicators according to design requirements, the shipowner’s representatives are also invited to participate in the acceptance process, listen to the opinions and suggestions of the shipowner’s representatives, optimize and improve the system, set up a quality supervision team, and supervise the installation quality throughout the process. The quality supervision team is composed of professional engineers. After each installation step, a quality inspection is carried out, and problems are rectified in a timely manner.

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