Method and apparatus for LTE / NR SL coexistence in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. The UE comprises a transceiver configured to: receive and transmit at a first subcarrier spacing (SCS) over an LTE SL interface; and receiving and transmitting on the NR SL interface with a second SCS greater than the first SCS. The LTE SL subframe overlaps in time with the N NR SL slots. The UE also includes a processor operably connected to the transceiver. The processor is configured to: perform sensing over the LTE SL interface; identifying that there is an LTE SL transmission in the first LTE SL subframe; and identifying candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL slots overlapping the first LTE SL subframe. To perform the sensing, the processor is further configured to: decode the SL control information; and measuring the SL reference signal received power associated with the SCI. The transceiver is further configured to transmit in the N NR SL slots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless networks and more particularly to methods and apparatus for LTE / NR SL coexistence. Background Art

[0002] Due to the increasing popularity of smartphones and other mobile data devices (such as tablet computers, "notebook" computers, netbooks, e-book readers, and machine-type devices) among consumers and business people, the demand for wireless data services is increasing rapidly. In order to meet the high growth of mobile data services and support new applications and deployments, improvements in radio interface efficiency and coverage are critical.

[0003] With all the technical activities around the world for various candidate technologies from industry and academia, the momentum for 5th Generation (5G) or New Radio (NR) mobile communications has been increasing recently. Candidate implementations of 5G / NR mobile communications include massive antenna technology from traditional cellular frequency bands up to high frequencies to provide beamforming gain and support increased capacity, new waveforms (e.g., new radio access technologies (RATs)) for flexibly adapting to various services / applications with different requirements, new multiple access schemes for supporting massive connections, etc.

[0004] 5G mobile communication technology defines a wide frequency band, making high transmission rates and new services possible, and can be realized not only in "below 6 GHz" frequency bands such as 3.5 GHz, but also in "above 6 GHz" frequency bands (including 28 GHz and 39 GHz) called millimeter waves. In addition, 6G mobile communication technology (called super 5G system) has been considered to be implemented in terahertz (THz) frequency bands (for example, 95 GHz to 3THz frequency bands) in order to achieve a transmission rate fifty times faster than 5G mobile communication technology and ultra-low latency that is one-tenth of 5G mobile communication technology.

[0005] At the beginning of the development of 5G mobile communication technology, in order to support services and meet the performance requirements related to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) and massive machine type communications (mMTC), standardization of the following technologies has been ongoing: beamforming and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) for reducing radio wave path loss and increasing radio wave transmission distance in millimeter waves; supporting parameters for dynamic operation of efficient utilization of millimeter wave resources and time slot formats (for example, operating multiple subcarrier spacings); initial access technology for supporting multi-beam transmission and wide frequency bands; definition and operation of bandwidth parts (BWPs); new channel coding methods such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes for large-scale data transmission and polar codes for highly reliable transmission of control information; L2 preprocessing; and network slicing for providing dedicated networks dedicated to specific services.

[0006] Currently, with respect to services supported by 5G mobile communication technology, discussions on improvements and performance enhancements of initial 5G mobile communication technology are underway, and physical layer standardization has been completed on technologies such as V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) for assisting driving decisions based on information about the location and status of a vehicle transmitted by a vehicle and for improving user convenience, NR-U (New Radio Unlicensed) for system operations that comply with various regulatory-related requirements in unlicensed frequency bands, NR UE energy saving, non-terrestrial network (NTN) as UE satellite direct communication for securing coverage in areas where communication with a terrestrial network is not possible, and positioning.

[0007] In addition, the standardization of air interface architecture / protocols for technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) for supporting new services through interworking and integration with other industries; Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) for providing nodes for network service area expansion by supporting wireless backhaul links and access links in an integrated manner; Mobility enhancements including conditional handover and DAPS (Dual Active Protocol Stack) handover; and Two-step Random Access (Two-step RACH for NR) for simplifying the random access process. At the same time, the standardization of system architecture / services for technologies such as the 5G baseline architecture (e.g., service-based architecture or service-based interface) for combining network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined network (SDN) technologies; and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) for receiving services based on UE location.

[0008] With the commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems, an exponentially growing number of connected devices will be connected to the communication network, and it is therefore expected that enhanced functions and performance of 5G mobile communication systems and integrated operations of connected devices will be necessary. To this end, new research on the following technologies is on the agenda: extended reality (XR) for efficient support of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), etc.; 5G performance improvement and complexity reduction by utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML); AI service support; metaverse service support; and drone communication.

[0009] Furthermore, such developments in 5G mobile communication systems will lay the foundation not only for the development of new waveforms for providing coverage in the terahertz band of 6G mobile communication technology; multi-antenna transmission technologies such as full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and massive antennas; metamaterial-based lenses and antennas for improving coverage of terahertz band signals; high-dimensional spatial multiplexing technology using OAM (orbital angular momentum); and RIS (reconfigurable smart surfaces), but will also lay the foundation for the development of full-duplex technology for improving the frequency efficiency of 6G mobile communication technology and improving system networks; AI-based communication technology for achieving system optimization from the design stage by leveraging satellites and AI (artificial intelligence) and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and next-generation distributed computing technology for achieving services at a complexity level that exceeds the limits of UE operating capabilities by leveraging ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources. Summary of the invention

[0010] Solution to the problem

[0011] The present disclosure provides methods and devices for LTE / NR SL coexistence.

[0012] In one embodiment, a user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE includes a transceiver configured to: receive and transmit at a first subcarrier spacing (SCS) on an LTE sidelink (SL) interface; and receive and transmit at a second SCS greater than the first SCS on an NR SL interface. The LTE SL subframe overlaps in time with N NR SL time slots. The UE also includes a processor operably connected to the transceiver. The processor is configured to: perform sensing through the LTE SL interface; identify the presence of an LTE SL transmission in a first LTE SL subframe; and identify candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL time slots overlapping with the first LTE SL subframe. To perform sensing, the processor is also configured to: decode SL control information (SCI); and measure SL reference signal received power (SL-RSRP) associated with the SCI. The transceiver is also configured to transmit in the N NR SL time slots.

[0013] In another embodiment, a method is provided. The method includes: receiving and transmitting at a first subcarrier spacing (SCS) on an LTE SL interface; receiving and transmitting at a second SCS greater than the first SCS on an NR SL interface, wherein the LTE SL subframe overlaps in time with N NR SL time slots; performing sensing over the LTE SL interface. Performing sensing also includes: decoding the SCI; and measuring the SL-RSRP associated with the SCI. The method also includes: identifying the presence of an LTE SL transmission in a first LTE SL subframe; identifying candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL time slots overlapping with the first LTE SL subframe; and transmitting in the N NR SL time slots.

[0014] Other technical features may be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following drawings, descriptions and claims.

[0015] Before the following detailed description, it may be advantageous to set forth the definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document.The term "connection" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not these elements are in physical contact with each other.The terms "transmit", "receive" and "communication" and their derivatives cover direct and indirect communication.The terms "include" and "includes" and their derivatives mean including but not limited to.The term "or" is inclusive, meaning and / or.The phrase "associated with..." and its derivatives mean including, included in, interconnected with, included in, included in, connected to, connected to, connected to, connected to, connected to, can communicate with, collaborate with, interlace, juxtapose, adjacent to, coupled to, coupled to, have, have characteristics, have a relationship with, or have a relationship with, etc.The term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation.Such a controller can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware.The function associated with any particular controller can be centralized or distributed, whether local or remote. The phrase "at least one of" when used with a list of items means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; and A and B and C.

[0016] In addition, the various functions described below may be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed by a computer-readable program code and embodied in a computer-readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, steps, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data or a portion thereof suitable for implementation with a suitable computer-readable program code. The phrase "computer-readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code and executable code. The phrase "computer-readable medium" includes any type of medium that can be accessed by a computer, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a hard drive, a compact disk (CD), a digital video disk (DVD) or any other type of memory. "Non-transitory" computer-readable media excludes wired, wireless, optical or other communication links that transmit transient electrical signals or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable media include media that can permanently store data, as well as media that can store data and then rewrite data, such as rewritable optical disks or erasable memory devices.

[0017] Definitions for certain other words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many, if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior, as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0018] Beneficial Effects

[0019] Aspects of the present disclosure are to address at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below. Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient communication method in a wireless communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 2A and Figure 2B Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 3A An example UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 3B An example gNB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 4A and Figure 4B An example NR SL slot format according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 5A and Figure 5BAn example of an LTE subframe overlapping with an NR time slot according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; 7A to 7C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C An example is shown in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources do not overlap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig. 9 An example is shown in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources completely overlap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F An example of partial overlap of LTE SL resources and NR SL resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 An example of NR SL transmission across multiple time slots according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D and FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D An example is shown in which NR SL slots overlapping with the same LTE subframe are eliminated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 17A to FIG. 17E shows an example of power ramp down according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 18A to 18E shows an example of power ramping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig. 22 An example is shown in which a time slot used only for an NR resource pool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity; Fig.23 An example of transmission in a gap symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B An example of a method in which a UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E shows an example of power ramp down according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C shows an example of power ramping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and Fig.28 A method for LTE / NR coexistence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Aspects of the present disclosure are to address at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below. Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal and a communication method thereof in a wireless communication system.

[0023] Invention Mode

[0024] The following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings to assist in a comprehensive understanding of the various embodiments of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The following description includes various specific details that are helpful for understanding, but these should be considered as exemplary only. Therefore, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In addition, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures may be omitted.

[0025] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to their bibliographical meanings, but are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0026] It should be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component surface" includes reference to one or more of such surfaces.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms “first”, “second” and the like used in the present disclosure do not express any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components.

[0028] As used herein, any reference to "one example" or "example", "one implementation" or "implementation", "one embodiment" or "embodiment" means that a particular element, feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an example" in various places in this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment.

[0029] As used herein, "a portion" of a thing means "at least some" of the thing, and may also mean less than all of the thing, or all of the thing. Likewise, "a portion" of a thing includes the entire thing as a special case, that is, the entire thing is an example of a portion of the thing.

[0030] As used herein, the term "set" means one or more. Thus, a set of items can be a single item or a collection of two or more items.

[0031] In the present disclosure, in order to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or met, expressions such as "greater than" or "less than" are used as examples, and expressions such as "greater than or equal to" or "less than or equal to" are also applicable and are not excluded. For example, a condition defined by "greater than or equal to" can be replaced by "greater than" (or vice versa), a condition defined by "less than or equal to" can be replaced by "less than" (or vice versa), and the like.

[0032] It will be further understood that similar words such as the terms "comprise" or "include" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the listed elements or objects and their equivalents appearing after the word, but do not exclude other elements or objects. Similar words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left" and "right" are only used to express relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the principles of the present disclosure can be implemented in any appropriately arranged wireless communication system. For example, although the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will relate to LTE and / or 5G communication systems, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the main ideas of the present disclosure can also be applied to other communication systems with similar technical backgrounds and slightly modified channel formats. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, and for example, the communication system may include a global system for mobile communications (GSM), a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, a general packet radio service (GPRS) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), a world microwave access interoperability (WiMAX) communication system, a fifth generation (5G) system or a new radio (NR) system, etc. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to future-oriented communication technologies. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to future-oriented communication technologies.

[0034] In order to meet the increased demand for wireless data communication services since the deployment of the 4G communication system, efforts have been made to develop an improved 5G or quasi-5G communication system. Therefore, the 5G or quasi-5G communication system is also called a "super 4G network" or a "post-LTE system".

[0035] Discussed below Figures 1 to 28 The various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure in this patent document are only for illustration and should not be interpreted in any way as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the principles of the present disclosure can be implemented in any appropriately arranged wireless communication system.

[0036] In order to meet the increased demand for wireless data services since the deployment of 4G communication systems and to realize various vertical applications, 5G / NR communication systems have been deployed and are currently being deployed. 5G / NR communication systems are considered to be implemented in higher frequency (millimeter wave) bands (e.g., 28 GHz or 60 GHz bands) to achieve higher data rates, or in lower frequency bands (such as 6 GHz) to achieve robust coverage and mobility support. In order to reduce the propagation loss of radio waves and increase the transmission distance, beamforming, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), omnidirectional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and large antenna technology are discussed in 5G / NR communication systems.

[0037] In addition, in 5G / NR communication systems, system network improvements are being developed based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communications, coordinated multi-point (CoMP), receiving-side interference cancellation, etc.

[0038] The discussion of 5G systems and frequency bands associated therewith is for reference, as certain embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in 5G systems. However, the present disclosure is not limited to 5G systems or frequency bands associated therewith, and embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in conjunction with any frequency band. For example, aspects of the present disclosure may also be applied to 5G communication systems, 6G, or even higher deployments that may use terahertz (THz) frequency bands.

[0039] the following Figures 1 to 3B Various embodiments are described that are implemented in a wireless communication system and utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication techniques. Figure 1 The description up to Figure 3 is not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented.The different embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged communications system.

[0040] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiment of the wireless network shown is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless network includes gNB 101 (e.g., base station, BS), gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0042] The gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to a network 130 for a plurality of first user equipments (UEs) located within a coverage area 120 of the gNB 102. The plurality of first UEs include: a UE 111, which may be located in a small business; a UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise; a UE 113, which may be a WiFi hotspot; a UE 114, which may be located in a first residence; a UE 115, which may be located in a second residence; and a UE 116, which may be a mobile device such as a cellular phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless PDA, etc. The gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a plurality of second UEs within a coverage area 125 of the gNB 103. The plurality of second UEs include UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101 to 103 may communicate with each other and with the UEs 111 to 116 using 5G / NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication technologies.

[0043] In another example, UE 116 may be within network coverage and another UE may be outside network coverage (e.g., UEs 111A-111C). In yet another example, both UEs are outside network coverage. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G / NR, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication technologies. In some embodiments, UEs 111-116 may communicate using a device-to-device (D2D) interface referred to as PC5 (e.g., also referred to as a sidelink at the physical layer).

[0044] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" may refer to any component (or set of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmission point (TP), a transmission-reception point (TRP), an enhanced base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G / NR base station (gNB), a macro base station, a femto base station, a WiFi access point (AP), or other devices with wireless functions. The base station may provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols, for example, 5G / NR Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For convenience, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. In addition, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" or "UE" may refer to any component such as a "mobile station", "subscriber station", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal", "reception point", or "user device". For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or is generally considered a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0045] The dashed lines illustrate the approximate extents of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as generally circular for purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0046] As described in more detail below, one or more of UEs 111-116 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for LTE / NR SL coexistence. In certain embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for LTE / NR SL coexistence.

[0047] Although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network is shown, but Figure 1Various changes may be made. For example, the wireless network may include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. In addition, gNB 101 may communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102 to 103 may each communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. In addition, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 may provide access to other or additional external networks, such as an external telephone network or other type of data network.

[0048] As discussed in more detail below, the wireless network 100 may have communications facilitated via one or more devices (e.g., UEs 111A to 111C) that may perform SL communications with UE 111. For example, in the case where UEs 111A to 111C are remotely located or otherwise require the assistance of a network access connection (e.g., BS 102) other than a traditional fronthaul and / or backhaul connection / interface, UE 111 may communicate directly with UEs 111A to 111C via a set of SLs (e.g., SL interfaces) to provide sidelink communications and / or sidelink positioning. In one example, UE 111 may perform direct communications with UEs 111A to 111C via SL communications with or without support from BS 102. Various UEs (e.g., as depicted by UEs 112 to 116) may be able to perform one or more communications and / or positioning with their other UEs (such as UEs 111A to 111C for UE 111).

[0049] Figure 2A and Figure 2B Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. In the following description, the transmit path 200 may be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as, gNB 102), while the receive path 250 may be described as being implemented in a UE (such as, UE 116). However, it will be understood that the receive path 250 may be implemented in the gNB and the transmit path 200 may be implemented in the UE. It will also be understood that the receive path 250 may be implemented in a first UE and the transmit path 200 may be implemented in a second UE (or vice versa) to support SL communications. In some embodiments, the receive path 250 is configured to support LTE / NR SL coexistence, as described in embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] The transmit path 200 includes a channel coding and modulation block 205, a serial to parallel (S to P) block 210, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block of size N 215, a parallel to serial (P to S) block 220, an add cyclic prefix block 225, and an up converter (UC) 230. The receive path 250 includes a down converter (DC) 255, a remove cyclic prefix block 260, a serial to parallel (S to P) block 265, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block of size N 270, a parallel to serial (P to S) block 275, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 280.

[0051] In the transmit path 200, the channel coding and modulation block 205 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low density parity check (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as with quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency domain modulation symbols. The serial to parallel block 210 converts (such as demultiplexes) the serially modulated symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the IFFT / FFT size used in the gNB 102 and UE 116. The size-N IFFT block 215 performs an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time domain output signal. The parallel to serial block 220 converts (such as multiplexes) the parallel time domain output symbols from the size-N IFFT block 215 to generate a serial time domain signal. The add cyclic prefix block 225 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time domain signal. Upconverter 230 modulates (such as upconverts) the output of add cyclic prefix block 225 to RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal may also be filtered at baseband prior to conversion to RF frequency.

[0052] The RF signal transmitted from gNB 102 arrives at UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel, and the reverse operation of the operation at gNB 102 is performed at UE 116. Downconverter 255 downconverts the received signal to baseband frequency, and remove cyclic prefix block 260 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial to parallel block 265 converts the time-domain baseband signal into parallel time-domain signals. FFT block 270 of size N performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel to serial block 275 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 280 demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0053] Each of gNBs 101 to 103 may implement a transmit path 200 similar to transmitting in a downlink to UEs 111 to 116, and may implement a receive path 250 similar to receiving in an uplink from UEs 111 to 116. Similarly, each of UEs 111 to 116 may implement a transmit path 200 for transmitting in an uplink to gNBs 101 to 103 or to other UEs in a sidelink, and may implement a receive path 250 for receiving in a downlink from gNBs 101 to 103 or to other UEs in a sidelink.

[0054] Can be implemented using hardware only, or a combination of hardware and software / firmware Figure 2A and Figure 2B As a specific example, Figure 2A and 2B At least some of the components in can be implemented in software, while other components can be implemented by configurable hardware, or a mixture of software and configurable hardware. For example, FFT block 270 and IFFT block 215 can be implemented as a configurable software algorithm, wherein the value of size N can be modified according to the implementation.

[0055] In addition, although described as using FFT and IFFT, this is only by way of illustration and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Other types of transforms may be used, such as discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) functions. It should be understood that the value of the variable N may be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) for the DFT and IDFT functions, and the value of the variable N may be any integer (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.) as a power of two for the FFT and IFFT functions.

[0056] although Figure 2A and Figure 2B An example of a wireless transmission path and a wireless reception path is shown, but the Figure 2A and Figure 2B Make various changes. For example, Figure 2A and Figure 2B The various components in may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added according to specific needs. Figure 2A and Figure 2B It is intended to illustrate examples of the types of transmit and receive paths that may be used in a wireless network.Any other suitable architecture may be used to support wireless communications in a wireless network.

[0057] Figure 3A An example UE 116 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The embodiment of the UE 116 shown in FIG. 3 is for illustration only, and Figure 1 UEs 111 to 115 may have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have various configurations, and Figure 3A The scope of the present disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of a UE.

[0058] like Figure 3A As shown, UE 116 includes antenna 305, transceiver 310, and microphone 320. UE 116 also includes speaker 330, processor 340, input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 345, input 350, display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0059] Transceiver 310 receives incoming RF signals transmitted by a gNB of network 100 from antenna 305. Transceiver 310 downconverts the incoming RF signals to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is processed by RX processing circuitry in transceiver 310 and / or processor 340, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuitry sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 330 (such as for voice data) or is processed by processor 340 (such as for web browsing data).

[0060] The TX processing circuitry in the transceiver 310 and / or processor 340 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 320 or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor 340. The TX processing circuitry encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The transceiver 310 up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 305.

[0061] The processor 340 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and executes the OS 361 stored in the memory 360 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 340 may control the reception of DL and / or SL channels and signals and the transmission of UL and / or SL channels and signals by the transceiver 310 according to well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0062] The processor 340 is also capable of executing other processes and programs resident in the memory 360, such as processes for LTE / NRSL coexistence, as discussed in more detail below. The processor 340 can move data into or out of the memory 360 as needed to execute the process. In some embodiments, the processor 340 is configured to execute the application 362 based on the OS 361 or in response to a signal received from the gNB or other UE or operator. The processor 340 is also connected to the I / O interface 345, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptops and handheld computers. The I / O interface 345 is the communication path between these accessories and the processor 340.

[0063] Processor 340 is also connected to input 350 (which includes, for example, a touch screen, a keypad, etc.) and display 355. An operator of UE 116 may use input 350 to enter data into UE 116. Display 355 may be a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display, or other display capable of presenting text and / or at least limited graphics (such as from a website).

[0064] The memory 360 is connected to the processor 340. A portion of the memory 360 may include a random access memory (RAM), and another portion of the memory 360 may include a flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0065] Although Figure 3A An example of UE 116 is shown, but the Figure 3A Make various changes. For example, Figure 3A The various components in can be combined, further subdivided or omitted, and additional components can be added according to specific needs. As a specific example, the processor 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). In another example, the transceiver 310 can include any number of transceivers and signal processing chains and can be connected to any number of antennas. In addition, although Figure 3 shows a UE 116 configured as a mobile phone or smart phone, the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0066] Figure 3B An example gNB 102 is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3B The embodiment of the gNB 102 shown is for illustration purposes only, and Figure 1 gNBs 101 and 103 may have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs have a variety of configurations, and Figure 3B The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of gNB.

[0067] like Figure 3B As shown, the gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 370a to 370n, multiple transceivers 372a to 372n, a controller / processor 378, a memory 380, and a backhaul or network interface 382.

[0068] The RF transceivers 372a to 372n receive incoming RF signals from the antennas 370a to 370n, such as signals transmitted by UEs in the network 100. The transceivers 372a to 372n downconvert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are processed by receive (RX) processing circuitry in the transceivers 372a to 372n and / or the controller / processor 378, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. The controller / processor 378 may further process the baseband signals.

[0069] Transmit (TX) processing circuitry in the transceivers 372a-372n and / or the controller / processor 378 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 378. The TX processing circuitry encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The transceivers 372a-372n up-convert the baseband or IF signals into RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 370a-370n.

[0070] The controller / processor 378 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 378 may control the reception of UL channels and signals and the transmission of DL channels and signals by the transceivers 372a to 372n in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 378 may also support additional functionality, such as more advanced wireless communication functionality. For example, the controller / processor 378 may support beamforming or directional routing operations, in which outgoing / incoming signals from / to multiple antennas 370a to 370n are weighted differently to effectively direct the outgoing signals in a desired direction. The controller / processor 378 may support any of a variety of other functions in the gNB 102.

[0071] The controller / processor 378 is also capable of executing programs and other processes resident in the memory 380, such as an OS and, for example, processes to support LTE / NR SL coexistence, as discussed in more detail below. The controller / processor 225 can move data into or out of the memory 380 as required by the executing process.

[0072] The controller / processor 378 is also connected to a backhaul or network interface 382. The backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or via a network. The interface 382 may support communication over any suitable wired or wireless connection. For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 5G / NR, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 382 may allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 382 may allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or over a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). The interface 382 includes any suitable structure that supports communication over a wired or wireless connection (such as Ethernet or a transceiver).

[0073] Memory 380 is connected to controller / processor 378. A portion of memory 380 may include RAM, and another portion of memory 380 may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0074] Although Figure 3B An example of a gNB 102 is shown, but the Figure 3B For example, gNB 102 may include Figure 3B Any quantity of each component shown. In addition, Figure 3B The various components in may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added according to specific needs.

[0075] The following literature and standard descriptions are hereby incorporated into the present disclosure as if fully set forth herein: [1] 3GPP TS 38.211 v17.5.0, “NR; Physical channels and modulation.” [2] 3GPP TS 38.212 v17.5.0, “NR; Multiplexing and Channel coding.” [3] 3GPP TS 38.213 v17.6.0, “NR; Physical Layer Procedures for Control.” [4] 3GPP TS 38.214 v17.6.0, “NR; Physical Layer Procedures for Data.” [5] 3GPP TS 38.321 v17.5.0, “NR; Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification.” [6] 3GPP TS 38.331 v17.5.0, “NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification.” [7] 3GPP TS 36.213 v17.5.0, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures.” [8] RP-201385, “NR Sidelink enhancement”, LG Electronics, Online Conference, July 2020.

[0076] The time unit for DL ​​signaling, UL signaling, or SL signaling on a cell is a symbol. A symbol belongs to a slot including multiple symbols (such as 14 symbols). A slot can also be used as a time unit. A bandwidth (BW) unit is called a resource block (RB). One RB includes multiple subcarriers (SC). For example, a slot may have a duration of one millisecond, and an RB may have a bandwidth of 180 kHz and include 12 SCs, where the SC interval is 15 KHz. As another example, a slot may have a duration of 0.25 milliseconds and include 14 symbols, and an RB may have a BW of 720 kHz and include 12 SCs, where the SC interval is 60 kHz. An RB in one symbol of a slot is called a physical RB (PRB) and includes multiple resource elements (REs). A slot may be a full DL slot or a full UL slot, or a mixed slot similar to a special subframe in a time division duplex (TDD) system (see also REF 1). In addition, a slot may have a symbol for SL communication. A UE may be configured with one or more bandwidth parts (BWPs) of the system BW for transmitting or receiving signals or channels.

[0077] SL signals and channels are transmitted and received on subchannels within a resource pool, where a resource pool is a set of time-frequency resources used for SL transmission and reception within a SL BWP. SL channels include a physical SL shared channel (PSSCH) that conveys data information and second-stage / partial SL control information (SCI), a physical SL control channel (PSCCH) that conveys first-stage / partial SCI to schedule transmission / reception of PSSCH, a physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) that conveys hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) information in response to correct (ACK value) or incorrect (NACK value) transport block reception in the corresponding PSSCH, and the PSFCH can also carry conflict information and a physical SL broadcast channel (PSBCH) that conveys the system to help SL synchronization. The SL signal includes a demodulation reference signal DM-RS multiplexed in a PSSCH or PSCCH transmission to assist in data or SCI demodulation, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel measurement, a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) for tracking the carrier phase, and a SL primary synchronization signal (S-PSS) and a SL secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS) for SL synchronization. The SCI may include two parts / stages corresponding to two corresponding SCI formats, where, for example, a first SCI format is multiplexed on the PSCCH and a second SCI format is multiplexed with SL data on the PSSCH, which is transmitted in the physical resources indicated by the first SCI format.

[0078] The SL channel can operate in different broadcast modes. In unicast mode, PSCCH / PSSCH delivers SL information from one UE only to another UE. In groupcast mode, PSCCH / PSSCH delivers SL information from one UE to a group of UEs within a (pre-)configured group. In broadcast mode, PSCCH / PSSCH delivers SL information from one UE to all surrounding UEs. In NR Release 16, there are two resource allocation modes for PSCCH / PSSCH transmission. In resource allocation mode 1, the gNB schedules UEs on SL and delivers scheduling information to UEs transmitting on SL via DCI format. In resource allocation mode 2, the UE schedules SL transmission. SL transmission can operate within network coverage, where every UE is within the communication range of the gNB, outside the network coverage (where all UEs do not communicate with any gNB), or with partial network coverage, where only some UEs are within the communication range of the gNB.

[0079] In case of multicast PSCCH / PSSCH transmission, the network may configure the UE with one of two options for reporting HARQ-ACK information by the UE: -HARQ-ACK reporting option (1): For example, if the UE detects an SCI format that schedules TB reception through the corresponding PSSCH reception, the UE may attempt to decode the transport block (TB) in the PSSCH reception. If the UE fails to correctly decode the TB, the UE multiplexes a negative acknowledgement (NACK) in the PSFCH transmission. In this option, when the UE correctly decodes the TB, the UE does not transmit the PSFCH with a positive acknowledgement (ACK).

[0080] -HARQ-ACK reporting option (2): For example, if the UE detects the SCI format of the corresponding PSSCH, the UE may attempt to decode the TB. If the UE correctly decodes the TB, the UE multiplexes the ACK in the PSFCH transmission; otherwise, if the UE does not correctly decode the TB, the UE multiplexes the NACK in the PSFCH transmission.

[0081] In HARQ-ACK reporting option (1), when the UE transmitting the PSSCH detects NACK in the PSFCH reception, the UE can transmit another PSSCH with TB (retransmission of the TB). In HARQ-ACK reporting option (2), when the UE transmitting the PSSCH does not detect ACK in the PSFCH reception, such as when the UE detects NACK or does not detect PSFCH reception, the UE can transmit another PSSCH with TB.

[0082] The sidelink resource pool includes a group / pool of time slots and a group / pool of RBs for sidelink transmission and sidelink reception. A group of time slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool can be composed of Represents and can be configured, for example, using at least a bitmap. is the number of SL time slots in the resource pool. In the frequency domain for sidelink transmission, there is contiguous subchannels, where Provided by higher-level parameters. (in between 0 and Between) by a group consecutive PRBs are given by Given, where , and Provided by high-level parameters.

[0083] For time slot resource (re)selection or re-evaluation during the resource selection window, the UE may determine A set of available single-slot resources for transmission within the range, so that the single-slot resources used for transmission is defined as a set Continuous subchannel , where in the time slot middle, . Determined by the UE, ,in is the PSSCH processing time, e.g., as defined in REF 4. Determined by the UE, so that ,but ,otherwise Equal to the remaining packet delay budget. Configured by higher layers and depends on the priority of SL transmission.

[0084] The time slots of the SL resource pool are determined as follows: 1. Let the set of time slots that can belong to a resource be Indicates that and . is the subcarrier spacing configuration. For 15 kHz subcarrier spacing. For 30 kHz subcarrier spacing. For 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. For 120kHz subcarrier spacing. The slot index is relative to slot #0 of SFN #0 (system frame number 0) or DFN #0 (direct frame number 0) of the serving cell. The group of slots includes all slots except: a. Configured for SL SS / PBCH block (S-SSB) time slots.

[0085] b. time slots, where at least one SL symbol is not represented by a higher layer parameter tdd-UL-DL- ConfigurationCommon or sl-TDD-Configuration Semi-statically configured as UL symbols. In the SL time slot, the Yth, (Y+1), ..., (Y+X-1)th OFDM symbols are SL symbols, where Y is determined by the high-level parameter sl-StartSymbol Determined, and X is determined by the high-level parameters sl-LengthSymbols Sure.

[0086] c. The reserved time slots are determined so that the group The time slot in is the bitmap length ( ), where bitmap Configured by higher layers. The reserved time slots are determined as follows: i. Assume is in the range 0... A group of slots within a , excluding S-SSB slots and non-SL slots. The slots are arranged in ascending order of slot index.

[0087] ii. The number of reserved time slots is given by: .

[0088] iii. Reserved time slots Given by: ,in Given by: .

[0089] 2. The time slots are arranged in ascending order of the time slot index.

[0090] 3. A set of time slots belonging to the SL resource pool It is determined as follows: a. Each resource pool has a length of The corresponding bitmap .

[0091] b. If , then the time slot Belongs to the SL resource pool.

[0092] c. The remaining time slots are from 0, 1, ..., Start indexing continuously. is the number of remaining time slots in the group.

[0093] The time slots may be numbered (indexed) as physical time slots or logical time slots, where physical time slots include all sequentially numbered time slots and logical time slots include only sequentially numbered time slots that may be allocated to the sidelink resource pool as described above. (in milliseconds) to the logical time slot The conversion of is given (see Section 8.1.7 of 38.214[4]).

[0094] For time slot resource (re)selection or re-evaluation during the resource selection window, the UE may determine A set of available single-slot resources for transmission within the range, so that the single-slot resources used for transmission is defined as a set Continuous subchannel , where in the time slot middle, . Determined by the UE, ,in is the PSSCH processing time, e.g., as defined in REF 4. Determined by the UE, so that ,but ,otherwise Equal to the remaining packet delay budget. Configured by higher layers and depends on the priority of SL transmission.

[0095] Resource (re)selection is a two-step process: -The first step (e.g., performed in the physical layer) is to identify candidate resources within the resource selection window. Candidate resources are resources that belong to the resource pool, but exclude resources that were previously reserved or potentially reserved by other UEs (e.g., resource exclusion). The excluded resources are based on SCIs that are decoded in the sensing window and for which the UE measures a SL RSRP that exceeds a threshold. The threshold depends on the priority indicated in the SCI format and on the priority of the SL transmission. Therefore, sensing within the sensing window involves decoding the first stage SCI and measuring the corresponding SL RSRP, where the SL RSRP can be based on PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS. Sensing is performed on time slots where the UE does not transmit SL. The excluded resources are candidate resources identified after providing resource exclusion to higher layers based on reserved transmissions or semi-persistent transmissions that may conflict with the excluded resources or either of the reserved or semi-persistent transmissions.

[0096] - The second step (eg, performed in a high level) is to select or reselect a resource from the identified candidate resources.

[0097] During the first step of the resource (re)selection procedure, the UE can In the monitoring time slot, the UE monitors the time slots belonging to the corresponding sidelink TX resource pool that are not used for the UE's own transmission. In order to determine the candidate single-slot resource set reported to the higher layer, the UE excludes the following items from a set of available single-slot resources that can be used for SL transmission in the TX resource pool and in the resource selection window (e.g., resource exclusion): 1. Single time slot resources , so that for any time slot not monitored in the sensing window with the assumed received SCI format 1-0 , where the Resource Reservation Period is set as a high-level parameter reservationPeriodAllowed Any periodicity value is allowed and indicates all subchannels of the resource pool in this time slot, satisfying the following condition 2.2.

[0098] 2. Single time slot resources , so that for any received SCI within the sensing window: 1. The associated L1-RSRP measurement is above a (pre-)configured SL-RSRP threshold, where the SL-RSRP threshold depends on the priority indicated in the received SCI and the priority of the SL transmission for which resources were selected.

[0099] 2. (Condition 2.2) In the time slot The received SCI in the received SCI (or if the "Resource Reservation Field" is present in the received SCI, it is assumed that the received in the same SCI) indicates that A set of overlapping resource blocks. ,in, if and . In milliseconds

[0100] otherwise

[0101] if belong ,but ,otherwise Is in the group Time slot The first time slot after that.

[0102]

[0103] is the resource reservation period indicated in the SCI received in the physical time slot, and is the value converted to a logical time slot.

[0104] is the resource reservation period for SL transmissions for which resources are reserved in the logical time slot.

[0105] 3. If the candidate resources are less than a (pre-)configured percentage of the total available resources within the resource selection window, such as 20%, then the (pre-)configured SL-RSRP threshold is increased by a predetermined amount, such as 3 dB.

[0106] NR sidelink introduces two new procedures for Mode 2 resource allocation: re-evaluation and pre-emption. The re-evaluation check is done when the UE checks the availability of the pre-selected SL resource before first signaling the resource in SCI format and if a new SL resource needs to be re-selected. The pre-selected resource signaled in the UE at least in the time slot Reassessment checks are performed in the . Reassessment checks include: -Perform the first step of the SL resource selection process as previously described [38.214 Section 8.1.4], which involves identifying a set of candidate (available) side link resources in the resource selection window, as previously described.

[0107] - if a pre-selected resource is available in the set of candidate sidelink resources, use / signal that resource for sidelink transmission; - Otherwise, the pre-selected resource is not available in the candidate side link resource set, and a new side link resource is reselected from the candidate side link resource set.

[0108] A preemption check is performed when the UE checks the availability of a pre-selected SL resource that has been previously signaled and reserved in the SCI format, and if a new SL resource needs to be reselected. The pre-selected and reserved resources signaled in the UE at least in the time slot When implemented by a higher layer, the preemption check includes: -Perform the first step of the SL resource selection process as previously described [38.214 Section 8.1.4], which involves identifying a set of candidate (available) side link resources in the resource selection window, as previously described.

[0109] - if a pre-selected and reserved resource is available in the set of candidate sidelink resources, use / signal that resource for sidelink transmission; - Otherwise, the pre-selected and reserved resources are not available in the candidate side link resource set. The associated SCI has an RSRP exceeding the threshold and excludes the resource from the candidate resource set. Let the priority value of the sidelink resource for preemption check be .

[0110] oIf the priority value is less than the threshold configured by the higher level and the priority value Less than priority value . Preempt the pre-selected and reserved side link resource. Reselect a new side link resource from the set of candidate side link resources. It should be noted that a lower priority value indicates a higher priority service.

[0111] o Otherwise, use / signal the resource for sidelink transmission.

[0112] As described above, the monitoring process for resource (re)selection during the sensing window requires receiving and decoding the SCI format during the sensing window, as well as measuring the SL RSRP. This reception and decoding process and measuring the SL RSRP increase the processing complexity and power consumption of the UE for sidelink communication, and require the UE to have a receiving circuit system for sensing on the SL even if the UE only transmits and does not receive on the sidelink. The above sensing process is called full sensing.

[0113] 3GPP Release 16 is the first NR release to include sidelink through work item “5G V2X with NR Sidelink”, which is a mechanism introduced that is primarily focused on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and can be used for public safety when service requirements can be met. Release 17 extends sidelink support to more use cases through work item “NR Sidelink Enhancements” (RP-201385). The objectives of Rel-17 SL include: (1) Resource allocation enhancements to reduce power consumption. (2) Enhanced reliability and reduced latency.

[0114] Rel-17 introduces low power resource allocation. Low power resource allocation schemes include partial sensing and random resource selection. If the SL transmission from the UE is periodic, partial sensing can be based on periodic based partial sensing (PBPS) and / or continuous partial sensing (CPS). If the SL transmission from the UE is aperiodic, if the resource pool supports periodic reservation (i.e., sl_multiReserveResource When the UE performs PBPS and has periodic resource reservation, the UE selects a set of Y time slots within the resource selection window corresponding to the PBPS ( ),in By high-level parameters minNumCandidateSlotsPeriodic Provides UE monitoring The time slots at is one of the Y selected candidate time slots. The periodic value used to sense the PBPS (i.e., ) is determined by the high-level parameters sl-ResourceReservePeriodList A subset of the resource reservation periods allowed in the provided resource pool. Provided by the high-level parameter periodicSensingOccasionReservePeriodList. If not configured, include sl-ResourceReservePeriodList UE monitors all periodicity of additionalPeriodicSensingOccasion Determined (as previously described) and no earlier than k sensing opportunities. For a given periodicity , if not (pre)configured additionalPeriodicSensing Occasion, then the value of k corresponds to the ratio The earliest recent sensing opportunity, and if (pre-)configured additionalPeriodicSensingOccasion , then additionally includes the value of k corresponding to the last periodic sensing opportunity before the most recent sensing opportunity. is the first time slot among the Y candidate time slots selected for PBPS. When the UE performs CPS and there is no periodic resource reservation, the UE selects a set of Y time slots within the resource selection window corresponding to CPS ( ),in By high-level parameters minNumCandidateSlotsAperiodic The sensing window of CPS is in the logical time slot (the first of Y' candidate time slots) at least A logical time slot begins and Finish.

[0115] Rel-17 introduces Inter-UE Coordination (IUC) to enhance reliability and reduce latency of resource allocation, where SL UEs exchange information with each other via the side link to assist the resource allocation Mode 2 (re)selection process. UE-A provides information to UE-B, and UE-B uses the provided information for its resource allocation Mode 2 (re)selection process. IUC is designed to solve problems of distributed resource allocation, such as: (1) the hidden node problem, where UE-B is transmitting to UE-A and UE-B cannot sense or detect transmissions from UE-C that would interfere with its transmissions to UE-A, (2) the exposed node problem, where UE-B is transmitting to UE-A and UE-B senses or detects transmissions from UE-C and avoids resources used or reserved by UE-C, but UE-C does not cause interference to UE-A, (3) the persistent collision problem, and (4) the half-duplex problem, where UE-B transmits to UE-A in the same time slot in which UE-A is transmitting, and UE-A will miss the transmission from UE-B because UE-A cannot receive and transmit in the same time slot.

[0116] There are two solutions for coordination between UEs: 1. In one example, in scheme 1, UE-A may provide another UE-B with an indication of resources that are preferably included in the resources (re)selected by UE-B, or an indication of non-preferred resources to be excluded from the resources (re)selected by UE-B. When given preferred resources, UE-B may use only those resources for its resource (re)selection, or UE-B may combine these resources with resources identified by its own sensing process, for example, by finding the intersection of the two sets of resources, for its resource (re)selection. When given non-preferred resources, UE-B may exclude these resources from the resources identified by its own sensing process for its resource (re)selection.

[0117] The transmission of coordination information (e.g., IUC message) sent by UE-A to UE-B and coordination information request (e.g., UIC request) sent by UE-A to UE-B is transmitted in a MAC-CE message and may also be transmitted in a stage 2 SCI format (SCI format 2-C) if supported by the UE. The benefit of using the second stage SCI is reduced latency. The IUC message from UE-A to UE-B may be transmitted alone or may be combined with other SL data. The coordination information (IUC message) may be a response to a request from UE-B or may be due to a condition at UE-A. In response to UE-A transmitting an IUC message to UE-B in unicast mode, an IUC request is unicast from UE-B to UE-A. When the IUC message transmitted as a result of an internal condition at UE-A includes a preferred resource, the IUC message may be unicast to UE-B, or when the IUC information includes a non-preferred resource, it may be unicast, multicast or broadcast to UE-B. Taking into account the SL-RSRP measurement of the sensed data and the priority of the sensed data, i.e., the priority field of the PSCCH decoded during sensing and the priority of the traffic transmitted by UE-B in the case of request-based IUC or the configured priority in the case of condition-based IUC, UE-A can determine the preferred or non-preferred resources for UE-B based on its own sensing. Non-preferred resources for UE-B can also be determined to avoid half-duplex problems, where UE-A cannot receive data from UE-B in the same time slot where UE-A is transmitting.

[0118] 2. In another example, in scheme 2, UE-A may provide another UE-B with an indication that resources reserved for UE-B's transmission (regardless of whether UE-A is the destination UE for these resources) are subject to a conflict with a transmission from another UE. UE-A determines the conflicting resources based on the priority and RSRP of the transmissions involved in the conflict. UE-A may also determine the existence of a conflict due to a half-duplex problem, where UE-A cannot receive the reserved resources from UE-B while UE-A is transmitting. When UE-B receives a conflict indication for the reserved resources, UE-B may reselect new resources to replace them.

[0119] The contention information from UE-A is transmitted in a PSFCH channel that is (pre-)configured separately from the PSFCH for SL-HARQ operation.The timing of the PSFCH channel carrying the contention information may be based on the SCI indicating the reserved resources, or based on the reserved resources.

[0120] In both schemes, UE-A may identify resources based on a number of conditions based on the SL-RSRP of the resource in question as a function of traffic priority and / or whether UE-A will be unable to receive transmissions from UE-B due to performing its own transmissions (i.e., half-duplex issues). The purpose of this information exchange is to give UE-B information acquired by UE-A about resource occupancy that UE-B may not be able to determine on its own due to hidden nodes, exposed nodes, ongoing conflicts, etc.

[0121] Release 18 considers further evolution of the NR SL air interface for operation in unlicensed bands, beam-based operation in FR2, SL carrier aggregation, and co-channel coexistence between LTE SL and NR SL.

[0122] The present disclosure considers dynamic co-channel coexistence between LTE SL and NR SL. The LTE SL resource pool and the NR SL resource pool share at least some time slots. Depending on whether there is a PSFCH transmission opportunity, there are two NR time slot format types. This is determined by the high-level parameter sl-PSFCH-Period Determine, expressed as .if If equal to zero, the transmission of PSFCH is disabled in the resource pool. Otherwise, the UE expects that if , then the time slot With PSFCH transmission opportunities, ,in It is the number of logical time slots in the resource pool within 10240 milliseconds.

[0123] Figure 4A and Figure 4B Example NR SL slot formats without and with PSFCH according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 4A and Figure 4B The embodiment of the NR SL time slot format shown is for illustration only. Different embodiments of the NR SL time slot format may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0124] exist Figure 4A In the example of , the time slot format is an NRSL time slot that includes only PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions without PSFCH transmission opportunities. In this example, all 14 symbols of the time slot are allocated to SL transmissions. In a variant example, based on high-level configuration, less than 14 symbols may be allocated to SL transmissions, as previously described. PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions extend from the second SL symbol to the second-to-last SL symbol. The first SL symbol is an AGC symbol, or a copy (repetition) of the second SL symbol (a copy (repetition) of the first PSSCH / PSCCH symbol). The last SL symbol is a gap symbol with no transmission.

[0125] exist Figure 4B In the example of , the slot format is an NR SL slot that includes PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH transmission opportunities. In this example, all 14 symbols of the slot are allocated to SL transmission. In a variant example, based on the high-level configuration, less than 14 symbols may be allocated to SL transmission, as previously described. PSSCH / PSCCH transmission extends from the second SL symbol to the fifth-to-last SL symbol. The first SL symbol is an AGC symbol, or a copy (repetition) of the second SL symbol (copy (repetition) of the first PSSCH / PSCCH symbol). The fourth-to-last SL symbol is a gap symbol that is not transmitted to separate the PSSCH / PSCCH from the PSFCH transmission opportunity. This is the gap symbol between the PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH transmission opportunities. The third-to-last and second-to-last SL symbols are used for PSFCH transmission opportunities. The third-to-last SL symbol is a copy (repetition) of the second-to-last SL symbol and can be considered as an AGC symbol for PSFCH. The last SL symbol is a gap symbol that is not transmitted.

[0126] although Figure 4A and Figure 4B Examples of NR SL slot formats without and with PSFCH are shown, but can be Figure 4A and Figure 4B For example, various changes can be made to the symbols, the number of symbols, the symbol intervals, etc. according to specific needs.

[0127] When an NR timeslot is configured to have a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the transmit power of NR may change over the timeslot, as described later in this disclosure. The NR timeslot of the NR resource pool may also be an LTE subframe of the LTE resource pool, and the received signal strength at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver changes during the LTE SL subframe. This may affect the operation of the AGC amplifier. The AGC amplifier is designed to keep the power at its output constant, so when the signal strength (power level) at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver or the input of the AGC amplifier changes due to power changes within the NR SL timeslot (overlapping with the LTE SL subframe), the gain of the AGC amplifier changes, and if the power change is sudden, the gain change may also be sudden, which may affect the performance of LTE SL reception. In the present disclosure, methods for mitigating or eliminating the impact of power changes within a timeslot on an LTE SL receiver are considered.

[0128] Figure 5A and Figure 5B An example of an LTE subframe overlapping with an NR slot having a different subcarrier spacing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5A and Figure 5B The example of LTE subframes overlapping with NR time slots in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of LTE subframes overlapping with NR time slots may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0129] When the NR resource pool is configured with a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, and the NR resource pool overlaps with the NTE resource pool. The LTE resource pool uses a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. Therefore, the LTE subframe overlaps with 2 NR time slots at 30 kHz, such as Figure 5A As shown. If the NR SL UE transmits in one of the time slots but not the other, or if the UE's transmit power changes between two time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe, the received signal strength at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver changes during the LTE SL subframe. This may affect the operation of the AGC amplifier. The AGC amplifier is designed to keep the power at its output constant, so when the signal strength (power level) at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver or the input of the AGC amplifier changes due to power changes within the NR SL time slot (overlapping with the LTE SL time slot), the gain of the AGC amplifier changes, and if the power change is sudden, the gain change may also be sudden, which may affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0130] In yet another example, when the NR resource pool is configured with a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz and the NR resource pool overlaps with the NTE resource pool. The LTE resource pool uses a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. Therefore, the LTE subframe overlaps with 4 NR time slots at 60 kHz, as shown in FIG. Figure 5B as shown. If the NR SL UE transmits in some of the time slots but not in some other time slots, or if the UE's transmit power changes within the four time slots overlapping the LTE subframe, the received signal strength at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver changes during the LTE SL subframe, thereby affecting the AGC amplifier of the LTE SL receiver, which may affect the performance of the LTE SL reception, as previously described. In general, the described problem occurs when the SCS of the NR resource pool and the SCS of the LTE resource pool are different (e.g., 15 kHz) and the LTE subframe overlaps with multiple NR time slots.

[0131] although Figure 5A and Figure 5B shows an example of LTE subframes overlapping NR slots with different subcarrier spacing, but Figure 5A and Figure 5B For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, subframe frequency, NR time slot frequency, number of symbols, etc. according to specific needs.

[0132] In the present disclosure, methods are considered to mitigate or eliminate the impact of power changes within an LTE subframe on an LTE SL receiver.

[0133] It should be noted that when NR and LTE have the same subcarrier spacing, but the number of symbols in the LTE subframe is different from the number of symbols in the NR slot (or subslot), the LTE subframe can also overlap with multiple NR slots (or subslots). The method of mitigating the impact of AGC proposed in this disclosure is also applicable to such cases.

[0134] 3GPP Release 16 is the first NR release to include sidelink through work item “5G V2X with NR Sidelink”, which is a mechanism introduced that is primarily focused on vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and can be used for public safety when service requirements can be met. Release 17 extends sidelink support to more use cases through work item “NR Sidelink Enhancement” (RP-201385). Release 18 considers further evolution of the NR SL air interface for operation in unlicensed bands, beam-based operation in FR2, SL carrier aggregation, and co-channel coexistence between LTE SL and NR SL. The automotive industry has identified LTE SL / NRSL coexistence as one of the top 3 priorities for further evolution of SL. In one example, coexistence can be static or semi-static coexistence. A set of resources is allocated for LTE SL, and a non-overlapping set of resources is allocated for NR SL. Such static or semi-static allocation may result in less efficient operation as it does not take into account short term variations in LTE SL traffic and NR SL traffic which may result in one set of resources being lightly utilized at one point in time and a second set of resources being heavily utilized, and vice versa at a second point in time. To address the inefficiencies of semi-static allocation, a more dynamic spectrum (resource) sharing approach may be considered where resources can be used by both LTE SL and NR SL. Without further enhancements, this may result in increased contention between LTE SL traffic and NR SL traffic, leading to higher BLER and therefore reduced capacity.

[0135] One of the problems that could potentially occur is due to the variation of the transmit power of the LTE SL UE within a subframe and its potential impact on the received signal strength at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC and therefore the performance of the LTE SL reception. As mentioned earlier, when the subcarrier spacing of NR is different from the subcarrier spacing of LTE, the LTE subframe may overlap with multiple NR slots, some of the NR slots overlapping with the LTE subframe may be transmitted while others are not, or the slots are transmitted at different power levels. For example, consider the case where the NR SL has a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz. There are several possibilities for the transmission from the NR SL UE, such as FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C shown.

[0136] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C The transmission from the NR SL UE in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of the transmission from the NR SL UE may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0137] exist Fig. 6AIn the example, there is no transmission from the UE in the first SL time slot, but the UE transmits in the second SL time slot. When transmitting the second SL time slot, there may be a power spike at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver and thus may affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0138] exist Figure 6B In the example, there is a transmission from the UE in the first SL time slot, but the UE does not transmit in the second SL time slot. At the end of the first SL time slot, there may be a power drop at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver and thus may affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0139] exist Figure 6C In the example, the UE transmits in both the first SL time slot and the second SL time slot, however, there may be a power change between the first SL time slot and the second SL time slot, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver. Even if the transmit power in the first SL time slot and the second SL time slot is the same, there is a gap symbol at the end of the first SL time slot, so the power decreases after transmitting the first SL time slot and before increasing again when transmitting the second SL gap. This decrease and increase in transmit power may cause the power level at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver to change, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver and may therefore affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0140] It should also be noted that Figure 4B As shown, when the NR SL time slot includes PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, AGC impact may occur on the LTE receiver due to power changes within the NR SL time slot.

[0141] although FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE is shown, but the same may be said of transmission from an NR SL UE. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, AGC effects, gap symbols, etc. according to specific needs.

[0142] One way to solve the AGC problem at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver is to configure the NR SL UE to transmit at the same power level on all NR time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe. Another method is to control the ramp up and ramp down of power in the time slots overlapping with the LTE frame. In the present disclosure, several methods are proposed for making the transmit power of the NR SL UE constant or almost constant during the LTE subframe.

[0143] Another of the problems that may potentially occur is due to the variation of the transmit power of the NR SL UE within a timeslot and its potential impact on the received signal strength at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC and therefore the performance of the LTE SL reception. As mentioned earlier, some NR timeslots may include PSFCH transmission opportunities. When LTE SL and NR SL transmit in the same timeslot, and NR SL uses a timeslot that is configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity. There are several possibilities for the transmission from the NR SL UE, such as 7A to 7C shown.

[0144] 7A to 7C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. 7A to 7C The transmission from the NR SL UE in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of the transmission from the NR SL UE may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0145] exist Fig. 7A In the example of , PSFCH is transmitted by the UE and there is no corresponding PSSCH / PSCCH transmission from the UE. When PSFCH is transmitted, there may be a power spike at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC circuitry at the LTE SL UE receiver and thus may affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0146] In the example Figure 7B In the example, PSSCH / PSCCH is transmitted by the UE and there is no corresponding PSFCH transmission from the UE: at the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission, there may be a power drop at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver, which may affect the AGC circuitry at the LTE SL UE receiver and may therefore affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0147] In the example Figure 7C In the LTE SL UE, both PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH are transmitted by the UE, however, there may be a power change between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver. Even if the power of PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH is the same, there is a gap symbol after the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and before the PSFCH transmission, so the power will drop after the transmission of PSSCH / PSCCH and before it increases again when transmitting PSFCH. This decrease and increase in transmit power may cause the power level at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver to change, which may affect the AGC circuit system at the LTE SL UE receiver and may therefore affect the performance of LTE SL reception.

[0148] although 7A to 7C An example of transmission from an NR SL UE is shown, but the same may be said of transmission from an NR SL UE. 7A to 7C For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, AGC effects, gap symbols, etc. according to specific needs.

[0149] One way to solve the AGC problem at the input of the LTE SL UE receiver is to configure the PSFCH transmission opportunity in a time slot of the NR resource pool that is not used by LTE SL. Another way to solve this problem is to avoid power changes within the time slot configured for PSFCH. In this disclosure, we propose several methods for making the transmit power of the NR SL UE constant or almost constant during the SL time slot configured with the PSFCH transmission opportunity. Another way to solve this problem is to gradually ramp up or down the power to avoid sudden power changes.

[0150] In the present disclosure, RRC signaling (e.g., configuration via RRC signaling) includes the following: (1) RRC signaling via the Uu interface, which may be RRC signaling based on a system information block (SIB) (e.g., SIB1 or other SIBs) or RRC dedicated signaling sent to a specific UE, and / or (2) PC5-RRC signaling via a PC5 or SL interface.

[0151] In the present disclosure, MAC CE signaling includes: (1) MAC CE signaling through the Uu interface and / or (2) MAC CE signaling through the PC5 or SL interface.

[0152] In the present disclosure, L1 control signaling includes: (1) L1 control signaling through the Uu interface, which may include (1a) DL control information (e.g., DCI on PDCCH) and / or (1b) UL control information (e.g., UCI on PUCCH or PUSCH), and / or (2) SL control information through the PC5 or SL interface, which may include (2a) first-stage sidelink control information (e.g., first-stage SCI on PSCCH) and / or (2b) second-stage sidelink control information (e.g., second-stage SCI on PSSCH) and / or (2c) feedback control information (e.g., control information carried on PSFCH).

[0153] In some embodiments, LTE SL and NR SL may coexist. The coexistence of LTE SL and NR SL may be based on FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C , Fig. 9 and FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F In these examples, resources refer to time-frequency resources.

[0154] In one example, the LTE SL resources and the NR SL resources do not overlap, separate resources may be used for the LTE SL, and separate resources may be used for the NR SL. For example, the LTE SL resources and the NR SL resources may be frequency-division multiplexed, such as Fig. 8A As shown, or time division multiplexing can be performed, such as Figure 8B As shown, or a mixture of time division multiplexing and frequency division multiplexing, such as Figure 8C shown.

[0155] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C An example is shown in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources do not overlap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C The example in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources do not overlap is for illustration only. Different embodiments in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources do not overlap may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0156] In another example, LTE SL resources and NR SL resources completely overlap. Fig. 9 Shown in.

[0157] Fig. 9 An example in which LTE SL resources and NR SL resources completely overlap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Fig. 9 The example in which the LTE SL resources and the NR SL resources completely overlap is for illustration only. Different embodiments in which the LTE SL resources and the NR SL resources completely overlap may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0158] In another example, LTE SL resources and NR SL resources partially overlap. FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F Shown in.

[0159] FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F An example of partial overlap of LTE SL resources and NR SL resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F The example of partial overlap of LTE SL resources and NR SL resources is for illustration only. Different embodiments of partial overlap of LTE SL resources and NR SL resources may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0160] In one example, some resources are used for both LTE SL and NR SL, other resources are used only for LTE SL, and other resources are used only for NR SL. Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B This is shown by way of example.

[0161] In another example, some resources are used for LTE SL and NR SL, and other resources are used only for LTE SL. Fig. 10C and Fig. 10D This is shown by way of example.

[0162] In another example, some resources are used for both LTE SL and NR SL, and other resources are used only for NR SL. Fig.10E and Fig.10F This is shown by way of example.

[0163] although FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C , Fig. 9 and FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F An example of overlapping LTE SL resources and NR SL resources is shown, but FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C , Fig. 9 and FIG. 10A to FIG. 10F Make various changes. For example, you can make various changes to the frequency, time, resources, etc. according to specific needs.

[0164] In the present disclosure, resources shared by NR SL and LTE SL are considered, wherein the resources shared between LTE SL and NR SL may be fully shared resources or partially shared resources.

[0165] In one example, resources shared by LTE and NR SL UEs may be configured to be used by one of: - (1) LTE SL UE and (2) NR SL UE supporting dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UE - (1) LTE SL UEs and (2) any NR SL UEs, regardless of whether they support dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UEs - (1) LTE SL UEs and (2) any NR SL UEs, regardless of whether they support dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UEs. UEs that do not support dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UEs can only receive SL (no transmission) on resources shared with LTE SL.

[0166] - (1) LTE SL UEs and (2) any NR SL UEs, regardless of whether they support dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UEs. NR SL UEs may receive inter-UE coordination information, which may include preferred or non-preferred resources or conflicts with LTE resource reservations. UEs that do not support dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UEs and do not support inter-UE coordination information may only receive SL (no transmission) on resources shared with LTE SL.

[0167] In the above, dynamic channel coexistence with LTE SL UE may, for example, refer to the ability of NR SL UE to avoid resources reserved by LTE SL UE.

[0168] In one example, the NR SL transmission spans multiple slots. The LTE subframe overlaps N NR slots. For example, when the NR subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz, N is 2. When the NR subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, N is 4. When the NR subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz, N is 8.

[0169] Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 An example of NR SL transmission across multiple time slots according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The example of NR SL transmission across multiple time slots is for illustration only. Different embodiments of NR SL transmission across multiple time slots may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0170] exist Fig.11 In the example shown, the subcarrier spacing of NR SL is 30 kHz and the subcarrier spacing of LTE is 15 kHz, i.e., N=2, and two NR slots span one LTE subframe. NR transmission spans 2 slots. The index of the first slot is denoted as 0 and the index of the second slot is denoted as 1. NR transmission includes: - The first symbol which is a replication of the first PSSCH / PSCCH, also called an AGC symbol.

[0171] - Gap symbol at the end of slot 1 (with 30 kHz subcarrier spacing) or generally at the end of slot N-1.

[0172] -PSSCH / PSCCH transmission spanning the remaining symbols. The structure of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission follows the Rel-16 structure described in TS 38.211, but with more SL symbols. The PSSCH / PSCCH transmission includes (1) PSCCH with first-stage SL control information (SCI), (2) PSSCH including (2a) second-stage SCI and (2b) SL transport blocks provided by higher layers.

[0173] If NR has subcarrier spacing kHz, where ,but And NR transmission spans overlapping with LTE subframes NR time slots.

[0174] exist Fig.12In the example shown, the subcarrier spacing of NR SL is 30 kHz and the subcarrier spacing of LTE is 15 kHz, i.e., N=2, and two NR slots span one LTE subframe. NR transmission spans 2 slots. The index of the first slot is denoted as 0 and the index of the second slot is denoted as 1. NR transmission includes: - The first symbol which is a replication of the first PSSCH / PSCCH, also called an AGC symbol.

[0175] - N slot symbols at the end of slot N-1. In case of 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, this is 2 slot symbols at the end of slot 1. N slot symbols for NR span one symbol for LTE.

[0176] -PSSCH / PSCCH transmission spanning the remaining symbols. The structure of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission follows the Rel-16 structure described in TS 38.211, but with more SL symbols. The PSSCH / PSCCH transmission includes (1) PSCCH with first-stage SL control information (SCI), (2) PSSCH including (2a) second-stage SCI and (2b) SL transport blocks provided by higher layers.

[0177] If NR has subcarrier spacing kHz, where , And NR transmission spans the overlapping LTE subframes NR time slots.

[0178] exist Fig.12 In a variation of the example of , the duplicate symbol (AGC symbol) spans N NR symbols (corresponding to 1 LTE symbol).

[0179] - In one example, the N replication (AGC) symbols are N repetitions of the first symbol of PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0180] - In another example, the N duplicate (AGC) symbols are repetitions of the first N symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0181] exist Fig.13 In the example shown, the subcarrier spacing of NR SL is 30 kHz and the subcarrier spacing of LTE is 15 kHz, i.e., N=2, and two NR slots span one LTE subframe. NR transmission spans 2 slots. The index of the first slot is denoted as 0 and the index of the second slot is denoted as 1. NR transmission includes: - The first symbol which is a replication of the first PSSCH / PSCCH, also called an AGC symbol.

[0182] - Gap symbol at the end of slot 1 (with 30 kHz subcarrier spacing) or generally at the end of slot N-1.

[0183] - Two symbols for PSFCH before the slot symbol at the end of slot N-1 (or slot 1 in case of 30 kHz subcarrier spacing). The first PSFCH symbol is a duplicate symbol (AGC symbol) of the second PSFCH symbol.

[0184] - A gap symbol before a PSFCH symbol. In a variant example, this gap symbol may be eliminated.

[0185] -PSSCH / PSCCH transmission spanning the remaining symbols. The structure of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission follows the Rel-16 structure described in TS 38.211, but with more SL symbols. The PSSCH / PSCCH transmission includes (1) PSCCH with first-stage SL control information (SCI), (2) PSSCH including (2a) second-stage SCI and (2b) SL transport blocks provided by higher layers.

[0186] If NR has subcarrier spacing kHz, where ,but And NR transmission spans overlapping with LTE subframes NR time slots.

[0187] exist Fig.14 In the example shown, the subcarrier spacing of NR SL is 30 kHz and the subcarrier spacing of LTE is 15 kHz, i.e., N=2, and two NR slots span one LTE subframe. NR transmission spans 2 slots. The index of the first slot is denoted as 0 and the index of the second slot is denoted as 1. NR transmission includes: - The first symbol which is a replication of the first PSSCH / PSCCH, also called an AGC symbol.

[0188] - N slot symbols at the end of slot N-1. In case of 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, this is 2 slot symbols at the end of slot 1. N slot symbols for NR span one symbol for LTE.

[0189] - Two symbols for PSFCH before the slot symbol at the end of slot N-1 (or slot 1 in case of 30 kHz subcarrier spacing). The first PSFCH symbol is a duplicate symbol (AGC symbol) of the second PSFCH symbol.

[0190] - A gap symbol before the PSFCH symbol. In a variant example, this gap symbol may be eliminated.

[0191] -PSSCH / PSCCH transmission spanning the remaining symbols. The structure of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission follows the Rel-16 structure described in TS 38.211, but with more SL symbols. The PSSCH / PSCCH transmission includes (1) PSCCH with first-stage SL control information (SCI), (2) PSSCH including (2a) second-stage SCI and (2b) SL transport blocks provided by higher layers.

[0192] If NR has subcarrier spacing kHz, where , And NR transmission spans the overlapping LTE subframes NR time slots.

[0193] exist Fig.14 In a variation of the example of , the duplicate symbol (AGC symbol) spans N NR symbols (corresponding to 1 LTE symbol).

[0194] - In one example, the N replication (AGC) symbols are N repetitions of the first symbol of PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0195] - In another example, the N duplicate (AGC) symbols are repetitions of the first N symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0196] exist Fig.14 In a variation of the example, Fig.14 Each PSFCH symbol in spans N NR symbols (corresponding to 1 LTE symbol).

[0197] exist Fig.14 In a variation of the example, Fig.14 The gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in NR span N NR symbols (corresponding to 1 LTE symbol).

[0198] although Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 An example of NR SL transmission spanning multiple time slots is shown, but Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 For example, various changes can be made to the slot type, slot size, number of slots, number of symbols, etc. according to specific needs.

[0199] In one example, if an NR SL UE transmits in a slot that overlaps with an LTE subframe, the UE transmits in the remaining slots that overlap with the LTE subframe. kHz, where , , each LTE subframe overlaps with N NR slots. The UE can transmit in each of the N NR slots. For example, if the NR subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz and N=2, the UE can transmit in two slots that overlap with the LTE subframe. If N NR slots overlap with the LTE subframe, the slots are indexed 0, 1, ..., N-1.

[0200] In one example, the transmit power of the UE in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe is the same.

[0201] In one example, the UE repeats the SL transport block in each of the N time slots.

[0202] In one example, the UE may transmit new data (eg, a new SL transport block) in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe.

[0203] In one example, the number of subchannels used in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe is the same.

[0204] In one example, the number of subchannels used in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe may be different.

[0205] In one example, the subchannel used in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe is the same.

[0206] In one example, the subchannel used in each of the N time slots overlapping with the LTE subframe may be different.

[0207] In one example, the gap symbols between consecutive NR SL slots overlapping the same LTE subframe are eliminated, as shown in FIG. FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D shown.

[0208] FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D and FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D An example is shown in which NR SL timeslots overlapping with the same LTE subframe are eliminated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D and FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D The example of eliminating NR SL time slots overlapping with the same LTE subframe is for illustration only. Different embodiments of eliminating NR SL time slots overlapping with the same LTE subframe may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0209] exist FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D In the example of , N SL time slots overlap with one LTE subframe, and the gap symbols at the end of time slot 0, time slot 1, ..., time slot N-2 are eliminated. The gap symbol at the end of time slot N-1 can be retained. In another example, the gap symbol at the end of time slot N-1 is also eliminated. FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D In the example of NR SL, the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz and N = 2. The gap symbol at the end of slot 0 is eliminated.

[0210] Eliminating the gap slots between slots that overlap with LTE subframes allows for continuous transmission on LTE subframes without changing power.

[0211] - In one example, the last PSSCH / PSCCH symbol in each of the first N-1 slots is repeated. Fig.15A Shown in.

[0212] - In one example, the PSSCH / PSCCH transmissions in each of the first N-1 slots are extended by one symbol. Fig. 15B Shown in.

[0213] - In one example, there is a dummy transmission (eg, a reference signal) in the slot symbol of each of the first N-1 slots. This Fig. 15C Shown in.

[0214] - In one example, the transmission of each of the N time slots is advanced to start just after the transmission of the previous time slot ends. Fig.15D For example, in the The transmission in the time slot is advanced After the last slot that overlaps with the LTE subframe is transmitted, there is a gap of N symbols.

[0215] In one example, duplicate (AGC) symbols between consecutive NR SL slots overlapping the same LTE subframe are eliminated, as shown in FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D As shown. N SL time slots overlap with one LTE subframe, and the duplicate (AGC) symbols at the beginning of time slot 1, time slot 2, ..., time slot N-1 are eliminated. The duplicate (AGC) symbol at the beginning of time slot 0 can be retained. In another example, the duplicate (AGC) symbol at the beginning of time slot 0 is also eliminated. FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D In the example of NR SL, the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz and N = 2. The duplicate (AGC) symbol at the end of slot 0 is eliminated.

[0216] although FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D and FIG. 16A to FIG. 16DAn example is shown where the NR SL slots overlapping the same LTE subframe are eliminated, but FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D and FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D For example, various changes can be made to the number of symbols, symbol types, symbol sizes, etc. according to specific needs.

[0217] In one example, the parameter may be pre-configured or configured / updated via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling and L1 control signaling. The parameter may have two states, for example, state A or state B. For example, the state may be a parameter value or whether the parameter is configured.

[0218] If the parameter state is A, and for example, if there is an LTE transmission in a subframe that temporally overlaps with NR slots X and X+1 (e.g., NR has SCS 30 kHz and LTE has SCS 15 kHz) and the NR UE has data and available resources to transmit in slot X, the NR UE may transmit in slots X and X+1.

[0219] - In one example, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to the power of the SL transmission in time slot X+1.

[0220] - In one example, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to or greater than the power of the SL transmission in time slot X+1.

[0221] - In one example, there are gap symbols (eg, symbols that are not transmitted) at the end of slots X and X+1.

[0222] - In one example, there is no gap symbol at the end of time slot X as described above.

[0223] - In one example, the SL transmission in slot X is at least PSSCH / PSCCH (the first symbol of slot X has a transmission)

[0224] - In one example, the SL transmission in slot X+1 may be PSSCH / PSCCH and / or PSFCH.

[0225] If the parameter state is A, and for example, if there is an LTE transmission in a subframe that overlaps in time with NR time slot X, X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1 and the NR UE has data and available resources to transmit in time slot X, the NR UE can transmit in time slot X, X+1, ..., X+N-1.

[0226] - In one example, the power of SL transmission in time slot X is equal to the power of SL transmission in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1.

[0227] - In one example, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to or greater than the power of the SL transmission in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1.

[0228] - In one example, there are gap symbols (eg, symbols that are not transmitted) at the end of time slots X, X+1, ..., X+N-1.

[0229] - In one example, there is no gap symbol as described above at the end of time slots X, X+1, ..., X+N-2.

[0230] - In one example, the SL transmission in slot X is at least PSSCH / PSCCH (the first symbol of slot X has a transmission)

[0231] -In one example, the SL transmissions in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1 may be PSSCH / PSCCH and / or PSFCH.

[0232] If the parameter state is B, and for example if there is an LTE transmission in a subframe that temporally overlaps with NR slots X and X+1 (e.g., NR has SCS 30 kHz and LTE has SCS 15 kHz) and the NR UE has data and available resources to transmit in slot X, then the NR UE may transmit at least in slot X.

[0233] - In one example, there is no transmission in time slot X+1.

[0234] - In one example, if there is a transmission in time slot X+1, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to the power of the SL transmission in time slot X+1.

[0235] - In one example, if there is a transmission in time slot X+1, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to or greater than the power of the SL transmission in time slot X+1.

[0236] - In one example, there are gap symbols (eg, no symbols transmitted) at the end of time slot X.

[0237] - In one example, there is no gap symbol at the end of time slot X as described above.

[0238] - In one example, the SL transmission in slot X is at least PSSCH / PSCCH (the first symbol of slot X has a transmission)

[0239] - In one example, if there is a transmission in slot X+1, the SL transmission may be PSSCH / PSCCH and / or PSFCH.

[0240] If the parameter state is B, and for example, if there is an LTE transmission in a subframe that overlaps in time with NR slot X, X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1 and the NR UE has data and available resources to transmit in slot X, then the NR UE can transmit in slot X.

[0241] - In one example, there is no transmission in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1.

[0242] -In one example, if there is a transmission in one or more time slots among time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to the power of the SL transmission in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1 in which the transmission exists.

[0243] -In one example, if there is a transmission in one or more time slots among time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1, the power of the SL transmission in time slot X is equal to or greater than the power of the SL transmission in time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1 in which the transmission exists.

[0244] - In one example, there are gap symbols (eg, symbols that are not transmitted) at the end of time slots X, X+1, ..., X+N-1.

[0245] - In one example, there is no gap symbol as described above at the end of time slots X, X+1, ..., X+N-2.

[0246] - In one example, the SL transmission in slot X is at least PSSCH / PSCCH (the first symbol of slot X has a transmission)

[0247] -In one example, if there is a transmission in one or more of the time slots X+1, X+2, ..., X+N-1, the SL transmission can be PSSCH / PSCCH and / or PSFCH in the time slot with SL transmission.

[0248] In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in one slot and not in the next slot and both slots overlap with LTE subframes, the power is ramped down towards the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the first (earlier) slot.

[0249] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed continuously over one or more symbols.

[0250] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed on a symbol basis, eg, the power is constant within a symbol, but the power of adjacent symbols may be different.

[0251] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed on a per-symbol-group basis, e.g., the power is constant within a symbol group, but the power of adjacent symbol groups may be different.

[0252] FIG. 17A to FIG. 17E An example of power ramp-down according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 17A to FIG. 17E The example of power ramp down is for illustration only. Different embodiments of power ramp down may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0253] exist Fig.17A In the example shown, the power ramp down is performed continuously on the last symbol of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot.

[0254] exist Fig. 17B In the example shown, the ramp down of power is performed continuously on the last N symbols of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used.

[0255] exist Fig. 17C In the example shown, additional symbols are added after the PSSCH / PSCCH in the first time slot, as described herein (e.g., repeating the last symbol of the PSSCH / PSCCH, or extending the PSSCH / PSCCH by one symbol or a dummy symbol). In this example, the power ramp down is performed continuously over the added symbols.

[0256] exist Fig.17D In the example shown, the ramp down of power is performed symbol by symbol on the last N symbols of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, N=1.

[0257] exist Fig.17EIn the example shown, the ramp down of power is performed on a symbol-group basis over the last N symbols (or N symbol groups) of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot. In one example, N (or Ng) may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N (or Ng) is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, Ng=1. In one example, a group of symbols includes PSSCH DMRS symbols.

[0258] although FIG. 17A to FIG. 17E An example of power ramp down is shown, but FIG. 17A to FIG. 17E For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, power distribution, etc. according to specific needs.

[0259] In one example, when the UE does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH in one slot but transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in the next slot and both slots overlap with LTE subframes, the power is ramped up towards the start of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the second (later) slot.

[0260] In one example, the ramping up of power is performed continuously over one or more symbols.

[0261] In one example, the ramping of power is performed on a symbol basis, eg, the power is constant within a symbol, but the power of adjacent symbols may be different.

[0262] In one example, the power ramp is performed on a per-symbol-group basis, eg, the power is constant within a symbol group, but the power of adjacent symbol groups may be different.

[0263] FIG. 18A to FIG. 18E An example of power ramping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 18A to FIG. 18E The example of power ramping is for illustration only. Different embodiments of power ramping may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0264] exist Fig.18A In the example shown, the ramping up of power is performed continuously on the first symbol (ie, the AGC or duplicate symbol) of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second slot.

[0265] exist Fig.18BIn the example shown, the ramp up of power is performed continuously on the first N symbols of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used.

[0266] exist Fig.18C In the example shown, an extra symbol is added before the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot as described herein. In this example, the ramping up of power is continuous over the added symbols.

[0267] exist Fig.18D In the example shown, the ramp up of power is performed symbol by symbol on the first N symbols of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, N=1.

[0268] exist Fig.18E In the example shown, the ramp-up of power is performed on a symbol-group basis over the first N symbols (or N symbol groups) of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot. In one example, N (or Ng) may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N (or Ng) is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, Ng=1. In one example, a group of symbols includes PSSCH DMRS symbols.

[0269] In one example, when the UE does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH in one slot but transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in the next slot and both slots overlap with LTE subframes, the power is ramped up towards the start of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the second (later) slot.

[0270] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a (first) time slot and transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in the next (second) time slot, and both time slots overlap with the LTE subframe. The PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot and the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot are transmitted at the same power, and the signal is transmitted in the gap between the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot and the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot, as described herein. In this case, there is no ramp down or ramp up of power.

[0271] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a (first) time slot and transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in the following (second) time slot, and both time slots overlap with LTE subframes, and there is a gap between the PSSCH / PSCCH of the first time slot and the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot, the PSSCH / PSCCH power is ramped down towards the end of the first time slot, as described above, and the PSSCH / PSCCH power is ramped up towards the beginning of the PSSCH / PSCCH of the second time slot, as described above.

[0272] In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a (first) time slot but does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH in the following (second) time slot and both time slots overlap with an LTE subframe, the power is ramped down towards the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the first time slot, as described above.

[0273] In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a (second) time slot but does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH in the previous (first) time slot and both time slots overlap with an LTE subframe, the power is ramped up towards the start of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission of the second time slot, as described above.

[0274] although FIG. 18A to FIG. 18E An example of power ramping is shown, but FIG. 18A to FIG. 18E For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, power distribution, etc. according to specific needs.

[0275] In one example, the time slots of the NR resource pool and the time slots of the LTE resource pool partially overlap, such as Fig. 10B As shown, the time slots shared by the LTE resource pool and the NR resource pool have NR SL time slots that are not configured with PSFCH transmission opportunities. Time slots used only for the NR resource pool (but not for the LTE resource pool) can be configured with PSFCH transmission opportunities.

[0276] Fig.19 , Fig. 20, Fig.21 and Fig. 22 An example is shown in which a time slot used only for an NR resource pool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity. Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig. 22 The example of a time slot for only the NR resource pool being configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity is for illustration only. Different embodiments of a time slot for only the NR resource pool being configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0277] Fig.19 An example is shown where for every four time slots in the NR resource pool, , there is one time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity. The time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. The three time slots without PSFCH transmission opportunities are in the LTE resource pool. There are other time slots in the LTE resource pool but not in the NR resource pool. In this example, the time slot with PSFCH opportunities is only in the NR resource pool. The time slots without PSFCH opportunities are shared between the NR resource pool and the LTE resource pool.

[0278] Fig. 20 Another example is shown, where for every four time slots in the NR resource pool, , there is one time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity. The time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. Two of the three time slots without a PSFCH transmission opportunity are in the LTE resource pool, and the third time slot without a PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. There are other time slots in the LTE resource pool but not in the NR resource pool. In this example, the time slot with a PSFCH opportunity is only in the NR resource pool. The time slot without a PSFCH opportunity is in the NR resource pool, or is shared between the NR resource pool and the LTE resource pool.

[0279] In one example, the time slots of the NR resource pool and the time slots of the LTE resource pool partially overlap, such as Fig.10F As shown, the time slots shared by the LTE resource pool and the NR resource pool have NR SL time slots that are not configured with PSFCH transmission opportunities. Time slots used only for the NR resource pool (but not for the LTE resource pool) can be configured with PSFCH transmission opportunities.

[0280] Fig.21 An example is shown where for every four time slots in the NR resource pool, , there is one time slot with PSFCH transmission opportunity. The time slot with PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. The three time slots without PSFCH transmission opportunity are in the LTE resource pool. In this example, the time slot with PSFCH opportunity is only in the NR resource pool. The time slot without PSFCH opportunity is shared between the NR resource pool and the LTE resource pool.

[0281] Fig. 22 Another example is shown, where for every four time slots in the NR resource pool, , there is one time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity. The time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. Two of the three time slots without a PSFCH transmission opportunity are in the LTE resource pool, and the third time slot without a PSFCH transmission opportunity is not in the LTE resource pool. In this example, the time slot with a PSFCH opportunity is only in the NR resource pool. The time slot without a PSFCH opportunity is in the NR resource pool or is shared between the NR resource pool and the LTE resource pool.

[0282] although Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig. 22 An example is shown in which only the time slots for the NR resource pool can be configured with PSFCH transmission opportunities, but Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig. 22 For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, symbol size, etc. according to specific needs.

[0283] In one example, to mitigate power changes in NR time slots with PSFCH transmission opportunities, PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH from the UE are transmitted in the same time slot (ie, the time slot with PSFCH transmission opportunity).

[0284] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a time slot configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the UE also transmits PSFCH in the PSFCH transmission opportunity of the time slot.

[0285] - In one example, the UE uses the same transmit power for PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH.

[0286] - In one example, the PSFCH transmission occupies the same PRB as the PSSCH / PSCCH transmitted from the UE. The PSFCH is transmitted in a PRB, thus multiple PSFCHs are transmitted, where one PSFCH is transmitted in one PRB.

[0287] - In one example, a PSFCH transmission occupies one PRB.

[0288] - In one example, for each subchannel occupied by PSSCH / PSCCH transmitted from a UE, a PSFCH transmission occupies one PRB per subchannel.

[0289] - In one example, PSFCH transmissions may be in PRBs or subchannels of PSSCH / PSCCH as well as in PRBs or subchannels not used by PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0290] In one example, a timeslot is configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity and the UE checks whether there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot. This can be based on, for example: (1) Information obtained by the UE from the LTE SL module in the UE, such as LTE SL sensing information and / or LTE SL resource reservation information and / or candidate LTE resources and / or resources used for the UE's own LTE SL transmission or reserved; and / or (2) Inter-UE coordination information received by the UE regarding LTE SL transmission and / or reservation.

[0291] In a sub-example, if there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot based on the check, and the UE has a PSSCH / PSCCH for transmission in the timeslot, the UE transmits the PSFCH in the timeslot after the PSSCH / PSCCH. The UE may also transmit in the gap symbol between the PSSCH / PSCCH and the PSFCH, as shown in FIG. Fig.23 As shown in Figure 2, PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH can be transmitted with the same power.

[0292] Fig.23 An example of transmission in the gap symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Fig.23 The example of transmission in the gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of transmission in the gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0293] In a sub-example, if there is no LTE SL transmission in the time slot based on the check, and the UE has PSSCH / PSCCH for transmission in the time slot, it can be decided by the UE whether it transmits PSFCH in the time slot after PSSCH / PSCCH. In a further example, if the UE transmits PSFCH, the UE can also transmit in the gap symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, such as Fig.23In another example, if the UE transmits PSFCH, the UE does not transmit in the gap symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH.

[0294] In a sub-example, if there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot based on the check, if the UE has PSSCH / PSCCH for transmission in the timeslot and the UE has a PSFCH transmission opportunity in the timeslot, the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, for example, with the same power, otherwise, there is no PSSCH / PSCCH or PSFCH transmission in the timeslot. When transmitting both PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, the UE may also transmit in the gap symbol between them, such as Fig.23 shown.

[0295] In one example, if the UE transmits PSFCH in a PSFCH opportunity of a timeslot in a timeslot configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the UE also transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in the timeslot.

[0296] - In one example, the UE uses the same transmit power for PSFCH and PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0297] - In one example, PSSCH / PSCCH uses one or more PRBs corresponding to the one or more PRBs used by PSFCH.

[0298] - In one example, PSSCH / PSCCH uses one or more subchannels corresponding to one or more PRBs used by PSFCH. For example, if PSFCH uses PRB x, then PSSCH / PSCCH uses a subchannel including PRB x.

[0299] - In one example, the PSSCH / PSCCH uses one or more subchannels, and the one or more PRBs used by the PSFCH are included in the one or more subchannels used by the PSSCH / PSCCH. There may also be subchannels that do not include any PSFCH PRBs.

[0300] - In an example, PSSCH / PSCCH uses one or more subchannels, and one or more PRBs used by PSFCH may or may not be included in the one or more subchannels used by PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0301] - In one example, the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission is a placeholder transmission, for example, the source ID and the destination ID may be the ID of the UE transmitting the PSSCH / PSCCH. In another example, the PSSCH / PSCCH may include dummy symbols or reference symbols. In another example, the PSSCH may include dummy symbols or reference symbols.

[0302] In one example, the gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH transmission and PSFCH transmission are eliminated, such as Fig.23 As shown, this allows continuous transmission within a time slot without changing the power.

[0303] - In one example, the last PSSCH / PSCCH symbol is repeated.

[0304] - In one example, the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission is extended by one symbol.

[0305] - In one example, the PSFCH symbols are repeated.

[0306] - In one example, there is a dummy transmission (eg, a reference signal) in the gap symbols.

[0307] although Fig.23 An example of transmission in the gap symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH is shown, but the same may be applied to Fig.23 For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, symbol size, etc. according to specific needs.

[0308] High-level parameters sl-NumMuxCS-Pair (expressed as ) provides the number of cycles per PRB. In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot, for example, to avoid power fluctuations within the time slot, .

[0309] FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B An example of a method in which a UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B The examples of methods shown are for illustration only. FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25BOne or more components shown may be implemented in a dedicated circuit system configured to perform the functions, or one or more components may be implemented by one or more processors that execute instructions to perform the functions. Other embodiments of the method in which the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0310] In such FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D In one example shown, the UE has a PSFCH to transmit in a timeslot. The UE first checks if there is an LTE SL transmission in the same timeslot. This may be based on, for example: (1) Information obtained by the UE from the LTE SL module in the UE, such as LTE SL sensing information and / or LTE SL resource reservation information and / or candidate LTE resources and / or resources used for the UE's own LTE SL transmission or reserved; and / or (2) Inter-UE coordination information received by the UE regarding LTE SL transmission and / or reservation.

[0311] LTE SL transmissions may use different frequency resources, for example, different subchannels or different PRBs than PSFCH transmissions.

[0312] (1) If there is an LTE SL transmission based on the first check, then (a) the UE finds candidate SL resources for PSSCH / PSCCH in the time slot and the UE transmits in the symbols allocated to PSSCH / PSCCH in the time slot, as described above, the UE transmits PSFCH. Transmissions in PSSCH / PSCCH symbols and in the gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH (for example, if there is a transmission in the gap symbols) may use the same transmit power as PSFCH. (b) If no candidate SL resources for PSSCH / PSCCH in the time slot are found, the UE may discard the PSFCH transmission, as described above. Fig.24A and Fig.24C As shown. Fig. 24B and Fig.24D In another example shown, before discarding the PSFCH transmission, the UE may check a second time (e.g., based on energy detection in the first few symbols of the time slot (e.g., in one or more symbols before the PSFCH transmission in the time slot) whether there is an LTE SL transmission, and in the case where there is an LTE SL transmission based on the second check, the UE may discard the PSFCH. In the case where there is no LTE SL transmission based on the second check, the UE may transmit the PSFCH.

[0313] (2) If there is no LTE SL transmission based on the first check, the UE can transmit PSFCH, such as Fig.24A and Fig. 24B In yet another example, in Fig.24C and Fig.24D Before discarding the PSFCH transmission as shown, the UE may check for a second time (e.g., based on energy detection in the first few symbols of the time slot (e.g., in one or more symbols before the PSFCH transmission in the time slot) whether there is an LTE SL transmission, and in the case where there is an LTE SL transmission based on the second check, the UE may discard the PSFCH. In the case where there is no LTE SL transmission based on the second check, the UE may transmit the PSFCH.

[0314] In such FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B In one example shown, the UE has a PSFCH to transmit in a timeslot.

[0315] (1) The UE finds candidate SL resources for PSSCH / PSCCH in the time slot and transmits in the symbols allocated to PSSCH / PSCCH in the time slot, as described above, and the UE transmits PSFCH. Transmissions in PSSCH / PSCCH symbols and in gap symbols between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH (for example, if there is a transmission in the gap symbols) can use the same transmission power as PSFCH.

[0316] (2) If no candidate SL resource for PSSCH / PSCCH is found in the time slot, the UE can discard the PSFCH transmission, such as Fig.25A As shown. Fig.25B In yet another example shown, before discarding the PSFCH occurs, the UE may check whether there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot. For example, this may be based on: (1) Information obtained by the UE from the LTE SL module in the UE, such as LTE SL sensing information and / or LTE SL resource reservation information and / or candidate LTE resources and / or resources used for the UE's own LTE SL transmission or reserved; and / or (2) inter-UE coordination information received by the UE regarding LTE SL transmissions and / or reservations; and / or (3) Energy detection in one or more symbols before PSFCH (e.g., in the time slot symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, and / or in another example, in the symbol before the time slot symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH) In case that there is LTE SL transmission based on checking, the UE may drop PSFCH. In case that there is no LTE SL transmission based on checking, the UE may transmit PSFCH.

[0317] although FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B An example of a method in which a UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot is shown, but FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B For example, although shown as a series of steps, FIG. 24A to FIG. 24D and FIG. 25A to FIG. 25B The steps in can overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur any number of times.

[0318] In one example, a PSFCH transmission overlaps with an LTE transmission in a subframe. If there is PSSCH / PSCCH in the NR slot that overlaps with the start of the LTE subframe and the power of PSSCH / PSCCH transmission is equal to the power of PSFCH transmission, o PSFCH can be transmitted, Otherwise, the PSFCH transmission is dropped or cancelled.

[0319] In one example, a PSFCH transmission overlaps with an LTE transmission in a subframe. If there is PSSCH / PSCCH in the NR slot that overlaps with the start of the LTE subframe and the power of PSSCH / PSCCH transmission is equal to or greater than the power of PSFCH transmission, o PSFCH can be transmitted, Otherwise, the PSFCH transmission is dropped or cancelled.

[0320] In one example, the parameter may be pre-configured or configured / updated via RRC signaling and / or MAC CE signaling and L1 control signaling. The parameter may have two states, e.g., state A or state B, e.g., the state may be the parameter value or whether the parameter is configured. A UE transmitting PSSCH / PSCCH checks whether the corresponding PSFCH overlaps with the LTE transmission in time.

[0321] If the parameter state is A, the UE does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH if there is an LTE transmission in the subframe that temporally overlaps with the PSFCH corresponding to the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission.

[0322] If the parameter state is B, PSSCH / PSCCH transmission may continue regardless of whether LTE transmission in the subframe overlaps in time with the PSFCH corresponding to the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission.

[0323] In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the power is ramped down towards the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission.

[0324] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed continuously over one or more symbols.

[0325] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed on a symbol basis, eg, the power is constant within a symbol, but the power of adjacent symbols may be different.

[0326] In one example, the ramping down of power is performed on a per-symbol-group basis, e.g., the power is constant within a symbol group, but the power of adjacent symbol groups may be different.

[0327] FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E An example of power ramp-down according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E The example of power ramp down in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of power ramp down may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0328] exist Fig.26A In the example shown, the power ramp down is performed continuously on the last symbol of PSSCH / PSCCH.

[0329] exist Fig.26B In the example shown, the ramp down of power is performed continuously over the last N symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used.

[0330] exist Fig.26C In the example shown, additional symbols are added after the PSSCH / PSCCH as described herein (e.g., repeating the last symbol of the PSSCH / PSCCH or extending the PSSCH / PSCCH by one symbol or a dummy symbol). In this example, the power ramp down is continuous over the added symbols.

[0331] exist Fig.26DIn the example shown, the ramp down of power is performed symbol by symbol on the last N symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH. In one example, N may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, N=1.

[0332] exist Fig.26E In the example shown, the power ramp down is performed on a symbol-group basis over the last N symbols (or N symbol groups) of the PSSCH / PSCCH. In one example, N (or Ng) may be specified in the system specification and / or pre-configured and / or configured by high-level RRC signaling and / or configured by MAC CE and / or DCI. In one example, if N (or Ng) is not pre-configured or configured by RRC signaling or is not configured by MAC CE or DCI, the value specified in the system specification is used. In one example, Ng=1. In one example, a group of symbols includes PSSCH DMRS symbols.

[0333] although FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E An example of power ramp down is shown, but FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, power distribution, etc. according to specific needs.

[0334] In one example, a timeslot is configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity and the UE checks whether there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot. This can be based on, for example: (1) Information obtained by the UE from the LTE SL module in the UE, such as LTE SL sensing information and / or LTE SL resource reservation information and / or candidate LTE resources and / or resources used for the UE's own LTE SL transmission or reserved; and / or (2) Inter-UE coordination information received by the UE regarding LTE SL transmission and / or reservation.

[0335] In a sub-example, if there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot based on the check, and the UE has PSSCH / PSCCH for transmission in the timeslot, the UE will power ramp down or transmit in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, similar to the example with respect to FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E In the sub-example, if there is no LTE SL transmission in the time slot based on the check, and the UE has PSSCH / PSCCH for transmission in the time slot, the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH without power ramping.

[0336] In one example, when the UE transmits PSFCH in a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the power is ramped up toward the start of the PSFCH transmission.

[0337] In one example, the ramping up of power is performed continuously over one or more symbols.

[0338] In one example, the ramping of power is performed on a symbol basis, eg, the power is constant within a symbol, but the power of adjacent symbols may be different.

[0339] FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C An example of power ramping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C The example of power ramp in is for illustration only. Different embodiments of power ramp may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0340] exist Fig.27A In the example shown, the power ramp-up is performed continuously on the first symbol of the PSFCH (ie, the AGC or replica symbol).

[0341] exist Fig.27B In the example shown, additional symbols are added before the PSFCH transmission, as described herein (eg, repetition of PSFCH symbols). In this example, the power ramp-up is performed continuously over the added symbols.

[0342] exist Fig.27C In the example shown, the power ramp-up is performed symbol by symbol on the first symbol of the PSFCH.

[0343] although FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C An example of power ramping is shown, but FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C For example, various changes can be made to the number of time slots, symbol type, power distribution, etc. according to specific needs.

[0344] In one example, a timeslot is configured with a PSFCH transmission opportunity and the UE checks whether there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot. This can be based on, for example: (1) Information obtained by the UE from the LTE SL module in the UE, such as LTE SL sensing information and / or LTE SL resource reservation information and / or candidate LTE resources and / or resources used for the UE's own LTE SL transmission or reserved; and / or (2) inter-UE coordination information received by the UE regarding LTE SL transmissions and / or reservations; and / or (3) Energy detection in one or more symbols before PSFCH (eg, in a time slot symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, and / or in another example, in a symbol before a time slot symbol between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH).

[0345] In a sub-example, if there is an LTE SL transmission in the timeslot based on the check, and the UE has a PSFCH for transmitting in the timeslot, the UE ramps up the power or transmits in the gap between the PSSCH / PSCCH and the PSFCH, similar to the example with respect to FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C In the sub-example, if there is no LTE SL transmission in the time slot based on the check and the UE has a PFSCH for transmission in the time slot, the UE transmits the PSFCH without power ramping.

[0346] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot, PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH are transmitted at the same power, and the signal is transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH as described herein. In this case, there is no power ramp down or ramp up.

[0347] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot, and transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH at different powers, the signal is transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, as described herein. The power may be ramped down or ramped up between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH.

[0348] - In one example, the ramp down or ramp up is performed during symbols transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH.

[0349] - In one example, the ramp down or ramp up is performed during the symbol transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH and during one or more symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH, similar to the FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E as described in the examples.

[0350] - In one example, the ramp down or ramp up is performed during the symbols transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH and during PSFCH, such as during FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C as described in the example.

[0351] - In one example, the ramp down or ramp up is during the symbol transmitted in the gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH and one or more symbols of PSSCH / PSCCH (such as in FIG. 26A to FIG. 26E ) during the PSFCH (as described in the example FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C ) during the period described in the example above.

[0352] In one example, if the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH in the same time slot, and there is a gap between PSSCH / PSCCH and PSFCH, the PSSCH / PSCCH power ramps down toward the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH, as described above, and the PSFCH power ramps up toward the beginning of the PSFCH, as described above.

[0353] In one example, when the UE transmits PSSCH / PSCCH in a time slot with a PSFCH transmission opportunity but the UE does not transmit PSFCH, the power is ramped down toward the end of the PSSCH / PSCCH transmission, as described above.

[0354] In one example, when the UE transmits PSFCH and does not transmit PSSCH / PSCCH in a PSFCH transmission opportunity, the power is ramped up towards the start of the PSFCH transmission, as described above.

[0355] Fig.28 A method 2800 for LTE / NR coexistence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Fig.28 The embodiments of the methods shown are for illustration only. Fig.28 One or more of the components shown may be implemented in a dedicated circuit system configured to perform the functions, or one or more components may be implemented by one or more processors executing instructions to perform the functions. Other embodiments of LTE / NR coexistence may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0356] like Fig.28As shown, method 2800 starts at step 2810. At step 2810, the UE receives and transmits on the LTE SL interface. At step 2820, the UE receives and transmits on the NR SL interface. At step 2830, the UE performs sensing through the LTE SL interface. Performing sensing may include decoding the SCI and measuring the SL-RSRP associated with the SCI. At step 2840, the UE identifies the presence of an LTE SL transmission in the first LTE SL subframe. At step 2850, the UE identifies candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL time slots overlapping with the first LTE subframe. Finally, at step 2860, the UE transmits in N NR SL time slots.

[0357] although Fig.28 A method 2800 for LTE / NR coexistence is shown, but may be used for Fig.28 For example, although shown as a series of steps, Fig.28 The steps in can overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur any number of times.

[0358] Any of the above variations can be used independently or in combination with at least one other variation. The above flow charts show example methods that can be implemented according to the principles of the present disclosure, and various changes can be made to the methods shown in the flow charts herein. For example, although shown as a series of steps, the individual steps in each figure can overlap, occur in parallel, occur in different orders, or occur multiple times. In another example, a step can be omitted or replaced by another step.

[0359] Although the present disclosure has been described with exemplary embodiments, various changes and modifications may be proposed to those skilled in the art. The present disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Any description in this application should not be construed as implying that any particular element, step or function is an essential element that must be included within the scope of the claims. The scope of the patent subject matter is defined by the claims.

[0360] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits and steps described in this application can be implemented as hardware, software or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and steps are generally described above in the form of their function sets. Whether such function sets are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints implemented to the entire system. The technician can implement the described function sets in different ways for each specific application, but such design decisions should not be interpreted as causing deviations from the scope of this application.

[0361] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure, all operations and messages can be selectively performed or can be omitted. In addition, the operations in each embodiment do not need to be performed in order, or the order of operations can change. Messages do not need to be transmitted in order, and the transmission order of messages can change. Each operation and transmission of each message can be performed independently.

[0362] Although the drawings show different examples of user equipment, various changes may be made to the drawings. For example, the user equipment may include any number of each component in any suitable arrangement. In general, the drawings do not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular configuration. In addition, although the drawings show operating environments in which various user equipment features disclosed in this patent document may be used, these features may be used in any other suitable system.

[0363] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in this application may be implemented or executed by a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0364] The steps of the method or algorithm described in the present application can be directly embodied in hardware, software module executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software module can reside in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. The storage medium is connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. In an alternative, the storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and the storage medium can reside in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0365] In one or more designs, the functions may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, each function may be stored on or transmitted through a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, the latter including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer.

[0366] While the present disclosure has been shown and described with reference to various embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A user equipment UE, comprising: The transceiver is configured as: receiving and transmitting with a first subcarrier spacing SCS on the LTE sidelink SL interface, and receiving and transmitting on the NR SL interface at a second SCS greater than the first SCS, wherein an LTE SL subframe overlaps in time with N NR SL time slots, and A processor operably connected to the transceiver, the processor being configured to: Performing sensing via the LTE SL interface, wherein to perform the sensing, the processor is further configured to: Decoding the SL control information SCI; and measuring a SL reference signal received power SL-RSRP associated with the SCI, identifying the presence of an LTE SL transmission in a first LTE SL subframe; and identifying candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL time slots overlapping with the first LTE SL subframe, The transceiver is further configured to transmit in the N NR SL time slots.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the first SCS is 15 kHz, the second SCS is 30 kHz, and N=2, The processor is further configured to: identify an absence of LTE SL transmission in the second LTE SL subframe, and The transceiver is also configured to transmit in one or more groups of N NR SL time slots overlapping with the second LTE SL subframe.

3. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the transmit powers in the N NR SL time slots are equal, The transmission power in the first NR SL time slot in the NR SL time slot is not less than the transmission power in the remaining N-1 NR SL time slots.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein: The NR SL slot includes the Physical SL Feedback Channel PSFCH symbol, and The transceiver is also configured to transmit physical SL shared channels PSSCH and PSFCH in the NR SL time slot. The UE according to claim 4 , wherein the transmission power of the PSSCH and the PSFCH is equal. The UE according to claim 4 , wherein the transmission power of the PSSCH is not less than the transmission power of the PSFCH.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the NR SL slot having the physical SL feedback channel (PSFCH) symbols does not overlap in time with the subframe used for LTE SL transmission.

8. The UE according to claim 1, wherein: The NR SL slot includes the physical SL feedback channel PSFCH symbol, The processor is further configured to detect the presence or absence of an LTE SL transmission in an LTE SL subframe that temporally overlaps with the NR SL time slot, and The transceiver is configured to not transmit PSFCH in the NR SL timeslot if there is an LTE SL transmission and there is no physical SL shared channel PSSCH transmission in the NR SL timeslot.

9. A method of operating a user equipment UE, the method comprising: Receiving and transmitting with a first subcarrier spacing SCS on the LTE side link SL interface; receiving and transmitting on the NR SL interface at a second SCS greater than the first SCS, wherein an LTE SL subframe overlaps in time with N NR SL time slots; Performing sensing via the LTE SL interface, wherein performing the sensing comprises: Decode the SL control information SCI; as well as Measuring a SL reference signal received power SL-RSRP associated with the SCI; identifying the presence of an LTE SL transmission in a first LTE SL subframe; identifying candidate NR SL resources for NR SL resource selection or reselection in N NR SL time slots overlapping with the first LTE SL subframe; and Transmission is performed in the N NR SL time slots.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first SCS is 15 kHz, the second SCS is 30 kHz, and N=2, and The method further comprises: identifying an absence of LTE SL transmissions in the second LTE SL subframe, and Transmission is performed in one or more groups of N NR SL time slots overlapping with the second LTE SL subframe.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the transmit powers in the N NR SL time slots are equal, The transmission power in the first NR SL time slot in the NR SL time slot is not less than the transmission power in the remaining N-1 NR SL time slots.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the NR SL slot includes a physical SL feedback channel PSFCH symbol, the method further comprising: The physical SL shared channels PSSCH and PSFCH are transmitted in the NR SL time slot. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the transmission powers of PSSCH and PSFCH are equal. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the transmission power of the PSSCH is not less than the transmission power of the PSFCH.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the NR SL slots having the Physical SL Feedback Channel (PSFCH) symbols do not overlap in time with the subframes used for LTE SL transmissions, Wherein the NR SL time slot includes a physical SL feedback channel PSFCH symbol, and the method further includes: detecting the presence or absence of an LTE SL transmission in an LTE SL subframe that overlaps in time with the NR SL time slot, and If there is an LTE SL transmission and there is no physical SL shared channel PSSCH transmission in the NR SL timeslot, avoid transmitting PSFCH in the NR SL timeslot.

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