Fertilizer device for rapeseed planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, which relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation and comprises a base frame. The invention facilitates quantitative delivery of water and fertilizer to the field through the cooperation of a pumping machine and a discharge pipe, controls the irrigation amount of water and fertilizer, and controls the inflow of water through the cooperation of a main water pipe and a water pipe valve, thereby saving water. The invention recovers excess water and fertilizer through the cooperation of a main return pipe and a water and fertilizer barrel, thereby realizing the ability to save water and fertilizer and prevent waste, and ultimately solving the problem of excessive water waste during irrigation and fertilization. The invention divides the irrigated field into a plurality of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, sets a plurality of soil moisture detection points in each block, performs comprehensive and detailed soil moisture data collection, and ensures accurate grasp of the soil moisture condition. The invention judges the uniformity of soil moisture by comparing the data of detection points at different positions in the block, provides a basis for precise irrigation, and avoids excessive moisture or dryness in some areas that affects the growth of rapeseed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and in particular to a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting. Background Art

[0002] Irrigation is a technical measure to supplement the water required by rapeseed. To ensure normal growth and high and stable yields, rapeseed must be supplied with sufficient water. Under natural conditions, irrigation can make up for the lack of water required by rapeseed due to insufficient or uneven rainfall. Fertilization refers to the agricultural technical measure of applying fertilizer to the soil or spraying it on plants to provide the nutrients needed by plants and maintain and improve soil fertility. The main purpose of fertilization is to increase rapeseed yield, improve rapeseed quality and enhance economic benefits.

[0003] Fertigation technology combines water and nutrients for rapeseed's growth and development to create an irrigation and fertilization device. Fertilizer can be added during the irrigation process to achieve a fertilization effect to ensure rapeseed growth. However, water is the most precious resource on earth, and its usage should be reasonably controlled. If water is insufficient, it will affect rapeseed growth, while too much water will not only waste water resources, but also cause rapeseed to suffer from oxygen deficiency and root necrosis. Therefore, controlling water usage during irrigation is a necessary technical measure.

[0004] In the prior art, when fertigation is performed on the corresponding irrigated land, water and fertilizer are usually irrigated directly. However, due to the different soil moisture levels at different locations on the irrigated land, irrigating with the same proportion of water and fertilizer may result in some areas of the land not being fully moistened, while others being too moist. Both excessive and insufficient water levels may affect the growth of rapeseed. Furthermore, during the fertigation process, the amount of water and fertilizer sprayed by the fertigation device may be inconsistent with the actual amount received by the rapeseed due to interference from external environmental factors, thus affecting the normal growth of the rapeseed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting in response to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, comprising a base frame, a support plate is provided above the front of the base frame through a support column, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the back of the support plate, a pumping machine is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame, a water channel assembly is provided in front of the pumping machine, a fertilizer channel assembly is provided on one side of the pumping machine, and a loop assembly is provided behind the pumping machine, the bottom surface of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the base frame, a water and fertilizer bucket is provided at the rear of the top surface of the base frame, a fertilizer adding port is provided on one side of the top surface of the water and fertilizer bucket, the front end surface of the water and fertilizer bucket abuts the mounting frame, and a control assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame;

[0008] The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module;

[0009] The monitoring module detects soil moisture data of the irrigated fields and nearby environmental data, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; environmental data includes temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours;

[0010] The analysis module analyzes and processes the soil moisture data, temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and sunshine hours data transmitted by the monitoring module, determines the actual irrigation demand of the irrigated land, and transmits the actual irrigation demand of the irrigated land to the regulation module;

[0011] The regulation module calculates the irrigation time required for the corresponding irrigated land area according to the irrigation amount per unit time of the fertigation device and the actual irrigation amount required for the irrigated land.

[0012] Preferably, the control component includes a controller, which is installed and fixed obliquely on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame. The bottom surface of the controller is connected to a transmitter through a wire, and the transmitter is fixed to the inner top surface of the mounting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the water channel assembly includes a main water pipe, a water pipe valve is provided on the main water pipe, one end of the main water pipe is connected to a mixing pipe, and the top end of the mixing pipe is connected to a port on the front end face of the pumping machine.

[0014] Preferably, the fertilizer path assembly includes a main fertilizer pipe, the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe is connected to the bottom side of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel, a filter is installed on the main fertilizer pipe, the other end of the main fertilizer pipe is connected to a transparent inspection tube, the top surface of the transparent inspection tube is connected to a fertilizer pipe valve, and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve is connected to the mixed flow pipe through a branch fertilizer pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the loop assembly includes a branch return pipe, one end of the branch return pipe is connected to the mixing pipe, the other end of the branch return pipe is connected to the main return pipe, and the other end of the main return pipe is connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel.

[0016] Preferably, the port on the top surface of the pumping machine is connected to a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge pipe valve, and the bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve is fixed to the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel;

[0017] Preferably, the analysis module determines the soil moisture of the irrigated land in the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Divide the irrigated field into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, and detect the soil moisture data in each irrigation area block; draw a frame with the boundary of the irrigation area block, proportionally reduce the drawn frame according to a set reduction ratio, calculate the distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and proportionally reduce the reduced drawn frame again according to the reduction ratio d / 2. Set soil moisture detection points at the endpoints of the first and second reduced drawn frames and the center of the drawn frame to detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block;

[0019] Step 2: Remove outliers from the soil moisture data, then calculate the mean of the remaining soil moisture data, and record the calculated soil moisture mean as the soil moisture data of the detection point; compare the soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first and second reduced delineation borders. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first and second reduced delineation borders are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, then it is determined that the soil moisture on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven;

[0020] Step 3: Calculate and sum the irrigation volume data for each irrigation area block to obtain the total irrigation volume data for the irrigated field; calculate the required water resources and fertilizer amounts based on the total irrigation volume data and the ratio of water to fertilizer in the water and fertilizer system.

[0021] Preferably, the analysis module determines the environmental factors in the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in the temperature data and the corresponding irrigation amount data, and obtain the temperature T and irrigation amount I according to the changes in the temperature data and irrigation amount data. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], where I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, and k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature;

[0023] Step 2: Relative humidity RH is a common indicator for measuring air humidity. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data, record the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the air humidity and irrigation amount I q There is the following relationship between I q=I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data;

[0024] Step 3: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0025] Step 4: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in the sunshine hours data and the corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0026] Step 5: Irrigation Amount I Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of I / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z .

[0027] Preferably, the steps of the regulating module for performing fertigation operation are as follows:

[0028] Step 1: The monitoring module detects the fertilization speed of the fertigation device, and the analysis module calculates the fertilization amount of the fertigation device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data;

[0029] Step 2: When the adjustment module performs the irrigation and fertilization operation at the corresponding time in the corresponding area, it performs the timing operation, and after the timing is completed, it reminds the user to move to the next fertilization point for fertilization operation; and after the irrigation amount per unit time changes, it automatically calculates the time required for irrigation.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. Through the cooperation of the pumping machine and the discharge pipe, water and fertilizer can be quantitatively transported to the fields to control the amount of water and fertilizer irrigation. Then, through the cooperation of the main water pipe and the water pipe valve, the amount of water entering can be controlled to save water. Then, through the cooperation of the main return pipe and the water and fertilizer barrel, excess water and fertilizer can be recovered, realizing the ability to save water and fertilizer and prevent waste, and ultimately solving the problem of excessive water waste during irrigation and fertilization.

[0032] 2. By dividing the irrigated fields into multiple evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, multiple soil moisture detection points are set up in each block to conduct comprehensive and detailed soil moisture data collection to ensure accurate understanding of soil moisture conditions; the detected soil moisture data is sorted, the interquartile range is calculated, and the average is taken after removing outliers as the soil moisture data of the detection points to improve the reliability and representativeness of the data; by comparing the data of detection points at different locations in the block, the uniformity of soil moisture is judged to provide a basis for precise irrigation and avoid excessive wetness or dryness in some areas that affect rapeseed growth; based on the difference between the soil moisture data of each irrigation area block and the preset value, combined with the block area and irrigation depth, the irrigation amount of each area and the entire field, as well as the required water resources and fertilizer amount, is accurately calculated to achieve precise irrigation and fertilization and avoid waste of water resources and fertilizer;

[0033] 3. By monitoring environmental data such as temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours, and through actual records and data analysis, a quantitative relationship model between environmental factors and irrigation volume is established to accurately evaluate the impact of environmental factors on irrigation volume, so that the irrigation volume can meet the growth of rapeseed without causing waste of water resources and fertilizers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the device proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the device proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic side view of the overall appearance of the device proposed in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the control component structure proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the water channel assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fertilizer path assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of the circuit assembly structure proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0043] Serial numbers in the figure: 1. Base frame; 2. Support plate; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Water and fertilizer bucket; 5. Controller; 6. Transmitter; 7. Main water pipe; 8. Water pipe valve; 9. Mixing pipe; 10. Pumping machine; 11. Main fertilizer pipe; 12. Filter; 13. Transparent inspection tube; 14. Fertilizer pipe valve; 15. Branch fertilizer pipe; 16. Branch return pipe; 17. Main return pipe; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Discharge pipe valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0045] Example: See Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, comprising a base frame 1, characterized in that: a support plate 2 is mounted above the top front of the base frame 1 through a support column, a mounting frame 3 is fixed to the back of the support plate 2, a pumping machine 10 is mounted and fixed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame 3, a water channel assembly is provided in front of the pumping machine 10, a fertilizer channel assembly is provided on one side of the pumping machine 10, and a loop assembly is provided behind the pumping machine 10, the bottom surface of the mounting frame 3 is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the base frame 1, a water and fertilizer bucket 4 is mounted on the rear of the top surface of the base frame 1, a fertilizer port is provided on one side of the top surface of the water and fertilizer bucket 4, the front end surface of the water and fertilizer bucket 4 abuts the mounting frame 3, and a control component is fixed to the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame 3. The modular design facilitates maintenance and upgrading of the device, thereby improving practicality; the control component includes a controller 5, which is installed and fixed at an angle on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame 3, and the bottom surface of the controller 5 is connected to a transmitter 6 through a wire, and the transmitter 6 is fixed to the inner top surface of the mounting frame 3. Through the cooperation of the controller 5 and the transmitter 6, the switch of the valve body can be controlled at a timely manner, thereby improving practicality.

[0046] The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module;

[0047] The irrigated field is scanned, and then a graphic of the entire irrigated field is constructed on a drawing. The area of ​​the graphic is calculated, and then the graphic is divided into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks according to the graphic area. The soil moisture data in each irrigation area block is detected; a frame is drawn using the boundary of the irrigation area block, and the drawn frame is proportionally reduced according to a set reduction ratio. The distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame is calculated, and the reduced drawn frame is proportionally reduced again according to the reduction ratio d / 2. Soil moisture detection points are set at the endpoints of the first and second reduced drawn frames and the center of the drawn frame to detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block;

[0048] Sort the n soil moisture data detected at a soil moisture detection point by data size, take the n / 4th and 3n / 4th soil moisture data after ascending sorting, record them as Q1 and Q3 respectively, then the interquartile range IQR of this set of soil moisture data is IQR = Q3-Q1, set the fluctuation range of this set of soil moisture data to [Q1-3IQR / 2, Q3+3IQR / 2], remove the soil moisture data that are not within the fluctuation range, and then calculate the mean of the remaining soil moisture data, and record the calculated soil moisture mean as the soil moisture data of the detection point;

[0049] The soil moisture data detected by each soil moisture detection point in the irrigation area block are compared, and each soil moisture detection point is marked from the outside to the inside and in a clockwise direction, recorded as TR1, TR2, ..., TR9. The soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first and second reduced depiction borders are compared. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first and second reduced depiction borders are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, it is determined that the soil moisture of the land on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; and the soil moisture data on the upper and lower sides are compared. The same analysis is performed. If the soil moisture data on the upper side of the first-shrink and second-shrink borders are both greater than the soil moisture data on the lower side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the lower side, then it is determined that the soil moisture on the upper and lower sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; the soil moisture data of the detection points on each side are compared. If the absolute value of the difference between the ratio of the soil moisture data of adjacent detection points and data 1 is less than 0.2, then the humidity on the same side is determined to be uniform, and the mean of the soil moisture data on the corresponding side is recorded as the soil moisture data on the corresponding side; otherwise, it is determined that irrigation on that side is carried out according to the soil moisture data of the detection points;

[0050] The soil moisture data of each irrigation area block is calculated, and the difference between the soil moisture data of each irrigation area block and the preset soil moisture data is calculated. The irrigation amount data of the corresponding irrigation area block is equal to the soil moisture data difference multiplied by the area of ​​the irrigation area block multiplied by the irrigation depth data. The irrigation amount data of each irrigation area block is calculated and summed to obtain the total irrigation amount data of the irrigated field. The required amount of water resources and fertilizers can be calculated according to the ratio of water and fertilizer in the total irrigation amount data, so that no excess water resources and fertilizers will be wasted during water and fertilizer irrigation; the irrigation and fertilization speed of the irrigation and fertilization device is detected to obtain the irrigation and fertilization amount of the irrigation and fertilization device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data. By completing the irrigation and fertilization operation for the corresponding time in the corresponding area, the irrigation and fertilization operation for the corresponding soil area is completed.

[0051] Environmental factors such as temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours will affect the amount of irrigation and fertilization;

[0052] The higher the temperature, the faster the soil moisture evaporates. According to Dalton's law, the evaporation rate is proportional to the water vapor pressure difference, which is related to the temperature. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, the changes in the temperature data and the corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded, and the relationship between the temperature T and the irrigation amount I is obtained. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], where I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, and k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature;

[0053] When the air humidity is low, the driving force of soil water evaporation (vapor pressure difference) increases, and the rate of soil moisture reduction is accelerated. Relative humidity RH is a commonly used indicator to measure air humidity. The lower the relative humidity, the stronger the soil evaporation. When the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data is irrigated and fertilized, the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the relationship between air humidity and irrigation amount I. q There is the following relationship between I q =I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data;

[0054] Wind speed will enhance the air circulation on the soil surface and promote faster evaporation of soil moisture. When fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I. f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0055] Solar radiation provides energy for soil moisture evaporation. The longer the sunshine hours, the more solar radiation energy the soil absorbs, the higher the soil temperature, and the faster the water evaporates. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil moisture data, the changes in sunshine hours data and corresponding irrigation amount data are recorded to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I. r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed;

[0056] In practical applications, these meteorological factors are often interrelated and have a comprehensive impact on irrigation volume. Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of I / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z The preset comparison threshold is obtained through a large number of actual irrigation experiments and long-term observation and experience summary of crop growth conditions and water demand patterns under different environmental conditions, and can be dynamically updated in real time.

[0057] In the present invention, the water circuit assembly includes a main water pipe 7, a water pipe valve 8 is provided on the main water pipe 7, one end of the main water pipe 7 is connected to a mixing pipe 9, the top of the mixing pipe 9 is connected to the port on the front end face of the pumping machine 10, and the cooperation between the mixing pipe 9 and the pumping machine 10 facilitates the mixing of water and fertilizer, thereby improving practicality; the fertilizer circuit assembly includes a main fertilizer pipe 11, the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe 11 is connected to one side of the bottom end of the front end face of the water fertilizer barrel 4, a filter 12 is installed on the main fertilizer pipe 11, the other end of the main fertilizer pipe 11 is connected to a transparent inspection pipe 13, the top surface of the transparent inspection pipe 13 is connected to a fertilizer pipe valve 14, and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve 14 is connected to the mixing pipe through a branch fertilizer pipe 15. 9; the loop assembly includes a branch return pipe 16, one end of the branch return pipe 16 is connected to the mixed flow pipe 9, the other end of the branch return pipe 16 is connected to the main return pipe 17, and the other end of the main return pipe 17 is connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water and fertilizer barrel 4. Through the cooperation of the filter 12 and the transparent inspection tube 13, it is convenient to filter the fertilizer and observe the filtration situation, which improves practicality; the port on the top surface of the pumping machine 10 is connected to the discharge pipe 18, and the discharge pipe 18 is provided with a discharge pipe valve 19. The bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve 19 is installed and fixed on the top surface of the water and fertilizer barrel 4. Through the cooperation of the pumping machine 10 and the discharge pipe 18, it is convenient to quantitatively transport water and fertilizer to the field, which improves practicality.

[0058] Working principle: When the present invention is used, first power on all electrical equipment, then connect the outer end of the main water pipe 7 to the water supply system, then add fertilizer into the water fertilizer barrel 4, then control the transmitter 6 through the controller 5 to start each electrical equipment at a fixed time, first open the water pipe valve 8, so that the water flows through the main water pipe 7 into the mixed flow pipe 9, then start the pump 10 to suck the fertilizer into the water fertilizer barrel 4, the fertilizer passes through the filter 12 on the main fertilizer pipe 11 and enters the transparent inspection tube 13, then observe the fertilizer in the transparent inspection tube 13 to judge whether the filtering effect is qualified, if not, check the filter 12, and if qualified, open the fertilizer pipe valve 14, the fertilizer enters the mixed flow pipe 9 through the branch fertilizer pipe 15, and the fertilizer is mixed in the pipe. The water in the flow pipe 9 is fully mixed with the water flow, and then pumped to the field through the pump 10; during the irrigation process, the temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours data are monitored by the control component, and through actual records and data analysis, a quantitative relationship model between environmental factors and irrigation volume is established to accurately evaluate the impact of environmental factors on irrigation volume. The water flow required for actual irrigation is then calculated based on the actual detected environmental data, and irrigation operations are performed based on the water flow required for actual irrigation; after the irrigation is completed, the water pipe valve 8 and the fertilizer pipe valve 14 are closed, and then the discharge pipe valve 19 is closed, and the remaining water and fertilizer in each pipe are returned to the water and fertilizer barrel 4 through the branch return pipe 16 and the main return pipe 17 by the pump 10.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting, comprising a base frame (1), characterized in that: A support plate (2) is provided above the front of the top of the base frame (1) through a support column, a mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the back of the support plate (2), a pumping machine (10) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame (3), a water channel assembly is provided in front of the pumping machine (10), a fertilizer channel assembly is provided on one side of the pumping machine (10), and a loop assembly is provided at the rear of the pumping machine (10), the bottom surface of the mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the base frame (1), a water and fertilizer bucket (4) is provided at the rear of the top surface of the base frame (1), a fertilizer port is provided on one side of the top surface of the water and fertilizer bucket (4), the front end surface of the water and fertilizer bucket (4) abuts against the mounting frame (3), and a control component is fixedly installed on the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame (3); The control component also includes a monitoring module, an analysis module and a regulation module; The monitoring module detects soil moisture data of the irrigated fields and nearby environmental data, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; environmental data includes temperature, air humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours; The analysis module analyzes and processes the soil moisture data, temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and sunshine hours data transmitted by the monitoring module, determines the actual irrigation demand of the irrigated land, and transmits the actual irrigation demand of the irrigated land to the regulation module; The analysis module determines the soil moisture of irrigated land in the following steps: Step 1: Divide the irrigated field into a number of evenly distributed irrigation area blocks, and detect the soil moisture data in each irrigation area block; draw a frame with the boundary of the irrigation area block, proportionally reduce the drawn frame according to a set reduction ratio, calculate the distance d between the reduced drawn frame and the center of the drawn frame, and proportionally reduce the reduced drawn frame again according to the reduction ratio d / 2. Set soil moisture detection points at the endpoints of the first and second reduced drawn frames and the center of the drawn frame to detect the soil moisture of the irrigation area block; Step 2: Remove outliers from the soil moisture data, then calculate the mean of the remaining soil moisture data, and record the calculated soil moisture mean as the soil moisture data of the detection point; compare the soil moisture data on the left and right sides of the first and second reduced delineation borders. If the soil moisture data on the left side of the first and second reduced delineation borders are both greater than the soil moisture data on the right side, and exceed 20% of the soil moisture data on the right side, then it is determined that the soil moisture on the left and right sides of the irrigation area block is uneven; Step 3: Calculate and sum the irrigation data for each irrigation area block to obtain the total irrigation data for the irrigated field; calculate the required water resources and fertilizer amounts based on the total irrigation data and the ratio of water to fertilizer in the water and fertilizer system; The analysis module determines the environmental factors in the following steps: Step 1: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in the temperature data and the corresponding irrigation amount data, and obtain the temperature T and irrigation amount I according to the changes in the temperature data and irrigation amount data. w There is the following relationship between I w =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)], where I0 is the initial irrigation amount data, T0 is the initial temperature data, and k1 is the preset coefficient related to the temperature; Step 2: Relative humidity RH is a common indicator for measuring air humidity. When irrigating and fertilizing the soil under the corresponding soil humidity data, record the changes in air humidity data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the air humidity and irrigation amount I q There is the following relationship between I q =I0*[1-k2*(RH-RH0)], k2 is the preset coefficient related to air humidity, RH0 is the initial relative humidity data; Step 3: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in wind speed data and corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the wind speed v and irrigation amount I f There is the following relationship between I f =I0*[1+k3*v], k3 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed; Step 4: When performing irrigation and fertilization operations on the soil corresponding to the soil moisture data, record the changes in the sunshine hours data and the corresponding irrigation amount data to obtain the sunshine hours S and irrigation amount I r There is the following relationship between I r =I0*[1+k4*S], k4 is a preset coefficient related to wind speed; Step 5: Irrigation Amount I Z The relationship between I Z =I0*[1+k1*(T-T0)-k2*(RH-RH0)+k3*v+k4*S], the irrigation data I Z Compare with the calculated irrigation amount data I, if I Z If the ratio of I / I is greater than the preset comparison threshold, it is determined that the environmental factors have a greater impact on the irrigation amount, and the irrigation amount needs to be adjusted to I Z ; The regulation module calculates the irrigation time required for the corresponding irrigated land area according to the irrigation amount per unit time of the fertigation device and the actual irrigation amount required for the irrigated land.

2. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly includes a controller (5), which is fixedly mounted at an angle on one side of the top of the front end surface of the mounting frame (3), and the bottom surface of the controller (5) is connected to a transmitter (6) via a wire, and the transmitter (6) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the mounting frame (3).

3. A fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterway assembly comprises a main water pipe (7), a water pipe valve (8) is provided on the main water pipe (7), one end of the main water pipe (7) is connected to a mixing pipe (9), and the top end of the mixing pipe (9) is connected to a port on the front end face of the pumping machine (10).

4. The fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer path assembly comprises a main fertilizer pipe (11), the rear end of the main fertilizer pipe (11) being connected to one side of the bottom end of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4), a filter (12) being installed on the main fertilizer pipe (11), the other end of the main fertilizer pipe (11) being connected to a transparent inspection pipe (13), the top surface of the transparent inspection pipe (13) being connected to a fertilizer pipe valve (14), and the top surface of the fertilizer pipe valve (14) being connected to the mixed flow pipe (9) via a branch fertilizer pipe (15).

5. The fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loop assembly comprises a branch return pipe (16), one end of the branch return pipe (16) being connected to the mixing pipe (9), the other end of the branch return pipe (16) being connected to the main return pipe (17), and the other end of the main return pipe (17) being connected to the upper end of the front end surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4).

6. The fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The port on the top surface of the pumping machine (10) is connected to a discharge pipe (18), and a discharge pipe valve (19) is provided on the discharge pipe (18). The bottom surface of the discharge pipe valve (19) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the water fertilizer barrel (4).

7. The fertilizing device for rapeseed planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for the regulation module to perform fertigation operations are as follows: Step 1: The monitoring module detects the fertilization speed of the fertigation device, and the analysis module calculates the fertilization amount of the fertigation device per unit time. The soil moisture data at the soil moisture detection point can be used to calculate the irrigation time required for the detection point to reach the preset soil moisture data; Step 2: When the adjustment module performs the irrigation and fertilization operation at the corresponding time in the corresponding area, it performs the timing operation, and after the timing is completed, it reminds the user to move to the next fertilization point for fertilization operation; and after the irrigation amount per unit time changes, it automatically calculates the time required for irrigation.

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