A composite air filter device

Abstract

The application discloses a composite air filtering device, which comprises a centrifugal filtering mechanism, a second filtering element, a microorganism filtering mechanism, an ultraviolet mechanism and a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, wherein the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting filtering layer, and the pore size of the adjusting filtering layer can be adjusted according to the air flow rate; air flows through the centrifugal cylinder, the glass fiber filtering core, the activated carbon, the microorganism layer, the ultraviolet irradiation unit and the adjusting filtering layer in sequence from the air inlet pipeline; and the control module adjusts the pore size of the adjusting filtering layer according to the air filtering standard and the air flow rate; after the multiple purification steps, the particulate matters, gas pollutants, microorganisms and peculiar smell in the air are effectively removed, the air finally discharged into the environment is fresh, peculiar smell-free and harmful substance-free, meets the environmental protection discharge standard, and remarkably improves the air quality, providing clean and safe air for the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, specifically a composite air filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial waste gas purification refers to the removal or transformation of harmful gases, pollutants, and harmful components generated during industrial production through physical, chemical, or biological methods, thereby reducing their harm to the environment and human health, and ensuring that waste gas emissions comply with relevant environmental protection standards.

[0003] In existing technologies, most air purification devices use a single air filter to remove pollutants. However, this single filtration method often cannot effectively address complex air pollution problems. For example, the "air filter" disclosed in patent document "CN115569449A" uses a glass fiber filter element, which is difficult to effectively treat multiple pollutants (such as particulate matter or gases). A single filtration method cannot provide a comprehensive purification effect. For instance, HEPA filters are effective for fine particulate matter, but have limited ability to remove gaseous pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and odors; while activated carbon filters have a certain adsorption effect on gaseous pollutants, their filtration efficiency for particulate matter is low.

[0004] In addition, some existing air filters filter the air through two layers of filters. For example, the "air filter" disclosed in patent document "CN105854458A" uses a main filter and a secondary filter for filtration. However, the main filter and the secondary filter only limit the different sizes of air particles and are difficult to filter other types of pollutants in the air. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite air filtration device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A composite air filtration device, comprising:

[0008] A centrifugal filtration mechanism includes a centrifugal cylinder and an air inlet pipe. The centrifugal cylinder is connected to the air inlet pipe. The inner cavity of the centrifugal cylinder is cylindrical. The air inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the centrifugal cylinder, such that the outlet of the air inlet pipe is tangential to the inner wall of the centrifugal cylinder.

[0009] The second filter element includes a glass fiber filter element and activated carbon. The glass fiber filter element is installed inside the centrifuge cylinder, and the activated carbon is installed inside the glass fiber filter element. The gas filtered by the centrifuge cylinder enters the glass fiber filter element.

[0010] A microbial filtration mechanism, comprising a microbial layer and a heating component, wherein the heating component is used to heat the microbial layer, and gas passing through the activated carbon enters the microbial layer;

[0011] The ultraviolet (UV) mechanism includes a UV irradiation unit electrically connected to a control module. The control module controls the UV irradiation unit to emit UV light, and the gas passing through the microbial layer enters the UV irradiation unit.

[0012] An adaptive adjustment mechanism, comprising an adjustable filter layer, wherein the pore size of the adjustable filter layer can be adjusted according to the airflow rate;

[0013] The top cover, the adjustable filter layer is installed on the top cover, the top cover is connected to the centrifuge cylinder by a connecting ring, and the top cover is provided with an air outlet pipe, which is connected to the top cover;

[0014] The gas flows from the intake pipe through the centrifuge cylinder, the fiberglass filter element, the activated carbon, the microbial layer, the ultraviolet irradiation unit, and the regulating filter layer in sequence. The control module adjusts the pore size of the regulating filter layer according to the air filtration standards and the air flow rate.

[0015] A further technical solution includes a filter cylinder inside the centrifuge cylinder, with a gap between the filter cylinder and the centrifuge cylinder. The top end of the filter cylinder extends outward to form an annular flange one, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the centrifuge cylinder. The top end of the glass fiber filter element extends outward to form an annular flange two, which is inserted into the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The glass fiber filter element is cylindrical, and a bowl-shaped plate is provided on the bottom surface of the glass fiber filter element. The bowl-shaped plate is connected to the glass fiber filter element. Activated carbon is located inside the glass fiber filter element, and a space for the activated carbon to move is provided on the top surface of the activated carbon and the glass fiber filter element. An activated carbon baffle is provided at the top of the glass fiber filter element, and a receiving plate groove is opened at the top. The activated carbon baffle is connected to the bottom of the receiving plate groove.

[0016] The filter cartridge has an annular cavity, which is divided into a heating cavity and a microbial cavity by a heat-conducting ring. The heating assembly includes a heating element installed in the heating cavity. A temperature sensor is installed on the cavity wall of the heating cavity and is electrically connected to the control module. The control module is electrically connected to the heating element. The cavity wall of the microbial cavity has several ventilation holes. The microbial layer is installed in the microbial cavity. A gas spraying assembly is installed on the upper cavity wall of the microbial cavity to add water and nutrient solution to the microbial layer. The ultraviolet irradiation unit is located in the ultraviolet cavity, and the cavity wall of the ultraviolet cavity has ventilation holes. The ultraviolet irradiation unit can also be used to remove microorganisms carried in the air.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the gas spray irrigation assembly includes a gas storage module, a balloon valve, a liquid storage module, and a nozzle. The gas storage module is connected to the air inlet pipe, the balloon valve is installed at the outlet end of the gas storage module, the outlet end of the gas storage module is connected to the liquid storage module through a ventilation pipe, the liquid storage module is connected to the nozzle, the nozzle is installed on the upper cavity wall of the microbial layer, and the balloon valve is electrically connected to the control module.

[0018] A further technical solution includes an adjustable filter layer comprising a first variable layer, a second variable layer, a third variable layer, and a fourth variable layer. Each of the first, second, third, and fourth variable layers has filter holes of four different apertures. The top cover is provided with a fixed plate 1 and a fixed plate 2. The first fixed plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the other end of which passes through the second fixed plate. A drive motor is coaxially connected to one end of the rotating shaft passing through the second fixed plate. A rotating block is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A spring groove is annularly formed on the rotating block. The spring groove is horizontally positioned, and a spring is placed inside the spring groove. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring groove, and the other end of the spring groove... The top cover is fixedly connected to four insert rods, which are respectively fixedly connected to the first variable layer, the second variable layer, the third variable layer, and the fourth variable layer. The top cover includes an upper cover and a lower cover, which are fixedly connected by a support assembly. The upper cover and the lower cover are provided with adjustment filter positions for inserting the first variable layer, the second variable layer, the third variable layer, or the fourth variable layer. The top cover is also provided with a sealing mechanism, which is used to seal the contact point between the first variable layer, the second variable layer, the third variable layer, or the fourth variable layer and the top cover when the first variable layer, the second variable layer, the third variable layer, or the fourth variable layer is inserted into the adjustment filter position.

[0019] A further technical solution includes a sealing block 1 and a sealing block 2. The upper cover has a sliding annular groove 1, and the sealing block 1 can slide along the groove wall of the sliding annular groove 1. The lower cover has a sliding annular groove 2, and the sealing block 2 can slide along the groove wall of the sliding annular groove 2. The sealing block 1 and the sealing block 2 can abut against each other. The sealing block 1 and the sealing block 2 are respectively provided with a clearance hole 1 and a clearance hole 2, which are used to avoid the insertion rod.

[0020] In a further technical solution, the support component includes a connecting column and two horizontal columns. The two horizontal columns are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting column, one end of one horizontal column is fixedly connected to the upper cover, and the other end of the other horizontal column is fixedly connected to the lower cover.

[0021] A further technical solution includes a sliding groove 1 on the upper cover, which communicates with the sliding ring groove 1. A driving column is fixedly mounted on the sealing block 1, and the driving column is vertically positioned. A horizontal handheld column is fixedly mounted on the driving column, which includes a horizontal part 1 and a horizontal part 2. The horizontal part 1 and the horizontal part 2 are hinged together, and the horizontal part 1 and the horizontal part 2 are collinear. The horizontal part 1 and the horizontal part 2 are rotatably connected, and the horizontal part 2 is connected to the driving column. A hanging groove is provided on the wall of the sliding groove 1. When the sealing strip 1 needs to be inserted into the sliding ring groove 1, the horizontal part 1 and the hanging groove are separated. The horizontal part 1 and the horizontal part 2 are collinear. The horizontal part 1 moves upward, causing the horizontal part 2 to move upward, which in turn causes the driving column to move upward, moving the sealing block 1 until it is completely placed within the sliding ring groove 1. The horizontal part 1 is then rotated relative to the horizontal part 2, causing it to engage with the hanging groove.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] This invention utilizes a composite air filtration device. Air passes through a centrifugal filtration mechanism to initially remove most coarse particulate matter. It then flows through a glass fiber filter core, where fine particulate matter such as PM2.5 and pollen is further filtered. Next, an activated carbon layer adsorbs volatile organic compounds, odors, unpleasant smells, and harmful gases. Heated air then passes through a microbial filtration layer, where ultraviolet irradiation further destroys the DNA of microorganisms, enhancing sterilization. Finally, a filter layer with adaptively adjustable pore size further filters and removes fine particulate matter and residual gaseous pollutants, ensuring optimal air purification. Through these multiple purification steps, particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, microorganisms, and odors are effectively removed from the air. The resulting air released into the environment is fresh, odorless, and free of harmful substances, meeting environmental emission standards and significantly improving air quality, providing clean and safe air for the environment.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the centrifugal filtration mechanism and the second filter element of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0029] Figure 5 : A perspective view of the centrifugal filtration mechanism and the second filter element of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 Cross-section of the ultraviolet light mechanism and adaptive adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7 Cross-section of the ultraviolet light mechanism and adaptive adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 8 : A perspective view of the ultraviolet light mechanism and the adaptive adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Centrifugal filtration mechanism; 11. Centrifuge cylinder; 12. Air inlet pipe; 13. Filter cylinder; 14. Annular flange one; 2. Second filter element; 21. Glass fiber filter element; 22. Bowl-shaped plate; 23. Activated carbon baffle; 3. Microbial filtration mechanism; 31. Microbial layer; 32. Heating component; 321. Heating element; 322. Heating chamber; 4. Ultraviolet mechanism; 41. Ultraviolet irradiation unit; 42. Ultraviolet chamber; 5. Control module; 6. Adaptive adjustment mechanism; 611. Variable layer one; 612. Variable layer two; 613. Variable layer three; 614. Variable layer four; 62. Fixed plate one; 63. Fixed plate two; 64. Rotating shaft; 65. Drive motor; 66. Rotating block; 67. Insert rod; 7. Top cover; 71. Upper cover; 72. Lower cover; 75. Sliding ring groove one; 76. Sliding ring groove two; 8. Connecting ring; 9. Gas outlet pipe; 101. Gas storage module; 102. Balloon valve; 103. Liquid storage module; 104. Nozzle; 15. Sealing mechanism; 151. Sealing block one; 152. Sealing block two; 16. Sliding groove one; 17. Driving column; 18. Hand-held column; 181. Horizontal part one; 182. Horizontal part two; 19. Suspension groove; Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-8 ;

[0036] A composite air filtration device, comprising:

[0037] Centrifugal filtration mechanism 1 includes a centrifugal cylinder 11 and an air inlet pipe 12. The centrifugal cylinder 11 is connected to the air inlet pipe 12. The inner cavity of the centrifugal cylinder 11 is cylindrical. The air inlet pipe 12 is tangentially connected to the centrifugal cylinder 11, so that the outlet of the air inlet pipe 12 is tangential to the inner wall of the centrifugal cylinder 11.

[0038] The second filter element 2 includes a glass fiber filter element 21 and activated carbon. The glass fiber filter element 21 is installed inside the centrifuge cylinder 11, and the activated carbon is installed inside the glass fiber filter element 21. The gas filtered by the centrifuge cylinder 11 enters the glass fiber filter element 21.

[0039] The microbial filtration mechanism 3 includes a microbial layer 31 and a heating component 32. The heating component 32 is used to heat the microbial layer 31, and the gas passing through the activated carbon enters the microbial layer 31.

[0040] The ultraviolet (UV) mechanism 4 includes an ultraviolet irradiation unit 41, which is electrically connected to the control module 5. The control module 5 is used to control the UV irradiation unit 41 to emit UV light, and the gas passing through the microbial layer 31 enters the UV irradiation unit 41.

[0041] The adaptive adjustment mechanism 6 includes an adjustable filter layer whose pore size can be adjusted according to the airflow rate.

[0042] Top cover 7, the adjustable filter layer is installed on top cover 7, top cover 7 is connected to centrifuge cylinder 11 through connecting ring 8, and top cover 7 is provided with air outlet pipe 9, which is connected to top cover 7.

[0043] The gas enters from the intake pipe 12 and passes sequentially through the centrifuge cylinder 11, the glass fiber filter element 21, the activated carbon, the microbial layer 31, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41, and the regulating filter layer. The control module 5 adjusts the pore size of the filter layer according to the air filtration standards and air flow rate.

[0044] Specifically, when polluted air enters the composite air filtration device of this application through the intake pipe 12, the first step is that the gas enters the centrifugal filtration mechanism 1. In the centrifugal filtration mechanism 1, the direction of airflow is tangential to the inner wall of the centrifugal cylinder 11, causing the gas to form a high-speed rotating airflow. This causes larger particles in the airflow to be thrown against the inner wall of the centrifugal cylinder 11 due to centrifugal force, thus achieving the first stage of gas filtration and facilitating gas discharge. Next, the gas, after preliminary centrifugal filtration, continues to pass through the glass fiber filter element 21. The glass fiber filter element 21 can effectively capture fine particles, especially fine dust and microparticles, and also has a certain filtering effect on some larger pollutants in the gas. The fiberglass filter element 21 further purifies the air and improves the filtration effect. The gas continues to pass through the activated carbon layer, which adsorbs volatile organic compounds, odors, smells, and some gaseous pollutants in the air, effectively removing gaseous pollutants and significantly reducing harmful gaseous components in the air. The filtered gas then flows into the microbial filtration mechanism 3. The microbial layer 31 is used to treat any remaining harmful microorganisms. It is worth noting that the microbial layer 31 in this embodiment is composed of microorganisms that are harmless to the human body, and it contains a catalyst. The heating component 32 heats the microbial layer 31 to provide a suitable temperature, enhancing the inactivation effect of the microorganisms. The process ensures that microorganisms in the gas are effectively killed or removed as they pass through the layer. Next, the airflow enters the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41. In this embodiment, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 consists of ultraviolet lamps. The high energy of the ultraviolet light can further destroy harmful bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the air, achieving further sterilization. It is worth noting that although the aforementioned microbial layer 31 is composed of harmless bacteria, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 can still eliminate the microorganisms carried out by the microbial layer 31. It is also worth noting that the ultraviolet mechanism 4 is located at the top cover 7, while the microbial filtration mechanism 3 is located at the centrifuge tube 11. The light from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 will not shine on the microorganisms. On the microbial filtration mechanism 3, the working time and irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 are automatically adjusted by the control module 5 according to the air flow rate and filtration requirements. The control module 5 has a built-in algorithm to ensure that the ultraviolet light effect is optimal. Of course, the ultraviolet light intensity can also be controlled by manually adjusting the control module 5. After ultraviolet irradiation, the gas will pass through the adjustable filter layer. The adjustable filter layer can dynamically adjust the pore size. By dynamically adjusting the pore size, clogging caused by excessive dust accumulation can be avoided. When the pollutant concentration is high, the pore size can be slightly increased to reduce the clogging rate of the adjustable filter layer; while when the pollutant concentration is low, the pore size can be reduced to improve the filtration effect.This not only helps extend the service life of the equipment but also reduces maintenance costs, ensures smooth airflow, and further filters residual fine particles, thereby guaranteeing the stability and adaptability of the filtration effect. After being processed by the composite air filtration device, the air passes through the centrifugal filter mechanism 1, which initially removes most of the coarse particles. It then flows through the glass fiber filter element 21, where fine particles such as PM2.5 and pollen are further filtered. Passing through the activated carbon layer, volatile organic compounds, odors, smells, and harmful gases are adsorbed. The heated air then passes through the microbial filter layer, where the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 further destroys the DNA of microorganisms, enhancing the sterilization effect. Through the filter layer with adaptively adjustable pore size, fine particles and residual gaseous pollutants are further filtered and removed, ensuring that the air achieves the best purification effect. After these multiple purification steps, particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, microorganisms, and odors in the air have been effectively removed. The air finally discharged into the environment is fresh, odorless, and free of harmful substances, meeting environmental emission standards and significantly improving air quality, providing clean and safe air for the environment.

[0045] In this embodiment, a filter cylinder 13 is provided inside the centrifuge cylinder 11, and there is a gap between the filter cylinder 13 and the centrifuge cylinder 11. The top end of the filter cylinder 13 extends outward to form an annular flange 14, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the centrifuge cylinder 11. The top end of the glass fiber filter element 21 extends outward to form an annular flange 2, which is inserted into the inner wall of the filter cylinder 13. The glass fiber filter element 21 is cylindrical, and a bowl-shaped plate 22 is provided on the bottom surface of the glass fiber filter element 21. The bowl-shaped plate 22 is connected to the glass fiber filter element 21. Activated carbon is located inside the glass fiber filter element 21, and there is a space for the activated carbon to move on the top surface of the activated carbon and the glass fiber filter element 21. An activated carbon baffle 23 is provided at the top of the glass fiber filter element 21, and a container groove is opened at the top. The activated carbon baffle is connected to the bottom of the container groove.

[0046] The filter cartridge 13 has an annular cavity, which is divided into a heating cavity 322 and a microbial cavity by a heat-conducting ring. The heating component 32 includes a heating element 321, which is installed in the heating cavity 322. A temperature sensor is installed on the cavity wall of the heating cavity 322. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control module 5, and the control module 5 is electrically connected to the heating element 321. The cavity wall of the microbial cavity has several ventilation holes. The microbial layer 31 is installed in the microbial cavity. A gas spraying component is installed on the upper cavity wall of the microbial cavity. The gas spraying component is used to add water and nutrient solution to the microbial layer 31. The ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 is located in the ultraviolet cavity 42. The cavity wall of the ultraviolet cavity 42 has ventilation holes. The ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 can also be used to remove microorganisms carried in the air.

[0047] Specifically, when the operator uses this device to filter the air filter, air enters the centrifuge cylinder 11 through the air inlet pipe 12. A gap exists between the filter cylinder 13 and the centrifuge cylinder 11 to ensure smooth airflow within the gap. The top of the filter cylinder 13 extends outward to form an annular flange 14, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the centrifuge cylinder 11, ensuring a secure installation. The top of the fiberglass filter element 21 extends outward to form an annular flange 2, which is inserted into the inner wall of the filter cylinder 13 and tightly connected to it, ensuring the stability of the fiberglass filter element 21. The fiberglass filter element 21 is cylindrical, with a bowl-shaped plate 22 on its bottom surface. Connected to the fiberglass filter element 21, it effectively supports the fiberglass element and prevents activated carbon from falling off. The fiberglass filter element 21 is filled with activated carbon, and the activated carbon forms a moving space between the inside of the fiberglass filter element 21 and the activated carbon baffle 23 set at the top. This allows the activated carbon to move when the gas passes through the fiberglass filter element 21, enhancing its adsorption capacity for gaseous pollutants. The activated carbon baffle 23 at the top of the fiberglass filter element 21 is connected to the bottom of the container groove to ensure the stable position of the activated carbon and prevent activated carbon leakage. After preliminary filtration, the air continues to enter the annular cavity provided on the filter cylinder 13. This annular cavity is divided into a heating chamber 322 and a micro-heating chamber 322 by a heat-conducting ring. The biological chamber, specifically the heating chamber 322, contains a heating element 321. A temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control module 5. By adjusting the operating temperature of the heating element 321, the temperature of the heating chamber 322 is precisely controlled. The heat from the heating chamber 322 can be transferred to the microbial chamber, increasing the activity of the microbial layer 31 and enhancing its degradation of harmful substances in the air. The walls of the microbial chamber have several ventilation holes, allowing airflow to pass smoothly through the microbial layer 31. The microbial layer 31 removes bacteria, viruses, and harmful gases from the air through adsorption and biodegradation. The upper wall of the microbial chamber is equipped with a gas spraying assembly. The system automatically sprays water and nutrient solution to maintain the moisture and nutrient supply of the microbial layer 31, ensuring that the microorganisms can work efficiently. In addition, air flows through the ultraviolet cavity 42 where the ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 is located. The ultraviolet irradiation unit 41 destroys the DNA of microorganisms in the air through strong ultraviolet radiation, further removing harmful substances such as bacteria and viruses from the air. The cavity wall of the ultraviolet cavity 42 is provided with ventilation holes to ensure smooth airflow in the ultraviolet cavity 42, so that particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, microorganisms and odors in the air are effectively removed. The emitted air is clean and harmless, meets environmental protection standards, and achieves optimized air quality.

[0048] In some embodiments, the gas spraying assembly includes a gas storage module 101, a balloon valve 102, a liquid storage module 103, and a nozzle 104. The gas storage module 101 is connected to the air inlet pipe 12. The balloon valve 102 is installed at the outlet end of the gas storage module 101. The outlet end of the gas storage module 101 is connected to the liquid storage module 103 through a ventilation pipe. The liquid storage module 103 is connected to the nozzle 104. The nozzle 104 is installed on the upper cavity wall of the microbial layer 31. The balloon valve 102 is electrically connected to the control module 5.

[0049] Specifically, the industrial waste gas to be purified enters the gas storage module 101 through the air inlet pipe 12 and is stored therein. When the control module 5 issues a command, the balloon valve 102 opens, and the waste gas in the gas storage module 101 is released through the balloon valve 102. The kinetic energy of the gas propels the waste gas along the ventilation pipe to the liquid storage module 103. The liquid storage module 103 is connected to the nozzle 104. Through the pressure of the gas, the liquid is forced from the liquid storage module 103 and sprayed onto the microbial layer 31 through the nozzle 104. The sprayed water and nutrient solution provide the necessary moist environment and nutrients for the microbial layer 31, ensuring that the microbial layer 31 can continue to work effectively and promote the degradation of pollutants in the air. In this embodiment, the waste gas in the gas storage module 101 is not only effectively stored and utilized, but the kinetic energy of the gas is also cleverly converted into the power of liquid spraying, realizing the synergistic work of the gas and liquid systems. This maximizes the utilization of gas kinetic energy in the purification process, which not only promotes the moistening and maintenance of the microbial layer 31, but also indirectly helps the preliminary treatment of waste gas and improves the efficiency of the entire air purification system.

[0050] In some embodiments, the adjustable filter layer includes a first variable layer 611, a second variable layer 612, a third variable layer 613, and a fourth variable layer 614. Each of the first variable layer 611, the second variable layer 612, the third variable layer 613, and the fourth variable layer 614 has filter holes of four different apertures. The top cover 7 is provided with a first fixing plate 62 mounted on a second fixing plate 63. A rotating shaft 64 is rotatably connected to the first fixing plate 62. The other end of the rotating shaft 64 passes through the second fixing plate 63, and a drive motor 6 is coaxially connected to one end of the rotating shaft 64 passing through the second fixing plate 63. 5. A rotating block 66 is coaxially fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 64. A spring groove is annularly formed on the rotating block 66. The spring groove is horizontally positioned and contains a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring groove, and the other end of the spring groove is fixedly connected to four insert rods 67. The insert rods 67 are respectively fixedly connected to variable layer one 611, variable layer two 612, variable layer three 613, and variable layer four 614. The top cover 7 includes an upper cover part 71 and a lower cover part 72, which are connected by a support. The components are fixedly connected. The upper cover 71 and the lower cover 72 are provided with adjustment filter positions for inserting variable layer 1 611, variable layer 2 612, variable layer 3 613, or variable layer 4 614. The top cover 7 is also provided with a sealing mechanism 15, which is used to seal the contact point between variable layer 1 611, variable layer 2 612, variable layer 3 613, or variable layer 4 614 and the top cover 7 when variable layer 1 611, variable layer 2 612, variable layer 3 613, or variable layer 4 614 is inserted into the adjustment filter position. The sealing mechanism 15 includes a first sealing block 151 and a second sealing block 152. The upper cover 71 has a first sliding ring groove 75, and the first sealing block 151 can slide along the groove wall of the first sliding ring groove 75. The lower cover 72 is provided with a second sliding ring groove 76, and the second sealing block 152 can slide along the groove wall of the second sliding ring groove 76. The first sealing block 151 and the second sealing block 152 can abut against each other. The first sealing block 151 and the second sealing block 152 are respectively provided with a first avoidance hole and a second avoidance hole, which are used to avoid the insertion rod 67.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the top cover 7 includes an upper cover 71 and a lower cover 72, which are fixedly connected by a support assembly. An adjustable filter position is provided at the connection between the upper cover 71 and the lower cover 72 for inserting different variable layers, namely variable layer one 611, variable layer two 612, variable layer three 613, and variable layer four 614. The variable layers have filter holes of different diameters, and the pore size of each variable layer is different to adapt to the filtration needs of different types of pollutants. In this embodiment, the rotation of the rotating shaft 64 is controlled by a drive motor 65. The rotating shaft 64 is coaxially connected to the rotating block 66. The rotating block 66 has a spring groove, in which a spring is placed. The other end of the spring is connected to the insertion rod 67. The insertion rod 67 is fixedly connected to the variable layers one, two, three, and four. The motor drives the rotating shaft 64 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating block 66 to rotate, thereby changing the position of the insertion rod 67. The position of different variable layers is adjusted to regulate the filter holes. Each variable layer is inserted or removed by contacting the adjustment filter position with the insertion rod 67, thereby adjusting the filter layer used as needed. To ensure that the airflow does not leak when passing through the adjustment filter layer, the top cover 7 is also provided with a sealing mechanism 15, including a sealing block 151 and a sealing block 152. The sealing block 151 slides along the sliding annular groove 75 of the upper cover 71, and the sealing block 152 slides along the sliding annular groove 76 of the lower cover 72. When the insertion rod 67 drives the variable layer to be inserted into the adjustment filter position, the sealing block 151 and the sealing block 152 will abut against each other, thereby ensuring a good seal at the contact point between the variable layer and the top cover 7 and preventing air leakage. The sealing block 151 and the sealing block 152 are each provided with a first avoidance hole and a second avoidance hole to avoid interference from the insertion rod 67, ensuring that the sealing blocks can slide smoothly and maintain the sealing effect.

[0052] In some embodiments, the support assembly includes a connecting column and two horizontal columns, which are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting column, one end of one horizontal column is fixedly connected to the upper cover 71, and the other end of the other horizontal column is fixedly connected to the lower cover 72.

[0053] In some embodiments, the upper cover 71 has a sliding groove 16, which communicates with the sliding ring groove 75. A driving post 17 is fixedly mounted on the sealing block 151. The driving post 17 is vertically positioned and has a horizontally mounted handheld post 18. The handheld post 18 includes a horizontal part 181 and a horizontal part 182, which are hinged together. The horizontal part 181 is collinear with the horizontal part 182, and the horizontal part 181 is rotatably connected to the horizontal part 182. The horizontal part 181 is connected to the driving post 182. The column 17 is connected, and the wall of the sliding groove 16 is provided with a hanging groove 19. When the sealing strip needs to be inserted into the sliding ring groove 75, the horizontal part 181 is separated from the hanging groove 19. The horizontal part 181 and the horizontal part 2 182 are collinear. The horizontal part 181 moves upward, which drives the horizontal part 2 182 to move upward, which drives the column 17 to move upward, which drives the sealing block 151 to move upward until the sealing block 151 is completely placed in the sliding ring groove 75. The horizontal part 181 is rotated relative to the horizontal part 2 182 so that the horizontal part 181 is inserted into the hanging groove 19.

[0054] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A composite air filtration device, characterized in that, include: Centrifugal filtration mechanism (1), the centrifugal filtration mechanism (1) includes a centrifugal cylinder (11) and an air inlet pipe (12), the centrifugal cylinder (11) is connected to the air inlet pipe (12), the inner cavity of the centrifugal cylinder (11) is cylindrical, the air inlet pipe (12) is tangentially connected to the centrifugal cylinder (11) so that the outlet of the air inlet pipe (12) is tangential to the inner wall of the centrifugal cylinder (11); The second filter element (2) includes a glass fiber filter element (21) and activated carbon. The glass fiber filter element (21) is installed inside the centrifuge cylinder (11), and the activated carbon is installed inside the glass fiber filter element (21). The gas filtered by the centrifuge cylinder (11) enters the glass fiber filter element (21). The microbial filtration mechanism (3) includes a microbial layer (31) and a heating component (32). The heating component (32) is used to heat the microbial layer (31), and the gas passing through the activated carbon enters the microbial layer (31). Ultraviolet (UV) mechanism (4), the UV mechanism (4) includes UV irradiation unit (41), the UV irradiation unit (41) is electrically connected to control module (5), the control module (5) is used to control the UV irradiation unit (41) to emit UV light, and the gas passing through the microbial layer (31) enters the UV irradiation unit (41). An adaptive adjustment mechanism (6) includes an adjustment filter layer whose pore size can be adjusted according to the air flow rate; The adjustable filter layer includes a first variable layer (611), a second variable layer (612), a third variable layer (613), and a fourth variable layer (614). Each of the first variable layer (611), second variable layer (612), third variable layer (613), and fourth variable layer (614) has filter holes of four different apertures. The top cover (7) is provided with a first fixed plate (62) and a second fixed plate (63). The first fixed plate (62) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (64). The other end of the rotating shaft (64) passes through the second fixed plate (63), and the rotating shaft (64) passes through the second fixed plate (63). A drive motor (65) is coaxially connected to one end of the rotating shaft (64), and a rotating block (66) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating block (66). A spring groove is annularly opened on the rotating block (66). The spring groove is horizontally set, and a spring is set in the spring groove. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring groove. A plug rod (67) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring groove. There are four plug rods (67). The plug rods (67) are fixedly connected to the first variable layer (611), the second variable layer (612), the third variable layer (613), and the fourth variable layer (614) respectively. Top cover (7), the adjustable filter layer is installed on the top cover (7), the top cover (7) is connected to the centrifuge cylinder (11) through a connecting ring (8), and the top cover (7) is provided with an air outlet pipe (9), the air outlet pipe (9) is connected to the top cover (7); The gas passes sequentially from the intake pipe (12) through the centrifuge tube (11), the glass fiber filter element (21), activated carbon, the microbial layer (31), the ultraviolet irradiation unit (41), and the regulating filter layer. The control module (5) adjusts the pore size of the regulating filter layer according to the air filtration standard and the air flow rate.

2. The composite air filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter cylinder (13) is provided inside the centrifuge cylinder (11). There is a gap between the filter cylinder (13) and the centrifuge cylinder (11). The top end of the filter cylinder (13) extends outward to form an annular flange (14) which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the centrifuge cylinder (11). The top end of the glass fiber filter element (21) extends outward to form an annular flange (2) which is inserted into the inner wall of the filter cylinder (13). The glass fiber filter element (21) is cylindrical, and a bowl-shaped plate (22) is provided on the bottom surface of the glass fiber filter element (21). The bowl-shaped plate (22) is connected to the glass fiber filter element (21). The activated carbon is located inside the glass fiber filter element (21), and the activated carbon and the top surface of the glass fiber filter element (21) are provided with space for the activated carbon to move. An activated carbon baffle (23) is provided at the top end of the glass fiber filter element (21). A container groove is opened at the top end, and the activated carbon baffle (23) is connected to the bottom of the container groove. The filter cartridge (13) is provided with an annular cavity, which is divided into a heating cavity (322) and a microbial cavity by a heat-conducting ring. The heating component (32) includes a heating element (321), which is installed in the heating cavity (322). A temperature sensor is provided on the cavity wall of the heating cavity (322), and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control module (5). The control module (5) is electrically connected to the heating element (321). The cavity wall of the microbial cavity is provided with several ventilation holes. The microbial layer (31) is installed in the microbial cavity. A gas spraying component is provided on the upper cavity wall of the microbial cavity. The gas spraying component is used to add water and nutrient solution to the microbial layer (31). The ultraviolet irradiation unit (41) is located in the ultraviolet cavity (42), and the cavity wall of the ultraviolet cavity (42) is provided with ventilation holes. The ultraviolet irradiation unit (41) can also be used to remove microorganisms carried in the air.

3. The composite air filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas spraying assembly includes a gas storage module (101), a balloon valve (102), a liquid storage module (103), and a nozzle (104). The gas storage module (101) is connected to the air inlet pipe (12). The balloon valve (102) is installed at the outlet end of the gas storage module (101). The outlet end of the gas storage module (101) is connected to the liquid storage module (103) through a ventilation pipe. The liquid storage module (103) is connected to the nozzle (104). The nozzle (104) is installed on the upper cavity wall of the microbial layer (31). The balloon valve (102) is electrically connected to the control module (5).

4. The composite air filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover (7) includes an upper cover (71) and a lower cover (72). The upper cover (71) and the lower cover (72) are fixedly connected by a support assembly. The upper cover (71) and the lower cover (72) are provided with adjustment filter positions for inserting the variable layer one (611), variable layer two (612), variable layer three (613), or variable layer four (614). The top cover (7) is also provided with a sealing mechanism (15). The sealing mechanism (15) is used to seal the contact point between the variable layer one (611), variable layer two (612), variable layer three (613), or variable layer four (614) and the top cover (7) when the variable layer one (611), variable layer two (612), variable layer three (613), or variable layer four (614) is inserted into the adjustment filter position.

5. A composite air filtration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (15) includes a sealing block one (151) and a sealing block two (152). The upper cover (71) is provided with a sliding ring groove one (75). The sealing block one (151) can slide along the groove wall of the sliding ring groove one (75). The lower cover (72) is provided with a sliding ring groove two (76). The sealing block two (152) can slide along the groove wall of the sliding ring groove two (76). The sealing block one (151) and the sealing block two (152) can abut against each other. The sealing block one (151) and the sealing block two (152) are respectively provided with a clearance hole one and a clearance hole two. The clearance hole one and the clearance hole two are used to avoid the insertion rod (67).

6. A composite air filtration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a connecting column and two horizontal columns. The two horizontal columns are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting column, one end of one horizontal column is fixedly connected to the upper cover (71), and the other end of the other horizontal column is fixedly connected to the lower cover (72).

7. A composite air filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper cover (71) has a sliding groove (16) that communicates with the sliding ring groove (75). The sealing block (151) is fixedly provided with a driving column (17), which is vertically arranged. The driving column (17) is fixedly provided with a horizontal handheld column (18). The handheld column (18) includes a horizontal part (181) and a horizontal part (182). The horizontal part (181) and the horizontal part (182) are hinged together. The horizontal part (181) can be collinear with the horizontal part (182). The horizontal part (181) can be rotatably connected to the horizontal part (182). The horizontal part (182) is connected to the driving column (17). The sliding groove 1 (16) has a hanging groove (19) on its wall. When the sealing block 1 (151) needs to be inserted into the sliding ring groove 1 (75), the horizontal part 1 (181) is separated from the hanging groove (19). The horizontal part 1 (181) and the horizontal part 2 (182) are collinear. The horizontal part 1 (181) moves upward, which drives the horizontal part 2 (182) to move upward, which drives the driving column (17) to move upward, which drives the sealing block 1 (151) to move upward until the sealing block 1 (151) is completely placed in the sliding ring groove 1 (75). The horizontal part 1 (181) is rotated relative to the horizontal part 2 (182) so that the horizontal part 1 (181) is inserted into the hanging groove (19).

Images